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ITOPF INTERNATIONAL SEMINARITOPF INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR
SPILL PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE AND SPILL PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE AND COMPENSATIONCOMPENSATION
Singapore, 3 December 2003Singapore, 3 December 2003
Peter M. SwiftPeter M. Swift
All in the same boat
Shipowners are Shipowners are the primary link in the primary link in the responsibility the responsibility
chainchain
PORTS & PORTS & TERMINALSTERMINALS
CHARTERERSCHARTERERS
SHIPOWNERSHIPOWNERCLASS CLASS
SOCIETIESSOCIETIES
SHIPYARDSSHIPYARDS
INSURERSINSURERS
BANKS & BANKS & INVESTORSINVESTORSFLAG STATESFLAG STATES
CARGO OWNERSCARGO OWNERS
Chain of Responsibility
EFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIPEFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIP
SHIPOWNER
SHIPYARDS
INSURERS
BANKS &INVESTORS
CARGO OWNERS
CHARTERERS
PORTS & TERMINALS
CLASSSOCIETIES
FLAG STATES
PARTNERSHIP:Working with regulators and legislators
Tripartite discussions between owners, builders and class
- practical means to address design margins, issues
and standards
Deck Head Corrosion
UNDER DECK WALK WAY OF DOUBLE SIDE TANK OF SUEZMAX SHOWING VERY SMALL DISTANCE FROM WALK WAY HAND RAIL TO
SIDE SHELL
Industry Flag State Guidelines
Need Realistic Master-Pilot Exchange
Passage Planning• Known navigational hazards• Recommended anchorages• Possible grounding areas• Expected berthing locations
Ship characteristics exchange
Terminal Vetting
• Database of ships’ experiences at terminals and berths
• Standard one-page report
• NOT an “approval” process
• Report used in non-confrontational dialogue with terminal operators
All in the Same Boat
But…
Are all the crew on board ?
All in the same boat, but are all the crew on board ?
CONVENTION :Bunkers Convention (2001)
RATIFIED BY :Jamaica, Spain, Tonga
EU Transport Council, December 2002: ”ENCOURAGES Member States, as soon as possible, to ratify or accede to the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001”
All in the same boat, but are all the crew on board ?
CONVENTION :Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS 1996)
RATIFIED BY :Angola, Morocco, Russian Federation, Tonga
EU Transport Council, December 2002: ”ENCOURAGES Member States, as soon as possible, to ratify or accede to the International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996”
All in the same boat, but are all the crew on board ?
CONVENTION :
Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances (OPRC-HNS Protocol 2000)
RATIFIED BY :
Ecuador, Greece, Malta, The Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, Sweden, Uruguay
All in the same boat, but are all the crew on board ?
CONVENTION :MARPOL Annex VI: Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships (Sept. 1997)
RATIFIED BY :Bahamas, Bangladesh, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Norway, Panama, Singapore, Spain, Sweden
Europe : 1999/32 (Seriously flawed and now being amended)
All in the same boat, but are all the crew on board ?
CONVENTION :Antifouling Convention (2001)
RATIFIED BY :Antigua & Barbuda, Denmark, Japan, Nigeria, Norway
European Ban on TBT since 1.1.2003 plus encouragement to Member states to ratify AFS Convention
Port Reception Facilities
An International Failure:
- Inadequacy of Reception of Annex I wastes still an issue for Tanker Owners
- States turning to policing measures w/o first providing the solution (Mediterranean aerial surveillance, Baltic oil tagging) – must return to the source of the problem, not end of pipe solutions
Problems in Europe and elsewhere:
Disputes over capability of ship to reach next port without the need for discharging waste
Fee systems progressively increased
Over-regulation of facilities causing closures, e.g. Italy
The chain that we The chain that we ignore at our perilignore at our peril
SHIPPING SHIPPING INDUSTRYINDUSTRY
PUBLICPUBLIC
POLITICIANSPOLITICIANS
NON-SHIPPING NON-SHIPPING MEDIAMEDIA
Communication Chain
Annex VI compliant engines since 2000
Ship Recycling
The VOCON ProjectCargo loss to atmosphere during
transportation
Loss of Volatile Organic Compound Vapour during Transportation
Crude Oil Cargo
Vapour from the Cargo plus Inert Gas
Vapour Pressure Generated by the Cargo
When the Vapour
Pressure is too
great for the hull, release occurs
Ballast Water Management
Industry working with IMO and others: – workshops and seminars, training initiatives,
prototype trials
Safety: Complete double hull*
*no tank containing cargo, fuel oil, lubricating oil or contaminated water is in contact with the outer hull
All in the same boat
Places of RefugePlaces of Refuge
A Solution Waiting to be A Solution Waiting to be ImplementedImplemented
• “ Coastal states should review their contingency arrangements so that disabled ships are provided with assistance and facilities as may be required in the circumstances. “ Bill O’Neil, IMO
• “ Member states should draw up plans whereby ships in distress may, if the situation so requires, be given refuge in their ports or any other sheltered area in the best conditions possible. Where necessary and feasible these plans should include the provision of adequate means and facilities for assistance, salvage and response pollution. “ EU Monitoring Directive
• “ The Baltic Sea states will intensify the cooperation on adequate emergency capacity (fire fighting, emergency lightering and towing capacities) by drawing up plans to ensure that ships in distress may go to a place of refuge.”Helsinki Commission
Supported by INTERTANKO, INTERCARGO, ICS, BIMCO, ISU
PLACES OF REFUGEPLACES OF REFUGE
THE CRIMINALISATION OF SEAFARERS FOR ACCIDENTAL POLLUTION
DOES NOTHING TO PROMOTE SAFER SHIPPING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
“Spain rejects Mangouras appeal”
Shipping industryShipping industry
• Feedback mechanisms weak
• We must learn from accidents and from our mistakes
SHIPOWNER
SHIPYARDS
INSURERS
TRAFFICMANAGEMENT
CARGO OWNER
CHARTERER
PORTS & TERMINALS
CLASSSOCIETIES
FLAG STATES
All in the same boatworking for
SAFE, SECURE AND CLEAN SEAS
Thank you
www.intertanko.com