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EU FP7 ICT STREP SEMAFOUR (316384)
INFSO-ICT-316384 SEMAFOUR
D6.5
Report on Dissemination, Exploitation and Liaison Activities
During Year 2
Contractual Date of Delivery to the EC: August 31st, 2014
Actual Date of Delivery to the EC: August 29th, 2014
Work Package WP6 – Dissemination and Exploitation
Participants: NSN-D, ATE, iMinds, FT, TNO, TUBS
Authors Andreas EISENBLÄTTER, Sana BEN JEMAA, Thomas KÜRNER,
Remco LITJENS, Lars Christoph SCHMELZ, Kathleen SPAEY,
Colin WILLCOCK, Kristina ZETTERBERG
Reviewers Hans VAN DEN BERG, Thomas KÜRNER, Colin WILLCOCK
Estimated Person Months: 11
Dissemination Level Public
Nature Report
Version 1.0
Total number of pages: 32
Abstract: In the second year of the SEMAFOUR project, the dissemination activities further
improved the project‟s visibility towards the research community and the telecom industry. The
SEMAFOUR demonstrator has continuously been improved. The SEMAFOUR project has continued
to monitor related activities in 3GPP, NGMN and IEEE 802 through liaisons. Exploitation plans have
been refined by each partner describing how results will be exploited for research, development,
business decisions and education.
Keywords: SEMAFOUR, Self-organisation, Dissemination, Exploitation, Scientific community,
Publications, EU projects cooperation, Standardisation, Industry cooperation
Ref. Ares(2014)2833324 - 29/08/2014
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Executive Summary
The SEMAFOUR project is extending know-how and produces tangible results for the partners
involved. An effective dissemination, both within and outside of the project, helps to leverage the
gains from the project. Already during the first year, the SEMAFOUR project had extensive
dissemination activities in various directions. In the second year, i.e., during the reporting period, these
activities were successfully continued, shifting the emphasis from rising awareness of the project to
presenting findings and results.
Within the reporting period, a total of seventeen articles and conferences papers have been accepted or
already published. Representatives from the project attended sixteen events, in most cases with one or
more active contributions (e.g., presentations, posters, panel discussions). The SEMAFOUR
demonstrator in its preliminary and its intermediate version has been very successfully used in six
events (including ICT 2013 in Vilnius, Lithuania) in order to illustrate the project vision and first
technical results. The video showing and explaining the intermediate version of the SEMAFOUR
demonstrator (D3.3) is available to the public from the project‟s website and has received strong
positive feedback.
The project‟s activities with respect to standardisation have led to a 3GPP RAN3 contribution (R3-
140184 through NSN) related to two SEMAFOUR use cases (traffic steering and joint resource
coordination) and the establishment of an explicit liaison with NGMN concerning dynamic spectrum
allocation (DSA). Further contacts and cooperation with the industrial community have, most
prominently, been established through regular interaction with the SEMAFOUR Advisory Board
consisting of major European operators.
While the exploitation of initial project outcomes proceeded as planned, the plans are continually
being updated and refined. Finally, all internal dissemination measures implemented during the first
project year, in particular, those supporting exchange among partners, proved effective and sufficient.
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List of Authors
Partner Name E-mail
NSN-D Colin Willcock
Lars Christoph Schmelz
ATE Andreas Eisenblätter [email protected]
EAB Kristina Zetterberg [email protected]
iMinds Kathleen Spaey [email protected]
FT Sana Ben Jemaa [email protected]
TNO Remco Litjens [email protected]
TUBS Thomas Kürner [email protected]
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
CCO Coverage and Capacity Optimisation
CT Core Network and Terminals
DSA Dynamic Spectrum Allocation
DSS Decision Support System
EC European Commission
EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
EPC Evolved Packet Core
EU European Union
E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
FP7 Seventh Framework Programme
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GSM Global System for Mobile communication
HSPA High Speed Packet Access
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IPR Intellectual Property Right
KPI Key Performance Indicator
LTE Long Term Evolution
MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
MD Monitoring and Diagnosis
MDT Minimisation of Drive Testing
MLB Mobility Load Balancing
MRO Mobility Robustness Optimisation
NGCOR Next Generation Converged Operations Requirements
NGMN Next Generation Mobile Networks
NM Network Manager
OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance
OPE Operational Efficiency
OSS Operations Support System
PBSM Policy-Based SON Management
RAN Radio Access Network
RAS Radio Access and Spectrum
RAT Radio Access Technology
SA Service and System Aspects
SDO Standards Development Organisations
SI Study Item
SON Self-Organising Network
TDD Time Division Duplex
TSG Technical Specification Group
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
VDE/ITG Verband der Elektrotechnik / Informationstechnische Gesellschaft
WG Working Group
WI Work Item
Wi-Fi Any WLAN product based on the IEEE 802.11 standards
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
WP Work Package
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 6
2 Dissemination Instruments .......................................................................... 7
2.1 SEMAFOUR Website ................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Internal Communication ........................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 E-mail Reflectors, Document Share, Wiki ........................................................................ 8 2.2.2 Meetings and Phone Conferences ...................................................................................... 9
2.3 Sharing of Scenario Data for Simulations ............................................................... 9
3 Dissemination to the Scientific Community ............................................. 10
3.1 Participation in Scientific Meetings, Conferences, and Workshops ..................... 10 3.2 List of Publications .................................................................................................. 11
3.3 Contacts and Cooperation with Other European Projects .................................... 12 3.4 Demonstrations ........................................................................................................ 13
3.5 SEMAFOUR Workshop .......................................................................................... 15
4 Contacts and Cooperation with the Industrial Community .................. 16
4.1 Advisory Board ........................................................................................................ 16
4.2 Exchange within Companies of Partners ............................................................... 16
5 3GPP Standardisation and Related Activities ......................................... 17
5.1 3GPP ........................................................................................................................ 17 5.1.1 3GPP TSG RAN .............................................................................................................. 17
5.1.1.1 3GPP RAN Plenary................................................................................................. 17 5.1.1.2 3GPP RAN2 ............................................................................................................ 18 5.1.1.3 3GPP RAN3 ............................................................................................................ 18
5.1.2 3GPP TSG SA ................................................................................................................. 18 5.1.2.1 3GPP SA5 ............................................................................................................... 18
5.2 NGMN ...................................................................................................................... 18 5.3 IEEE 802.11 ............................................................................................................ 19
6 Exploitation ................................................................................................. 20
7 Concluding Remarks .................................................................................. 24
8 References ................................................................................................... 25
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1 Introduction
All partners from the SEMAFOUR project strive for strengthening their positions on integrated radio
network management as well as self-organising networks (e.g., SON functions) within their respective
environments. This deliverable reports on the dissemination and liaison activities of the SEMAFOUR
project within the second year of the project, the reporting period. It also reports on ongoing and
planned exploitation.
Already during the first year, the SEMAFOUR project had extensive dissemination activities in
various directions. In the second year, these activities were successfully continued, shifting the
emphasis from rising awareness of the project to presenting findings and results.
Furthermore, as the project proceeds each partner is refining its plans on how project results will be
exploited in their own area of business. This deliverable captures the status at the end of the second
year.
The document is structured as follows. First, Chapter 2 presents dissemination instruments used for
information spreading both internally within the project, and externally. In Chapter 3, dissemination to
the scientific community, through participation in scientific conferences, publications, cooperation,
demonstration and workshops, is described. In Chapter 4, contacts and cooperation with the industrial
community are described, and in Chapter 5, contacts towards 3GPP standardisation and other related
activities are presented. Chapter 6 gives the exploitation plans for the project partners. Concluding
remarks are given in Chapter 7.
Notice: This deliverable is a considerable update in comparison to deliverable D6.4 [1]. Where still
up to date, however, this deliverable contains material from its previous version, often in the exact
same words as in the previous document, without this being implicitly or explicitly marked in the text.
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2 Dissemination Instruments
This chapter provides an overview of the use of the main dissemination instruments during the second
year of the project. We also discuss the collaboration tools (email reflectors, team site, meetings and
phone conferences, tools for exchanging simulation data) that are used for the dissemination of
information among the project partners.
2.1 SEMAFOUR Website
A project website has been created and launched at project kick-off. It is accessible at
http://www.fp7-semafour.eu.
The project website is the main dissemination channel towards the public. It serves as a source of
information for external parties that are interested in the work, results and events of the SEMAFOUR
project. Figure 1 shows a screenshot of the main page of the SEMAFOUR website, on which the
navigation structure can be seen on the right.
Figure 1: Screenshot of the main page of the SEMAFOUR website.
The website is a dynamic environment to which information is added as it becomes available. All
partners provide content to keep the information on the website up-to-date. In particular, the sections
„Presentations & demonstrations‟, „Publications‟, „Public Deliverables‟, „News‟ and „Videos‟ are
updated frequently.
The website is hosted by the University of Antwerp and maintained by iMinds. Statistics about its
visitors are collected using Google Analytics [2]. These statistics reveal that between July 26th, 2013
and July 25th, 2014, the website attracted 2954 visitors, of which 1648 are unique visitors. The average
duration of a visit was 3:16 minutes, and all visits together correspond to 9079 page views. Some more
statistics are shown in Figure 2: (a) the top-10 countries of which visits originate; (b) the top-10 of
most visited pages; (c) the top-10 of sources of the visits.
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(a) Top-10 origin countries of visits
(b) Top-10 most visited pages
(c) Top-10 sources of visits
Figure 2: Statistics about visits of the website www.fp7-semafour.eu collected over the period
26.07.2013 until 25.07.2014
2.2 Internal Communication
2.2.1 E-mail Reflectors, Document Share, Wiki
For easy communication among all project members, we continue to use closed-access email reflectors
created and maintained by TUBS. Nine reflectors are in use:
A general reflector which forwards e-mails to all SEMAFOUR members
A reflector for each of the SEMAFOUR work packages (WP1 - WP6)
A reflector for the SEMAFOUR project board
A reflector for the SEMAFOUR advisory board
For safe and easy document sharing and collaboration, TUBS maintains a team site for the project,
using the Alfresco platform [3], which is an enterprise content cloud platform. Access to the team site
is password protected and limited to SEMAFOUR members. The team site is the main dissemination
channel among the project partners. It is used for collaboration on deliverables, reports, publications,
etc. Besides this, the site is also used for management and financial reporting, and for building Wikis,
e.g., a Wiki about calls for papers on SEMAFOUR topics and the use of SONLAB for WP4 and WP5
simulations.
The team site is typically exploited in combination with the SEMAFOUR email reflectors: after a
document has been uploaded, an email including a link to the document on the site is sent out using
one of the e-mail reflectors. Applying this policy avoids sending around large documents, but also
makes sure that at the same time all project documents are archived.
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2.2.2 Meetings and Phone Conferences
Regular meetings among all project partners are continued to be held roughly every 3 months. These
meetings include plenary sessions, Work Package (WP) meetings, and a Project Board meeting. We
maximize the possibility for all partners to be present by fixing dates and places of the meetings well
ahead in time. The plenary meetings held in the reporting period are:
September 16 – 18, 2013, iMinds – Antwerp, Belgium
December 11 – 13, 2013, FT – Paris, France
March 26 – 28, 2014, ATE – Berlin, Germany
June 16 – 18, 2014, NSN – Aalborg, Denmark
There are also intermediate phone conferences and meetings as the need arises. A Project Board
meeting is scheduled every month on the 3rd
Monday. Additionally, phone conferences are set up
regularly for technical discussions at work package or activity level among all involved partners. For
this purpose, NSN provides a phone conference platform and, if required, a Cisco WebEx solution for
the sharing of documents.
2.3 Sharing of Scenario Data for Simulations
Scenario data that is used in WP4 and WP5 is shared among the partners that perform simulation
studies. The SEMAFOUR simulation data is highly complex, among others, comprising high-
resolution 3D path-loss predictions for 65 macro and various micro sites at several frequencies,
mobility patterns for users in cars, on bicycles, or on foot, positions for static users, and traffic
intensity maps as functions of time. Making such a complex environment description available to a
simulator does require considerable effort.
The SONLAB platform allows for simulating the environment and its changes over time. Routines
that simulate (parts of) the environment, user behaviour, network functions, SON functions, SON
management functions can be cast into SONLAB clients and engage in distributed multi-party
simulations. While inevitable for integrating WP4 SON functions and WP5 management functions
into one simulations environment, this feature is already highly convenient even for simulations of
individual SON functions, because the effort of making the complex environment simulation available
needs to be spent only once.
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3 Dissemination to the Scientific Community
This chapter provides information about the dissemination activities of SEMAFOUR towards the
scientific community through conferences, workshops demonstrations, publications during the second
project year. Contacts and cooperation with other European projects are also discussed.
3.1 Participation in Scientific Meetings, Conferences, and Workshops
During the second year of the project, SEMAFOUR members presented and demonstrated the
project‟s vision and results at scientific meetings, conferences, and workshops. A list of the
presentations and demonstrations given during the second year is given below. Most of the given
presentations are available for download on the SEMAFOUR website www.fp7-semafour.eu.
1) 26.08.2014: ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON
2014), Barcelona, Spain
o Presentation by Yu Wang: Performance of WLAN RSS-based SON for LTE/WLAN
access network selection
o Presentation by István Kovács: Performance of SON for RSRP-based LTE/WLAN access
network selection
o Presentation by Fredrik Gunnarsson: On design principles for self-organizing network
functions
o Presentation by Christoph Frenzel: SON management based on weighted objectives and
combined SON function models
o Presentation by Konstantinos Trichias: Performance evaluation and SON aspects of
vertical sectorisation in a realistic LTE network environment
o Demonstration + poster presentation by Sören Hahn, Simon Lohmüller, and Christoph
Schmelz: Demonstrator for objective driven SON operation
2) 22.08.2014: ACM SIGCOMM - 4th Workshop on All Things Cellular: Operations, Applications
and Challenges 2014, Chicago, USA
Accepted presentation: SON conflict resolution using reinforcement learning with state
aggregation
3) 23.06.2014 - 26.06.2014: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC
2014), Bologna, Italy
Presentation by Colin Willcock: Cognitive management for future radio access networks
4) 22.06.2014 - 26.06.2014: Tenth International Conference on Wireless and Mobile
Communications (ICWMC 2014), Seville, Spain
Presentation by Bart Sas: Classifying users based on their mobility behaviour in LTE networks
5) 02.06.2014: World Telecommunications Congress (WTC 2014), Berlin, Germany
Presentation by Andreas Eisenblätter (using data and results from SEMAFOUR): Small Cell
Planning
6) 26.05.2014 - 28.05.2014: COST IC1004 10th MC & Scientific Meeting, Aalborg, Denmark
Presentation by Sören Hahn: Mobility load balancing - a case study: hexagon vs. realistic
scenarios
7) 05.05.2014 - 09.05.2014: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS
2014), Krakow, Poland
o Presentation by Christoph Frenzel: Dynamic, context-specific SON management driven
by operator objectives
o Presentation by Sören Hahn: SON management simulator - implementation and findings
o Demonstration + poster presentation by Christoph Schmelz and Sören Hahn: SON
management demonstrator
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8) 06.04.2014: WCNC - IEEE International Workshop on Self-Organising Networks (SONETS
2014), Istanbul, Turkey
o Keynote presentation by Colin Willcock: Integrated self-management for future radio
access networks
o Presentation by Ovidiu Iacoboaiea: SON coordination for parameter conflict resolution: a
reinforcement learning framework
9) 17.03.2014 - 20.03.2014: Future Internet Assembly (FIA) 2014, Athens, Greece
o Demonstration by Colin Willcock and Tanneke Ouboter: SEMAFOUR demonstration
o Presentation by Colin Willcock: Perspectives of network management evolution towards
5G. Workshop on Radio Access and Spectrum Innovations for 5G
o Colin Willcock, member of panel session: What are the key RAN innovations to ignite
5G? Workshop on Radio Access and Spectrum Innovations for 5G
10) 19.11.2013 - 20.11.2013: Mobile Network Optimisation 2013, Amsterdam, Netherlands
o Presentation by Hans van den Berg: Overview of the European research project FP7
SEMAFOUR on self-management in HetNets
o Hans van den Berg, member of panel session: Will SON enable a future of the self-
managing network?
11) 13.11.2013 - 15.11.2013: Wireless Days 2013, Valencia, Spain
Poster presentation by J. Lorca and A.M. Sierra: A simple speed estimation algorithm for
mobility-aware SON RRM strategies in LTE
12) 06.11.2013 - 08.11.2013: ICT 2013, Vilnius, Lithuania
Demonstration by Sören Hahn, Tanneke Ouboter and Colin Willcock: Self-management and
decision support in heterogeneous mobile radio networks
13) 22.10.2013 - 23.10.2013: Future Networks 12th FP7 Concertation meeting, Brussels, Belgium
o Presentation by Colin Willcock: Update on 3GPP radio access networks standardisation
and opportunities for RAS cluster projects. RAS cluster workshop on Worldwide
Perspectives in Flexible Spectrum Use and Opportunities for Standardisation
o Panel session chaired by Colin Willcock: C-RAN (Cloud Radio Access Networks)
concepts.
14) 01.10.2013 - 02.10.2013: 4th annual Self-Organising Networks Conference, Nice, France
Presentation by Ljupco Jorguseski: Outlook towards SON enhancements for HetNets
15) 30.09.2013 - 01.10.2013: Korea-EU Technical Workshop, Seoul, Korea
Presentation by Colin Willcock: Integrated self-management for future radio access networks
16) 25.09.2013 - 27.09.2013: COST IC1004 8th MC & Scientific Meeting, Ghent, Belgium
Presentation by Dennis M. Rose: The IC 1004 urban Hannover scenario - 3D pathloss predictions
and realistic traffic and mobility patterns
3.2 List of Publications
Most of the publications during the second year of the project can be downloaded from the
SEMAFOUR website www.fp7-semafour.eu, or are available via a link towards a digital library. This
is the list of the SEMAFOUR publications from the second project year:
1) Yu Wang, Relja Djapic, Andreas Bergström, István Z. Kovács, Daniela Laselva, Kathleen Spaey,
Bart Sas. Performance of WLAN RSS-based SON for LTE/WLAN Access Network Selection.
ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON 2014),
August 2014
2) István Z. Kovács, Daniela Laselva, Per-Henrik Michaelsen, Yu Wang, Relja Djapic, Kathleen
Spaey. Performance of SON for RSRP-based LTE/WLAN Access Network Selection. ISWCS
2014 - Fourth International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON 2014), August 2014
3) Zwi Altman, Mehdi Amirijoo, Fredrik Gunnarsson, Hendrik Hoffman, István Z. Kovács, Daniela
Laselva, Bart Sas, Kathleen Spaey, Abdoulaye Tallo, Hans van den Berg, Kristina Zetterberg. On
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Design Principles for Self-Organizing Network Functions. ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International
Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON 2014), August 2014
4) Christoph Frenzel, Simon Lohmüller, Lars Christoph Schmelz. SON Management based on
Weighted Objectives and Combined SON Function Models. ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International
Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON 2014), August 2014
5) Konstantinos Trichias, Remco Litjens, Zwi Altman, Abdoulaye Tall, Pradeepa Ramachandra.
Performance Evaluation and SON Aspects of Vertical Sectorisation in a Realistic LTE Network
Environment. ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks
(IWSON 2014), August 2014
6) Lars Christoph Schmelz, Andreas Eisenblätter, Sören Hahn, Thomas Kürner, Remco Litjens,
Andreas Lobinger, Simon Lohmüller, Bart Sas, Ulrich Türke. Demonstrator for Objective Driven
SON Operation. ISWCS 2014 - Fourth International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks
(IWSON 2014), August 2014
7) Ovidiu Iacoboaiea, Berna Sayrac, Sana Ben Jemaa, Pascal Bianchi. SON Conflict Resolution
using Reinforcement Learning with State Aggregation. ACM SIGCOMM - 4th Workshop on All
Things Cellular: Operations, Applications and Challenges 2014, August 2014
8) Bart Sas, Kathleen Spaey, Chris Blondia. Classifying Users Based on Their Mobility Behaviour in
LTE Networks. Tenth International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications
(ICWMC 2014), June 2014
9) Sören Hahn, Dennis M. Rose, Thomas Kürner. Mobility Load Balancing - a Case Study: Hexagon
vs. Realistic Scenarios. COST IC1004 TD(14)100300, May 2014
10) Sören Hahn, Lars Christoph Schmelz, Andreas Eisenblätter, Thomas Kürner. SON Management
Simulator - Implementation and Findings. IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management
Symposium (NOMS 2014), May 2014
11) Lars Christoph Schmelz, Sören Hahn, Andreas Eisenblätter, Simon Lohmüller, Christoph Frenzel,
Thomas Kürner. SON Management Demonstrator. IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and
Management Symposium (NOMS 2014), May 2014
12) Christoph Frenzel, Simon Lohmüller, Lars Christoph Schmelz. Dynamic, Context-Specific SON
Management Driven by Operator Objectives. IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management
Symposium (NOMS 2014), May 2014
13) Ovidiu Iacoboaiea, Berna Sayrac, Sana Ben Jemaa, Pascal Bianchi. SON Coordination for
Parameter Conflict Resolution: A Reinforcement Learning Framework. WCNC - IEEE
International Workshop on Self-Organising Networks (SONETS 2014), April 2014
14) RAS cluster white paper with input from SEMAFOUR. 5G Radio Network Architecture.
http://www.ict-ras.eu/, February 2014
15) Jan van den Brink. Self-Managing Mobile Network / Mobiel netwerk redt zichzelf wel. TNO
TIME (article based on an interview with J.L. van den Berg and R. Litjens), Winter 2013
16) J. Lorca, A. Sierra. A Simple Speed Estimation Algorithm for Mobility-Aware SON RRM
Strategies in LTE. Wireless Days 2013, November 2013
17) Dennis M. Rose, Thomas Jansen, Thomas Werthmann, Ulrich Türke, Thomas Kürner. The IC
1004 Urban Hannover Scenario - 3D Pathloss Predictions and Realistic Traffic and Mobility
Patterns. COST IC1004 TD(13)08054, September 2013
3.3 Contacts and Cooperation with Other European Projects
In the SEMAFOUR dissemination plan (D6.3) [4], a number of European research projects
considering topics relevant to the content of the SEMAFOUR project have been identified. The
dissemination plan discussed what each of the identified projects is (was) about, how this relates to
SEMAFOUR and how the liaison between SEMAFOUR and the particular projects is ensured. In
D6.4 [1], the concrete interactions SEMAFOUR had with other projects during its first year have been
described. In the following paragraphs, the interactions during the second project year are discussed.
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During the second project year, most interactions of SEMAFOUR with other European projects
happened at events organised by or with the support of the European Commission or within the
context of the Radio Access and Spectrum FP7 Future Networks Cluster (RAS cluster) [5].
Within the RAS cluster, projects are grouped into two working groups, where SEMAFOUR
contributes to WG2 on „High Capacity Radio Network Architecture‟. In this WG, a white paper on the
view from the European research community on the architecture aspects of 5G mobile and wireless
communication systems has been written. SEMAFOUR provided input to the structure of this paper
and contributed with a section on Automated Network Organisation.
At the Future Networks 12th FP7 Concertation meeting organised on October 22-23, 2013, in
Brussels, Belgium, a presentation „Update on 3GPP radio access networks standardisation and
opportunities for RAS cluster projects‟ has been given during the RAS cluster workshop on
Worldwide Perspectives in Flexible Spectrum Use and Opportunities for Standardisation. During the
plenary session, a panel session on C-RAN (Cloud Radio Access Networks) has been chaired.
At ICT 2013, which took place in Vilnius, Lithuania, on November 6-8, 2013, SEMAFOUR was
presented with an exhibition stand to showcase the SEMAFOUR demonstration on „Self-management
and decision support in heterogeneous mobile radio networks.‟
Also at the Future Internet Assembly (FIA 2014) on March 17-20, 2014, in Athens, Greece, the
SEMAFOUR demonstration has been exhibited. At the pre-FIA workshop on Radio Access and
Spectrum Innovations for 5G, a presentation „Perspectives on network management evolution towards
5G‟ has been given, and a panel session about „What are the key RAN innovations to ignite 5G‟ has
been participated in.
Also at the Korea-EU Technical Workshop on September 30 - October 1, 2013, in Seoul, Korea, the
SEMAFOUR project has been presented.
Besides the contacts at EU organised events, SEMAFOUR has also strengthened its contacts with the
CELTIC-plus project SHARING and the COST IC 1004 project.
Like SEMAFOUR, also the SHARING project performs research on self-organising networks. In
April 2014, SHARING has organised the IEEE International Workshop on Self-Organising Networks
(SONETS 2014) in conjunction with WCNC 2014, to which SEMAFOUR contributed with a keynote
presentation and a paper on SON coordination. Further, the SHARING project has been invited for
giving a presentation at the next SEMAFOUR workshop (see Section 3.5).
COST IC 1004 is a COST action on Cooperative Radio Communication for Green Smart
Environments. WG3 (Radio Networks) of COST IC 1004 is also covering SON aspects. SEMAFOUR
results have been presented at the 8th (September 2013) and 10th (May 2014) MC & Scientific
meetings in Ghent, Belgium, and Aalborg, Denmark, respectively. At the first meeting, a reduced
version of the SEMAFOUR “Hannover scenario” has been presented, while at the second meeting a
case study on the effect of mobility load balancing in different scenarios has been presented.
3.4 Demonstrations
In this section we list the events at which SEMAFOUR demonstrations have been given, followed by
a high-level description of the content of these demonstrations. Please refer to the most recent
SEMAFOUR WP3 deliverable (D3.3 „Demonstrator (intermediate version)‟) [6] for more details on
the content, noting that the most recently given demonstration, i.e., the one at the IWSON 2014
workshop, uses a further enhancement of the SEMAFOUR demonstrator that has not yet been
formally delivered.
In the second year of the SEMAFOUR project, demonstrations on the project achievements have been
given at six different events:
Information and Communication Technology conference (ICT 2013), Vilnius, Lithuania,
November 6-8, 2013
Annual SEMAFOUR project review, Brussels, Belgium, November 14, 2013
Demonstration at Orange Labs, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France, December 13, 2013
Future Internet Assembly (FIA 2014), Athens, Greece, March 18-20, 2014
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Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS 2014), Krakow, Poland May 5-9,
2014
International Workshop on Self-Organizing Networks (IWSON 2014), Barcelona, Spain,
August 26, 2014
At the ICT 2013 and FIA 2014 events, as well as the demonstrations given at the annual SEMAFOUR
project review and at Orange Labs, essentially the same set of two demonstrations was given, viz.
„Policy-Based SON Management‟ and the „Decision Support System,‟ which are briefly described
below. Figure 3 shows the SEMAFOUR demonstration stand at the ICT 2013 conference.
Figure 3: SEMAFOUR demonstration stand at the ICT 2013conference in Vilnius, Lithuania,
November 6-8, 2013.
The „Policy-Based SON Management‟ demonstration showcases how an operator-selected general
network-level objective automatically sets the control parameters of the Mobility Robustness
Optimisation (MRO), Mobility Load Balancing (MLB) and Capacity and Coverage Optimisation
(CCO) SON functions, and thereby drives the behaviour and performance of an LTE network in line
with the selected objective.
The „Decision Support System‟ (DSS) demonstration showcases the timely detection of future
performance bottlenecks, and the automatic generation and assessment of possible network upgrades
to prevent the bottleneck from occurring. Considered upgrades include the addition of a new site of
some type or the upgrade of an existing site from featuring three to six sectors. A screenshot of the
DSS demonstrator is given in Figure 4.
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Figure 4: Screenshot of the ‘Policy-Based SON Management’ (first row and lower left) and
‘Decision Support System’ (lower right) scenarios, demonstrated at ICT 2013, FIA 2014, the annual
SEMAFOUR project review and at Orange Labs
At the NOMS 2014, the „Policy-Based SON Management‟ function was demonstrated using the same
demonstrator as at the ICT 2013 (see Figure 4), including a poster-based explanation of the use of the
SON Policy System, which is targeted to be included in an upcoming upgrade of the demonstrator.
Finally, at the IWSON 2014 event, the latest version of the SEMAFOUR demonstrator has been used
showing an extended version of the „Policy-Based SON Management‟ scenario, including the SON
Objective Manager as described in Deliverable D5.2 [7] and the corresponding SON Policy system,
consisting of a Policy Decision Point and a Policy Execution Point.
3.5 SEMAFOUR Workshop
After the success of the first interim SEMAFOUR Workshop in 2013, the second interim
SEMAFOUR workshop “SON for Future Networks” will take place on September 25th, 2014 in
Braunschweig, Germany. The SEMAFOUR workshop is organised in conjunction with the annual
VDE/ITG workshop on "Future Networks", which takes place on September 26th, 2014. The full
workshop program is available from www.vde.com/ZdN2014. Events organised by VDE/ITG
typically have a significant attendance, including industry participants. The complete program is
attached in Appendix A.
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4 Contacts and Cooperation with the Industrial Community
4.1 Advisory Board
The project Advisory Board consists of six European mobile radio network operators, namely,
Deutsche Telekom (Germany), KPN (The Netherlands), France Telecom / Orange (SEMAFOUR
partner) (France), Telefónica (SEMAFOUR partner) (Spain), TeliaSonera (Sweden), Telenor
(Norway) and Vodafone (United Kingdom). After providing valuable input to the project in its starting
phase (Deliverable 2.3 “State-of-the-Art in Radio Network Management”, [8]), the advisory board
members are informed about the status and progress of the project in conference calls, including the
presentation of selected results. Within those calls, the advisory board members are invited to provide
feedback on the project‟s results. Within Year 2 of the project, two such conference calls have taken
place:
On November 14th, 2014, where an overview about the status of the WP4 use cases as well as the
SON Objective Manager concept from WP5 have been presented
On June 27th, 2014, where an overview about the status of the WP4 and WP5 use cases have been
presented, together with results on the activity on SON design principles as an interface activity
between WP4 and WP5
The Advisory Board members have been explicitly invited to participate in the intermediate project
workshop in Braunschweig, Germany, on September 25th, 2014.
4.2 Exchange within Companies of Partners
As part of the Work Package 5 activities on Policy-based SON Management (PBSM) and Monitoring
& Diagnosis (MD), an activity together with the network operations departments at Orange France has
been conducted. Goal of the activity was to gain insight into the processes behind the actual operation
and management of today‟s mobile radio networks, in particular, with respect to the definition,
implementation, monitoring and adjustment of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The interest of
PBSM was thereby mainly to understand how high-level operator goals, for example, related to
service quality or customer experience, are transferred into targets for the technical network KPIs
(e.g., Drop Call Rate, user throughput, handover performance, etc.). Furthermore, the interest of
PBSM was to understand the process how these KPI targets are transferred into dedicated
configurations for the network, and in how far the PBSM concept of context-specific KPI targets (e.g.,
depending on the cell type or the cell location) and weighting between KPI targets is already
implemented in today‟s manually operated networks. Another goal of the activity was to understand
the main obstacles and challenges with the introduction of SON into the systems.
The activity with Orange operations consisted of three main parts. First, a questionnaire including a set
of question categories with respect to KPI (target) definitions, the corresponding network context, and
the KPI deployment process had been compiled within the WP5 team. This questionnaire was then
used as the basis for interviews internally at Orange. The answers were summarised, and the results
were discussed in a workshop at Orange in Paris in March 2014, including a discussion with people
from Orange operations.
This activity gave a valuable input to the PBSM and MD work, in particular, with respect to the
definition of context attributes and KPI targets, and hence to the simulation work conducted as part of
the PBSM activities.
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5 3GPP Standardisation and Related Activities
5.1 3GPP
3GPP (3rd
Generation Partnership Project) is organised in four different Technical Specification
Groups (TSGs), each focusing on standardisation within a given area1. Each TSG is organised into a
series of working groups (WGs) which cover various technical aspects and a plenary where the final
approval of the work plan and results of the WGs takes place. The plenary meeting can be considered
the steering group for the working groups. As such it controls explicitly the scope of the work in the
WGs through approval of the work items (WIs) and study items (SIs). As well as approving the scope
the plenary monitors the progress of each WI and SI and takes action when issues regarding delay or
conflict take place. Finally the plenary approves all standardisation proposals from the WGs. The work
in 3GPP is organised as a series of releases. Currently, 3GPP is working on release 12.
The TSGs relevant for SEMAFOUR are the TSG Radio Access Network (RAN) and the TSG Service
and System Aspects (SA), where SON standardisation takes place. These TSGs provide the
opportunity for the SEMAFOUR project to influence standardisation in the SON area.
5.1.1 3GPP TSG RAN
The 3GPP TSG RAN is responsible for the definition of the functions, requirements and interfaces of
the HSPA and LTE network in its two modes, FDD & TDD. For the SEMAFOUR project the most
relevant meetings are the RAN Plenary and the RAN WG 2 and 3.
5.1.1.1 3GPP RAN Plenary
During the second year of the SEMAFOUR project 3GPP is working on Release 12. Figure 5 shows
the current official timeline. (Note that it is expected that the actual function freeze will not happen
before September 2014). As any work within the associated RAN WGs is dictated by the RAN
plenary, it is important for SEMAFOUR to be aware of what is going on there and to influence the
meeting if particular technical areas we are working on need to be standardised. There are four RAN
plenary meetings a year, and a SEMAFOUR representative is always present to report back on the
latest status and influence future work. From the project point of view the most important event in the
second year was the completion of the Release 12 SON study item [9] that was approved at the 3GPP
RAN plenary meeting #64 in June 2014. A following associated SON work item will be brought to the
September RAN plenary and it will include support for active antenna systems which is one of the use
cases being investigated in the SEMAFOUR project.
Figure 5: 3GPP Release 12 timeframe in RAN
1 TSG GERAN - GSM EDGE Radio Access Network, TSG RAN - Radio Access Network, TSG SA - Service &
Systems Aspects, TSG CT - Core Network & Terminals
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5.1.1.2 3GPP RAN2
RAN WG2 is in charge of the Radio Interface architecture and protocols, the specification of the
Radio Resource Control protocol, the strategies of Radio Resource Management and the services
provided by the physical layer to the upper layers. For SEMAFOUR it is important to track what is
going on in this working group to understand how the future mobile communication network will
function. SEMAFOUR is monitoring RAN WG2 especially the Minimization of Drive Testing
(MDT), which can be seen as a monitoring part for the overall SON system. During year 2 of the
project the expected Release 12 MDT work item was not approved. A more focused work item on
MDT for MBMS was approved, but this is of less interest for the SEMAFOUR project. It is expected
that the MDT ideas in [10] will be submitted for inclusion in Release 13 which should start next year.
5.1.1.3 3GPP RAN3
RAN WG3 is responsible for the Overall UTRAN/E-UTRAN architecture and the specification of
protocols for the Iu, Iur, Iub, S1 and X2 interfaces. For SEMAFOUR the most important work is
associated with the Release 12 SON study item, which was led by RAN3. It is this study item as well
as associated study items and work items in later releases that the results from the SEMAFOUR
project can be fed into. The SEMAFOUR project is closely coordinating with the ongoing SON work
in RAN3 with the rapporteur of this study item in 3GPP being directly involved in the project. In
addition to the SON work, during the second year the SEMAFOUR project has been active in the
multi-RAT coordination study item. At 3GPP RAN3 #83 meeting, a submission was made by NSN
(R3-140184) on behalf of SEMAFOUR. The aim of this document was to inform the new 3GPP
Multi-RAT Joint Coordination Study Item that the SEMAFOUR project has already been considering
some of the areas mentioned in this study item. Two SEMAFOUR use cases (traffic steering and joint
resource coordination), which might be useful input in this study item, were included in this document.
This submission has been presented, and companies seemed fine with the proposal to use these use
cases as the basis of this 3GPP work.
5.1.2 3GPP TSG SA
The TSG SA is responsible for the overall architecture and service capabilities of systems based on
3GPP specifications, and it has responsibility for cross TSG coordination. For SEMAFOUR the most
relevant meetings are the SA WG5 meetings.
5.1.2.1 3GPP SA5
In SA WG5 (SA5), requirements, architecture and solutions for provisioning and management of the
network and its services are specified, with focus on the interface itf-N between the Network Manager
(also referred to as OSS) and the Domain Manager. In Release 12, the focus of SA5 is mainly on four
different areas: enhanced multi-vendor plug and play of eNB, study of enhanced Network Manager
(NM) centralised coverage and capacity optimisation, study on Operation, Administration and
Maintenance (OAM) aspects of network sharing, and describing the SA5 solutions fulfilling Next
Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) top OPE recommendations. Although the SEMAFOUR project
is not intending to actively contribute to SA5 work, it is relevant for the project because it may set
specific requirements for our SON solutions / management framework. We therefore are continuously
following the progress and important milestones reached in SA5 through the liaison, who is
participating in the SA5 meetings.
5.2 NGMN
Two recently finished activities within NGMN have been of interest for SEMAFOUR. The NGMN
activity on SON is done through the liaison work named “NGMN / NGCOR project Implementation
Guide, from requirements to products & solutions” as a follow up work. The main purpose is to track
how Standards Development Organisations (SDOs) and NGMN partners (Vendors) are translating or
mapping the “NGMN Top OPE requirements” deliverable released in 2010 [11] into implementation
phase. This work was done in the framework of 3GPP SA5 Work Item No. 560034 [12], started in
January 2013 with completion date September 2013. The NGCOR Project aims also to provide further
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enhancements (with more details) to the existing NGMN Top OPE recommendations, and especially
to define converged O&M requirements since current NGMN Top OPE Requirements are mainly
dealing with wireless requirements. The NGCOR project published in July 2013 a document
containing the main project results „NGMN Next Generation Converged Operations Requirements,
Final Deliverable [13]. The other activity is the NGMN project “RAN evolution” (P-RANEV), which
contains also Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA). Members of the SEMAFOUR DSA use case team
are actively participating in this NGMN activity. Since this activity is of interest for SEMAFOUR, the
project has sent a liaison statement to NGMN, see Appendix B. The deliverable generated by NGMN,
will be used within SEMAFOUR as an input document for the inter-RAT-DSA activities.
5.3 IEEE 802.11
SEMAFOUR is not yet actively contributing to IEEE 802, but is following the developments within
this group. A representative from SEMAFOUR is attending the relevant meetings through partner
TUBS. Two activities are relevant to the SEMAFOUR use case on Traffic Steering and the activity 4.4
on SON for future networks. One activity is the EC-Study Group Omniran, which targets at providing
an abstraction of access networks based on IEEE 802 technologies [14]. Within this activity
interfacing to 3GPP networks is discussed [15], [16] and SON in the context of Wi-Fi offloading is
subject to discussions in the group [17]. The second activity is the launching of the IEEE 802.11ax
Task Group (TGax) on High Efficiency WLAN during the March 2014 plenary meeting. This task
group had its first meeting in May 2014. Examples for new features that may evolve from these
activities and potentially could be exploited in SEMAFOUR are heterogeneous link aggregation (from
the Omniran activity) [18] and an improved WLAN efficiency from the activities in TG 11ax.
SEMAFOUR activity 4.4 might have some potential to create a contribution to the Omniran activity,
e. g., on requirements to enable SON in the interworking between IEEE 802 and 3GPP standards.
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6 Exploitation
Exploitation of the expected SEMAFOUR results is addressed in the WP6 Activity 6.2 „Exploitation‟.
The objective of this activity is the creation of a plan for the take-up and exploitation of the project
results and gained knowledge. This plan is being developed progressively during the course of the
project, and will result in an exploitation roadmap (D6.7) at the end of the project.
In D6.4 [1], the intentions for exploitation were briefly described for all partners. During the second
project year, an inventory of the exploitable results of the SEMAFOUR project has been made, by way
of a living table. The current status of this table is shown below (Table 1). For two results, specific
plans for exploitation are currently under consideration.
atesio's SONLAB platform is designed to orchestrate complex, possibly distributed radio
network simulations including SON and management functions. SONLAB is being used
extensively within WP5 and for the integration of WP4 and WP5 activities. The platform
proves suitable for supporting complex simulation on realistic scenario data. Based on these
observations, atesio is analysing what kind of commercial exploitation beyond SEMAFOUR
is possible.
Similarly, the generation of realistic scenario data (environment models, user mobility,
network evolution over time, etc.) is a complex endeavour that has been mastered for the
purposes of SEMAFOUR. The realism reflected in the simulation scenarios goes beyond
what, for example, had been done within the FP7 project SOCRATES. There are requests to
make scenario data available outside of the project (in parts this is already being done [19]), to
make similar data available for other settings as well as to make the generation capabilities
available outside of the project. Several technical and legal questions have to be considered
before a final decision on this topic can be taken. The necessary discussions are ongoing.
For system level simulations the simulation platform SIMONE has been established and is
further developed by TUBS. This platform is already used in other research projects and final
student projects. There is a large potential for licensing this platform to industrial partners.
First talks on his are ongoing.
The inventory in Table 1 will be updated with further results and with details about how the identified
results are relevant and of value to each of the consortium partners during the third project year.
Table 1: Overview table with exploitable results identified during Year 2.
Description
of
exploitable
result /
knowledge
Exploitable
product(s) or
measure(s) in
which the result /
knowledge will be
used
Sector(s) of
application
Timetable
for use
Patents or
other IPR
protection
Owner and
other
beneficiaries
involved
Extension of
existing
(LTE)
simulation
tools
Research studies;
verification of
concepts and
products;
consultancy;
participation in
research projects;
PhD theses;
SONLAB software
Vendors;
mobile
network
operators;
research;
education;
SON
developers
2013 - 2018 n/a
NSN-D; ATE;
EAB; iMinds;
TNO; TUBS;
NSN-DK
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Knowledge
on
(integrated)
multiple layer
and multiple
RAT SON
Algorithms;
research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts and
solutions;
participation in
research projects;
updates of course
material; PhD
theses; consultancy
Vendors;
mobile
network
operators;
research;
education
2013 - 2018 TBD
NSN-D; ATE;
EAB; iMinds;
TNO; TUBS;
NSN-DK
Knowledge
on (self-
optimisation)
of (multiple
layer)
LTE/WiFi
interworking
and traffic
steering
Research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts,
solutions and
products; PhD
theses;
consultancy;
algorithms;
workshops;
research projects
Vendors;
mobile
network
operators;
education;
research;
standardisation
2013 - 2018 TBD
NSN-D;
EAB; iMinds;
TNO;
NSN-DK
Knowledge
on (self-
optimising)
dynamic
spectrum
allocation and
interference
management
Consultancy;
research projects;
algorithms
Mobile
network
operators;
vendors;
education;
research
2014 - 2018 TBD EAB; TNO;
TUBS
Knowledge
on (self-
optimising)
active
antenna
systems using
vertical
sectorisation
Algorithms;
consultancy;
research projects;
research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts and
solutions
Mobile
network
operators;
vendors;
education
2014 - 2018 TBD EAB; TNO
Knowledge
on (SON
functions for)
tackling the
problem of
high-mobility
users and on
core network
handover
procedures
Algorithms;
updates of course
material; PhD
theses
Research;
education 2014 - 2018 n/a iMinds
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Knowledge
on integrated
policy-driven
SON
management
and its
requirements
Consultancy;
research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts and
solutions; feedback
to business and
operational entities
as contribution to
strategic
discussions;
research projects;
input to
standardisation
Mobile
network
operators;
vendors;
education
2013 - 2018 TBD
NSN-D; ATE;
EAB; Orange;
TID; TNO;
TUBS;
NSN-DK
Knowledge
on the
detection and
(root cause)
analysis of
undesired
network
behaviour
(instabilities,
oscillations)
caused by the
operation of a
SON system
Consultancy;
research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts and
solutions; research
projects; input to
standardisation
Mobile
network
operators;
vendors
2014 - 2018 TBD NSN-D
Knowledge
on decision
support
systems
Consultancy; input
to research studies;
competence
building; ideas for
new concepts and
solutions;
participation in
research projects
Mobile
network
operators;
software tool
suppliers
2014 - 2018 TBD ATE; EAB;
TNO; TUBS
Knowledge
on operators‟
view on
importance
and timeline
for SON
functions and
on operators‟
view on SON
management
Competence
building; directions
for research studies
Vendors 2013 - 2016 n/a NSN-D; ATE;
EAB
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Experience
on the
development
of a
distributed
demonstration
platform
Demonstrator;
consultancy
Research;
mobile
network
operators
2014 - 2018 n/a
NSN-D; ATE;
iMinds; TNO;
TUBS
Reference
scenario for
system level
simulations
Research using
realistic simulation
data
Research 2014 - 2018 n/a NSN-D; ATE;
TUBS
Methods and
techniques for
monitoring
and
diagnosing
the network
Presentation to
operational team
Mobile
network
operators
2014 - 2016 TBD Orange
Improvement
of in-house
radio
dimensioning
tools
Consultancy on
network upgrades
based on traffic /
capacity
predictions
Mobile
network
operators
2014 - 2016 TBD ATE; TID
Deployment
and
experience
with
OpenEPC
platform
OpenEPC testbed;
participation in
research projects
Research;
education 2013 - 2018 n/a iMinds
Experience
with the
recording of a
demonstration
video
Participation in
research projects Research 2013 - 2018 n/a iMinds
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7 Concluding Remarks
Dissemination within the SEMAFOUR project continued successfully during the second year. The
project has been repeatedly approached and perceived as an opinion leader in relation to the
development of multi-RAT SON and corresponding self-management functionalities. The project has
a high visibility within the scientific community and the industry.
The first two versions of the SEMAFOUR demonstrator have been particularly well received on many
occasions, stimulating further refinements and extensions. The final version will become available in
the third year of the project, again augmenting the scope and enhancing the presentation of results.
The upcoming second workshop in September 2014 will be co-located with a public workshop of the
German VDE, and the topics of both successive events are well aligned. SEMAFOUR demonstrations
will be held during the SEMAFOUR workshop as well as during the VDE event on “SON and SDN:
Friends or Foes?”.
Liaisons are in place and actively pursued, e.g., with 3GPP and NGMN.
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8 References
[1] SEMAFOUR Deliverable D6.4: Report on Dissemination, Exploitation and Liaison Activities
During Year 1, August 2013
[2] http://www.google.com/analytics/
[3] http://www.alfresco.com/
[4] SEMAFOUR Deliverable D6.3, Dissemination Plan, December 2012
[5] http://www.ict-ras.eu
[6] SEMAFOUR Deliverable D3.3, Demonstrator (intermediate version), May 2014
[7] SEMAFOUR Deliverable D5.2, Integrated SON Management Policy Transformation and
Operational SON Coordination (first results), June 2014
[8] SEMAFOUR Deliverable D2.3, State-of-the-art in Radio Network Management: Feedback from
the Advisory Board Members, Feb 2013
[9] Study on Next Generation SON for UTRA and LTE; RP-122037, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting
#58, Barcelona, Spain, 4-7 Dec 2012
[10] Work Item: Enhancement 2 of Minimization of Drive Tests for E-UTRAN; RP-130345
[11] NGMN TOP OPE Recommendations, by the NGMN Alliance. Version 1.0, 21 –September-
2010
[12] Work Item No. 560034: Compliance of 3GPP SA5 specifications to the NGMN Top OPE
Recommendations, OAM-NGMN_OPE
[13] http://ngmn.org/uploads/media/NGMN_Next_Generation_Converged_Operations_Requirement
s_-_Final_Deliverable.pdf
[14] IEEE 802 Scope of OmniRAN, omniran-13-0032-05-0000,
https://mentor.ieee.org/omniran/dcn/13/omniran-13-0032-05-0000-ieee-802-scope-of-
omniran.pptx
[15] 3GPP Trusted WLAN Access to EPC Use Case Analysis, omniran-13-0040-00-0000,
https://mentor.ieee.org/omniran/dcn/13/omniran-13-0040-00-0000-3gpp-trusted-wlan-use-case-
analysis.pptx
[16] Wi-Fi Hotspot Roaming Use Case, omniran-13-0019-03-0000,
https://mentor.ieee.org/omniran/dcn/13/omniran-13-0019-02-0000-omniran-wi-fi-hotspot-use-
case.pptx
[17] Orchestration of SON features for WiFi Offloading using Network Empowerment Mechanisms,
omniran-13-0042-00-0000, https://mentor.ieee.org/omniran/dcn/13/omniran-13-0042-00-0000-
orchestration-of-son-features-for-wifi-offloading-using-network-empowerment-
mechanisms.pptx
[18] OmniRAN Network Reference Model with Heterogeneous, omniran-.14-0052-00-CF00;
https://mentor.ieee.org/omniran/dcn/14/omniran-14-0052-00-CF00-omniran-network-reference-
model-with-heterogeneous-link-aggregation.pdf
[19] Dennis M. Rose, Thomas Jansen, Thomas Werthmann, Ulrich Türke, Thomas Kürner. The IC
1004 Urban Hannover Scenario - 3D Pathloss Predictions and Realistic Traffic and Mobility
Patterns. COST IC1004 TD(13)08054, September 2013
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Appendix A Second SEMAFOUR Workshop
Below the program of the second SEMAFOUR workshop is shown (see Section 3.5).
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Appendix B Liaison With NGMN
The liaison statement from SEMAFOUR with NGMN is displayed below (see Section 5.2).
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