is/are would can do/ does

could will

WhenWhen the

nucleotide is part of DNA

when the DNA molecule it is

copying, has an adenine base

only when the tRNA base sequence is

complimentary to the mRNA

At high temperatures or

extreme pHs

when an RNA molecule is

synthesised

if it is an RNA nucleotide

Whatthe proteome Messenger RNA the protein will no

longer carry out its function which could

affect structural components of a cell

or cell metabolism

mRNA moves into the ribosome (rRNA) and the base sequence is ‘read’ and translated into the appropriate polypeptide chain

“new” shape could prevent normal

functioning of protein, eg active site no

longer can catalyse reaction

a gene may code for more than one protein depending on its cell environ, ie its location

in the organism

WhyDNA bases determine the sequence of amino

acids, which in turn help the protein form its four levels of structure, that determines its function

It contains more that one

polypeptide chain

determine the shape and thus function of proteins, & carry out critical functions, eg enzymes, incorrect

formation of proteins can be detrimental

because of the interaction between

proteins, and the reliance that some

have on others

the ribosomes wouldn’t be able to

read the correct base sequence and translate into right polypeptide chain

many diseases are due to the malfunction of

proteins, not just mutations. Hence

targeting genes alone is not sufficient to combat

all types of diseases

Wherea) cytoplasm

b) nucleus

at the ribosomes

at the receptors of the cell

In the rough ER, although

question a bit confusing

as a structural component of

ribosomes

in the nucleus of the cell

Whichit has been man-made

polypeptide ultimately both will have the same effect; a

mutation or change in the tertiary structure will result in a faulty protein and hence will limit or

disable its function

thymine ribosome Messenger

Howbecause continual

research will enable scientist to mimic a protein to perform a

certain activity

a change in the secondary structure would affect the H-

bonding b/n amino acids and would hence affect

the protein’s overall shape (or active site)

DNA contain deoxyribose sugar and bases GTAC,

RNA contain ribose sugar and GUAC

Only “matching” tRNA (carrying amino acid) can have amino acid added to chain

Inhibit the action of an enzyme or

mimic the enzyme (if it was faulty)

if two polypeptides

combine together

a protein reach its quaternary

level?

a designer drug affect a

biochemical pathway?

an RNA strand get translated in the ribosome?

one tell the difference

between RNA and DNA

nucleotides?

a mutation in the secondary structure

of a protein ultimately affect the protein's function?

the research of proteomics benefiting in

designing certain drugs?

type of RNA will be responsible for the transcription

process of protein synthesis?

organelle (could)

synthesise proteins?

nitrogenous base (does) get

replaced by uracil in RNA?

more greatly affect the function of a

protein: a mutation in the genes or in the tertiary structure?

substance (would) be

created after translation of

mRNA?

a characteristic of a designer drug that makes it differ from something our body

would produce?

transcription occur?

rRNA be found in a cell?

amino acids characterise the

packaging of proteins?

a designer drug have an impact on a

cell so that the invading virus

cannot enter a host cell?

the translation of an mRNA

molecule occur?

DNA located in

a) Prokaryote cell

b) Eukaryote cell

designer drugs be designed to target mutations in the

genes not help in fighting all types of

diseases?

a ribosomes mutation affect the making of a

protein?

proteomics concentrate on a range of different

proteins rather than just one?

a simple mutation in ones

genes, be detrimental?

you call haemoglobin an

example of a protein with a

quaternary structure?

the bases of DNA so

important in the synthesis of

proteins?

cause the same gene to code for different types of proteins?

happen if a protein is

synthesised with a mutation?

the rRNA molecule do in the synthesis of

proteins?

result in the manufacturing of a faulty protein?

substance (would) be

produced from transcription of

DNA?

is the sum of all proteins

produced in an organism

referred to as?

a uracil be present in the nitrogenous

base of a nucleotide?

Uracil replace Thymine?

proteins get denatured?

the mRNA bond to the tRNA during the translation stage of protein synthesis?

uracil be added to a growing

mRNA molecule?

a sugar deoxyribose

part of a nucleotide?

is/are would can do/ does

could will

Whenis a cell not undergoing

mitosis?

the rate of respiration

exceed photosynthesis?

water pass across a

membrane into a cell?

ATP get used for movement

across cell membranes?

enzymes be denatured?

alcohol begin to be produced in plant cells and

yeast?

Whatglucose broken

down into during glycolysis?

be an element in proteins that is not in lipids?

be made from a chain of

nucleotides?

endoplasmic reticulum do in a

cell?

be the stage of mitosis where chromatids are pulled apart?

the main waste product of

aerobic respiration?

Whybacteria referred

to as prokaryotes?

osmosis also be referred to as a special case of

diffusion?

active transport move molecules from low to high concentration?

cells have a certain size

limit?

a cell with a cell wall not

necessarily be a plant cell?

the reaction rate be affected by

substrate concentration?

Where2 ATP produced

during glycolysis?

photosynthesis occur in a plant

cell?

you find in a cell the process of fermentation occurring?

plant cells produce glucose?

you place a RBC for it to lyse (burst

open)?

amino acids be combined to

form proteins?

Whichis the organelle

involved in aerobic

respiration?

be a protein, galactose or

carbonic anhydrase?

pass through the membrane bi-layer, sugar

or H2O?

more membrane damage, a

hypotonic or isotonic sol?

affect photosynthesis more, no CO2 or no chlorophyll?

lower enzyme activity,

decrease in pH or temperature?

Howcarbohydrates

chemically different to

lipids?

ions pass across a plasma

membrane?

you identify a eukaryotic cell?

a fungal cell differ to that of a

plant cell?

you identify the main role of a

cell is to release hormones?

O2 and CO2 move across a

plasma membrane?

a protein reach its quaternary

level?

a designer drug affect a

biochemical pathway?

?one tell the difference

between RNA and DNA

nucleotides?

a mutation in the secondary structure

of a protein ultimately affect the protein's function?

the research of proteomics benefiting in

designing certain drugs?

type of RNA will be responsible for the transcription

process of protein synthesis?

?????

transcription occur?

?amino acids characterise the

packaging of proteins?

a designer drug have an impact on a

cell so that the invading virus

cannot enter a host cell?

the translation of an mRNA

molecule occur?

DNA located in

a) Prokaryote cell

b) Eukaryote cell

designer drugs be designed to target mutations in the

genes not help in fighting all types of

diseases?

a ribosomes mutation affect the making of a

protein?

proteomics concentrate on a range of different

proteins rather than just one?

a simple mutation in ones

genes, be detrimental?

?the bases of DNA so

important in the synthesis of

proteins?

??the rRNA molecule do in the synthesis of

proteins?

result in the manufacturing of a faulty protein?

?is the sum of all proteins

produced in an organism

referred to as?

a Uracil be present in the nitrogenous

base of a nucleotide?

Uracil replace Thymine?

?

the mRNA bond to the tRNA during the translation stage of protein synthesis?

uracil be added to a growing

mRNA molecule?

?