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INTRODUCTION TO THE KONRAD REPOSITORY
Peter Brennecke
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS)
Salzgitter, Germany
IAEA - DISPONET Workshop
" Waste Acceptance Criteria For Disposal of Very Low,
Low, and Intermediate Level Waste "
Peine / Salzgitter, Germany, September 28 - 30, 2010
Basic Responsibilities
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz is
the competent authority for the
construction and the operation of
repositories (Section 23, Atomic
Energy Act)
The Federal State (Bund) has to
construct facilities for engineered
long-term storage and disposal of
radioactive waste (Section 9a,
Atomic Energy Act)
Geological Cross Section of the Konrad Site
iron ore deposit
(Upper Jurassic, Malm)
12 to 18 m thick
thick mudstone layers
(Lower Cretaceous)
200 to 400 m thick
Geology of the Konrad Site
• Iron ore sediment deposited about 150 million years ago during
the Upper Jurassic (Malm).
• Sedimentary oolithic iron ore layer (12 m to 14 m thick)
stratigraphically forms part of the Middle Coral Oolith.
• Overlying Cretaceous strata mainly consist of clayish rock and
completely cover the iron ore sediment by a transgression.
• Actual geological barrier to near-surface groundwater built up
by Lower Cretaceous clay layers (Thickness of the over-burden
barrier: 200 m to 400 m).
• Good quality of the Upper Cretaceous barrier proved by means
of a variety of laboratory analyses.
Konrad Repository Project - Time-table
1975 Preliminary Investigations
1982 License Application
1992 / 1993 Public Inquiry (75 days, about
290,000 objections)
2002 Issue of the License
2007 Termination of the Court Cases, License Valid
2007 / 2009 Preparation of Construction Work
2009 Start of Construction Work
Konrad Licensing Procedure (1)
• On August 31, 1982, PTB applied for a license to turn the
former iron ore mine into a repository.
• Additional site investigations performed by BGR between
1982 and 1989.
• Definition of “non - heat generating waste“: rock temperature
increase < 3 K by waste package emplacement.
• Final license application in April 1990 (version 4/90).
• Public display of documents and public participation in 1991.
• Longest public hearing in a German nuclear licensing
process from September 1992 to March 1993 for 75 days.
Konrad Licensing Procedure (2)
• Agreement between the Federal Government and
German utilities on June 14, 2000:
Termination of the Konrad licensing procedure
according to law.
Withdrawal of application for immediate
enforcement.
• Withdrawal realized by BfS 3 days later.
• License issued by the competent licensing authority
NMU on May 22, 2002.
• Duration of licensing procedure: about 20 years.
Konrad Repository - Court Cases
• License was immediately sued by several communities and private persons.
• Decision of the Higher Administrative Court (OVG) Lüneburg on March 8, 2006:
License issued for the Konrad repository on May 22, 2002, is legal.
Court rejected all safety - related objections of the plaintiffs.
Court denied possibility of lodging an appeal.
• Plaintiffs complained about the non - admission of an appeal at the Federal Administrative Court (BVG Leipzig).
• BVG Leipzig rejected complaint on March 27, 2007.
Konrad Repository (1)
Mudstone overburden 300
m to 400 m thick; no
connection to ground-
water - bearing horizons
Main
characteristics
800 m to 1,300 mEmplacement
depth
Coral Oolite, about 150
million years oldHost rock
Salzgitter, Federal State of
Lower Saxony, GermanyLocation
Abandoned iron ore mineHistory
Type of waste Radioactive waste with negligible heat generation (i.e., LLW and ILW, short-lived and long-lived)
Volume of waste packages
Planned: about 650,000 m3
Licensed: max. 303,000 m3
Expected: about 280,000 m3 until 2040
Total activity Licensed: 5.0 · 1018 Bq /-emitter
1.5 · 1017 Bq -emitter
Expected: 8.0 · 1016 Bq until 2040
Period of operation 30 (to about 40) years - to be decided
Konrad Repository (2)
old mining areas,
not for disposal
excavation for radioactive waste
sewage
shaft
Konrad 1
shaft
Konrad 2
disposal of
radioactive waste
emplacement
area (controlled
area)
Main features:
• Strict separation of
waste package and debris
transports
• Parallel ventilation of
conventional and nuclear
areas
fresh air
return air (conventional)
return air (contaminated)
debris transport path
transport path for
radioactive waste
Konrad Repository Operational and Ventilation Scheme
Planned
new buildings
Shaft Konrad 1Future function:
• Air intake shaft
• Transport of
material and staff
Aerial view of 2002
Shaft Area Konrad 1
Planned
new buildings
Aerial view of 2002 Future function:
• Exhaust air shaft
• Waste disposal shaft
Shaft Area Konrad 2
Project Target: Konrad Repository Construction
Construction of a Repository for Radioactive Waste with Negligible
Heat Generation (i.e., LLW and ILW, short-lived and long-lived)
according to:
• the Regulations and Instructions of the Konrad License, and of
• four Water Law Permits, as well as
• about 560 Additional Requirements and 18 Hints Imposed by the
Licensing Authority, and
• Observing the Regulations Given in the Main Operating Plan.