ACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA

IMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA (AIHA)

DefinitionImmune hemolytic anemia describes a process in which erythrocytes are destroyed prematurely by an immune-mediated process.Hemolysis results from antibodies or complement, or both, attached to the red cell membrane is confirmed by a positive direct antiglobulin test (Coombs test)

Pathophysiology

Antiglobulin test (Coombs)DIRECTINDIRECT

ClassificationAlloimmune hemolytic anemiaAutoimmune hemolytic anemiaDrug-induced hemolytic anemia

Characteristics of AIHA

TYPE OF AIHACharacteristicWarm ReactiveCold AgglutininDiseaseParoxysmal ColdHemoglobinuriaAntibody isotypeIgG, Rare IgA, IgMIgMIgGDATIgG, Rare C3C3C3Ag specificityMultiple esp Rhi/I, PrPHemolysisExtravascularExtravascular IntravascularCommon diseaseAssociationsB-cell neoplasia, Collagen-vascularViral, neoplasiaSyphilis, viral