is/are would can do/ does
could will
WhenWhen the
nucleotide is part of DNA
when the DNA molecule it is
copying, has an adenine base
only when the tRNA base sequence is
complimentary to the mRNA
At high temperatures or
extreme pHs
when an RNA molecule is
synthesised
if it is an RNA nucleotide
Whatthe proteome Messenger RNA the protein will no
longer carry out its function which could
affect structural components of a cell
or cell metabolism
mRNA moves into the ribosome (rRNA) and the base sequence is ‘read’ and translated into the appropriate polypeptide chain
“new” shape could prevent normal
functioning of protein, eg active site no
longer can catalyse reaction
a gene may code for more than one protein depending on its cell environ, ie its location
in the organism
WhyDNA bases determine the sequence of amino
acids, which in turn help the protein form its four levels of structure, that determines its function
It contains more that one
polypeptide chain
determine the shape and thus function of proteins, & carry out critical functions, eg enzymes, incorrect
formation of proteins can be detrimental
because of the interaction between
proteins, and the reliance that some
have on others
the ribosomes wouldn’t be able to
read the correct base sequence and translate into right polypeptide chain
many diseases are due to the malfunction of
proteins, not just mutations. Hence
targeting genes alone is not sufficient to combat
all types of diseases
Wherea) cytoplasm
b) nucleus
at the ribosomes
at the receptors of the cell
In the rough ER, although
question a bit confusing
as a structural component of
ribosomes
in the nucleus of the cell
Whichit has been man-made
polypeptide ultimately both will have the same effect; a
mutation or change in the tertiary structure will result in a faulty protein and hence will limit or
disable its function
thymine ribosome Messenger
Howbecause continual
research will enable scientist to mimic a protein to perform a
certain activity
a change in the secondary structure would affect the H-
bonding b/n amino acids and would hence affect
the protein’s overall shape (or active site)
DNA contain deoxyribose sugar and bases GTAC,
RNA contain ribose sugar and GUAC
Only “matching” tRNA (carrying amino acid) can have amino acid added to chain
Inhibit the action of an enzyme or
mimic the enzyme (if it was faulty)
if two polypeptides
combine together
a protein reach its quaternary
level?
a designer drug affect a
biochemical pathway?
an RNA strand get translated in the ribosome?
one tell the difference
between RNA and DNA
nucleotides?
a mutation in the secondary structure
of a protein ultimately affect the protein's function?
the research of proteomics benefiting in
designing certain drugs?
type of RNA will be responsible for the transcription
process of protein synthesis?
organelle (could)
synthesise proteins?
nitrogenous base (does) get
replaced by uracil in RNA?
more greatly affect the function of a
protein: a mutation in the genes or in the tertiary structure?
substance (would) be
created after translation of
mRNA?
a characteristic of a designer drug that makes it differ from something our body
would produce?
transcription occur?
rRNA be found in a cell?
amino acids characterise the
packaging of proteins?
a designer drug have an impact on a
cell so that the invading virus
cannot enter a host cell?
the translation of an mRNA
molecule occur?
DNA located in
a) Prokaryote cell
b) Eukaryote cell
designer drugs be designed to target mutations in the
genes not help in fighting all types of
diseases?
a ribosomes mutation affect the making of a
protein?
proteomics concentrate on a range of different
proteins rather than just one?
a simple mutation in ones
genes, be detrimental?
you call haemoglobin an
example of a protein with a
quaternary structure?
the bases of DNA so
important in the synthesis of
proteins?
cause the same gene to code for different types of proteins?
happen if a protein is
synthesised with a mutation?
the rRNA molecule do in the synthesis of
proteins?
result in the manufacturing of a faulty protein?
substance (would) be
produced from transcription of
DNA?
is the sum of all proteins
produced in an organism
referred to as?
a uracil be present in the nitrogenous
base of a nucleotide?
Uracil replace Thymine?
proteins get denatured?
the mRNA bond to the tRNA during the translation stage of protein synthesis?
uracil be added to a growing
mRNA molecule?
a sugar deoxyribose
part of a nucleotide?
is/are would can do/ does
could will
Whenis a cell not undergoing
mitosis?
the rate of respiration
exceed photosynthesis?
water pass across a
membrane into a cell?
ATP get used for movement
across cell membranes?
enzymes be denatured?
alcohol begin to be produced in plant cells and
yeast?
Whatglucose broken
down into during glycolysis?
be an element in proteins that is not in lipids?
be made from a chain of
nucleotides?
endoplasmic reticulum do in a
cell?
be the stage of mitosis where chromatids are pulled apart?
the main waste product of
aerobic respiration?
Whybacteria referred
to as prokaryotes?
osmosis also be referred to as a special case of
diffusion?
active transport move molecules from low to high concentration?
cells have a certain size
limit?
a cell with a cell wall not
necessarily be a plant cell?
the reaction rate be affected by
substrate concentration?
Where2 ATP produced
during glycolysis?
photosynthesis occur in a plant
cell?
you find in a cell the process of fermentation occurring?
plant cells produce glucose?
you place a RBC for it to lyse (burst
open)?
amino acids be combined to
form proteins?
Whichis the organelle
involved in aerobic
respiration?
be a protein, galactose or
carbonic anhydrase?
pass through the membrane bi-layer, sugar
or H2O?
more membrane damage, a
hypotonic or isotonic sol?
affect photosynthesis more, no CO2 or no chlorophyll?
lower enzyme activity,
decrease in pH or temperature?
Howcarbohydrates
chemically different to
lipids?
ions pass across a plasma
membrane?
you identify a eukaryotic cell?
a fungal cell differ to that of a
plant cell?
you identify the main role of a
cell is to release hormones?
O2 and CO2 move across a
plasma membrane?
a protein reach its quaternary
level?
a designer drug affect a
biochemical pathway?
?one tell the difference
between RNA and DNA
nucleotides?
a mutation in the secondary structure
of a protein ultimately affect the protein's function?
the research of proteomics benefiting in
designing certain drugs?
type of RNA will be responsible for the transcription
process of protein synthesis?
?????
transcription occur?
?amino acids characterise the
packaging of proteins?
a designer drug have an impact on a
cell so that the invading virus
cannot enter a host cell?
the translation of an mRNA
molecule occur?
DNA located in
a) Prokaryote cell
b) Eukaryote cell
designer drugs be designed to target mutations in the
genes not help in fighting all types of
diseases?
a ribosomes mutation affect the making of a
protein?
proteomics concentrate on a range of different
proteins rather than just one?
a simple mutation in ones
genes, be detrimental?
?the bases of DNA so
important in the synthesis of
proteins?
??the rRNA molecule do in the synthesis of
proteins?
result in the manufacturing of a faulty protein?
?is the sum of all proteins
produced in an organism
referred to as?
a Uracil be present in the nitrogenous
base of a nucleotide?
Uracil replace Thymine?
?
the mRNA bond to the tRNA during the translation stage of protein synthesis?
uracil be added to a growing
mRNA molecule?
?