Belief in the unseen

Key points of the lesson1. Belief in the unseen is one of the foundations of Islam.2. Even the people who think that they only believe in what they can see are not telling the truth. They cannot see the wind but they believe in its existence as they see and feel its effects. They cannot see the cool weather or air but they look at thermometers and believe the number recorded.3. Logic leads us to know that Allah exists4. Logic leads us to believe in the unseen world.5. When we look at all living and non living things, we know that they had to be created by an unseen force i-e Allah.6. Our feelings tell us that Allah exists. this is called “Fitrah”Study QuestionQuestion1: What is Fitrah?Answer: Fitrah is the way Allah created us, inspired us from within to believe in our creator, love and obey Him, Follow His guidance and do good deeds.Question2: Does everyone have fitrah?Answer: yes everyone is born with it but some people deviate from the feeling in their hearts and mind that they created by Allah and should worship Him.Question 3: This world we live in is divided into two dimensions what are they?Answer: when we look at the living things we learn that there are two dimensions to their existence,*Material or physical dimension*Spiritual or meta-physical dimensionQuestion 4:Define:a. Al-GhaybThe Unseenb. FitrahFitrah is the way Allah created us, inspired us from within to believe in our creator, love and obey Him, Follow His guidance and do good deeds.c. Ath-Thahir Ath-Thahir is one of the 99 names of Allah which means “The Obvious” or ”The Evident” .Question 5: what are some proofs of strong belief in the unseen as shown in the story of Haritha with Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him?Answer: Frail belief is not accepted in matters of religion. True believers carry in their hearts and minds unshakeable belief in Allah and the unseen world. This can be seen very easily in the following story.“One day, Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him was sitting in the masjid when a man called Haritha came. Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him asked Haritha,”How are you this morning?” “I am a true believer, today” Haritha replied.“This needs to be proved” Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him contended.“Oh Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him, I believe in Allah as if I see Him with my own eyes on His throne .I believe in the paradise as if I see people in visiting each other. And I believe in Hell as if I actually see and hear its people fighting in it.”Then Prophet Muhammad Peace and blessings upon Him said to Haritha “You truly know

how to believe [ in the unseen] so keep it up.Question 6: What is the name of Allah that means “The unseen”? Write one ayah that includes that name in Arabic and English.Answer: The name of Allah which means “The unseen” is “Al-Batin”Allah says in Surat-ul-Hadeed,He is the First and the Last, the Ascendant and the Intimate, and He is, of all things, Knowing.[57:3]

Grade 7Unit A chapter 2

Learning About Allah

New Words1. Ayat-ul-Kursi: the greatest verse of the noble Quran2. Tawheed: Monotheism3. Tawheed-ul-Khaliq: believing in The One True Creator4. Tawheed-ul-Ibadah: Worshipping the One True God5. Tawheed-ul-Asmaa’ Was-Sifaat: Believing in the Unique Attributes of Allah.Study QuestionsQuestion 1: List three of the special qualities of Allah that make Him so great.Answer: Ayat -ul-Kursi states many special qualities of Allah that make Him so great.1. Allah is the Supreme Being and the Great Lord of the Universe.2. His knowledge covers and encompasses every single thing in the universe.3. He has no weakness or deficiencies, like getting tired and needing rest. Question 2: where is Allah?Answer: Allah is in the Heavens on His Thorne and He reaches everywhere with powers and blessings.Question 3: If a confused person asked you, “where did you come from?”What would you answer him?Answer: Many people ask this question, ‘where did we come from? ‘They ask about the maker of the whole human race.The Qur’an answers in Surat As-Sajdah:That is the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Exalted in Might, the Merciful,Who perfected everything which He created and began the creation of man from clay.Question4: why did Allah create us?Support your answer with evidences from Al-Quran.Answer:Allah answers this question very clearly in Surat-uth-Thariyat:51:56And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.And in Surat ul Mulk 67:1-2Blessed is He in whose hand is dominion, and He is over all things competent -[He] who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed - and He is the Exalted in Might, the ForgivingQuestion5: What is the Arabic world for believing in One God?Answer: Tawheed 

Question6: what are the three important ways of believing in One God? Explain each of these ways.Answer: The types of Tawheed are three: Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah, Tawheed al- Uloohiyyah and Tawheed al-Asmaa was-Sifaat.Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah is singling out Allah the Exalted with (the actions of) creation, providing sustenance, giving life, causing death, and all of the types of regulation and administration of the dominion of the heavens and earth, and (also) singling Him out, the Exalted, with (the right to) judgement and legislation and sending of the Messengers and revealing of Books. Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah is singling out Allah with worship so that none besides Him is worshipped, so that none besides Him is called upon, so that no one is sought for rescue, or aid except Him. So that no one is sacrificed to or slaughtered for, or made an oath for, except Him. Allah the Exalted said, "Say: My prayer, my sacrifice, my life and my death are for Allah, the Lord of the worlds. He has no partner. This is what I have been commanded with and I am the first of those who submit (to him with Islam and Tawheed)" (al-An'aam 6:162),Tawheed al-Asmaa was-Sifaat is describing Allah the Most High and naming Him with whatever He described and named Himself with, and with whatever His Messenger (sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam) described and named Him within the authentic narrations - and to affirm that for Allah without resemblance (to the creation) or likening (to the creation), and without (false) interpretation (of any of that) or negation (of any of that). There is nothing like Him and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer. And may Allah send prayers and salutations upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family and his companions.Question 7: List and define ten of the names of Allah?Students can choose any 10 Asmaa ul Husna and define them.

The Universe Speaks Tawheed

Q.1: Harmony in the creation of the universe leads to the belief in One God. Give two

examples.

Ans: 1. In the atmosphere, there is 77% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen and 1% of carbon

dioxide and other gases. For instance, if the amount of oxygen in the air was greater than

21%, we would be affected. This shows that there is perfect harmony and this can be done by

only one God.

2. All the planets in the solar system revolve around sun. They never collide with each other

and they move in a set pattern. This proves that there has to be a divine Creator who has

created this world with perfection.

Q.2: What is the brain made up of?

Ans: The brain is made up of 100 billion nerve cells.

Q.3: How did Allah create our ears in a special way?

Ans: Allah has made our ears in such a unique way that we don’t hear any cracking or hissing

sounds like stereos or radios. We can hear very clearly. Moreover, He has made it such that

we don’t hear noises that hurt us like the revolving of the Earth.

Q.4: What is the percentage of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the air? Explain

what would happen if the gases were in different proportions.

Ans: There is 77% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen and 1% of carbon dioxide in the air. If these

gases where in different proportions, there would be many problems. For instance, if the

oxygen increased, the cells in our body would suffer severe damage and so would all the

other living things that depend on oxygen.

Q.5: Explain briefly how the water cycle works. Do you think it could just happen by

chance?

Ans: The sun heats the water on the surface and this causes evaporation. The warm air filled

with this moisture rises up to the sky, then it cools down and forms clouds. Winds normally

blow these clouds inland. When the temperature cools off the moisture turns back to water

and falls down as rain. After being used by the soil, the rest of the water falls back into the

oceans and rivers. Then the cycle begins again. All this surely could not happen by chance!

Q. 6: Infer signs, additional to those presented in this chapter, of the oneness of God

from the universe.

Migratory birds travel thousands of kilometers every year and return to the same place, the

same year. They never miss the route. There has to be a divine help. And that divine help is

Allah’s and Allah’s only.

Suratul Jinn part 1

Answer the following

Q1: what are the jinn?

Answer: The jinn are the part of unseen world. They are creatures of Allah that live and think independently.

Q2: What are they made of?

Answer: The jinn are made from a fire that was very hot and had no smoke.

Q3: Do evil jinn lie? If the answer is yes, what lies do they spread in the world?

Answer: yes, they do lie. Their lies include the following.

1. There is no god for the universe.2. There are many god and goddesses for the world.3. God has partner, like a wife, a son and others.4. This life is the only life we will live and there is no Day of Judgment and eternal life.5. Prophets are liars and they committed lots of different major sins.

Q4: how can a Muslim protect himself and his family from the evil jinn?

Answer: Allah and Prophet Muhammad PBUH taught Muslims how to protect themselves from the harm of evil jinn.

1. Keep a close relationship with Allah.2. Read Al-Quran on daily basis3. Practice thikr,or remembrance of Allah, every day.

Suratul jinn part 2

Answer the following questions

1. Who is the father of all the jinn?Answer: Iblees is the father of all the jinn.

2. How in the past, would the jinn get their news about what was going on in the heaven?

Answer: after Iblees was expelled from the heavens, he and his followers would try to sneak into Heavens to learn about what was going on there. They would eavesdrop on the conversation of the angels about upcoming events in the events in the world ordered by Allah.

Abdullah ibn Abbas R.A said “the shayteen used to go up to the sky to peek and listen. If they heard one true thing, they would mix it with nine false things.

Reported in Tirmithi

3. Why did Allah stop the jinn from sneaking into the Heavens?Answer: The reason why Allah did this to protect the Quran.

4. What are the two types of jinn?Answer: There are two types of jinn.1. Muslim jinn

2. Evil jinn5. What is the name we use for evil jinn?

Answer: Shaytaan6. Are there Muslim jinn? If the answer is yes, describe how they became Muslims?

Answer: yes there are Muslim jinn. Once Prophet Muhammad PBUH was leading the Fajr prayer at Ukkath market, a group of jinn passed through that way and heard Prophet Muhammad PBUH reciting Al Quran. They were impressed by the beautiful Quran recitation. They came to Prophet Muhammad and embraced Islam.

In the palace of Phir’oun

New words

1. Bani Isra’eel : the decendants of prophet Ya’coub2. Tawakkul: the dependence upon Allah3. Thiqah : trust

Answer the following.

Question 1: what type of treatment Did Phiroun give Banni Isra’eel?

Ans: He made them slaves.

Question 2: why did Phir’oun become fearful?

Ans: He was told that a man from Bani Isra’eel would destroy his kingdom.

Question 3: what did Phir’oun do to escape His future?

Ans: He ordered His soldiers to kill all the new born boys of Bani Isra’eel.

Question 5: How did Allah give Musa a ‘new mother’ to take care of Him?

Ans: Allah (SWT) made someone from Phir’oun’s palace to see the box. He made the wife of Phir’oun fall in love with baby Musa (AS).She kept Him and brought Him up.

Question 6: how did the Tawakkul of Musa’s mother benefit her in this Situation?

Ans: Allah arranged for her to feed her child at the palace of Phir’oun and get paid the salary for doing so.

Question 7: How can we show Tawakkul?

Ans: By relying on Allah but making sure that we are doing our part to the best of our ability.

Musa Leaves Egypt

1. Questions/Answers:

1. Why did Musa side with the Israelite?

Musa sided with the Israelite because he asked for his help. He sided with him because Egyptians used to oppress and humiliate the Israelites.  

2. Why did Musa decide to leave Egypt after the unintentional blow?

He decided to leave Egypt after the unintentional blow because the punishment for killing an Egyptian was death and Musa feared for his life.

3. Where did Musa travel to when he was advised to leave Egypt?

He left Egypt and went to Madyan.

4. What was Musa feeling after he killed the Egyptian man, and how did he happen to kill him?

Musa’s heart was filled with sadness and regret. He begged Allah to forgive him, although he killed the man unintentionally while trying to stop the fight.

5. What did he experience in Madyan and what did he help out?

When he reached the waters of Madyan, Musa noticed some men watering their sheep. He witnessed two girls standing aloof waiting for their turn to draw water. He offered his help and drew water for them.

6. Where is Madyan?

Madyan is situated on the North West of Arabia, near Tabook in Saudi Arabia.

7. Who were Liya and Saffoura and what were they told to do by their father?

They were the two girls whom Musa met at the waters of Madyan. They were told by their father to go and bring Musa to their home to that he could reward him for helping his daughters.

8. What did the old pious man offer Musa and why?

* He offered Musa a marriage proposal. He said he can marry one of his two daughters and then work for him for 8-10 years.

* The pious old man thought it is wise to make him his son-in-law and then let him stay in his house rather than letting a stranger stay. 

9. What sudden decision did Musa get while at Madyan and why?

Musa suddenly felt that he is missing his family. This was actually the plan of Allah to take Musa out of Madyan so that he can be given the job that he was destined to do in Egypt.

10. How did Musa prepare himself to become a Prophet?

Musa used to contemplate about the world around him and think of his Creator in seclusion.

2. Related Text. Answer each of the following by writing the translation of an ayah or hadeeth:

1. Write an ayah or hadeeth that states that modesty is part of Iman.

“Iman has seventy branches. The highest is La ilaaha il-lal-laah, and the lowest branch is to remove something harmful from the road. And hayaa is a branch of iman”.

2. How do we know that Modesty brings only goodness to people?

“Modesty would only bring goodness to people”.

3. Which ayah in Surah al Qasas mentions that Allah is Most Forgiving?

He prayed, “O my Lord. I have indeed wronged my soul. So forgive me”. Then Allah forgave him; for He is the Ever-forgiving, Most Merciful.

4. Write the translation of the ayah that relates to the agreement between Musa and the father of the two girls.

“He said: I intend to marry one of my daughters to you on condition that you serve me for eight years but if you complete ten years, it will be (grace) from you. And I would not make the work hard on you. You will find me, if Allah wills, one of the righteous people”.

5. What is the ethic of Islam?

“Every religion has a special ethic, and the ethic of Islam is Modesty”.

Musa, the Prophet

1.Answer the following questions:

1. Why did Allah want Musa to move his people from Egypt to Palestine?To save the Israelis from the slavery of Phir’oun

2. What is the difference between the miracle Prophet Musa saw and what some magicians do in magic shows?Miracle is something that truly happens with the permission of Allah. Magic involves cheating and falsehood. 

3. How did Musa become a prophet of Allah?While Musa was on his way to Egypt, he passed by the Mount Sinai where he went to pick up some fire and firewood. There, Allah spoke to him and informed him that he is chosen as a Prophet of Allah.

4. What did Allah order Musa to do in Egypt?Allah ordered Musa to go to Egypt and call Phir’oun to believe in Allah and worship Him alone.

5. Why was Musa fearful of returning to Egypt?Musa was fearful of returning to Egypt because he knew that Phir’oun would take revenge on him for his unintentional killing of an Egyptian.

6. How did Phir’oun receive Musa’s message?Phir’oun received Musa’s message with arrogance and sarcastic comments. He even insulted Musa and ridiculed him.

7. What was revealed to Musa (AS) by Allah and what other duties was he given?Allah revealed Tawrah to Prophet Musa and commanded him to go and warn Phiroun and if he refuses to accept Islam then take Bani Israeel from Egypt to Palestine.

8. What did Musa ask Allah before going to face Phiroun?He asked us to teach him a du’aa so that his speech impediment is solved. He also asked Him to make his brother, Haroon, as his helper.

9. Where was the fire that Musa noticed?Musa (AS) noticed the fire in the direction of Mount Toor.

10. What miracles were given to Prophet Musa by Allah?1) Musa’s staff turning into a serpent.2) Glow in his hand.

11. What did Musa (AS) make Phiroun understand about the unintentional killing?Musa (AS) said that he killed the Egyptian by mistake and that he was not a Messenger that time.

2. Answer True or False accordingly: 1. Musa lost his way in the Sahara desert. False.2. The first revelation from Allah was given to Musa at Jabal-ut-Toor. True.3. Allah commanded Musa’s staff to become a spider. False.4. Upon seeing Phiroun, Musa tried to convince him of Allah’s words. True5. Jabal-ut-Toor is known as Mount Everest in English. False.6. Musa left Madyan and went to Palestine. False.7. Musa lost his way in the Sinai desert. True.8. Musa asked Allah to allow his brother, Haroon, in the difficult mission. True.9. Haroon is Aaron and Musa is Moses in the Bible. True.

3. Answer the questions with the translation of a related ayah or hadeeth:

1. Which ayah states that wealth can make people evil?“Nay, Indeed man transgresses as he sees himself rich and self-sufficient”.

2. Which ayah in Surah Taha talks about the Day of Judgement?“Verily the Hour is coming: My design is to keep it hidden, for every soul to receive its reward buy the measure of its endeavour”.

3. What is the ayah or hadeeth that relates to the fire and Allah revealing his miracles to Musa?“Now when Musa had fulfilled the term, and was travelling with his family, he noticed a fire in the direction of Mount Toor. He said to his family, “Stay right here; I saw a fire, I hope to bring you from there some information, or a burning firebrand that you may warm yourselves”.

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Grade 7Al-Qur’an-ul-Kareem:The Last Holy Book

New Words1. Al-Qur’an : the last and finale divine book of Allah2. Al-Wahy : The divine message of Allah through angel jibreal to prophets3. Surah : chapter of Quran4. Suwar: chapters of Quran5. As-Sab’ut-Tiwal: the first seven longest suwar of Quran excluding surah fatihaAnswer the following questions.1. Define Al-Wahy, Al Quran. As SunnahAl Wahy: The divine message of Allah through angel jibreal to prophetsAl-Qur’an: the last and finale divine book of AllahAs –Sunnah: traditions of Prophet Muhammad PBUH2. Name the books that Allah sent to humanity before Al Quran.Answer :Allah swt sent the following divine books to humanity before Al Quran.1. As-Suhuf(Scrolls) to Prophet Ibraheem A-S

2. At-Tawrah to prophet Musa A-S3. Az-Zaboor to prophet Dawood A-S4. Al-Injeel to Prophet Isa A-S5. Al-Quran to Prophet Muhammad PBUH3. Over how many years was the Quran revealed to Prophet Muhammad PBUH until it was completed?Answer :23 years 6 months and ten days4. What are the main elements found in the message of Al Quran?Answer:1. The reality and attributes of Allah2. The spiritual world3. Allah’s purpose for creating mankind4. Allah’s rules for a righteous and happy life5. Man’s responsibility toward Allah and the world.6. The coming of the day of judgement7. The hereafter5. Name:1. The masajid mentioned in Al Quran are Masjid ul Haram,Masjid ul nabwi and Masjid ul Quba2. The only sahabi mentioned in Al Quran by name is Zaid bin Haritha3. The only women named in Al Quran is Mariyam4. The language of Al Quran is Arabic

Short History of Al-Quran

New words1. Kuttab-ul-Wahy: The scribes of Wahy2. Al-Mushaf Al-Uthmani: Seven identical copies of Al Quran Copied from the original text by the order of Uthman bin Affan(R.A)3. Suwar Makkiyyah: Surahs revealed in Makah they are 87 in number4. Suwar Madaniyyah: Surahs revealed in Medina .They are 27 in numberStudy Questions1. When was Al Quran first revealed and where?Answer: the revelation of Al Quran started in the month of Ramadan during the year 610 AD. At that time Prophet Muhammad was in a cave d Ghar Hiraa.it is located on the top of jabal-un-noor,or the Mount of Light near Makkah.2. Who was the angel who brought the Quran from Allah to Prophet Muhammad? Describe his first visit to Rasoolullah PBUH).Answer: Angel Jibraeel brought the Quran from Allah to Prophet Muhammad PBUH.The revealation of Al Quran started in Ghar Hira near Makkah.Angel Jibraeel ordered the Prophet Muhammad PBUH saying “IQRA”, or Read.”I can’t read’’ the Prophet Muhammmad PBUH replied. Jibreel repeated his order two times and received the same answer from the Prophet Muhammad PBUH.Then Jibreel hugged Prophet Muhammad PBUH and revealed the first five ayaat of suratul Alaq.3. Describe briefly how Al-Quran was collected in one collection after passing of Prophet Muhammad PBUH?Answer: the original text of Al Quran we have today was collected shortly after the death of Prophet Muhammad PBUH during the time of Khaleefa Abu Bakr as Siddeeq and later

copied and distributed by Khaleefa Uthman ibn Affan RA.This important manuscript was the master of all the Quranic copies we have now.

Second Term

Al-Qur’an-ul-Kareem:The Last Holy Book

New Words

1. Al-Qur’an : the last and finale divine book of Allah2. Al-Wahy : The divine message of Allah through angel jibreal to prophets3. Surah : chapter of Quran4. Suwar: chapters of Quran5. As-Sab’ut-Tiwal: the first seven longest suwar of Quran excluding surah fatiha

Answer the following questions.1. Define Al-Wahy, Al Quran. As SunnahAl Wahy: The divine message of Allah through angel jibreal to prophets Al-Qur’an: the last and finale divine book of AllahAs –Sunnah: traditions of Prophet Muhammad PBUH2. Name the books that Allah sent to humanity before Al Quran.

Answer :Allah swt sent the following divine books to humanity before Al Quran.1. As-Suhuf(Scrolls) to Prophet Ibraheem A-S2. At-Tawrah to prophet Musa A-S3. Az-Zaboor to prophet Dawood A-S4. Al-Injeel to Prophet Isa A-S5. Al-Quran to Prophet Muhammad PBUH

3. Over how many years was the Quran revealed to Prophet Muhammad PBUH until it was completed?Answer :23 years 6 months and ten days

4. What are the main elements found in the message of Al Quran?Answer:1. The reality and attributes of Allah2. The spiritual world3. Allah’s purpose for creating mankind4. Allah’s rules for a righteous and happy life5. Man’s responsibility toward Allah and the world.6. The coming of the day of judgement7. The hereafter

5. Name:1. The masajid mentioned in Al Quran are Masjid ul Haram,Masjid ul nabwi and

Masjid ul Quba2. The only sahabi mentioned in Al Quran by name is Zaid bin Haritha3. The only women named in Al Quran is Mariyam4. The language of Al Quran is Arabic

Suwar and Ayaat

New Words

1. Juzu’: one part of the Quran2. Ajzaa’: 30 parts of the Quran3. Surah: one chapter of the Quran4. Suwar: Chapters of the Quran5. As-Sab’ ut-Tiwal: The seven longest Suwar of Al Quran.

Study Question1. In what period of time should we read the whole Quran?Support your

answer with a hadeeth?

Answer: It was reported from Abu Salamah, from Abdullah bin Amr (RA) that the Prophet (PBUH) said, “Recite the Qur’an in one month.” He responded, “I find myself (more) energetic.” The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Recite it in twenty (days).” He responded, “I find myself (more) energetic.” The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Recite it in fifteen.” He responded, “I find myself (more) energetic.” The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Recite it in ten.” He responded, “I find myself (more) energetic.” So he (the Prophet, PBUH) said, “Recite it in seven and do not do more than that.”

(Hadith No. 1388, Chapters pertaining to the Month of Ramadan, Sunan Abu Dawud, Vol. 2).

Having read the narration mentioned above, we can infer that the Prophet (PBUH) has instructed us to complete the recitation of whole Qur’an in not less than seven days I.e. a week.

2. Briefly name the following:a. The longest surah

Surat ul Baqarahb. The shortest surah

Surat ul Kawtharc. The First surah revealed

Surat ul Alaqd. The last surah revealed full

Surat ul Nasre. The greatest Ayah

Ayaat ul Kursif. The heart of the Quran

Surat ul Yasing. Aroos ul Quran

Surat ul Rehmanh. Kuttub ul Wahy

The scribes of Wahyi. The only woman named in Al Quran

Mariyam the mother of Isaa (A-S)j. The only sahabi mentioned in Al Quran

Zaid bin Harith3. What are the As-Sab’ut-Tiwal?

Answer: As-Sab’ut-Tiwal are :1. Al-Baqarah (The Cow)2. Al-Imran ( The Family of Imran)3. An-Nisaa’ ( The Women)4. Al-Ma’idah ( The Food Table)5. Al-An’aam(The Cattle)6. Al-Araf (The Heights)7. Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)

The above suwar are called As-Sab-ut-Tiwal “The Long Seven”.These long chapters come in the beginning of Al Quran after surat ul Fatihah and make up the first third of Al Quran.

The Peaceful March to Makkah

New Words

Al-Ash-hur-ul-Hurum: the sacred months which are four months. Al-Masjid-ul-Haram: the sacred Masjid in Makkah. Hadiy: the animal that is slaughtered as a part of the hajj and Umrah rituals. Al Hudaybiyah. A place 15 miles northwest of Makkah that became very historical Bay’at ur Ridwan. This refers to the actions of fourteen hundred people who

pledged to obey the Prophet ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص as he stood under the tree to take the pledge.Study Questions1. When did the Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص head to Makkah and why?

In the month of Thul-Qi’dah 6 hijrah the prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص set off with the intention to perform Umrah.

2. Why did prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص choose the month of Thul-Qi’dah to perform his Umrah to Makkah?Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص chose the month of Thul-Qi’dah because according to the Arab custom every Arab was entitled to visit Al-Masjij-ul-Haram in Makkah Unarmed. Fighting of any kind is prohibited during Al-Ash-hur-ul-Hurum, or the Sacred months. These months were named sacred so that the people could visit Makkah during these times without fearing being killed and attacked.

3. What was the prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص main motive for visiting Makkah additional to worshipping Allah in Masjid-ul-Haram?It seems that the main motive of Messenger of Allah ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص was hoping that the pagans of Quraysh and Arabia would accept the message of Islam peacefully. He ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص also wanted to counter the Quraush’s war mongering attitude with the spirit of peace. Additionally, this journey was meant to satisfy their human need to reunite with their relatives and friends in their hometown.

4. What was the Quraysh’s reaction to prophet Muhammad’s ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص initative?The Prophet ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص plans were not to the liking of the pagan Quraysh. In breach of all Arab traditions, they prepared to prevent the peaceful party from performing Umrah.They marched to oppose and fight the peaceful expedition.

5. Who was Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص emissary to the Makkans?what Happened to him?Uthman Ibn Affan was Prophet Muhammad’s ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص emissary to the Makkans.He was held hostage by Quraysh.

6. What is Bay’at-ur-Ridwan?Why did the Prophet ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص call for it? And where did it happen?The Pledge of the Tree   الشجرة bayʻat ash-shajarah) or Pledge of بيعةSatisfaction    بيعة bayʻat ar-riḍwān) or Pledge of Ridwan was a pledge نالرضواthat was sworn to the Islamic prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص by his  companions prior to theTreaty of Hudaybiyyah (6 AH, 628 CE). The pledge, sworn under a tree, was to avenge the rumoured death of Uthman ibn Affan.

S h o r t H i s t o r y o f A l - Q u r a n

New words

1. Kuttab-ul-Wahy: The scribes of Wahy2. Al-Mushaf Al-Uthmani: Seven identical copies of Al Quran Copied from the

original text by the order of Uthman bin Affan(R.A)3. Suwar Makkiyyah: Surahs revealed in Makah they are 87 in number4. Suwar Madaniyyah: Surahs revealed in Medina .They are 27 in number

Study Questions1. When was Al Quran first revealed and where?

Answer: the revelation of Al Quran started in the month of Ramadan during the year 610 AD. At that time Prophet Muhammad was in a cave d Ghar Hiraa.it is located on the top of jabal-un-noor,or the Mount of Light near Makkah.

2. Who was the angel who brought the Quran from Allah to Prophet Muhammad?Describe his first visit to Rasoolullah PBUH).Answer: Angel Jibraeel brought the Quran from Allah to Prophet Muhammad PBUH.The revealation of Al Quran started in Ghar Hira near Makkah.Angel Jibraeel ordered the Prophet Muhammad PBUH saying “IQRA”, or Read.”I can’t read’’ the Prophet Muhammmad PBUH replied. Jibreel repeated his order two times and received the same answer from the Prophet Muhammad PBUH.Then Jibreel hugged Prophet Muhammad PBUH and revealed the first five ayaat of suratul Alaq.

3. Describe briefly how Al-Quran was collected in one collection after passing of Prophet Muhammad PBUH?Answer: the original text of Al Quran we have today was collected shortly after the death of Prophet Muhammad PBUH during the time of Khaleefa Abu Bakr as Siddeeq and later copied and distributed by Khaleefa Uthman ibn Affan RA.This important manuscript was the master of all the Quranic copies we have now.

Praying the Prophet’s Way

New Words

Al-Israa’ Wal-Mi’raj: The Isra and Miraj are the two parts of a Night Journey that, according to Islamic tradition, the prophet Muhammad peace be upon Him took during a single night around the year 621.

Takbeerat-ul-Ihram: The beginning Takbeer for entering Salah Rak’ah: the word Rakah is taken from the action of Rukoo Qiyam: The standing part of Salah Rukoo’: The bowing part of the Salah Sujood: The prostration part of the Salah Juloos: The sitting part of Salah

Study Questions1. Define:

a. Takbeerat-ul-IhramProphet Muhammad PBUH taught us that the Muslim starts Salah by saying the Takbeer statement”Allahu Akbar”. This is called Takbeerat-ul-Ihram, the Takbeer with which we enter into the Prayer. After this point only prayer is allowed. Eating, drinking, talking, looking around, laughing and playing become haram. These things become halal or permissible only when we have made tasleem at the end of the prayer.

b. QiyamStanding part of Salah

c. Du’aa’-ul-IstiftahThe Opening Supplication

d. Rukoo’The bowing part of the Salah

e. SujoodThe prostration part of the Salah

f. JuloosThe sitting part of Salah

g. At-Tashahhud    After completing the second rak’ah, one should sit for the Tashahhud. This is obligatory.

2. What are the main positions of Salah?1. Qiyam2. Rukoo’3. Sujood4. Juloos

3. Describe how the Qiyam position should be observed in prayer?Answer: There are twenty ahadeeth narrated by eighteen companions all saying that the people were ordered to place their right hand on their left hand on their left forearm when in the standing position in Salah.

4. Describe how the Rukoo’ position should be observed in prayer?Answer: When the Prophet Muhammad PBUH was making Rukoo’,He PBUH used to place His palms firm on his knees while his legs a little apart. His back used to be almost parallel to the ground. It is Sunnah to make the height of the head equal to that of the hips during Rukoo’

5. Describe how the Sujood position should be observed in prayer?

Answer: From the standing position after rukoo’, the Prophet Muhammad PBUH used to make takbeer and kneel down for sujood. He would kneel first, then place his palms down and finally his face

6. Describe how the Juloos position should be observed in prayer?Answer: There is a brief sitting period between the two prostrations in each rak’ah. However; there are longer juloos positions during Salah.Sitting or juloos is one main part of every prayer. Salat ul fajr has one Juloos.

7. How should salah be properly ended?Answer: Salah must be ended by saying Tasleem. First to the right side of shoulder and then to the left side of the shoulder.

S a l a t u s S u n n a h : T h e V o l u n t a r y P r a y e r i n I s l a m

New Words

1. Sunnah: The word Sunnah is an Arabic word meaning "tradition" or "way." For Muslims, Sunnah means "the way of the prophet". TheSunnah is made up of the words and actions of Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

2. Sunan: The word Sunan is an Arabic word meaning "traditions" or "ways." For Muslims, Sunan means "the ways of the prophet". The Sunan is made up of the words and actions of Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

3. Nafl: supererogatory prayer is a type of optional Salah.4. Nawafil: supererogatory prayers or optional prayers.5. Tatawwu’: Voluntary prayers which has fixed time.6. Sunnah Ratibah: strongly encouraged and recommended voluntary prayers which

are performed before or after fard prayers. They are twelve in number.7. Sunnah Mu’akkadah: Every Muslim, whether be male or female, is recommended

to pray 12 Rakaat of supererogatory prayers every day: four of these Rakaat (units of prayers) are before noon prayer, two after it, two after Maghrib prayer, two after Isha (night) prayer and two before the morning prayer - These supererogatory prayers are called (Rawatib) which means: “Certain supererogatory exercises of optional prayers.” 

8. Duha:Mid morning Prayer9. Taraweeh: Tarawih prayers are prayed in pairs of two and can be prayed in at least

20 raka‘āt. A break is taken after every 4 raka‘āt. This prayer is performed only during Ramadan of the Islamic calendar after salat of Isha

10. Qiyam ul Layl: Qiyam means 'standing' and ‘Qiyam al-Layl’ means 'standing at night'. In the Shari’ah term both terms refer to 'the voluntary night prayer, whose time extends after the Isha prayer (the last of the five obligatory prayers, whose time extends from the disappearance of the reddish light in the sky until the middle of the night) until dawn.’Study Questions1. How many Rak’aat are there in each confirmed Sunnah prayer? Make a table to

answer the question.

Number of Rakaats for Prayers

PrayerSunnahs before the

 FardFard

Sunnah after the

 Fard

Fajr 2 2 0

Dhuhr 4 4 2

Asr 0 4 0

Maghrib 0 3 2

Isha 0 4 2 plus 3 Witr

2. How can our Sunnah prayer help make up for mistakes in our fard prayer?The Prophet Muhammad PBUH has told us that” a prayer that is not complete is added to from the voluntary prayer that is associated with it until it is complete.” This means that if, for example, we forgetfully miss a rak’ah, make a mistake in our recitation of Quran, or are absentminded during our fard prayer, Allah will look to our Sunnah prayers. Being that we all are human beings who make many mistakes, we should be grateful to Allah’s generosity by making sure we always pray our sunnah prayer

3. What are the extra sunnah prayers, other than the regular sunnah prayers, that we may pray daily?

1. Tahiyatul Wudu2. Tahiyatul Masjid3. Salat ul Witr4. Qiyam ul Layl5. Tahajjud prayer6. Duha prayer7. 4 Rak'aah Sunnah before Asr8. Salat al-Awwabin9. Salat ul Khawf

4. What is Salat ul Istikharah? Describe how it is performed?

Anytime a Muslim is making a decision, he or she should seek Allah’s guidance and wisdom. Allah alone knows what is best for us, and there may be good in what we perceive as bad, and bad in what we perceive as good.

If you are unsure about a decision you have to make, there is a specific prayer for guidance (Salat-l-Istikhara) that you can do to ask for Allah’s help in making your decision.It’s important to do this prayer with sincerity, knowing in our hearts that only Allah can give us the guidance we seek, and resolved to follow the guidance He gives us, even if it clashes with our own desires.Salat-l-Istikhara is described in the Hadith narration below.Narrated Jabir bin ‘Abdullah: The Prophet salallahu alaihi

wasallam used to teach us the way of doing istikhara (istikhara means to ask Allah to guide one to the right sort of action concerning any job or a deed), in all matters as he taught us the Surats of the Quran. He said, “If anyone of you thinks of doing any job he should offer a two Rakat prayer other than the compulsory ones and say (after the prayer):

Surah al Muzzammil: Stand Up and Pray at Night, Verses   1-9

(Refer pages 131 to 133 of your Workbook)

1. What is the meaning of Al Muz’zam’mil?

Al Muzzammil means ‘the one who is covered’.

2. What did Allah order Prophet Muhammad to do in the beginning of this Surah?

Why?

Allah ordered Prophet Muhammad to get up and offer Qiyam-ul-Layl so that he prepares

himself for his great mission.

3. Why did Rasoolullah want to pray tahajjud so much?

Rasoolullah wanted to pray tahajjud so much because he loved to express his gratitude to

Allah for all the gifts and blessings He gave him.

4. Why did Allah describe the Qur’an as ‘Word of Weight’?

Al Qur’an is a heavy responsibility toward Allah. We must fulfil our obligations to please

Allah.

5. What does the word ‘Tarteel’ mean?

Tarteel means to read or recite the Qur’an in a nice proper way.

6. Where were the first 19 ayaat of this Surah revealed?

The first 19 ayaat of this Surah were revealed in Makkah.

7. What is Qiyam-ul-Layl and when it is performed?

Qiyam-ul-Layl means ‘Standing up in Night Prayer’. It can be performed anytime after Ishaa’

and before Fajr.

8. Why is Tajweed so important?

It is very important to learn Tajweed without which one cannot read the Qur’an correctly.

9. What lesson do you learn from the Surah?

* We must try to pray Qiyam-ul-layl

* We must fulfill our responsibility towards Allah by praying, reciting Qur’an and following

the Guidance.

* We must learn Tajweed so that we can recite the Qur’an in a beautiful way.

10. What is the difference between singing and tajweed?

Tajweed means pronouncing the words according to the rules whereas singing is unnecessary

stretching of words according to rhythm.

Related Text: Answer the questions with the translation of an Ayah from the Surah:

1. We should depend on Allah and Allah alone for support and help.

“The Lord of the East and the West, there is none deserving of worship except Him. So

depend on Him for help and support”.

2. Allah has given words of weight.

“I will be giving you some words of weight”.

3. Getting up in the night to pray is difficult but one should try.

“Definitely getting up in the night for worship is difficult but it is also better for bringing

your heart and mind together in prayer”.

Sulh hudaybiyah

Answer the following questions.

1. What were the main terms of the Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah?Answer: The Quraysh offered a deal to Prophet Muhammad (SAW). The terms included the following: 1. Prophet Muhammad & Muslims would be permitted to visit Makkah next year and perform their Umrah and stay in Makkah for 3 days. 2. The Quraysh and Muslims would come to a truce for 10 years that they would refrain from fighting and avoid provocation. 3. The Muslim and the Quraysh would be free to sign alliance treaties with any tribes around Arabia. 4. The Muslims would reject any person from the Quraysh defecting to Madinah to become a Muslim. But the Quraysh would be free to receive any Muslim wishing to change his religion and join the Makkans.

2. Who were the people who signed the treaty on behalf of the muslims and the Quraysh?Answer: Ali Ibn Abi Talib signed the treaty on behalf of Muslims and Suhayl Ibn Amr signed on behalf of Quraysh.

3. What were the things that Quraysh ‘s representatives objected to while writing the document of the treaty? How did the Prophet Muhammad PBUH resolve the disagreement?Answer: The treaty was quite controversial for many reasons. Originally, the treaty referred to Muhammad ( سلم و آ�لہ و علیہ �لله as the Messenger of God, but this was (صلیunacceptable to the Quraish ambassador Suhayl ibn Amr. Muhammad compromised, and told his cousin Ali to strike out the wording. But Ali said, "I will not be the person to rub it out", after which Muhammad himself rubbed out the words.

4. Which of the treaty terms caused some problems in the minds of sahabah?Answer: Terms like

1. Prophet Muhammad & Muslims would be permitted to visit Makkah next year and perform their Umrah and stay in Makkah for 3 days.

2. The Muslims would reject any person from the Quraysh defecting to Madinah to become a Muslim. But the Quraysh would be free to receive any Muslim wishing to change his religion and join the Makkans.Moreover the Abu Jandal scene compounded the negativity that they were feeling.

5. Who was Abu Jandal and what did he do during the time of signing the treaty?Answer: After the treaty Abu Jandal, son of Suhayl Ibn Amr came and joined the Muslims. When Suhayl saw him, he became furious and caught hold of him. Abu Jandal cried for the help. The Prophet asked Suhayl to allow his son to join the Muslims, but he refused. Rasoolullah said,”Be patient and control yourself, surely God will make some way out for you and for the oppressed (Makkah). We have bound ourselves to make peace between ourselves and the people (Quraysh) and we have given them and they have given us the covenant of God, and we will not break that.”

6. Why didn’t the Prophet Muhammad PBUH help Abu Jandal?What lesson do you learn from that?Answer: The Prophet asked Suhayl to allow his son to join the Muslims, but he refused. Rasoolullah said, “Be patient and control yourself, surely God will make some way out for you and for the oppressed (Makkah). We have bound ourselves to make peace between ourselves and the people (Quraysh) and we have given them and they have given us the covenant of God, and we will not break that.”We learn that when we make a promise or sign a contract, we Should keep our promise and honour our contract whether with Muslims or non-Muslims.

7. What did Omer Radiallahu anhu say to Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu and what was the answer?Answer: Omer Radiallahu anhu said to Abu Bakr Radiallahu Anhu:”Oh Abu Bakr! Isn’t he the Messenger of Allah?”Abu Bakr said:”Certainly.”Abu Bakr Radiallahu anhu advised Omer Radiallahu anhu to stick with Prophet Muhammad no matter what.

8. Which alliances with the Muslims and with the Quraysh?Answer: As the result of this treaty ,Banu Bakr made an alliance with the Quraysh; and  Banu Khuza’ah made an alliance with the Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

9. What were the benefits of the Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah?Answer:  There follows a list of some of the benefits of the Treaty of Al Hudaybiyah.

1. Spreading Islam in Arabia2. Saving the Lives of the Quraysh People 3. Protecting Muslim Lives in Makkah 4. Recognizing the Power of Islam in Arabia.10. Which surah was revealed after the Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah?

Answer: Surat ul Fateh revealed after the Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah

Surat-us-Saff(1-4)

Struggling on Allah’s Path

Study Questions

1. What do the creations of Allah do all the time?Answer: All creations praise and glorify Allah. Planets, stars, animals, plants, human being and all other creations praise their creator in their own ways and languages.

2. What is the behaviour that Allah dislikes as mentioned in the beginning of the Surah?Answer: Allah dislikes it when we show double personalities. Saying one thing and doing the opposite is the first step towards hypocrisy. It weakens the character of the Muslim and spreads distrust in the society. Ayaat two and three stress that Allah detests it when Muslims say something and do another.

3. What are the signs of the hypocrite’s behaviour? Support your answer with a hadeeth.Answer: Abdullah bin Amr (RA) narrated that Rasool-Allah (PBUH) said, “Whoever has following 04 characteristics will be a pure hypocrite and whoever has any one of the following characteristics will have characteristics of a hypocrite:   1.) Whenever he/she speaks, he/she speaks a lie.  2.) Whenever he/she makes a covenant, he/she proves to be treacherous (implying that he/she always do khayanah in amanah and/or proves to be dishonest)   3.) Whenever he/she makes a promise, he/she breaks it. 4.) Whenever he/she quarrels, he/she behaves in a very evil and insulting manner.”(Hadith No. 34, Book of Faith, Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 1; Hadith No. 210 (58), Book of Faith, Sahih Muslim , Vol. 1).

4. What is the proper meaning of jihad?Answer:1. Jihad is NOT killing innocent people2. Jihad is NOT flying a plane into a building packed with civilians3. Jihad is NOT fighting out of anger and hatred4. Jihad is NOT killing others just because they don’t agree with you5. Jihad is NOT killing others just because they are not Muslims

The real meaning of JihadJihad is an Arabic word from the root Jee Ha Da. It literally means toStruggle or strive. Jihad is struggling or striving in the way or sake ofAllah. Jihad takes a very important status in the doctrine of Islam and isone of the basic duties for every Muslim.Though, it has nothing whatsoever to do with the term Holy War. Sucha term, or its equivalent doesn’t exist in the Islamic doctrine.Jihad has many forms,

1. Jihad of the heart/soul (jihad bin nafs/qalb) 2. Jihad by the tongue (jihad bil lisan) 3. Jihad by the pen/knowledge (jihad bil qalam/ilm) 4. Jihad by the hand (jihad bil yad) 5. Jihad by the sword (jihad bis saif) 6. What did Allah order the Muslims to do when facing the enemies?

Answer: As Muslims, we must always develop and strengthen our brotherly relationship with the Muslims around us. This is particularly true on the battle field. If even a small group of soldiers do not do their part, they can put the whole army at risk. This is what happened at the battle of Uhud.

Allah states in ayah 4 of this Surah “Allah loves those who fight in His cause in organized ranks like Well-Built Walls.

Ummu Salamah:A Role Model in Patience and wisdomStudy Question

1. What was the real name of Ummu Salamah?And who was her mother?Ans: Her real name was Hind Bint Abi Umayyah Al-Makhzoomy.Her mother was Aatikah bint Abdul-Muttalib, and she was a cousin of Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

2. Who was Ummu Salamah’s husband? Indicate his real name.Ans: Ummu Salamah’s husband was Abdullah ibn Abdulasad,who is known by his nick name, Abu Salamah—father of Salamah,their son.

3. Where was the first trip of Ummu Salamah to?Why did she travel?Ans:Life in Makkah became unbearable for many of the new muslims including Ummu Salamah and her family.The Prophet Muhammad PBUH recognized the oppression that they were enduring and gave permission for them to emigrate to Abyssinia

4. What lesson can one learn from the story of Ummu Salamah’s hijrah to Madinah?Ans:1. Always remain steadfast in your faith no matter what difficulties you may face.2. Always trust that Allah will help you out when you face tragedies, sooner or later.3. Whenever you are tested say this duaa’:

“Umm Salamah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and grant him peace) saying, “When a person suffers from a calamity and utters:

`Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji`un. Allahumma ujurni fi musibati, wakhluf li khairan minha (We belong to Allah and to Him we shall return. O Allah! Compensate me in my affliction, recompense my loss and give me something better in exchange for it), then Allah surely compensates him with reward and better substitute.” 

5. What was the du’aa’ Ummu Salamah learned when her husband was about to die?Ans:

`Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji`un. Allahumma ujurni fi musibati, wakhluf li khairan minha (We belong to Allah and to Him we shall return. O Allah! Compensate me in my affliction, recompense my loss and give me something better in exchange for it), then Allah surely compensates him with reward and better substitute.” 

6. What did Ummu Salamah say to Prophet Muhammad when He PBUH wanted to marry her? And what was his response?

Ans: ‘I am not fit for marriage (i.e. i am old), I am (a) jealous (person by nature) and have children.’

The Prophet (peace be upon him) then said, ‘I am older than you; as for your jealousy, Allah will remove it and as for the children, Allah and His Messenger will take care of them.’