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Internet Evolution in Indonesia. Onno W. Purbo [email protected] Ex. Civil Servant Ex. Lecturer at ITB Works for Indonesian People. Important Key Factor. Human Community Society NOT Technology NOT $$$. Major Achievements. Bottom-up Community based Sustainable development - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Internet Evolution in Indonesia
Onno W. [email protected]. Civil Servant
Ex. Lecturer at ITBWorks for Indonesian People
Important Key Factor Human Community Society
NOT Technology NOT $$$
Major Achievements Bottom-up Community based
Sustainable development No backup from World Bank, IMF,
ADB, in fact, some of these institutions are piggy back on our successes ..
Overview Historical View Key Strategies in injecting a bottom-up
community based development. Internet community development Commercial ISP development Government & incumbent repressive
approaches. Technical aspects in empowering people’s
power to overrule the government ..
Historical View Focus on Social (human) Aspects
Network Topology: Jan 1993
LAN
InterNet
Universitas Indonesia
BPPTLAPAN
ITB
1200 bps2 Meteran
1200 bps UHF
1200 bpsUHF
Homebrew Radio Modem
Software & PC based 286 & e-mail only Freeware network operating
system (NOS) Downloadable from
ftp://ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/packet/
AI3 Indonesia: 1997
AI3Indonesia IIX
WIDE
AI3 S-One /SingaREN vBNS
STARTAP
CA*net3
TransPAC
APAN
Success Factor Community based development. Human Resource Development
Culture! Shifting mind set!
Self-financing.
Human is the key factor!
Key strategies:Community Based Dev’t
Key Strategies Human factor is the most important KEY. Provide Free Education to the Society Copyleft & Copywrong movement
Free? How about the reward? God provides reward in unimaginable ways.
Society Education Process
Surfing
PublishPackaging Disseminate
Feed Back
Real Examples http://www.bogor.net/idkf Mailing lists
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Roadshow Linux seminar, entrance fee US$3/person Free seminars at schools part of JIS.
Internet Community Development
Access Behaviour Source: Adi Nugroho
[email protected] 50% Internet Café in Makassar,
Sulawesi 20-27 January 2002.
Logged Access Sites in Makassar*.yahoo.com 6.96%*.yimg.com 6.77%*.bolehmail.com 4.69%<error> 2.98%*.plasa.com 2.52%*.astaga.com 2.02%*.17tahun.com 1.72%*.doubleclick.net 1.46%*.extrajos.com 1.40%*.msn.com 1.16%*.akamai.net 1.00%*.freebiespider.com 0.85%*.geocities.com 0.76%*.rileks.com 0.75%> 202.53.225.* 0.74%> *.chek.com 0.61%> *.detik.com 0.49%> *.adbutler.com 0.44%> *.kompas.com 0.40%> *.icq.com 0.27%> other: 2nd-level-domains 62.01%> --------------------------------------- ------> Sum 100.00%
Access Behaviour Search engine & webmail are the the most accessed site.
News & online media are next. Indonesian pornograhics site is next in the row (not much).
2.98% users normally mistype the URL.
Yahoo.com & its family is the most (13%) accessed site.
Indonesian Internet Communities http://www.yahoogroups.com http://groups.yahoo.com http://groups.plasa.com
Survey done at yahoogroups.com
Evaluate yahoogroups.com 45.000+ indonesian mailing lists Mostly <100 subscribers Evaluate only >100 subscribers
EvaluationTotal mailinglist 49913Evaluated 30195 (60.5%)Mailing list > 100 subs
1247 (4.2%)
Mailing liststotal 1247Pornography 73 (5.9%)Social 350 (28.1%)Religion 155 (12.4%)Politics 94 (7.5%)Knowledge 257 (20.6%)Hobby 110 (8.8%)Economics 16 (1.3%)Business 192 (15.4%)
Subscriberstotal 451887Pornography 59871 (13.2%)Social 87875 (19.4%)Religion 55055 (12.2%)Politics 32124 (7.1%)Knowledge 83736 (18.5%)Hobby 48342 (10.7%)Economics 4595 (1.0%)Business 80289 (17.8%)
Messages in 2001total 1593523Pornography 42590 (2.7%)Social 371749 (23.3%)Religion 190427 (12.0%)Politics 186583 (11.7%)Knowledge 291544 (18.3%)Hobby 236023 (14.8%)Economics 13542 (0.8%)Business 261065 (16.4%)
Activeness (msg/subs/month)Pornography 0.71Social 4.23Religion 3.46Politics 5.81Knowledge 3.48Hobby 4.88Economics 2.95Business 3.25
Bandwidth (Kbps)total 1,711Pornography 704 (41.2%)Social 236 (13.8%)Religion 146 (8.5%)Politics 113 (6.6%)Knowledge 270 (15.8%)Hobby 103 (6.0%)Economics 9 (0.6%)Business 128 (7.5%)
Commercial ISP Development
Commercial ISPs APJII = Indonesian ISP Association http://www.apjii.or.id IndoNet
the first Indonesian commercial ISP in 1994.
APJII Membership 150+ Principal License Holder 80 Member APJII 40+ active in providing services 100+ cities, all provinces Common Facilities
APJII IIX APJII IDNIC
Domain Registration & NIR (APNIC)
Principal & Operational License
2
16
1
1913
6
17
3 1
72
71
6
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1994 1996 1998 2000
PrinsipOperasi
Subscriber Distribution
Indosat15%
Linket11%
CBN10%
RadNet7%
Centrin7%
Indonet5%
Lain245%
Targeted Total Indonesian Internet Users
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
1999 2000 2001 2002
ISP
Indonesia Internet Exchange
ISP
GLOBAL INTERNETGLOBAL INTERNET
APJII – IIXAPJII – IIX(GCC TELKOM)(GCC TELKOM)
Indonesia Internet Disaster ..
Facing Stubborn Incumbent The Incumbent is paranoid on VoIP
US$30/incoming call line/month; from normally US$3/month
No E1 lines for Indosat & may ISPs No E1 lines for offices
The stubborn incumbent is stubborn Purposely no lines for ISP in several
islands.
Gov’t Emergency Task Force Sickness in Gov’t Policy Framework
No competitive safeguard ISP must uses PSTN lines; while Telco
doesn’t want to give lines to ISP … Sickness in Gov’t Tactical Framework
No creativities are allowed Illegaly sweeping all “illegal” VoIP operators Illegaly sweeping all “illegal” high-speed
Internet Wireless users. Not to mention the unofficial gov’t taxes.
Technical aspects in empowering people’s power
Current Technology Push Wireless Internet 11-54Mbps
Estimated cost US$150 / unit “Unlicensed” band 2.4Ghz, 5-
5.8GHz
Build own network, no Telco!
Wireless 11Mbps PCI Card
2.4Ghz Ant.
Some grassroots movements Internet Café High Speed Wireless Internet (11-
54Mbps)
Indonesian Internet Cafes 2000+ Internet Cafes Mostly self-finance Hangout at
Fight for expanding own network & concept towards community based network.
Indonesian Wireless Internet Close to 1000 corporate users Uses 11Mbps (soon 54Mbps)
wireless connection 2.4GHz (soon at 5-5.8GHz) Hangout [email protected]
Fight for free frequency license
Aims for .. People’s Telecommunication
Infrastructure. No Incumbent / Telco No Government No IMF, No World Bank, No ADB
