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    Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

    Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to

    information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,

    and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest

    to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of

    education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the

    timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

    !"#$% '(%)

    !"# $ %& #' (")* &" +#,-.Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

    Invent a New India Using Knowledge

    /0)"1 &2 324 #' 5 *)6Jawaharlal Nehru

    Step Out From the Old to the New

    7"#1&"8+9&"), 7:1&"8+9&")Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

    The Right to Information, The Right to Live

    !"# %& ;

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    IS : 2770 ( Part I) - 1967( Reaffirmed2007)

    Indian Standard

    METHODS OF TESTING BOND IN

    REINFORCED CONCRETE

    PART 1 PULL-OUTTEST

    (Sixth Reprint MAY 2001 )

    UDC 666.982: 620.172.21

    REAFFIRMED 2007

    Gr3

    Copyright 1968

    BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

    MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

    NEW DELHI 110002

    January 1968

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    IS 2770 rt I 1967

    Indian StandardMETHODS OF TESTING BOND INREINFORCED CONCRETE

    P RT PULL OUT TESTCement and Concrete Sectional Committee, BDC 2

    hairmanSHRI K. K. NAMBIAR

    RtprlstnlingThe Concrete Association of India, Bombay

    MembersS H RI M. A. ME H T A i lumau toShri K. K. Nambiar )

    SHRI K. F. ANTIAS H R I A. P. BAGeBISJlRIP. S . B H A T N A O A RD R S. K. CHOPRA

    rv N. Dastur Co Pv t ) Lt d, C alcu tt aS ah u C emen t Service, New DelhiBhakra Beas Designs Organization, Ne w DelhiCentra) Building Research Institute C S I R ) ,Roorkee

    The Associated Cement Companies Ltd, Bombay

    S.B. Joshi Co Ltd. BombayCentral Road R es ea rc h I ns ti tu te C S I R ) , Ne wDelhi

    S H R I J. S. SHARMA AlternateDIRECTOR CS M ) Central Water Power Commission

    DIRECTOR DAMS I I I ) AlternauD R R. K. GHOSH Indian Roads Congress, New DelhiSHRI B. K. un Central Public Works Department

    SUPERINTENDING E NGIN EE R,2N D CIRCLE Alternate)DR R. R. HATIIANOADI

    SHRI V. N. PA l AlternateJOINT DIRECTOR STANDARDS Research, Design, Standards OrganisationB S ) Ministry of Railways )

    DEPUTY DIRECTOR ST ND RDB 5 ) lternate)SHRI S. B. JOSHIPROP S. R. MEHRA

    D R R. K. GHOSH AlurnauS H i l l S. N. MUKERJI National Test House, Calcutta

    SHRI E. K. R ~ C H N D R N lttrnaJI)SHRI ERACH A. NADIRSHAH Institute of Engineers In d i a), CalcuttaBRIO NARESl I P R ~ D Engineer-in-Chief s Branch, Army HeadquartersSHRI C. B. PATEL National Buildings OrganizationSaRI RABINDER SINOH Alurnau )S H RI I. L. PATEL Directorate General of Supplies DisposalsSHJU T. N. S. R A O Gammon India Ltd, Bombay

    SHRI S. R. PJ: \HEJRO lternate R E P R E S ~ N T T I V E Geological Survey of I n di a, C alcu tt aRZPRE.lENTATIVE T he I nd ia Cements Ltd, M a d r uSHRI K. G. SA l VI Hindustan Housing F act or y Ltd , New Delhi

    SHRI C. L. KASLJ\VAL lurnauontinutd onpagl 2 )

    BURE U OF INDI N ST ND RDSM N K BH V N 9 B H DUR SH H Z F R M RG

    NEW DELHI 110002

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    IS I 2170 (Part I ) . 1( CtntIbtwtl /rMn /JaIl 1)

    MmtHrSDR S. SAltLU

    lUprlJmtm,Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR),Roorkee

    SHill Z. GEORGE ( Allmt4lt )S OJlBTAJlY Central Board of Irrigation . Power, New DelhiSIDU L. SWAROOP Dalmia Cement ( Bharat ) Ltd , New DelhiSHat A. V. RAWANA Alttmau)SHRI]. M. T1umAN Roads ,Vhlg,Ministry of Transport

    SHJU N. H. KuwANI Altmultl)DR H. C. VDVUVA.AYA Cement Research Institute of India, New DelhiSHRJ R. NAOARAJAN, Director General, lSI Ex oJMio Mmablr)Director ( Civ Enn ) S 4rySHRI Y. R. TANItJADeputy Director (Civ Enn), lS I

    Concrete Subcommittee, BDC 2 : 2

    National Buildings OrganizationM.N. Dastur Co (Pvt) Ltd, Calcutta

    S.B. Joshi at Co Ltd, Bombay

    hop G. S. RAIIAIWANY

    Sahu Cement Service, New DelhiIn personal capacity ( M 60, Cusrou: Bal, O ~ Q )Central Building Research Institute ( OSI R ),RoorkeeDR I. C. Dos PAIl CUDOOU Central Water Power CommiuionDInoTo. D MSI ) AllmuJU

    DrpUTY DIRECTOR STANDARDS Research, Designs and Standards Organization(B & S)AaI lTANT DIUOTOI\ STANDAJlDI ( B S) (AltmuJlI)DlR arOa Hyderabad Engineer ing Research Laboratory.HyderabadDuutaroa-JN-CHAROE Geological Survey of India, LucknowSRln V. N. GUNAJI Public Works Department, MaharuhtraSRJU V. K. GUPTA Engineer-in..Chief . Branch, Army Headquarten

    SHAI K. K. NAMBIAR The Concrete Allociation of India, BombaySHaI C. L. N. IV NOAR ( Altmt4U)OR M. L. PUIU

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    IS I 2770 Part I 1967

    ndian StandardMETHODS OF TESTING BOND INREINFORCED CONCRETEP RT I PU OUT TEST

    R E W R D0.1 This Indian Standard Part I was adopted by the Indian StandardsInstitution on 20 November 1967, after the draft finalized by the Cementand Concrete Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.0.2 This part deals with the method for comparison of the bond resistanceof different types of reinforcing bars with concrete by pull-out test. Theeam Tests for determining the bond properties of reinforcing bars will becovered subsequently in separate parts.0.3 This method of test is intended to provide a standardized procedure forcomparison of bond characteristics between concrete and different types ofsteel reinforcing bars. Such determinations may be made for any purpose,from routine acceptance tests to research testing, in so far as applicable to aparticular project. The method is offered as one workable procedure, to beemployed either in its entirety or with modifications to meet specific conditions. The method may also be used with some suitable modifications, ifnecessary for comparing differen t concrete mixes for their bond characteristics with steel reinforcing bars.

    0.3.1 It should, however, not be assumed that the average bond stressescalculated from the results of such tests have any direct relation to thepermissible bond stress given in Table VI of IS : 456-1964*.0.4 The bond strength, or the measure of the effectiveness of the grip betweenconcrete and steel, has no standard quantitative definition. In pull-outtests on plain bars, the maximum load generally represents the bondstrength that can be developed between the concrete and steel. With plainbars the maximum load is not very different from the load at the first visibleslip, but in the case of the deformed bar the maximum load may correspondto a large slip which may not in fact be obtained in practice before othertypes of failure occur. It is preferable, therefore, when comparing plainand deformed bars to determine not only the maximum load but also theload at arbitrary amounts of slip and also plot the complete load-slip

    Code of practice for plain .and reinforced concrete lU tv s on .3

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    IS 2770 Part I 1967curves for t he p la in and deformed bars under comparison. One such basisof comparison is the load at a relative movement slip) between steel andconcrete of 0 025 at th e free end of th e bar in a pull-out test.0.5 The Sectional Committee responsible for th e preparation of this standardha s ta ken int o consideration the views of producers, consumers and technologists,. and ha s related the standard to t he m an uf ac tu ri ng and tradepractices followed in the c oun tr y in this field. Due w ei gh ta gc h as alsobeen given to the need for international co-ordination among standardsprevailing in different countries of th e world. These considerationsle d th e Sectional Committee to derive assistance from th e p blished documents of th e following organizations:

    American Society for Testing and MaterialsBritish Standards InstitutionStandards Association of Australia

    0 .6 This stand ard is on e of a series o f Ind ian S tandadrs on testing ofconcrete. Other standards published so far in th e series ar e given on page 10.0.7 In r ep or ti ng t he results of a test or analysis made in acco rd ance withthis standard, if th e final value observed or calculated, is to be rounded off,it shall be done in a cc or da nc e w it h IS : 21960.

    1. SCOPE1.1 T hi s s ta nd a rd Pa r t I covers the method for th e comparison of th ebond resistance of different types of reinforcing b ars with con crete y meansof a pull-ou t test.2. R TUS2.1 Moulds for Bond T ea t S pe ci me ns - The moulds shall be of sizesuitable for casti ng concr et e cubes of dimensions specified in 3.1 an d shallconform to the requirements of compression test specimens specified inIS : 516.1959t.

    The moulds shall be watertigh t. Watertigh tn ess may be accomplishedby using grooved joints, or a sealing compound may be applied at the jointsafter assembly. T he moulds shall be designed to hold the bars rigidly inplace and shall allow for easy removal without disturbance of embeddedbars.2.2 Me uring A p p a r a t u . - Apparatus shall be provided for measuringthe movement of the reinforcing bar with respect to th e concrete at botht he l oa de d and unloaded free) ends of th e bar. Dial micrometers shall

    tRules for rounding o numerical values vised .tMethods of test for strengtb of concrete.

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    S < t the ; hc150

    IS 2770 Part I 1967be used at both locations. At the free end of th e bar a dial micrometergraduated to read in 0002 5 mm and having a range of not less than 25 romshall be used. At the loaded end dial micrometers graduated in 0025 mmwill be satisfactory but a range of at least 125 rom should be provided anda range of25 rom is desirable see Note .

    NOTE - One type of apparatus that has been found satisfactory is shown in Fig. 1.The dial micrometers are mounted on suitable yokes which are attached to the concretespecimen with set screws. At the unloaded end of the ba r the gauge ra n be adjustedby means of the threaded bolt with which it is attached to the yoke. At the loaded endof the bar adjustment is accomplished by changing the height of the rap screws on theends of the cross -bar on which the stems of the dial micrometers bear. The spli t r ingcross-bar is attached to the reinforcing ba r through four screws in the arms of the crossbar which bring the gasket rubber lining into firm contact with the reinforcing bar.The three set screws as mown are used to ensure additional cross-bar contact. Thecross-bar rests in a slot machined in the intermediate bearing plate.2.3 Testing Machine - The testing machine may be of ny reliable type,of sufficient capacity for the tests and capable of applying the load at the ratespecified in 4.2. The bearing surface of the concrete cube shall be supportedon a square machined steel plate of size no t less than the size of the test cube see 3.1 and 20 mm thick with a hole drilled through its centre of sufficientdiameter to accommodate the reinforcing bar. If a cross-bar measuringapparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 1 is used this plate should be supported on a steel block at least 125 mm in diameter and 75 rom thick. Thisblock should have a central hole to accommodate the reinforcing bar and inaddition on its top side should have a diametral slot and central hole ofdimensions sufficient to accommodate the cross-bar. This slotted blockshall rest in turn on a spherically seated bearing block at least 25 mm indiameter and having a central hole at least 40 mm in diameter see Fig. 1 .2.4 Tamping Rod - The tamping rod shall be a round straight steel rod15 mm in diameter and approximately 06 m in length having the tampingend rounded to a hemispherical tip, 15 mm in diameter.3. TEST SPECIMENS3.1 Size or the Teat Specimen - The test specimens shall consist ofconcrete cubes of size given below with a single reinforcing bar embeddedvertically along a central axis in each specimen. The bar shall project downfor a distance of about 10 rom from the bot tom face of the cube as cast andshall project upward from the top face whatever distance is necessary toprovide sufficient length of bar to extend through the bearing blocks and thesupport of the testing machine and to provide an adequate length to begripped for application of load:

    i meter the Bars

    Up to and including 12Over 12 up to and including 25 mmOver 25 mm

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    18 I 2770 Part I ) 19670.0011 DI L GAU.

    O N \ f t W ~ JI I WIT GI I IAftI II It II II I r o OOII : J OI L OAUO[

    LOWER VOKX bOTTEO i T5EL. . . .O L K

    ~ ~ I 5 ~ L I \ ~ ~ k [ 0

    RO T VIEW SlOE VIEW

    SECTION XX

    All dimensions in millimetres.Flo. 1 TYPIOAL MBAIURINO ND TamNO ApPARATUS POR BoND TEST3.1.1 The cube shall be reinforced with a helix of 6 mm diameter plainmild steel reinforcing bar conforming to Grade I of IS: 432 (Part 1)1966 or IS: 226-1962t at 25 mm pitch, such that the outer diameter ofSpecification for mild steel and medium tensile .teet ban and hard-drawn steel wirefor concrete reinforcement: Part I Mild steel and medium tensile steel ban J Ofttl pision .tspecification for struetura steel (Itandard qua1ity) third m;.,,).

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    IS 2770 Part I ) IM 7th e helix is equal to th e size of t he c ube , e ac h en d of th e helix being weldedto th e n ex t tu rn.3.1.2 The average compressive strength of three cub es representing th econcrete used for test specimen in 3.t, made and tested in accordance withrelevant requirements of IS : 516-1959 shall be 200 to 300 kg/cm l at th etime of m ak in g t he pull-out tests. If th e range of th e compression strengthof three cubes tested exceeds 50 kg/em , th e test series shall be discarded.All test specimens an d th e control cubes required to establish the strength ofconcrete shall be c ur ed u nd er similar conditions.3.1.3 For th e purpose of comparing bond resistance of deformed bars an dplain bars, th e concrete used in both tests should be of th e same mix, strength,ag e and curing. The bars to be tested shall also be of same cross-sectionalarea an d have similar surface conditions see Note under 5.2.1 ).

    3.2 Preparation of Te.t Specimea3 2 1 Bars - Loose scale an d rust shall be thoroughly removed from th ebars by wire brushing an d bars inspected to ensure that they are free fromgrease, paint, or other coatings w hi ch w oul d affect their bond. Suitablesolutions m y also be applied, if necessary, to clean th e grease or oil. Theend o f th e reinforcing bars on which the stem of th e dial gauge is to bear inth e test, shall be ground to a reasonably smooth surface normal to th e axes ofth e bars.3 2 2 Mixing oncrete - Except in those tests for which the method ofmixing concrete is a controlled v ar ia bl e, t he concrete shall be mixed inaccordance with t he r el ev an t r eq ui re me nt s of th e method of making andcuring concrete compression test specimens in t he l ab or at or y specified inIS : 5161959*. The consistency of each batch ofconcrete shall be measuredimmediately after mixing. When the air content of the freshly mixedconcrete is also required to be known, the determination shall be made ina cc or da nc e w it h t he relevant requirements of IS : 1199-1959t.3 2 3 oulding and uring Specimens - Except in those tests for w hi ch t he

    method of placing concrete in moulds is a controlled variable, th e specimensshall be moulded and cured in accordance with the requirements of themethod of making and curing concrete compression test specimen in laboratory compaction by hand) specified in IS : 5161959 se Note). Afterth e to p layer s b ee n r od de d, t he surface shall be struck off with a troweland covered with d am p b ur la p to prevent evaporation.

    N o n f concrete of very dry consistency i used, the recommended procedure ofcompacting by rodding may prove unaatialactory. In NCh cuea, it i reccmmendedMethodl or telt tor Itrenrth of concrete.tMetboda ollampUn, and anaJ IiI 1concrete.

    7

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    18 2770 P a r t I 1967that placement by vibration used. Internal vibration y means of a laboratory type tl o w-a mp li t ud e . h ig h-fre qu en cy vibrator i. preferable. The concrete shall bellacedin th e moulds in two layer. of equal thickness and each l ay er s ha ll be vibrate untilth e concrete is compacted. Care shall be taken no t to vibrate th e concrete excessively,unless this factor being investigated in th e tests,

    3. 3 N u m b e r o f Specimen. - At least three specimens of th e deformed barsubmitted for test and three comparative specimens of plain bars of th esame effective cross-sectional area as th e deformed bars under test, shall beprepared and tested.3.4 Preparing Specimen8 ror Te.ting - Top surface of th e cube, whichis t he b ea ri ng surface in th e pull-out test, shall be c ap pe d w it h a thin layerof neat cement paste at least 24 h prior to testing, or a thin layer of highs tr en gt h g yp su m p la st er shall be applied at least 2 h prior to testing sNote .NOTE - The recommended procedure for capping specimens is as follows:

    Align the reinforcing bar in th e bond specimens vert icall y by use of a carpenter slevel. In this case, placing th e specimens on th e base of mould vertically castspecimens will facilitate w e of shims generally required to align bars. Oi l the 20 mmdrilled steel plate used in th e pull-out operation an d use as the capping plate. Aftera sufficient quantity of capping material has b ee n p la ce d on th e specimen slip th e20 rom drilled p la te o ve r t he reinforcing b ar a nd press firmly on t he c ap pi ng m at er ia luntil it extrudes at all edges of th e plate, Level the drilled plate with a carpenter slevel. Removal of t he m a te ri al that extrudes t hr ou gh t he drilled hole in t he p la tebefore it hardens will ai d in removing t he p la te w it ho ut d am ag e to t he c ap . Unlessmachined moulds ar e used for specimens containing h oriz on ta ll y c as t ban it isrecommended that they also be capped.4. TEST PROCEDURE4.1 The test specimen shall be mounted in a suitable testing machine insuch a manner that th e bar is pulled axially from th e cube. The en d of th ebar at which the pul l is applied shall be that which projects from th e topface of the cube as cast.

    4.1.1 In assembling the testing apparatus on th e specimen th e distanceb et we en t he face of the concrete and the poi nt on t he l oad ed en d of thereinforcing bar at which the device for measuring slip is .at tached, shallbe carefully measured so that th e elongation of th e bar over this distancemay be calculated and deducted from the measured slip.4.2 The load shall be applied to the reinforcing bar at a ra te not greaterthan 2 250 kg/min or at no-load speed of the testing m ac hi ne h ea d of no tgreater than 125 mm/min depending on th e type of testing machineused and th e means provided for ascertaining or controlling speeds.4.3 The movement between th e reinforcing bar an d th e concrete cube asindicated by th e dial micrometers shall be read at a sufficient number ofintervals throughout the test to provide at least 15 readings y the time

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    IS : 2770 P a r t I ) 1967a slip of 025 mm has occurred at the loaded en d of the bar. The dial micrometers shall be read at th e loaded and unloaded ends and reading recordedto an estimated 01 of th e least division of th e dial.

    4.3.1 The loading shall be continued and readings of movements recordedat appropriate intervals until:a) th e yield point of th e rei nforcing b ar s has b een r ea ch ed ,b) th e enclosing c on cre te has failed the type of failure shall benoted ), orc) a minimum slippage of 2-5 mm has occurred at th e l oa de d e nd .

    4.3.1.1 The maximum load for each type of failure shall be recorded.4.4 Fo r th e purpose of comparison th e bond resistance of deformed bars andp la in bars, the comparison of bond s tre ng th s s hal l be made on th e basisof the average bond stresses calculated from th e loads at a measured slip of0 025 mm at free end. It is recommended that when comparing plainand deformed bars, the c om pl et e load-slip curves of both should also beplotted. The following details shall be recorded:

    a) The load at a slip of 0025 mm at th e free end, andb) The load at a slip of 0 25 mm at th e free end.

    s. CALCULATION OF BOND STRESS5.1 The slip at the loaded end of th e bar sha ll be c al cu la te d as th e averageof th e readings of th e two d ia l gauges, c orr ec te d for th e elongation of th ereinforcing bar in th e distance between the bearing surface of th e concreteblock and point on th e reinforcing bar at which th e measuring device wasattached.

    NOTE - Th eo re ti ca ll y, a s imi lar c or re ct io n is required for the compression of thecon crete b etween the b earing surface an d the point at which the yoke holding thedials is attached, the apparatus illustr ated in Fig. I is wed. This movement, however, is usually v ry small an d ma y e neglected.5.2 Fo r th e purpose of this test, th e average bond stress shall be th e valueobtained for each specimen, by dividing th e applied load at th e slipspecified, by th e surface area of th e embedded length of th e bar; and thentaking th e average value for the group of e ac h t yp e o f b ar in th e test series.

    5.2.1 Fo r deformed bars, th e surface shall be calculated from th e nominalsize of th e deformed bar as specified in th e relevant standard specification.N o n - pe r IS : 1139-1966, the nominal iu of a deformed ba r it equivalent tothe diameter or aide of plain r having the same weight pe r metre ru n as thedeformed bar,

    Specification for hot rolled mild steel an d medium tensile steel deformed n forconcrete reinforcement 1Visfd .

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    IS I 2770 Part I 19676. RE ORD OF RESULTS6.1 The following details shall be recorded:

    a The crushing strength of the concrete cube a t an age correspondingto the age of the specimen at the t ime of making the pull-out tests,b The age of specimen,c The load at a slip of 0-025 mm at the free end,d The load at a slip of 0-25 nun at the free end,e The slips at free and loaded ends at regular intervals of loading, andf The maximum load at failure and the type of failure.

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    BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSHeadquartersM an ak Bh av an, 9 B ah ad ur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002Telephones: 323 0131 323 3375 3239402 Fax: 91 011 3234062 3239399 3239382E mall. [email protected]. Website: http://www.bis.org.inCentr Laboratory :Plot No. 2 19 Site IV, Sahibabad Industrial Area, Sahibabad 201010Reglonsl Offices:Central: M an ak B ha va n, 9 B ah ad ur S ha h Zatar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002-Eastem: 1/14 CIT Scheme VII, V.I.P. Road, Kankurgachi, CALCUTTA 700054Northern: SCQ 335-336 Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022Southern: C.I.T. Campus IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 6001131Western : Manakalaya, E9, MIDC, Behind Maral Telephone Exchange,

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