INTRODUCING PEOPLE.doc

7/28/2019 INTRODUCING PEOPLE.doc

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200

9

Group 1

SMAN 2 Kendari9/6/2009


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Unit 1: Introducing people

ORGANIZATION

Paragraph form

GRAMMAR AND MECHANICS

What is a sentence?

Subjects and verbs

End-of-sentence punctuation

Capitalization five rules

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

Simple sentences

Connecting words: and, or

Sentence combining

THE WRITING PROCESS

Free writing

Editing

Content

s:


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Prewriting:

Taking Notes

1. Look at List topic below. With a friend, make up some questions

about the topics. Discuss it which question will be OK to ask. Your

teacher will help you to write the questions on the whiteboard.

Sample questions:

Sample notes:

What is your complete name?

Trinadia Utami

What is your hobby?

Playing badminton

Where are you from?

Kendari, Indonesia

How long have you lived in Kendari?

Ten years

2. Choose a partner. Take some notes by asking her or him the questions. Keep

the notes. You will use it later to write your own paragraph about your partner.

3. In front of the class, introduce your friends identity by telling his or her

answers.

Note:

OK OK Information Notes

(Classmates Answers)

Taking notes is a way to brainstorm ideas. Firstly, you

need to brainstorm some ideas. Next, ask your

classmate some question. Then, try to write down the

important information. In this activity, you have to take

ACTIVIT

Y


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Complete name

Age

Address in Kendari

Hobbies

Parents job

Religion

Status

School

City and country

Favorite food

Job or profession

Salary

Vocation activity

Plans for future

(You and your class may add other question)

Part 1 Organization

A paragraph is about single topic in a sentence. The topic

of a paragraph is one, and only one idea. The first word in a paragraph is

about one half inch to the right. It is called indenting the first word. Also

there is blank space down both left and right sides of the page. It is called

margins.

Each paragraph should have a title. A title tells a few in few words tell

a few words about the topic of the paragraph. A title is short and usually not

in complete sentence.

Example:

My Friend

Brotherhood

My Parent

How to Make a Fried Banana

Here are some rules for writing a paragraph.

1. Write the title of your paragraph on the top line.

2. Leave margins (blank spaces) of about an inch the left and right

sides of your paper.

3. Skip a line and start writing on the third line.

4. Indent the first sentence about one-half inch from the left margin.

5. Begin each sentence at the end of the preceding one.

6. Write it on every other line, make correction and write comments.

7. If word is too long, write the whole words on the next writing line.

8. Do not try to divide a long word if you dont know the rules to do.

See the guide lines in appendix D at the back of the book.


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Model Paragraph

Write a paragraph like this paragraph below.

Title in center

Indent for the first sentence

Skip a line or

A Space

My friend

My classmate is ida Mariani. She is from

Jakarta. She came to kendari with her family in

1999. She is single. She lives with her parents, her

sister, and her brother in a house. Ida is taking

science class at her school. She likes to read novels,

listen to music, and travelling. She plans when she

finishes her school, she will continue to English

Study Program at Haluoleo University.


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Margin

Work with a partner or individual

1. Find incorrect word paragraph below.

Paragraph Form

2. Rewrite it on a piece of paper to the correctone. It should in one paragraph.

PRACTI

CE

My friend

My classmate is Kamarudin. She is from

Manado.

She came to kendari with her

family in 1999.

She is single.She lives with her parents, her sister, and

her brother in a house. Ida is taking science class at

her school.

She likes to read novels,

listen to music, and travelling.

She plans when she finishes her school, she

will continue to English Study Program at Haluoleo

University.


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Introducing a Classmate

In this activity, after interviewed your classmate, make aparagraph on page 2. Now, read about how to write a good

paragraph.

In the writing process, there are four steps to be a good

writer:

Prewriting, get idea and organize them,

Writing, write the first draft,

Editing, check and correct your fist draft

Revising, rewrite the final draft to hand in.

Note: your teacher will ask you to rewrite again after he or

she has check it.

The

WritingProcess:

An

Introduct

ion

WRITIN

G

PRACTI

CE


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In the prewriting step, taking notes is used to collect briefly

the ideas to write about. For instance, students get notes

from class lectures, or reading assignment. Then, write

notes on each paragraph. On page 2, you made some notes

after your friend answered your questions. Use the notes to

write your own paragraph.

Give the paragraph a title: My friend.

Firstly, write our friends name with: My friends nameis (you may write with different sentence)

Use your notes on page 2 to make sentence about

your friends. Include pictures where possible.

End the paragraph by telling how you feel about your

friend. Make in one or two sentences. For example, Im

glad to have as my best friend. I hope we will be

always together.

To edit well, firstly you check it, make changes, and give

corrections. It will be more interesting to communicate yourmeaning if you write clearer.

There are four steps in editing your paragraph:

Firstly, check the meaning. Does it communicate and

clear for you? If not, make changes.

Next, check the mechanics. Try to look for mistakes in

punctuation, grammar, and spelling. If you find the

mistakes, correct them

Thirdly, ask your partner to check the meaning and if

the information is unclear and incorrect. If the answeris yes, make some changes.

Finally, ask your partner to check the mechanics.

Check it for punctuation and spelling. Then fix them if

she finds the mistakes. Also, ask other student or the

teacher if youre disagree to the mistake.

STEP 1:

Prewritin

g-

Taking

notes

STEP 2:Writing

the First

Draft

STEP 3:

Editingthe First

Draft


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Partners: it is a good idea to give a comment on the

interesting content, the neat writing or anything else in

your friends paragraph.

Write the final draft in paragraph that has been corrected.

Hand in to the teacher.

Unit 1

Grammar and Mechanics

What is a sentence? How do you know what a sentence is? You will learn

more about sentences later, but for now, you should know

this deinition:

These are sentences:

A sentence is a group of words that contains a

subject and a verb and expresses a complete

thought.

STEP 4:

Writing

the Final

Draft

PART

2


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1. He is a student2. Speed kills3. Its hot today4. He looks angry5. Are you happy?

6. Who is there?7. A student bought a new book8. Does your teacher work with you?9. Where did you buy a new book?10. Hurry! (The sunject in this sentece is You)

These are not sentences:

1. Hot weather. (There is no veb)2. The student prepared. (This is not a complete thought)

3. Because it hot. ( This is not a complete thought)4. Is very beautiful. (There is no subject)5. Every morning before study (There is no subject or verb)

Work with a partner.

Sentences

1. Read each group of words out loud

2. Decide which ones are complete sentences and which onesare not.

3. Write yes next to the complete sentences and no next to the nonsentences

4. Explain why the nonsentences are not sentences.Example:

No is very hot today. ( There is no subject )

Yes it is vey hot today.( )

PRACTI

CE:Recogni

zing


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1. My new classmate from Mandonga. (

)

2. He speaks three languages fluently. ()

3. Is very clever. ( )

4. When she study here. ( )

5. She wants to get her homework book now. (

)

6. He is not married. ( )

7. Enjoys many sports, like football, badminton, etc. (

)

8. Dont worry!( )

9. Help! ( )

10. They didnt like. ( )

11. Because they are new students. (

)

12. They dont want. ( )


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Subjects and verb

Every sentence must have at least one subject and one verb in order to be a sentence.

Some sentences must have other parts in order to express a complete thought. The man boughtisnot a sentence because it does not express a complete thought. We need to know what he bought.

Subjects and verbs are the most important parts of a sentence. In

English, the subject of a sentence is always expresses except in a command:

Hurry! ( we know that the subject is you

My classmate lost the keys to his motorcycle.

(Who lost the keys? My classmate)

The motorcycle hit the student.

(What hit the student? The car)

Football and badminton are my favorite sports in the school.

(What are my favorite sports in the school? Football and badminton)

The subjects tells who or what did something. It

is a noun or pronoun.

The verb often tells the action. However, sometimes a verb

doesnt tell an action. Sometimes it just links the subject with

the rest of the sentence.


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Action verbs

The motorcycle hit the student.

My classmate lost his motorcycle keys.

My family lives in a Pariwisata street.

His teammate found them.

Linking Verbs

Volleyball and badminton is my favorite sport in the schoolShe feel tired

She lookhappy

I am happy that my classmate is a good friend

The most common linking verbs are be, become, feel, look, seem, smell,

sound, taste.

Work with a partnerPRACTI

CE:Finding

subject


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And Verbs

1. Underline the subject with one line.2. Underline the verbs with two lines.3. Write S or V above each underlined word.

Examples:

My best friend is in the second class

He listen to the music and does his homework at the

same time.

1. My best friend is Butonese

2. He likes the Mathematics but he hate the sport.

3. She didnt go to school yesterday.

4. This semester, he is studying English and Computer science.

5. My fiend and I dont have any classes together.

6. Doni speaks and understand English very well.

7. On Weekends my friend and I going to the Kendari beach

8. I dont have a computer9. Smile!

10. Be Happy1

11. Dont worry!

End-of

Sentences

Punctuation


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A sentence ends with a period (.), an exclamation point (!),

or a question mark (?)

A sentence normally ends with a period if a sentence is a question, use

a question mark.

Where do you school?

Are you study or not?

They dont have any homework tonight, do they?

You can use an exclamation point after words, phrases, or sentences to

show strong emotion and after an urgent command.

Wow!

What a nice surprise!

We were really confused!

Help!

End-of-Sentence

PRACTIC

E:


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Punctuation

Work by yourself or with a partner. Place a period, a question mark, or

an exclamation point at the end of each sentence.

Examples:

How many subject do you study?

I speak only one.

1. How long has she been in Kendari city?2. She has been in Kendari city for only three years.3. In Senior High School 2 Kendari there are a lot of subjects4. Stop that cheated5. Did anyone do the homework6. The school was so crowded that we dont know each other7. Are you going to hand in your homework8. You are going to hand in your homework, arent you

9. It is a competition10. Put it on the table

Work by yourself or with partner.

Punctuating Sentences

PRACTICE:


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1. Decide where sentences begin and end in this paragraph. (There arefourteen sentences).

2. Add punctuation at the end of each sentence.3. Change the firs letter of each new sentence to a capital.

Capitalization:

Five Rules

In English there are many rules for using capital letters. Here are five

important ones.

RULES EXAMPLES

Capitalize:

1. The first word in a sentence My name is Wa Ode

Kurnia

2. The pronoun/alone Tomorrow I will go to the

library

3. Names of people and their tittles King Fahri

President SusiloBambangYudhoyono

Professor Limbad

Wa Suriana

Introducing Myself

My name is Siska. I live at Jl. Permata Kampus Baru. I was born

on June 10, 1989. My fathers name is Arianto. He is a lecturer in the

fishery faculty of Haluoleo University. My hobby is reading comic. Im a

student of SMAN 2 Kendari at the second grade. My idea is being an

English teacher because I like to teach and share my knowledge to

other people. My favorite foods are sate pokea, sinonggi, kambose,

and kasuami. Lastly, my favorite drinks are sarabba, es teller, es


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BUT not a tittle He is a chairman

without a name Have you meet your

teacher?

Exception : A title without The Chairman of the

class had collected our name is sometimes capitalized

assignment

if it refers to specific person.

4. Nationalities, languages, Indonesian, Englishreligions, and ethnics groups Tolakinese

Munanese

Moeslem

NOTE: dont capitalize school calculus computer

science

subject except names math history

of nationalities, languages, latinvernacular

religion, and so forth

5. Specific places you could Kendari Beach WonuaMonapafind on a map MTQ Agung

Mosque

Work with a partner

Capitalization

PRACTIC

E:


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1. Write your own examples for capitalization rules 3-5.2. Ask your teacher for help with spelling or use a dictionary.

Rule 3

a queen

a president

a doctor

a mayor or governor

Rule 4

a language

a nationality

an ethnic group

a religion


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Rule 5

a street

a city of town

a state

a country

a sea or an ocean

an island `

a lake

a river

a park

a square


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Capitalization

Work by yourself or with a partner. Change this small letter to the capital

letter wherever necessary in the following paragraph.

NURFITRIANI ARIFIN

My name is Nurfitriani Arifin, and I have had usual life like

the other people. I have been both a student and an

instructor in a course plays. I was born in 1987 in the small

village in Kendari which is a large city in South East

Sulawesi. My father Arifin was a teacher in SMA 4 Kendari.

As a child, I took care my family and I want to be like myfather. I decided to become a teacher because I want to

share my knowledge.

WRITING PRACTISE 2 Introducing Yourself

Write a paragraph about yourself. Practice what you have learned about

paragraph form. Putting periods of the end of sentences and capitalization.

PRACTIC

E:


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Use the same four steps in writing this paragraph that you used in writing

paragraph about your classmate: take notes, write the firs daft edit it, and

write the final draft to hand in.

STEP 1 :

Prewriting

Take notes

Write a brief answer to each answer o the line provided. These are the notes

you will use to write full sentences in the next step.

What is your complete name?

Where do you live?

When and where were you born?

What is your nationality?

What languages do you speak?

Where did you go to school before this school?

What were your favorite school subjects?

Did you study a foreign language in school?


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Do you have any hobbies?

What do you do in your free time?

What are your plan for the future?

STEP 2

Write the first draft

Now write your answer in complete sentences. Use correct paragraph form

as in the model in the page 4. Give your paragraph this title: INTRODUCING

MY SELF. Pay special attention to putting periods at the end of all your

sentences and using capital letters correctly.

STEP 3

Edit the first draft

Follow these editing steps:

- First, check the meaning. Read your paragraph silently to your self.Does it say what you want it to say about you? Is the meaning of all ofthe sentences clear? If not, make changes.

- Next, check the mechanics. Read it silently again. This time look formistake in punctuation, grammar spelling and capitalization. If you find

any mistakes, fix them. Use the paragraph checklist below as a guide.Put a check next to every item on the list.

- Third, have your partner check the meaning. Read your paragraphaloud to your partner. As your partner f any sentences were not clear.If the answer is yes, make changes.

- Finally, have your partner check the mechanics. Ask your partner toread your paragraph silently and to check each item on the paragraph


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checklist. If he or she finds any mistakes fix them. If you and yourpartner dont agree about a possible mistakes ask a third student orthe teacher.

PARTNER: as you did in writing practice I, you will help your classmate write

a clear, correct paragraph by your careful editing. Firs, listen to paragraph.

Does it make sense? Is it clear? Second, read it silently and check it against

the paragraph

Checklist. Again, dont correct anything you are not sure about. And

remember to make one or two positive comments about your classmates

writing skills!

PARAGRAPH CHECKLIST

FORM

Check the paragraph form. Does the paragraph look like the model onpage 4?


Check for capital letters

Check the spelling

Is there a period at the end of all sentences


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SENTENCE STRUCTURE

Check the sentences. Do they have at least one subject and one verb,and do they express a complete thought?

STEP 4:

Write the final draft

Write a neat final draft of your paragraph to hand in to the teacher.

Part 3 SENTENCE STRUCTURE

Sentence is a group of words that contains at least one subject and

one verb. It also expresses a complete though. There are four kinds of

sentence viewed by its components. They are as follows:

a. Simple sentenceb. Compound sentencec. Complex sentenced. Compound-complex sentence

Simple sentence is a sentence that has one subject-verb

combination. Some component in a simple sentence can be compound

whether its subject, verb, or both of them. The combination of subject and

verb in simple sentence can be formulated as follows:

a. SV : Simple subject with simple verbExample : My teacher speaks English well.


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b. SSV : compound subject with simple verbExample : My teacher and my friend speak English well.

c. SVV : simple subject with compound verbExample : My friend is a instructor and has good salary.

d. SSVV : compound subject with compound verbExample : Dian and Ida speak and write English well.

However, if the sentence has two subject-verb combinations, it is

called compound sentence. Compound sentences are generally formulated

as: SV, (connecting word) SV. For example: My brother lives in Tinanggea,and my sister lives in Kolaka. More explanation about Compound Sentence

are in the Unit 2.

Practice: Simple Sentence Patterns

Look at the passage, and then look for the following instruction!

1. Underline the subjects with one line.2. Underline the verbs with two lines.

3. Write S or V above each underlined words.4. Finally, write the formula for the sentence.5.Example:

My grandfather loves to fish and often takes me with him to his

favorite fishing place.

Formula : S S V

My Grandfather

1My grandfather is old in years but young in spirit.

2Everyday, he swims in his pool and works in his garden. 3He and

my grandmother were married fifty years ago. 4They have for

children and ten grandchildren. 5My grandfather loves parties

and invites our entire family to his house for a big dinner on his

birthday. 6All twenty of us eat and tell stories half of the night.7He never ets tired and is alwa s the last to o to bed. 8On his


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Connecting Words: and, or

Connecting words in English is usually called as conjunction. We often need

conjunction to connect words or groups of word in a sentence. There aremany kinds of conjunction in English. Two of the mist common ones are and

and or. But they have different meanings and function.

and joins two or more similar things in positive sentences.

Example: I like sinonggi and kasuami.

We have class on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.

or connects two or more similar things in negative sentences.

Example: I dont like sinonggi or kasuami.

I cannot sing, dance, and speech in public places.

or also connects two or more choices or alternatives.

Example: I would go to Raha, Wakatobi, or Wanci on my next holiday.

, .

our money together and bought him a video game system.

10Now, he wants us to come over to his house every weekend.

PRACTIC

E:


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Practice: Using and, or

Combine the two sentences in each pair to make one sentence. Use and or

oraccording to the meaning.

Example: I like kambose. I like kasuami.

I like kambose and kasuami.

1. I can speak English. I can write English._____________________________________________

2. I cannot sing. I cannot dance._____________________________________________

3. Blue is my favorite color. Yellow is my favorite color._____________________________________________

4. Would you like tea? Would you like tea? (choices)_____________________________________________

5. He cannot see. He cannot hear._____________________________________________

Sentence Combining

Sentence combining is an exercise to improve your sentence-writing

skills. There are some several correct ways to combine the sentences. They

are as follows:

1. Do not repeat words if possible. For example, in the first sentencebellow, do not repeat I am a. You may omit words, but dont omit anyimportant information.


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2. You may change words. For example, you may change a noun to apronoun or make a singular word plural.

3. You may add words. For example, in the second sentence bellow, youneed to add the connecting word and.

Example:

1. a. I am an artist.b. I am famous

2. a. I have black eyes.b. I have a long black hair.

I am a famous artist. I have black eyes and a long black hair.

Practice: Sentence Combining

Combine the sentences in each group to make one sentence. There may be

more than one possible correct way to combine each group.

1. a. I am a figure.b. I am famous.

2. a. I have white hair.b. I have a long white beard.

3. a. I always wear a suit.b. The suit is red.

4. a. Adults like me.b. Children like me.

5. a. Every year I take a trip.b. The trip is long.


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c. I do this on a special night.

Part 3 WRITING PROCESS

In this section, you will write a paragraph about your family. First,

answer these questions to see if you have learned the main points of Unit 1.

Review Questions

FREEWRITING

1. Organization What does a paragraph look like?

What is indenting?

What are margins?

What is a title, and where do you write it?

What should you do when a word is too long to fit at the endof a line?

2. Grammar and Mechanics What is a sentence?

What is a subject? What is a verb?

What are the punctuation marks that you can use at the endof the sentence? When do you use each of them?

What are five rules for capitalizing words in English?

3. Sentence Structure What is a simple sentence?

What are four simple sentence formulas?

What kind of ideas do you connect with and?


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Free writing is a way to get ideas. When you free write, you choose a

topic, and then you sit down and write whatever sentences come into your

mind about the topic. Dont worry about the grammar, spelling, or

punctuation, and dont worry about putting the ideas in order. You dont

even have to write complete sentences. Just write everything that comes into

your mind about your topic. If you cannot think of an English word, write it in

your own language. The goal is to keep writing for about ten minutes without

stopping. Write horizontally across the paper as you do when you do a letter

or a formal paragraph.

Here is an example of free writing.

After you have written about ten minutes, read what you have

written and look for ideas that you can use in your paragraph. Cross out

ideas that you will not use. Circle the ideas that you can use. In the example

on the next page, the students decided to write about her teachers method

in teaching process. She crossed out the parts about joke. She circled the

ideas that seem useful.

Free Writing about My Teacher

My English teacher is very good. He is a kind and smartteacher. The best teacher. He always makes us laugh in the

classroom. His smile looks nice. When students see him, he usually

greets them. He is also a funny teacher because he likes to make a

joke when he is teaching. Every Monday, he teaches us in the

classroom. He speaks English fluently and easy to understand. He

also gives his student some useful advices, so we can be motivated

to learn. He is also a discipline teacher. He always comes on time in

the classroom when he has a subject. My English teacher is really

great in teaching. He never makes us bored during he is explaining

his material. I enjoy the learning process which is handled by himreally much.


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WRITING PRACTICE 4. Introducing Your Friend.

Work by yourself.

Write a paragraph about your friend or one person in your

school. Use paragraph My Teacher as a model. Practice everything

you have learned in this unit.

Use this steps: gather ideas by freewriting, write the first draft, edit

your work, and write the final draft to hand in.

1. Free write about your family for about ten

minutes.

2. Write a Who am I? in a paragraph. Write it in the

first person such as I, me and my.

3. Write a paragraph about your close friend.

Write the paragraph with a sentence. Describe your

family in general. For example: my family is a happy

family. Then write ten to fifteen sentences about

that.

Free Writing about My Teacher

My English teacher is very good. He is a kind and smart teacher.

The best teacher. He always makes us laugh in the classroom. His

smile looks nice. When students see him, he usually greets them. He is

also a funny teacher because he likes to make a joke when he is

teaching. Every Monday, he teaches us in the classroom. He speaks

English fluently and easy to understand. He also gives his student

some useful advices, so we can be motivated to learn. He is also a

discipline teacher. He always comes on time in the classroom when he

has a subject. My English teacher is really great in teaching. He never

makes us bored during he is explaining his material. I enjoy the

learning process which is handled by him really much.

STEP 1:

Prewritin

g-

Get

Ideas

STEP 2:

Write

the First

Draft


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Use the editing steps. Edit in own paper. Ask a

classmate to edit it also.

Paragraph ChecklistFORM Check the paragraph form


spelling

Capital

Letters

SENTENCE STRUCTURE Check

sentence

Write a neat paragraph to be final draft and hand in to

the teacher.

STEP 3:

Edit theFirst

Draft

STEP 4:

Write

the Final

Draft

Documents

INTRODUCING PEOPLE.doc