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Ind
ust
ria
l a
uto
ma
tio
n 1
EE
51
2
Lect
ure
3:
Ap
pli
cati
on
s o
f H
ard
wir
e
Lect
ure
3:
Ap
pli
cati
on
s o
f H
ard
wir
e
Co
ntr
ol Sy
ste
mD
r. M
ost
afa
ab
de
l-g
eli
el
Lad
de
r d
iag
ram
sy
mb
ol
Ele
ctri
cal
Ha
rdw
ire
sy
mb
ol
•1
-M
ech
an
ica
l In
terl
ock
•2
-N
orm
all
y o
pe
n c
on
tact
(N
/O)
•3
-N
orm
all
y C
lose
d (
N/C
-)
•4
-a
uxi
lia
ry N
/O•
4-
au
xili
ary
N/O
•5
-a
uxi
lia
ry N
/O
•6
-D
ela
yed
N/O
•7
-d
ela
yed
N/C
•8
-C
ha
ng
eo
ver
con
tact
•9
-E
ncl
ose
d t
he
rma
l o
verl
oa
d w
ith
re
set
bu
tto
n
Co
nti
.
•1
-3
-po
le c
ircu
it b
rea
ker
•2
-3
-p
ole
co
nta
cto
r
•3
-T
he
rma
l m
ag
ne
tic
CB
•4
-3
-ph
ase
th
erm
al
ove
r lo
ad
•4
-3
-ph
ase
th
erm
al
ove
r lo
ad
•5
-3
-ph
ase
ma
gn
eti
c o
ver
loa
d
•6
-N/O
po
le
•7
-N
/C p
ole
•8
-o
ver
curr
en
t re
lay
•9
-o
verv
olt
ag
e r
ela
y
•1
-a
c, d
c, r
ect
ifie
d c
urr
en
t
•2
-D
C m
oto
r
•3
-P
M D
C m
oto
r
•4
-A
uto
tra
nsf
orm
er
•4
-A
uto
tra
nsf
orm
er
•5
-1
-ph
ase
ac
mo
tor
•6
-3
-ph
ase
sli
p r
ing
IM
•7
-3
-ph
ase
2 s
pe
ed
IM
(tw
o w
ind
ing
)
•8
-3
-ph
ase
in
du
ctio
n m
oto
r w
ith
th
erm
isto
r
•1
-co
ntr
ol
by e
lect
ric
mo
tor
•2
-co
ntr
ol
by e
lect
ric
clo
ck
•3
-co
ntr
ol
by l
iqu
id l
eve
l
•4
-P
roxi
mit
y s
en
sor
•4
-P
roxi
mit
y s
en
sor
•5
-dis
con
ne
cto
r C
B
•6
-N
/O i
llu
min
ate
d p
ush
bu
tto
n
•7
-Li
mit
sw
itch
(N
/O)
•8
-N
/C e
me
rge
ncy
sto
p w
ith
la
tch
ing
•9
-Li
mit
sw
itch
N/C
, p
osi
tive
op
en
ing
op
era
tio
n
Ap
pli
cati
on
: M
oto
r C
on
tro
l C
en
ter
(MC
C)
Sta
r-D
elt
a c
ircu
it o
f IM
sta
rtin
g
Au
to-t
ran
sfo
rme
r st
art
ing
Ap
pli
cati
on
1:
sta
r-d
elt
a o
pe
rati
on
of
Ind
uct
ion
Mo
tor
Sta
r-D
elt
a
Pe
de
stri
an
Cro
ssin
g L
igh
t
A c
rossin
g is e
quip
ped w
ith a
Pedestria
n
cro
ssin
g lig
ht. W
hen m
om
enta
ry-c
onta
ct
pushbutton S
1 is a
ctu
ate
d, th
e lig
ht is
sw
itch
to “re
” fo
r vehic
le a
nd “gre
en” fo
r pedestria
ns,
to “re
” fo
r vehic
le a
nd “gre
en” fo
r pedestria
ns,
and vic
e v
ers
a.
Sele
ct th
e tim
es for th
is e
xam
ple
so that th
e
light is
yello
w (am
ber)
for th
ree s
econds a
nd
red o
r six
teen s
econds for vehic
les, but th
e
gre
en lig
ht fo
r pedestria
ns o
nly
lig
hts
up for
ten s
econds.
Pe
de
stri
an
Cro
ssin
g L
igh
t
Pe
de
stri
an
Cro
ssin
g L
igh
t
Ele
vato
r sy
ste
m
Lad
de
r ci
rcu
it D
iag
ram
Try
to d
raw
the ladder dia
gra
m o
f th
e p
erv
ious
exam
ple
s
Ele
vato
r sy
ste
m♠
Ele
vato
r
Sto
p
Go to
Initia
l
positio
n
Moto
r
dow
n
Sto
p
Moto
r up
Dow
n
opera
tion
Up
opera
tion
Ready
