Introduction to Elizabeth An Age and Shakespeare

8/3/2019 Introduction to Elizabeth An Age and Shakespeare

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TheTheElizabethanElizabethan

EraEra1558155816031603

TheTheElizabethanElizabethan

EraEra1558155816031603

WilliamWilliamShakespeareShakespeare

26 April 156426 April 1564

23 April 161623 April 1616

WilliamWilliamShakespeareShakespeare

26 April 156426 April 1564

23 April 161623 April 1616


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The Elizabethan Age

The Elizabethan Age

History

HistoryPolitics and

Law

Politics and

LawLife

Life Women

Women Theatre

Theatre Literature

Literature


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450 1066

Anglo -

Saxon

Period1500

Middle

English

Period1660The Renaissance

1558 1603

Elizabethan Age

1603 -1625 Jacobean Age

1625 1649 Caroline

Age

A Journey Through TimeA Journey Through Time

1649 1669

Commonwealth Period


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1660 1785The

Neo-Classical

Period

1830The Romantic

Period1901

1848 - 1860 The Pre-

Raphaelites

A Journey Through TimeA Journey Through Time

1880 - 1901

Aestheticism and

Decadence

1660 1700 The

Restoration

1700 -1745 Age

of Pope

1745 - 1785 Age of

Johnson

1832

The Victorian

Period


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History

The Elizabethan Era is namedafter the greatest Queens ofEngland - Queen Elizabeth I.

The Elizabethan Era is not

only famous for the VirginQueen but also for the eraitself - Great Explorers, suchas Sir Francis Drake andWalter Raleigh.

The era of the very firstTheatres in England - WilliamShakespeare, the globeTheatre and ChristopherMarlowe!

7 September 1533

24 March 1603


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Her life was surrounded byscandal and dangers but shesurvived to become the mostaccomplished monarch of theTudors.

She ruled England during theperiod of the Tudors whenwomen had very few rights andwere viewed as subservient to allmen.

Queen Elizabeth learned the needfor strong secular leadershipdevoid of religious bigotry.Mary, Queen of England and

Ireland (Elizabeths sister)

History


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Qu

een Elizabeth I (1558-1603) ruled Englandand helped her country become a leading naval

and commercial power in the western world.

Sir Francis Drake sailed his ship around theworld and became one of the most popular

English sea captains in history.

In the 16th century, London was beingtransformed. Its population grew 400% during

the 1500s, to nearly 200,000 people in the city

and outlying areas.

The plague known as the Black Death, which

swept through England and Europe, was themajor cause of death during this time. This

disease was carried by rats living in the streets.

Unfortunately, only the very rich were able to

afford doctors and many people died.

ShakespearesShakespearesEnglandEngland

Queen Elizabeth ruled

England as a single woman

She was really quite amazing!

Some people believe Drake mayhave dated the Queen!

Some scholars believe that over half the

population of Europe died because of

the plague!


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Politics and LawPolitics and Law

Elizabethan Tortures wereexcruciatingly painful andviolent. Various means oftortures were use to extract

confessions for crime. Crimes were met with violent,

cruel punishments.

Many punishments and

executions were witnessed bymany hundreds of people.

The Lower Classes treated suchevents as exciting days out.


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Other things were also happening

In 1570 Giambattista della Porta inventedthe pinhole camera.

The Danish astronomer, Tycho Brahe,was the first to observe a supernova in

1572.

William Lee of England invented the firstknitting machine in 1589.

In 1599 the Globe Theater was built.

James VI of Scotland ascended to theEnglish throne after the death of

Elizabeth I in 1603.

English settler John Rolfe marriedPocahontas in 1614.

ShakespearesShakespearesEnglandEngland

A pinhole camera was a camera without

a lens. The light producing the image

passed through a small hole in order to

make a clear image.

Knit one, purl two


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LifeLife It was the time of the

Renaissance - new ideas inscience and technology.

Queen Elizabeth wasProtestant but was tolerantto the Catholics.

The development ofprinting produced more

books and cheappamphlets which were inthe reach of mostEnglishmen.

Between 1550 and 1570many of England's famous

schools and colleges werefounded.


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e -

Entertainment

Elizabethan Entertainment wasextremely important to people.

The lives of Elizabethans were hard,the mortality rate was high due tofrequent outbreaks of the BubonicPlague and life expectation was low.

Court entertainment was regular,

often a nightly occurrence combinedwith feasts, jousts and banquetsoften accompanied by music anddancing.

Poor people enjoyed entertainmentfrom acting troupes, tournaments,dancing, trained animals, mummers(dancers), mystery plays, jugglers

and strolling players. Tournaments, Games, Sports,

Gaming and Gambling also played animportant part in Elizabethanentertainment.


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LifeLife -- Customs &Customs &

FestivalsFestivals

LifeLife -- Customs &Customs &

FestivalsFestivals Elizabethan Customs & Festivals

played a major role in ElizabethanLife.

The Feasts, Fairs and Festivalswere all held at the same time ofyear giving Elizabethan peoplesomething to look forward to intheir everyday Elizabethan lives.

The Customs and Festivals weregenerally related to the Church.

All Elizabethans were expected toattend Church every Sunday sowere very aware of the customsand festivals which were

celebrated within the Churchcalendar.

A Wedding Festival 1569


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EducationEducation

Boys were educated to be useful members of society.

The language of literacy throughout Europe was Latin, and students

were expected to be proficient in it.

Boys started school at the age of six or seven. Their typical school day

ran from 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Classroom discipline was strict, and often involved corporeal

punishment.

Formal schooling was not encouraged for girls unless they were the

children of nobility.

For those who were educated, schooling focused primarily on chastity

and the skills of housewifery.


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Elizabethan Women were:

Subservient to men.

Dependent on their male relatives to support them.

Used to forge alliances with other powerful families througharranged marriages.

Raised to believe that they were inferior to men and that men

knew better! Tutored at home - there were no schools for girls

Not allowed to enter University

Could not be heirs to their father's titles ( except female royals)

Could not become Doctors or Lawyers

Did not have the vote and were not allowed to enter politics

No Elizabethan women in the Army or Navy

Not allowed to act in the theatres

Women


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Understanding the subservient role of

Elizabethan women provides an understanding as to

why Queen Elizabeth was reluctant to marry.

All of her immediate male relatives had died.

She was answerable to no male member of the family.

Had she married all this would have changed.

Elizabeth would have been expected to

obey her husband


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Elizabethan WomenElizabethan Women --

AppearanceAppearance An Elizabethan woman aged quickly during

this era.

Constant child bearing and pregnancies tookits toll on a woman's body.

Face make-up was applied to acquire a palelook.

The make-up was lead based and thereforepoisonous - Elizabethan women who appliedthis make-up were often ill and if it was used insufficient quantities it would result in death.

The dress and clothing of Elizabethan women

was a series of different layers. Uncomfortablecorsets were worn to create the desired lookdictated by fashion.

The type of clothing worn by Elizabethanwomen was dictated by the Sumptuary Laws!


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Eli b h S i d ClEli b h S i d Cl

Eli b h S i d ClEli b h S i d Cl


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Elizabethan society was based on ones ranking in society andthe Queens view of ones standing.

In Elizabethan England, there were new nobles and oldnobles.

Most of the new nobles were Protestant. Most of the old nobles

were RomanC

atholic.

The high offices granted by the Queen brought great financialburdens.

The honorific titles were unpaid, and when foreign dignitariesvisited England, they were housed and entertained at theexpense of the nobility.

The highest and most expensive honor was that of housing theQueen and her household as she went on public tours and visitsthroughout the country.

Elizabethan Society and ClassElizabethan Society and Class

StructureStructure

Elizabethan Society and ClassElizabethan Society and Class

StructureStructure


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Literature

The Elizabethan era saw a

great flourishing of literature,

especially in the field of

drama.

A Rediscovery of the ancient

Greek and Roman theatre,

and this was instrumental in

the development of the new

drama.


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Literature

Some writers from the period:

* William Shakespeare

*Christopher Marlowe

*B

en Jonson * Edmund Spenser

* John Fletcher

* Thomas Kyd

* Thomas Middleton

* Thomas Nashe

* John Webster

* John Donne

* Philip Sidney


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TheatreTheatre The theatre of England,

largely based in London,

which occurred between the

Reformation and the closure

of the theatres in 1642.

It includes the drama of

William Shakespeare,

Christopher Marlowe and

many other world-famousplaywrights.


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AllAll the Worlds a Stagethe Worlds a Stage

The first Globe Theatre was builtin 1599 during the Elizabethan

age. It was round shaped with the

roof partly covered.

People did not go to plays at nightbecause there was no electricity.

The only source of light for the

stage was the sun; this is why the

middle of the theater was open tothe sky.


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Theatre

The introduction of Theatre

:

A cheap form of

entertainment for the LowerClasses.

A means to influence the

masses.

The history of England was

played out in the vivid

historical plays by

playwrights such as William

Shakespeare.

A 1596 sketch of a performance

in progress on the thrust stage of

The Swan, a typical circular

Elizabethan open-roof

playhouse.

TheatreTheatre


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Women and girls were not allowed toact in plays. In the Elizabethan era, it

was not socially acceptable for a

woman to perform on stage.

Men played the roles of women and

young boys played the roles of girls.

In order for the people to know thegenre of play being performed, a flag

was flown over the theater.

The color of the flag indicated the genreof the play: white stood for comedy,

black for tragedy, and red for history.

Could you imagine that happening today?

Remember, actors did not have the respect or the

paycheck then, as they do today!

And All The Men & Women Merely Players.And All The Men & Women Merely Players.

Youre a grand old flag, youre a high

flying flag!


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Theatre The Elizabethan Theatres started in the cobbled courtyards of Inns

- they were called Inn-yards.

As many as 500 people would attend play performances.

There was clearly some considerable profit to be made in theatricalproductions.

It was the idea of James Burbage (an actor) to construct the firstpurpose-built theatre - it was called 'The Theatre'. It was based onthe style of the old Greek and Roman open-air amphitheatres.

However, profit dropped in the winter as people would not venture

to the cold open arenas of these massive Elizabethan Theatres.

Playhouses were therefore used for many winter productions.Many of the playhouses were converted from other existingbuildings - all productions were staged in the comparative warmthof these indoor Elizabethan Theatres.

TheatreTheatre


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Costumes

Since Elizabethan theatre did not

make use of lavish scenery,

instead leaving the stage largely

bare with a few key props, the

main visual appeal on stage wasin the costumes.

Costumes were often bright in

color and visually entrancing.

Costumes were expensive,

however, so usually players

wore contemporary clothing

regardless of the time period of

the play.


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Stage directions tell the actorswhen they should be on the stage

and what they should do while on stage.

The directions are easy to find while reading

because they are in italics or {brackets}. Stage

directions are usually a couple of words like:

{They fight}.

Shakespeare used these stage directions the

most:

Enter someone walks onto the stage

Exit one person leaves the stage

Exeunt more than one person leaves

the stage

StageStage DirectionDirection

When reading the play, dont read the

stage directions out loud. Try to

visualize the characters following the

directions.


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In order to better understand Shakespeares playsplay, it is good to understand some of the

terminology Shakespeare uses in the writing of his

plays. The language is called Elizabethan English,

named afterQueen Elizabeth the I.

ere ~ the old English word forbefore

hence ~ the old English word forhere

swearst ~ the old English word forswear

thee, thy, thou ~ are old English words for you

thine ~ the old English word foryour

wert ~ the old English word forwere

wherefore ~ the old English word forwhy

Elizabethan EnglishElizabethan English


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Plays are divided into acts, much like the

chapters in a book. They are short

performances that are part of a longer

story. A lot of things happen in an act so

writers break the acts down into scenes.

The scenes within the act help to break

down the story into even smaller pieces so

that the entire performance is easier to

understand.

ActsActs and Scenesand Scenes

Act 1 scene 2


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GenreGenre

The play is considered a tragedy: agenre, or kind of literature in

which the main character suffers

great sorrow or is brought to ruin.

A tragedy is usually the

consequence of a persons tragicflaw, moral weakness, or an

inability to cope with a bad

situation.

In a tragedy, the ending is unhappy,

yet has purpose or meaning. Thereis a lesson to learn from the events

in the story.

Can you think of any character

in the books you have read who

might have had a tragic flaw?

and the moral of the story is?

While reading, try to identify some of the lessons

Shakespeare was trying to teach.


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ThemeTheme

A theme is the main idea of the

story, or the message the author

wants the reader to understand.

The message is usually about life,

society or human nature.

In The Tragedy of Romeo and

Juliet, there are many themes

Shakespeare wanted the reader to

understand a lot about people.

While there are many themes in the

play, love, hate, and fate play

important roles.

hate

love

fate


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thth


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Meet the author of

THETRAGEDY OF

ROMEO & JULIET

William Shakespeare

AboutAbout thethe AuthorAuthor

AbAb


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AboutAbout the Authorthe Author

That is a lot of writing!

Shakespeare was born in Stratford,

England in 1564, but no one knows

the actual day of Shakespeares birth!

He wrote 37 plays as well as 154

sonnets, but Shakespeare neverpublished any of his plays!

Shakespeare is considered thegreatest writer in the English

language.

Surprisingly, Shakespeare's family

was illiterate!

StratfordStratford

LondonLondon

Illiterate means they could

not read or write! Imagine

that!

Look at the map.

It gives a good idea

where Stratford is located.

Ab tAb t


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5858

AboutAbout the Authorthe Author

Shakespeare had 3 Kids:Shakespeare had 3 Kids:

SusannaSusanna (Baptised 6 months(Baptised 6 months

after their wedding)after their wedding)

Twins:Twins: HamnetHamnet andand JudithJudith

Hamnet died at age 11.Hamnet died at age 11.

Sh k Odd & E dSh k Odd & E d


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Shakespeare Odds & EndsShakespeare Odds & Ends

Lets see, that made himonly 1, 2, 3 52!

There are stories that Shakespeare

fled Stratford because he stole a

deer; he did not want to be

prosecuted.

We really dont know whatShakespeare looked like because

his portrait was never painted while

he was alive.

Shakespeare died in 1615.

All of Shakespeares grandchildrendied he had no descendents.

Doe, a dear, a female dear

Why do you think they didnt

just use a camera?

ThTh


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The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet is nota book; it is a play. A play shows you the

story while a book tells you the story.

Plays were meant to be watched,

not read. To help understand

the play, try to picture in your mind:

a) the characters actions

b) what they look like

c) how they talk

Just pretend you are right there with thecharacters; what do you see and hear?

While reading the play, make a list

of these characteristics.

TheThePlayPlay

D Y K ?D Y K ?


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While no one is sure when The Tragedy ofRomeo and Julietwas first performed, it is

believed that it was sometime between

1594 and 1595.

Romeo and Julietwas first printed around

1597.

The story ofRomeo and Julietwas basedon real lovers from Verona who died for

each other in the year 1303.

The Capulets and Montagues really didlive in Verona.

Boy, that sure was a long, long

time ago!

OH NO! You mean this really

happened? It wasnt just some

story Shakespeare made up?Now this really is a tragedy!

Did You Know?Did You Know?

T d R & HT d R & H


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Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy whichmeans sad things happen. The play is

about love and death.

Youll find romance in the play watchout for Romeo, he really knows how to

get a girls attention.

The play has humor in it, too. Romeoand his friends joke around with one

another.

Juliets nurse is a funny character; besure to reread her lines.

Many people cry at the end of the

play because the main characters

die.

Tragedy, Romance & HumorTragedy, Romance & Humor

ThTh SS


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TheThe SettingSetting

The setting is the time, the

place, and the social environment

that surrounds the characters.

The setting is identified byobserving what the characters

see, hear, feel, etc.

The setting is important because

it often creates the mood of the

story as well as gives hints about

what may happen.

Lets get started looking at the

setting ofRomeo and Juliet.

The time period is the 13th or

14th

century in Italy. Bothparents are rich; they dress in

fancy clothes and have many

servants.

Now that you know this, lets

look at other setting details.

Verona ItalyVerona Italy


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Romeo and Juliet lived in Verona

with their families.

Today, because of the popularity of

William Shakespeares The Tragedyof Romeo and Juliet, many tourists

come to Verona to see the Casa di

Giulietta or The House of Juliet. No

one really knows if this was Juliets

house, but a statue of Juliet stands

in the courtyard.

Verona, ItalyVerona, Italy

Verona

ThTh S VS V


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TheThe Streets of VeronaStreets of Verona

Many of the characters in the play fightin the streets of Verona. In fact, a lot of

fighting takes place there.

In spite of its medieval churches andancient squares, todays Verona is quite

a modern and industrial city.

The Cap let HomeThe Cap let Home


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Another place where a lot of

action takes place is inside Juliets

home.

The masquerade ball (at the

beginning of the play) is in Juliets

home.

The famous balcony scene takesplace outside Juliets bedroom.

Juliets parents were quite

wealthy. Their home was more

like a manor or small palace.

Juliets father loved to show off

his money, but only to family

members.

Juliets bedroom was so huge

it had its own balcony!

The Capulet HomeThe Capulet Home

S lil iS lil i


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Sometimes in a play characters talk to

themselves out loud and some talk for quitea long time. When characters do this, it is

called a soliloquy.

Shakespeare often uses the soliloquy in his

plays to let a character to express their

private thoughts and feelings. Thesespeeches are performed when the character

is alone on the stage. Soliloquies are a way

for the audience to connect and better

understand that character.

Like the soliloquy, the aside is on stage, butaway from the other characters. The actor

either speaks an aside to himself or

secretively to another character. Sometimes

the actor speaks directly to the audience. A

clever device really!

SoliloquiesSoliloquies and Asidesand Asides

Bl k VBl k V


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Blank VerseBlank Verse

Aristocratic and or important people typically speak in blank verse.

Blank verse is poetry that doesnt rhyme. It is written in iambicpentameter. For example:

They are the fact ion O con spir a cy

Shamst thou to show thy dang rous brow by night

(2.1.77-79).

.

. . . .

. . .

.

.

Pentameter means the iambic pattern

is repeated five times in the line.

Iambic pentameter is when an

unstressed syllable is followed by a

stressed syllable.

ForeshadowingForeshadowing


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Foreshadowing:hints about what is going to happen

It isnt difficult to figure out what

is going to happen to Romeo and

Juliet. After all, the prologue tells us

that the star-crossed lovers take theirlife (Shakespeare).

While reading the play, there are many

hints or clues that support the prologue.

Put your detective skills to work;look for these clues while reading the

play.

ForeshadowingForeshadowing

F h d i

H Sh k D i d Hi PlH Sh k D i d Hi Pl


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ForeshadowingHow Shakespeare Designed His PlaysHow Shakespeare Designed His Plays

ACT I

Exposition

ACT III

Turning Point

ACT IV

Falling Action

ACT VClimax & Resolution

ACT II

Rising Action

Shakespeares plays can usually be divided into five parts, and follow

the same pattern that looks something like this:

F h d i

H Sh k D i d Hi PlH Sh k D i d Hi Pl


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Foreshadowing

The exposition tells us the

setting, explains the background,

introduces the characters, and

introduces the problem.

Rising action is when the

main character takes actionto try and resolve the problem

in ACT I

The turning point of

the story is when the maincharacter makes a choice. This

choice determines if the ending

will be happy or sad.

The falling action is the event/s

that are a result of the choice

made at the turning point.The character falls deeper

into tragedy.

The climax, or when the reader knows

who wins the conflict, is at the end of

the story. Usually the main characters

die. Resolution occurs and the

unfinished parts of the play are resolved.

How Shakespeare Designed His PlaysHow Shakespeare Designed His Plays

TheThe CharactersCharacters


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A protagonistis

a main character

who is a

good person.

An antagonistis

a person or thing

that is againstthe protagonist.

Protagonist Antagonist

Characters are the people in the story. There are many different kinds of

characters in a story, just like there are many different people in the world.


Whos Who in the PlayWhos Who in the Play


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Who s Who in the PlayWho s Who in the Play

Characters are the people in the story.There are many different kinds of

characters in a story, just as there are

many different people in the world.

The Capulets

Lord and Lady Capulet are Juliets

parents. They were a noble family,

which meant they were wealthy

and important in Veronas society.

The Capulets were r uthless and

liked things to be done their way.

The Montagues

Lord and Lady Montague are

Romeos parents. They were a

noble family, and one of the

richest and most powerf ul

families in Veronas society. The

Montagues were nice, butlooked down on the Capulets.

The CharactersThe Characters


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Romeo Juliet

Romeo is the main character in the play who is

full of passion and romantic feelings. He rushes

into things before thinking them through.

Juliet is also a main character in the play. She

is only 13, but does not act like a child. A

very strong-willed character, Juliet and falls

for Romeo instantly..

These two are the most important characters in the novel.



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Lord Capulet Lady Capulet

Lord Capulet is Juliets father and aninfluential member of Veronas society. He

loves his daughter, Juliet, but demands her

obedience.

Lady Capulet is Juliets mother, and alsoinfluential in Veronas society. However, Lady

Capulet is ambitious. In order for her to move

up in Veronas society, Lady Capulet wants

Juliet to marry a wealthy man.




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Lord Montague Lady Montague

Lord Montague is Romeos father, wealthy

and important, he loves his son and is worried

about Romeos happiness.

Lady Montague is Romeos mother. She is a

very kind, but an emotional, woman who loves

her son and husband.




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Benvolio Mercutio

Benvolio is Romeos cousin and friend. He is

the peacemaker in the play and tries to stop

every fight that is started.

Mercutio is Romeos best friend. He is a bit of

a jokester, and always teases other characters

in the play. Unfortunately, Mercutios teasing

angers the wrong person.




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Tybalt Prince Escalus

Tybalt is Juliets cousin. He is a real hothead who fights just about everyone in the play.

Tybalt thinks he is fighting for the honor of his

family.

The prince rules Verona. He is the head ofVeronas courts who makes sure both the

Capulets and Montagues keep the peace.




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The Nurse Friar Lawrence

The nurse is Juliets nanny. She is a realcharacter who loves and cares for Juliet as if

Juliet were her own daughter.

The friar is Romeos counselor and friend. He isgood and kind, and hopes that, by marrying

Romeo to Juliet, the long time family feud will

end.




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The County Paris

The County Paris is a count an importantnobleman. He is related to the Prince and has

asked Juliets father for Juliets hand in

marriage.

The servants serve both the Capulets and theMontagues. They help to spark the feud between

the Capulets and the Montagues.

The Servants


The PrologueThe Prologue


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The PrologueThe Prologue

Prologue

Many years ago a feud broke outbetween two of Veronas noblefamilies: the Capulets and theMontagues.

The feud was so bad that their family

members killed each other wheneverthey met - even the servants joined in.Eventually, no one could rememberwhat started feud.

The story is about two young loverswho meet, marry, and die all within aweek. Their deaths end the feud.

Shakespeare tells us right from thestart that Romeo and Juliet are goingto die, but he does not tell how.

Shakespeare tells the entire story

in the first 14 lines of the play!

What do you think could

have caused this feud?

What tragedy could have

caused the deaths of these

two young lovers?

VeronaVerona

Act I scene 1Act I scene 1 A Fight Breaks OutA Fight Breaks Out


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Act I, scene 1Act I, scene 1 A Fight Breaks OutA Fight Breaks Out

Scene 1 Two Capulet servants were in the town ofVerona. They saw two Montague servants.One insulted the other and a fight brokeout.

Tybalt joined the fight and tried to dragin Benvolio. Soon, half the town of Verona

was fighting in the streets, including LordCapulet and Lord Montague.

The Prince of Verona was tired of thefeuding and warned the two families that,if they fought again, they would pay withtheir lives.

Meanwhile, Romeos parents wereworried about him. His cousin Benvoliofound out that Romeo was in love withRosaline, but she did not return hisfeelings.

The Prince was like a mayor,

governor or police chief. He

made the rules and youobeyed them!

Do you bite your thumb at us sir?

(Shakespeare) In Shakespeares time biting a

thumb at someone was an insult.

Now thats what you call a brawl!

Act I scene 2Act I scene 2 A Decent ProposalA Decent Proposal


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Act I, scene 2Act I, scene 2 A Decent ProposalA Decent Proposal

scene 2

Paris, a relative of the Prince of Verona,

asked Juliets father for her hand in

marriage. Capulet agreed, if Paris could

win his daughters heart.

The Capulets planned a party for that

same evening. Capulet asked a servant to

deliver the invitations.

Romeo and Benvolio helped the servant,

and decided to go to the party, too.

Benvolio thought going to the party mighthelp Romeo get over Rosaline. Romeo

was going because Rosalines name was on

the party list.

Did you know that Juliet was

only 13 years old!

Yikes! Isnt Romeo a Montague?

What was he thinking by going to the

Capulets party?

Unmarried boys and girlsoften wore masks to parties.

Rosaline!

Act I scene 3Act I scene 3 Paris loves JulietParis loves Juliet


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Act I, scene 3Act I, scene 3 Paris loves JulietParis loves Juliet

scene 3

Juliets mother asked the nurse to

call for Juliet. Lady Capulet asked

the nurse to leave so she could speak

to her daughter alone. Changing her

mind, Lady Capulet asked the nurseto stay.

Lady Capulet told Juliet about Paris

proposal of marriage. Juliet agreed to

consider his proposal.

A servant entered and told Lady

Capulet that the party guests were

arriving.

Lady Capulet thought Juliet was old

enough to marry. What do you think?

Ill look to like, if looking liking move, But

no more deep will I endart mine eye than your

consent gives strength to make it fly. What

does Juliets response mean?

Do you remember who else

was going to the party?

Act I scene 4Act I scene 4 Party Crashers!!Party Crashers!!


85/100

Act I, scene 4Act I, scene 4 Party Crashers!!Party Crashers!!

What is Romeo thinking? Or, is he just

giving in to peer pressure?

Dreams were often seen as omens. What kind

of omen might this Romeos dream beforeshadowing?

In Celtic legend, Queen Mab is a fairy

queen who changes mens dreams to create

mischief.

scene 4 Romeo, Mercutio and Benvolio were ontheir way to the Capulets party eventhough Romeo had his doubts about going.

Just as they arrived at the Capulet home,Romeo shared that he had a dream thatmade him hesitant to go to the party.

Mercrutio made fun of Romeos dream andtold everyone that he too had a dreamabout Queen Mab.

Even after Mercutios teasing, Romeo stillhad his doubts, but he went to the partyanyway.

Act I, scene 5Act I, scene 5 Romeo Loves Juliet?!!Romeo Loves Juliet?!!


86/100

Act I, scene 5Act I, scene 5 Romeo Loves Juliet?!!Romeo Loves Juliet?!!

Do you believe in love at first sight? Shakespeare

would have you believe it just might be possible.

Oh, the tangled webs we weave...

scene 5 The Capulet party was in full swing. Lord Capuletencourages his guests to dance.

From across the room Romeo see Juliet and thinks

that she the most beautiful thing he has ever seen.

Tybalt recognizes Romeo and wants to fight him,

but his uncle, Lord Capulet, tells Tybalt to endurehim.

Romeo and Juliet begin to talk... and kiss, and kiss

until the nurse calls Juliet away.

Romeo has no idea Juliet is a Capulet until he asksthe nurse and learns Juliets identity. Juliet then

asks the nurse about Romeo and finds out he is aMontague.

Act 2Act 2 ProloguePrologue


87/100

Act 2Act 2 ProloguePrologue

Prologue

After meeting (and kissing) Juliet at

the Capulets party, Romeo no longer

loves Rosaline, instead, he loves

Juliet.

Romeo could hardly remember why

he loved Rosaline after kissing Juliet.

Compared to Juliets beauty,

Rosaline was plain.

but Juliet was a Capulet, andRomeo a Montague. Somehow this

made their attraction more exciting.

This prologue explained what has

happened in the play so far. Clever

fellow, that Shakespeare!

What does Romeos sudden change of heart say

about his character?

Remember, the Capulets and the

Montagues had been feuding for

generations. Why would the two teenagers

even consider a relationship?

Act 2, scene 1Act 2, scene 1 She Loves Me; She Loves Me Not!She Loves Me; She Loves Me Not!


88/100

,, ;;

scene 1 Romeo left the party without his

two friends: Mercutio and Benvolio.

Mercutio and Benvolio looked forRomeo, but could not find him.

They gave up and called it a night.

Meanwhile, Romeo jumped over agarden wall to escape his friends.

All Romeo thought about wasseeing Juliet again.

or morning, it wasalmost dawn!

So, Benvolios plan to get Romeo to forget about

Rosaline worked right?

Was Romeo too quick to act onhis emotions?

Act 2, scene 2Act 2, scene 2 She Loves Me!She Loves Me!


89/100

Act 2, scene 2Act 2, scene 2 She Loves Me!She Loves Me!

scene 2

Seeing Juliet come out on the balcony,Romeo realized he jumped into Julietsback garden where he heard Juliet talkingabout him!

Juliet said she loved Romeo, but he was aMontague. She said, a rose by anyother word would smell as sweet. She

thought if Romeo stopped being aMontague, their relationship just mightwork.

Romeo could not stand it any longer. Hespoke to Juliet and told her he heardeverything she said, and that he loved her,too!

Before leaving the balcony, Juliet askedRomeo if he thought they should getmarried. Romeo told her he would let herknow later in the day. They kissed, andkissed, and kissed, then Juliet went inside.

This scene is REALLY important. Romeo

and Juliet speak some of Shakespeares

most famous lines, so pay attention to

what happens next It is almost

unbelievable!Oh yeah, this scene is

known as The Balcony Scene.

How would changing his name help?

Married!What was she thinking? Theyhave only known each other for a few

hours!

Act 2, scene 3Act 2, scene 3 Here Comes The Bride!Here Comes The Bride!


90/100

Act 2, scene 3Act 2, scene 3 Here Comes The Bride!Here Comes The Bride!

scene 3

Romeo hadnt even gone to bed yet. Hecould hardly believe that Juliet lovedhim and wanted to marry him! Romeoruns straight to the friar to see if hewould marry them!

The friar was outside picking herbs.Because it was so early in the morning,the friar thought Romeo had been out

all night with Rosaline.

Romeo told the friar about the party,Juliet, and their desire to marry!

The friar could hardly believe his ears!Not Rosaline, but Juliet, a Capulet?

Romeo convinced the friar that his lovefor Juliet was different because Julietloved him, too. Reluctantly, but withhope of mending the feud, the friaragreed to marry Romeo and Juliet insecret.

A friar is like a priest, pastor, minister,

rabbi, or bishop.

The friars knowledge of herbsis going to play a key role in

the storys plot.

What was the friar thinking? Do

you think that his decision tomarry the two star-crossed lovers

was the RIGHT decision?

Act 2, scene 4Act 2, scene 4 A Challenge & A MessageA Challenge & A Message


91/100

Act 2, scene 4Act 2, scene 4 A Challenge & A MessageA Challenge & A Message

scene 4 Tybalt, Juliets cousin, wanted tofight Romeo.

Mercutio and Benvolio bumpedinto Romeo on his way back fromthe friars chambers. They joked

and teased Romeo.

Juliet sent her nurse with herservant, Peter, to find Romeo.

Mercutio and Benvolio teased thenurse, then left. Although the

nurse was a bit upset with theboys teasing, she took Romeosmessage back to Juliet.

Why does Tybalt want to fight

Romeo?

Juliet was single, and far too youngto be out in the streets of Verona.

This is why she sent her nurse to get

word from Romeo.

What is learned about Mercutios

character in this scene?

Act 2, scene 5 & 6Act 2, scene 5 & 6 I Now Pronounce YouI Now Pronounce You


92/100

,,

scene 5 Juliet was about to go crazy. The nursehad been gone for hours, and she stilldid not know if Romeo wanted tomarry her.

The nurse finally returned, and teasedJuliet by not telling her Romeosmessage right away!

The nurse told Juliet to meet Romeo atthe church at 2:00 to get married!

scene 6 Romeo waited for Juliet in the Friars

chambers. The Friar hoped he wasdoing the right thing. Romeo assured

the Friar that he was.

Juliet arrived at the church. Romeoand Juliet were married!

What do you think was causing Juliets

impatience? And by the way, wasnt

Juliet already promised to someone

else?

Now wasnt the Nurse just upset with Mercutiofor teasing her?

Knowing that Romeos and Juliet's love

is ill-fated, what do you think went

wrong? They seem so happy!

Act 3, scene 1Act 3, scene 1 BANISHBANISH -- EDED


93/100

,,

scene 1

Meanwhile... Mercutio and Benvolio wereout in the streets. While Tybalt looked for

Romeo, Mercutio started teasing Tybalt.

Romeo arrived straight from marryingJuliet. Tybalt tried to fight him, but Romeorefused. Instead, Mercutio started a fightwith Tybalt.

Romeo tried to stop the fight and steppedbetween Mercutio and Tybalts sword;Mercutio was badly wounded by Tybaltssword under Romeos arm. Tybalt runsaway.

Mercutio was taken to a nearby house, anddied. In anger, Romeo runs after Tybalt.They fought. Tybalt was killed. Now it wasRomeos turn to run.

The Calpulets and the Prince arrived on thescene. Benvolio explained what happened.The Prince BANISHED Romeo fromVerona.

Romeo did not want to fight Tybalt. He said: I do

protest I never injured thee, but love thee better than thou

canst devise.Why did Romeo say this to Tybalt?

Just before he died, Mercutio exclaimed: A plague

aboth your houses!. What did this mean, and how

might it have foreshadowed the things to come?

What does BANISHMENT mean

for Romeo?

Good King of cats!Nothing but one of your

nine lives

(Shakespeare)

VeronaVerona

Act 3, Scenes 2 & 3Act 3, Scenes 2 & 3 So Long, FarewellSo Long, Farewell


94/100

Act 3, Scenes 2 & 3Act 3, Scenes 2 & 3 So Long, FarewellSo Long, Farewell

Scene 2 Juliet waited for Romeo. Juliets nursecame into the room VERY upset rantingabout someone dying. Juliet thought itmight have been Romeo.

The nurse calmed down enough toexplain the events to Juliet.

When Juliet learned that the Princebanished Romeo, she became hysterical.

Scene 3 Romeo took refuge with the friar who

told Romeo he had been banished toMantua. Romeo threatened to killhimself.

The nurse arrived at the friarschamber. They made plans for Romeo togo and see Juliet. The friar warnedRomeo to leave at the break of dawn.

Juliet knows nothing about what has happened toRomeo.

More foreshadowing!!!

What does Romeos banishment mean forthe two young lovers?

BANISH - ED

Act 3, Scenes 4 & 5Act 3, Scenes 4 & 5 Here Comes The Bride Again!Here Comes The Bride Again!


95/100

Scene 4

Lord Capulet was worried about Julietssafety. He told Paris that he could marryJuliet in three days.

Scene 5 Romeo and Juliet said goodbye. Romeo

left for Mantua.

Juliets mother came to tell her the goodnews about the marriage to Paris. In abold act, Juliet told her mother that shewould NOT marry Paris.

Juliets father came into the room andtold Juliet that she would do as she wastold.

To make matters worse, Juliets nurse,who knows Juliet was already married toRomeo, agreed with Juliets mother andfather. Distraught, Juliet went to see thefriar.

What? Married? But Juliet is

already married! What is she going

to do now?

Verona and Mantua are only miles

apart. But to Romeo and Juliet, it

might as well be Timbuktu!

VeronaVerona

Why does the nurse think Juliet

should marry the County Paris?

MantuaMantua

I think it best you

marry the County. O,

hes a lovely

gentleman!

Act 4, scenes 1 & 2Act 4, scenes 1 & 2 Friar think of something!Friar think of something!


96/100

Scene 1 Juliet arrived at the friars whereParis was making their wedding plans.After Paris left, Juliet tells the friarthat she would rather die than marryParis.

The friar had a plan. He told Juliet he

knows of an herb that will make hersleep so deeply that it will make herappear dead. Once she was placed inthe tomb, Romeo will come and saveher and take her to Mantua.Desperate, Juliet agreed to the plan.

Scene 2

Back at Juliets house, everyone waspreparing for the wedding. Juliet toldher father that she will obey him andmarry Paris.

Clever, isnt he? Once again

Shakespeare reminds the reader of

things to come.

The friar was an expert with herbs. Juliet must be

REALLY desperate! What else could Juliet have

done to stop the wedding?

As a good daughter should- right?

Act 4, scene 3Act 4, scene 3 Sweet Dreams!Sweet Dreams!


97/100

scene 3 Juliet went to bed early.

In her bed chamber Juliet imagined

everything that could go wrong.

Juliet was worried about the plan,

afraid it wouldnt work. She was

afraid it would. Even though she was

frightened, she took the friars herbs.

Just in case, Juliet hid a dagger under

her pillow.

Just before Juliet took the friars

herbs, she gave quite a long speech.

What was she saying?

Ahh! A dagger! Now why did

Juliet put a daggerunder her

pillow?

Wrong? Now what could go

wrong?

Act 4, scenes 4 & 5Act 4, scenes 4 & 5 The Plans Working?The Plans Working?


98/100

scene 4

Early the next morning the Capulet housewas full of activity for the wedding.

scene 5 Anxious to get Juliet ready for her

wedding, the nurse entered Juliets room.

The nurse could not wake Juliet. She

thought Juliet was dead.

Hearing the nurses scream, Juliets

parents come into her room. They, too,

thought Juliet was dead.

The friar arrived at the Capulets house to

perform the wedding, and found that hisplan was working. Everyone thought

Juliet was dead. The friar instructed the

Capulets to make plans for a funeral.

Everything is going as planned,

or is it?

Isnt it clever how Shakespeare tells the reader what

is happening and the characters have no clue?

Leave it to the friar to think

of everything; well, almost

everything!

Act 5, scene 1 & 2Act 5, scene 1 & 2 The Best Laid PlansThe Best Laid Plans


99/100

scene 1 In Mantua, Romeo had a dream that hedied, but Juliet woke him with a kiss.

Romeo waited for word from the friar.Instead, Balthasar, arrived to tell Romeothat Juliet was dead.

Forgetting his banishment, Romeo took

off for Verona, but stopped to buy poisonjust in case. Just in case what?

scene 2 Behind the scenes, the friar sent a

messenger to tell Romeo of the plan torescue Juliet.

Realizing Romeo would not be coming torescue Juliet, the friar decided to go toJuliets tomb.

Ahh! That Shakespeare. He will not let the

reader forget that the lovers are doomed!

Romeo had no clue of the plan that the friardevised with Juliet. He thought Juliet was

REALLY dead!

A good idea really. Now

everything is going to be alright.

Right?

Act 5, scene 3Act 5, scene 3 Dead End!Dead End!


100/100

scene 3 Paris visited Juliets tomb. Romeo arrived

at the tomb with his servant, Balthasar.

Balthasar stayed behind. Paris tried to stopRomeo from opening the tomb. Theyfought, and Romeo killed Paris.

Romeo entered the tomb. He was surprised

at how beautiful Juliet looked. He kissedher, took the poison and died.

The friar arrived. Juliet awakened askingfor Romeo. The friar tried to get Juliet toleave, but she saw Romeo.

Juliet saw that Romeo had taken poison.She tried to drink some, but the vial was

empty. She took Romeos dagger and killedherself. Hearing of her sons death, LadyMontague died.

The friar explained what happened. Thefamilies agreed to end the feud.

Dont forget, this was supposed to be Pariss

wedding night.

Romeo was not thinking straight. No one exceptthe nurse and the friar knew that Romeo and Juliet

were married. Romeo was bound to be a little

upset.

Well, come on! Shakespeare told you atthe very beginning of the play thatRomeo and Juliet were going to die.Who is ultimately to blame for thedeaths of Romeo and Juliet?

Documents

Introduction to Elizabeth An Age and Shakespeare