Wood Solution Fairs 2012Atlanta and Baltimore

INNOVATIVE TIMBER BASED SYSTEMS FOR SCHOOLSSCHOOLS

Presented by:

Nabih Tahan aia mriaiNabih Tahan, aia, mriai2440 Grant St.Berkeley, Ca. 94703Tel: 510-848-2514Cell: 510-684-0978Email: nabih.tahan@creebyrhomberg.comWebsite: www.creebyrhomberg.com

WoodWorks National Sponsors

AIA/CES

“The Wood Products Council” is a Registered Provider with TheAmerican Institute of Architects Continuing Education SystemsAmerican Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems(AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of anyor construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of anymaterial of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Wood Solution Fairs 2012Atlanta and Baltimore

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This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use py g p , , p y

of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited.

© The Wood Products Council 2011

Learning Objectives

1. Participants will have an overview of the sustainable forestry carbon cycle andthe advantages of using wood as a building material

2. They will become familiar with new and innovative „timber“ products andsystems which can be used for the design and construction of schools.

3 They will become familiar with projects and strategies that have been used to3. They will become familiar with projects and strategies that have been used todesign new schools as well as retrofit existing ones.

4. They will have an understanding of how an integrated „system built“ approachcan improve buildng performance.

Summary of presentation

• Nabih introduction

• Advantages of Wood

• New Wood Products and Systems Driving Innovations

• Systems Approach to Design and Construction

• School Examples: New and Additions, Europe

• School Examples: Systems Approach in USA

• School Examples: New Schools Built with Cross Laminated Timber

• Schools Examples: Prefabricated, Deep Energy Retrofits

• Study from Vienna: Modular timber Based System for Schools

• Performance

• References to other school presentations

Nabih’s Experience

Austria• Multi-family projects• Pre-fabricated in woodPre fabricated in wood• Low energy standard

Nabih’s Experience

IrelandImported low energy, pre-fabricated homes from Austria

BerkeleyRemodeled home to Passive House Standard

Nabih’s Experience

Study for Austrian Trade Commission

Opportunities for transferring know-how pp gbetween Austria and the USA

ConsultingArchitectural, structural and energygyconsulting services including the Passive House Standard.

ProductsDevelopment of high performance products

SystemsDevelopment of modern, industrial construction methods.

ADVANTAGES OF

WOOD

Forestry Carbon Cycle Life Cycle of Buildings

MATERIAL�SELECTION MANUFACTURE

ON�SITEOFF�SITE

OCCUPANCY�DEMOLITION

RECYCLE�/�REUSE���

DISPOSALSELECTION OFF SITE�CONSTRUCTION MAINTENANCE DISPOSAL

Embodied EnergyCompare Concrete – Steel - Wood

+ 2,060 lbs CO2 / ft³ + 1,250 lbs CO2 / ft³ - 60 lbs / ft³150 lbs/ ft³ 485 lbs/ ft³ 28 lbs/ft³

60 kWh/ft³

142 kWh/ft³ 250 kWh/ft³ 5 kWh/ft³

Demolition-Recycle-Reuse-Disposal

Wood recycled for furniture

Wood recycled as building products

Wood convertedWood convertedto energy –see town of Guessing, Austria

NEW WOOD PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS

DRIVING INNOVATIONSDRIVING INNOVATIONS

New Wood Industrial Revolution

Traditional Wood Industry– Working with wood, craftsmanship at a human

and community scale. – Natural, renewable resource– Minimum advancements in technology

Industrial Revolution– Steel– Concrete Energy– Oil, coal Power– Plastics Waste

New Wood Industrial RevolutionCollaboration between carpenter, artisans, forest workers, architects, machinery, engineers, business people, researchers. environmentalists,p p , ,creating green jobs, healthy buildings and a sustainable environment.

High Performance Timber Products

Finger jointed framing lumberGlue laminated timber

Cross Laminated TimberStructural membersStructural members

- Around the year 2000 price of glulam decreased due to machinery, glues, volume- Low moisture content 10-12%, easier to use CNC machinery – noshrinkage, very low tolerance

Industrial Manufacturing Process

Produce panels off-siteArchitect / Builder collaborate electronically

Assemble on SitePrecision cutting of wood members

Hybrid - Wood / Concrete System

AssemblyDesign

Mock-upFire Test

Hybrid System – Fire Testing

Fire Chamber Result of 2 hour Fire Test

Charring Rate: 1 ½” p. hour Comparing wood and steel

Energy Consumption

Annual end energy requirement for buildings in kWh/m²a

For the Passive House: Heat demand max. is 1.4 kWh/ft²/year or 4.75 kBTU/ft²year

End energy requirement in kBTU/ft² a 15.85 31.70 47.55 63.40 79.25 95.10Credit: Guenter Lang Consulting

In kWh / m² / year

Passive House StandardSource: Mika Gröndahl/The New York Times – Snug and Tight – April 30, 2009

SYSTEMSSYSTEMSAPPROACH TO

DESIGNANDAND

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

Infrastructure Unsustainable Patterns

Worldwide, the building industry is responsible for:

- 40% consumption of resources 1) - 25% - 40% consumption of energy 1)

- 30% - 40% emission of greenhouse gas 1) - 30% - 40% of solid waste generation 1)

-60% of the transportation 2)

1) Source: UNEP SBCI – United Nations Environment Program

2) Ton kilometre

Traditional Building Industry

• We build every building manually

• Using very complex methods

• Long construction schedules

• High consumption of energy and resources

• Commercial buildings are exclusively built out of steel and reinforced concretereinforced concrete

Current Methods of Delivering Buildings

Traditional Method Improved Method

Design – Bid - Build Integrated Design ProcessStill a prototype: one team, one building, one system

Industrial “System Approach”

Integral DesignIntegral Design

Building physics

ArchitectureFireprotection/control

Marketing

p

Structuraldesign

Supply Chain Management

Management of Processes

Facility Management

Industrial “System Approach”

Industrial ManufacturingIndustrial Manufacturing

Columns / posts

Core Floor slabs

Mechanicalt Façadesystems ç

Research and Development

Research and Product Development for Timber based building construction for sustainable multi-storey buildings tosustainable multi storey buildings todemonstrate that we can push the limits of wood

LifeCycle Tower• Timber construction system up to

30 floors

LifeCycle Tower

• Industrial pre-fabrication• Passive house standard and

power generation

Building Product and System

To TurnkeyFrom Structural System

And on-site assemblyIncluding all Systems

SCHOOL EXAMPLES:NEW AND ADDITIONSNEW AND ADDITIONS

IN EUROPEIN EUROPE

Campus Kuchl, Salzburg - AdditionArchitect: Dietrich / Untertrifaller Arch., Bregenz, Austria

• Technical college specializing in timberconstruction and engineeringconstruction and engineering

• 3 story wood frame construction withconcrete stairs for additional fire protectionand stiffness

• First high school in Austria to the PassiveHouse Standard, with 14” insulation, triplepglazing, heat recovery ventilation, withbiomass district heating.

Agricultural School - AdditionArchitect: Fink Thurnher Arch., Bregenz, Austria

• 3 story 4 sided building with courtyard in center open, allows view through building and landscape

• Demand for ecology and resource efficiency led to• Demand for ecology and resource efficiency led toPassive House Standard

• Roof Construction is with glulam solid floor slabs with light weight concrete above.

Glue-Laminated Floor Slabs

Agricultural School - AdditionArchitect: Fink Thurnher Arch., Bregenz, Austria

L lll hit fi t t d i d• Locallly grown white fir, untreated is used as visible surfaces for floor, ceilings and interior paneling and exterior cladding.

Switzerland: Kantonschule, in WilArchitect: Staufer & Hasler, Arch. Swizterland.

• One of the largest wood buildings in Switzerland built in timber frame construction with 12’ x 17’ grid4 t t f diff i h i ht t• 4 tracts of differing heights create a courtyard

• 4 concrete cores for stairs and wet rooms for fire protection and stiffness

• Large rooms such as gym which could not heavy load bearing posts werenot heavy load bearing posts wereplaced on top floor and carry only the roof loads.

Switzerland: Kantonschule, in WilArchitect: Staufer & Hasler, Arch. Swizterland.

Engineering and Technical School for Wood Industry. BielArchitect: Marcel Meili, Markus Peter Arch. Swizterland.

• School Addition, 300 feet long x 55 feet high.

• Built with central concrete core for fi t tifire protection.

• Wood modules from prefabricated wall elements were installed on either side of core.

• Balconies were designed to also allow light into coreallow light into core

• Deep overhangs to protect wood• Glue Laminated slabs were used

under windows for stiffness

Hauptschule, Klaus - AustriaArchitect: Dietrich / Untertrifaller Arch. Dornbirn, Austria

• Original school build in the 60’s h d hi h ti t N

• Central stair core as exposed t f dditi l tiffhad high operating costs. New

school built to the Passive House standard and reduces operating costs by 70%

concrete for additional stiffnessand fire protection

• Prefabridated timber frame construction

• Fixed exterior sun shading in copper sheet metal with holescopper sheet metal with holes.appears closed on exterior and transparent from interior

Hauptschule, Klaus - AustriaArchitect: Dietrich / Untertrifaller Arch. Dornbirn, Austria

Fachhochscule Weihenstephan, Freising- MunichArchitect: Florian Nagler Arch. Munich, Germany

• New school built to follow the topography of the hill, with series of ramps and stairs on the interior

• Wood Trellis interior wall as separation to techical rooms

Fachhochscule Weihenstephan, Freising- MunichArchitect: Florian Nagler Arch. Munich, Germany

Excellenzzentrum Garching / MunichArchitect: Hermann Kaufmann, Austria

• Super insulated wood framed elements covering a reinforced concrete core for stairs and chases

• Triple glazed windows throughout

• Exterior shading• Exterior shadingelement to reduce heat gains

Various School ProjectsArchitect: Hermann Kaufmann, Austria

School in Bizau, Austria – Addition and remodel

Kinderhaus Garsching, Munich School in Schnepfau, Austria – Addition and remodel

SCHOOL EXAMPLES: SYSTEMS APPROACHSYSTEMS APPROACH

IN USAIN USA

Burr and Burton Academy, VermontArchitect / Builder: Bensonwood, New Hampshire

School CampusPeru, VermontBuild Date: May 2012LEED Platinum Certifications

In-house Design / Build Team allows for:In house Design / Build Team allows for:•Faster design and turn-around times•3D modeling software – quick studies•Better, air-tight structures•Greater project coordination•Less plan / concept confusion•Lower project cost and schedules•Digitally controlled fabrication

Common Ground High School, New Haven, ConnecticutEngineer / Fabricator: Bensonwood, New Hampshire

High School CampusNew Haven, ConnecticutBuild Date: August 2012

Project TeamArchitect: Gray Organschi ArchitectureEngineer: Foundations: Edward Stanley EngineersEngineer Superstructure-fabricator: Bensonwood

Revit Model from Gray Organschi Architect

Bensonwood’s timber modeling

Bensonwood Cadwork model from imported Revit model

Bensonwood’s panelized structure

Coastal Maine botanical Gardens, MaineBuilding Shell Fabricator: Bensonwood, New Hampshire

Educational CenterBoothbay Harbor, MaineBuild Date: January 2011LEED Pl tiLEED PlantinumNet Zero facility

Project TeamArchitect: Macklay Architects / Scott Simons Architects

From virtual model to finished building

Architect: Macklay Architects / Scott Simons ArchitectsStructural: Becker Structural Engineers, IncMechanical Engineer: Allied EngineeringGeneral Contractor: HP CummingsBuilding Shell Fabricator: Bensonwood

Mechanical System Modeling / Building Integration –solves interference problems before they occur

From virtual model to finished building

SCHOOL EXAMPLES NEWSCHOOL EXAMPLES NEWSCHOOLS BUILT INSCHOOLS BUILT INCROSS LAMINATED

TIMBER (CLT)

Bessemer Grange Children’s Center - Southwark, LondonConstructed by: KLH UK Engineers: Techniker Architect: Architype

Advantages of CLT•Speed of Construction: o 6 to 8 weeks

• Renovation of existing school• New 2 story CLT butterfly-roof creates new

o 6 to 8 weekso 200 to 300 ft² per day

•Cleanliness:o Minimum dust, easy to maintain

•Wide-span Constructiono Spans 12 to 30 feet

classrooms, and nursery facilities• Links to existing pre-fabricated steel structure

po Transport up to 50 foot slabso Reduces overall weight of

structure by about a third

Rye Oak Children’s Center – Southwark, LondonConstructed by: KLH UK Engineers: Techniker Egger Architects

• New Extension to existing school.• Internal and external walls, floors, roof and

canopies, reception stair, lift core, bridges are constructed with CLT

• Spans of 20 feet for roof and classroom

Advantages of CLT•Flexibilityo Architectural features, open

corners, cantilevers, open stairs •Embodied Energy for Handling • Spans of 20 feet for roof and classroom

areas• Fast and efficient – constructed in 6 weeks

Embodied Energy for Handlingo Few parts – handling of

materials in only two lifts

St. Charles Catholic Sixth Form College, LondonConstructed by: KLH UK Engineers: Techniker Architect: Studio E

• New multi-use sports hall, fitness studio and teaching facilityAdvantages of CLT

•Work Health and Safetyo No wet trades, hot material, sharp edges, curing

materials, bottled gases or additiveso Battery powered hand held tools instead of

heavy tools used for concrete and steel•High Fabrication Tolerances•High Fabrication Toleranceso Panels are within 1/16” tolerances where

concrete frames are up to ¼” and ½ “

Kingsdale School, LondonConstructed by: KLH UK Engineers: Techniker dRMM Architects

• New sports hall and music school

• Reduction of elementsAdvantages of CLT

• Reduction of elements –Four CLT walls with rigid roof diaphragm on glulam beams.

• Building prefabricated in Austria and erected in 2

•Detailso Connect panels with double threaded screwso Stronger joints require plates and angleso Easy to install windows, trim etc. because of

1/16 “ accuracyo Fire resistant chars without igniting

weeks in Londono Fire resistant – chars without ignitingo Higher acoustic performance with floating floor

construction

Examples of CLT – High School in Taufkirchen / Pram, AustriaArchitect: Dietmar Feichtinger Architects CLT Manufacturer: www.klh.at

Examples of CLT – Sports Hall in Studenzen, Austria Design: DI Werner Trummer, Feldbach www.klh.at

Examples of CLT – Elemantary School Hermagor, Austria Design: DI Dr. Herwig Ronacher www.klh.at

SCHOOL EXAMPLESSCHOOL EXAMPLES:PREFABRICATEDPREFABRICATED,

DEEP ENERGY RETROFITS

Elementary School St. Leonhard – Arnoldstein, AustriaArchitect: Gerhard Kopeinig – Arch + More, Austria

• Passive house retrofit • Prefabricated wall

elements, completely wrapped existing buildingbuilding

• Pellet heating system• Reduced heating costs

by 90%

Elementary School St. Leonhard – Arnoldstein, AustriaArchitect: Gerhard Kopeinig – Arch + More, Austria

• Reduced thermal bridging • Insulated building envelope, including

ground slab• Heat recovery ventilation, with silencers• Exterior shading

Polutechnical School Remodel, Schwanenstadt, AustriaProject Coordination: Guenter Lang Consulting, Austria

Polutechnical School Remodel, Schwanenstadt, AustriaProject Coordination: Guenter Lang Consulting, Austria

STUDY FROM VIENNA FORSTUDY FROM VIENNA FORMODULAR TIMBER BASED

SYSTEM FOR SCHOOLS

Vienna: Study for Erecting Temporary and Permanent schools Project

Goal: Create basis for developing a modular, woodbased system to build quickly and economicallytemporary and permanent schools to high architecturaland ecological standards

Preplanned modules based on an app. 10 foot layout resulting in classrooms app. 700 ft²

and ecological standards.

•Alternate to current steel container system•Develop a standard specification system•Enable simple process of planning and cost estimatingand scheduling•Document and compare study to other national and•Document and compare study to other national andinternational examples•Develop modular system for construction andspecifications with the cooperrtion of companies workingin the area of wood industry.•City of Vienna and wood research institutes reviewed

t f d li d t h i l f ibilit

A few of the different grids designed to classrooms, bathrooms, offices, etc.

concept for code compliance and technical feasibility

Issues of concern•Comfort in summer and winter•Indoor air quality•Fire protection and acoustics•Day-lighting and solar gains•Electromagatic quality•Ecological quality of building materials•Space and functional requirement•Building Science•Building systems (MEP) and standardsg y ( )•Cost,•Scheduling•Permit approval process

Vienna: Study for Erecting Temporary and Permanent schools Project

Modules created from grids Wall system developed

Vienna: Study for Erecting Temporary and Permanent schools Project

Modules prefabricated from predesigned elements and can be covered with several façade systems.

Example of plug on facadeExample of plug on facade

Exposedwood floor

Hybrid wood concrete floor

Timber frame construction

Example of wall section

Vienna: Study for Erecting Temporary and Permanent schoolsProject

Floor plans created from modules

Building Section with exposed timber ceilings, beams, walls, facades, etc.

Perspective of school designed with modular system

Vienna: Study for Erecting Temporary and Permanent schools Project

Temporary and Semi Permanent Schools in Timber Construction

PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE

Cost Comparisons

30,000

LifeCycle Tower: Cost comparisonWood construction vs. Reinforced Concrete construction

MIO US$

8,640

8591,10925,000

8,079

15 000

20,000

Share in the costsMEP

9,53410,328

10,000

15,000InteriorShell & CoreDesign

1 586 1 586

6,8635,123

5,000

1,586 1,5860

Wood construction Reinforeced concrete construction

CO2 Equivalents

25,000,000 lbs

LifeCycle Tower: CO2-equivalentsWood construction / Reinforced Concrete construction

18,277,481 lbs1,290,434 lbs

3,423,241 lbs

20,000,000 lbs

10,000,000 lbs

15,000,000 lbs

EOL Maintenance totalMaintenance total

3,247,923 lbs

5,000,000 lbs

Maintenance totalEOL Production totalProduction total

325,295 lbs-1,564,131 lbs

-64,143 lbs-117,075 lbs

-5,000,000 lbs

0 lbs

R.C.C.Total: 22,874,081 lbs CO2

Wood constructionTotal: 1,944,944 lbs CO2

REFERENCESREFERENCES

Additional Presentations on Wood Schools http://www.woodworks.org/resources/Presentations.aspx

• Wood in School Construction • Greg Bates. Engineered Wood Specialist, APA, Rocklin California

• Wood in Modern School Construction• Bryan Readling, Professional Engineer

• The Case for Wood - One School’s Journey • Jerry Brackett, AIA

• Removing Restrictions on Wood Framed Schools• Removing Restrictions on Wood Framed Schools• Alex C James, AIA, GIT

• Wood in School Construction – Building for Our Future• Scott Lockyear, WoodWorks

• Recent article in Architectural Records:• Wood Scores A+ in School Construction• Wood Scores A+ in School Construction

http://continuingeducation.construction.com/article.php?L=221&C=864

Questions?

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Courseg y

Nabih Tahan, AIA2440 Grant St. Berkeley, Ca. 94703

Tel: 510-848-2514 510-684-0978 cellEmail: nabih.tahan@creebyrhomberg.com

www.creebyrhomberg.com

Wood Products Council 866.966.3448 info@woodworks.org