IIEE Magazine Mar-June2008 Issue

02iiee_final_versionNEW.indd 1 11/25/08 3:51:00 PM

March - June 2008 The Electrical Engineer �

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VisionTo be the best and most prestigious

professional technical organization in the Philippines

MissionTo deliver high-quality service and products for the purpose of instilling excellence in the electrical practitioner, enhancing the electrical profession, and

making a positive contribution to national development

2008 IIEE BOARD OF GOVERNORS

National President Hipolito A. LeoncioVP Internal Affiars Arthur N. EscalanteVP External Affairs Gregorio Y. GuevarraVP Technical Affairs Armando R. DiazNational Secretary Gregorio R. CayetanoNational Treasurer Jules S. AlcantaraNational Auditor Alex C. CabugaoRegion I Dominador N. Valmote, Jr.Region II Jose F. Bognot, Jr.Region IV Larry C. CruzRegion V Antonio B. MilleteRegion VI Alan D. JunsayRegion VII Roberto A. CabarrubiasRegion VIII Mario E. ViñasRegion IX Manuel S. Ibabao2007 National President Raymond A. Marquez

Officer in Charge Ramon P. Ayaton

THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

EDITORIAL BOARDEditor-in-Chief Armando R. Diaz

Publication CommitteeChair Frumencio T. TanMember Ariel M. GomezMember Dr. Allan C. NervesAdviser Sixto C. CamaclangEditorial Consultant Robinson S. Uy

EDITORIAL STAFFTechnical Head Ramon P. AyatonPublication Staff Marvin H. CasedaLayout/Communication Staff Rodyric F. SerranoIT Staff Dickinson C. LimTraining Staff Zaida Aileize TinioBEE Staff Ma. Elena U. LiongsonMarketing Head Allen M. PidoAccount Executive Nikki V. Menguito Joan Q. delos SantosMembership Head Angel L. Rafael Alma C. Larce Evangeline J. BorromeoAdministration Head Melissa Ann D. BanabanaAdministrative Staff Delfin M. Sitchon Gary E. Orillaza Eustaquio S. Libo-on Grendil S. DiestroFinance Head Maria Ana A. Glifonea Rita T. Dela Cruz

The Electrical Engineer is published quarterly by the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE), with editorial and business offices at 41 Monte de Piedad Street, Cubao Quezon City, Philippines. Tel Nos. (632) 722-7383, 727-3552, 412-5772, 448-5211, 414-5626. Fax Nos. (632) 727-3545 and 410-1899. Website: www.iiee.org.ph, www.iieeonline.com. Email: [email protected]. Articles and visual materials may not be reproduced without written consent from IIEE. The publication reserves the right to accept or deny editorial and advertising material.

THE

EDITOR’S NOTE 3

PRESIDENT’S REPORT 4

CHAPTER BITS 6

REGIONAL CONFERENCE 10

FEATURE STORIES:NUMBERS IN FLAME:THE FACT BEHIND THE FIGURES 17

GLOBAL WARMING & CLIMATE CHANGETHE REALITY BEHIND THE TRUTH 20

SPOTLIGHT: ENGR. JOSE B. CRUZ 22

INDUSTRY NEWS 26

MEMBER’S Q&A CORNER:ASK & BE ANSWEREDYOUR QUESTIONS MATTERS 30

TECHNICAL PAPER:FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVEOPTIMIZATION APPLIED TOEMBEDDED GENERATIONALLOCATION 35(cont. from the Jan-Feb. 2008 Issue)BY: ENGR. EDWIN B. CANO

SNAPSHOTS 38

MEMBERSHIP UPDATES 39

CONTENTSELECTRICAL ENGINEER

Views or opinions expressed by the authors of articles and research studies published in the The Electrical Engineer DO NOT necessarily reflect the views of the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE). Reactions and feedbacks from readers may be sent through e-mail at [email protected].


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EDITOR’S NOTE

Engr. Armando R. DiazEditor-in-Chief

Welcome to the Second Issue of “The Electrical Engineering Magazine” for 2008.

Coinciding with the Institute’s Regional and Chapters activities for the month of March is the annual observance of the Fire Prevention Month.

As we usher into the summer months, we are constantly reminded by the authorities to observe and practice fire safety measures. Statistically, the month of March shows an alarming increase in fire incidents.

In line with the observance of Fire Safety month, the Institute, in cooperation with the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP), launched various activities to remind the membership and the public in general on its essence. Insights and pictures of the events conducted by the Institute are featured inside for your appreciation.

In relation to the observance of the “Environment Month” the Institute prepared a short story, which we hope could inspire our readers to take precautionary actions to help prevent further degradation of our environment

For the regional activities, we will highlight the Regional Conferences of Regions IV, V, VI, and the 4th NCR Conference plus the events that other Regional Chapters hosted.

Finally, our National President would apprise us on the present status of the Institute’s Agenda for the year to keep us updated on the institutional progress regarding the matter.

Together, let us continue to promote the vision and mission of the Institute for a better IIEE as we join hands in moving forward.

TO OUR READERSCREATING AWARENESS & LEADING CHANGE

ForewordThe Engineer shall uphold and advance the integrity, honor, and dignity of the engineering profession by:

I. Using his knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare;

II. Being honest and impartial, and serving with fidelity the public, his employers, and his client; and

III. Striving to increase the competence and prestige of the engineering profession.

Fundamental We, therefore, Members of the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE), in recognition of the never-ending involvement of our technology, in uplifting the quality of life, and in accepting a personal obligation and dedication to our profession, its members, and the communities we serve, do hereby pledge and commit ourselves to the highest ethical and professional conduct and agree:

1. To accept responsibility in making sound engineering decisions, consistent with the safety, health, and welfare of the public and the environment;

2. To avoid real or perceived conflicts of interest, and to disclose them to affected parties whenever they do exist;

3. To be honest, objective, impartial and realistic in stating claims of estimates based on available date;

4. To prevent graft and corruption in all its forms;

5. To improve the understanding of technology, its advancement, its appropriate applications, and potential consequences;

6. To maintain and improve our technical competence and to undertake technological tasks for others only if qualified by education, training or experience or after full disclosure of pertinent limitations;

7. To seek, offer, and accept constructive criticism of technical work, to acknowledge and correct technical errors; and to credit properly their contributions;

8. To treat fairly all persons regardless of race, religion, gender, disability, age, or natural origins;

9. To avoid injury to another’s life, property, reputation, livelihood by false or malicious actions;

10. To assist colleagues and co-worker in their professional development and to support them in following the Code of Ethics.

EDITOR’S NOTE 3

PRESIDENT’S REPORT 4

CHAPTER BITS 6

REGIONAL CONFERENCE 10

FEATURE STORIES:NUMBERS IN FLAME:THE FACT BEHIND THE FIGURES 17

GLOBAL WARMING & CLIMATE CHANGETHE REALITY BEHIND THE TRUTH 20

SPOTLIGHT: ENGR. JOSE B. CRUZ 22

INDUSTRY NEWS 26

MEMBER’S Q&A CORNER:ASK & BE ANSWEREDYOUR QUESTIONS MATTERS 30

TECHNICAL PAPER:FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVEOPTIMIZATION APPLIED TOEMBEDDED GENERATIONALLOCATION 35(cont. from the Jan-Feb. 2008 Issue)BY: ENGR. EDWIN B. CANO

SNAPSHOTS 38

MEMBERSHIP UPDATES 39

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERThe IIEECode of Ethics



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FROM THE DESK OFTHE NATIONAL PRESIDENT

The second quarter of the year has already begun, and as promised in the last issue, your president would apprise the membership as to the status of the 3-Point agenda laid out for the year 2008 by the Institute.

99% Accuracy of Membership Database: We are currently upgrading our Membership Database and maximizing the capability of the available technology in the Institute to better manage the existing membership. The Committee Chaired by Engr. J. B. Panhilason has been tasked to develop the system that would enable the Institute to identify and locate members.

The Institute would be using all the technologies and communication devices that are available in the market today.

For instance, making use of the SMS technology and email; the Institute would conduct a text brigade or send emails updating our members on the latest developments, seminars, and conferences that the Institute would be conducting. The Electrical Engineer magazine would also be used to disseminate the Membership Update and Proxy Form.

Presently, the Institute is receiving MIS from all over the country and we hope that such trend will continue as we move forward.

Improvement of Membership Benefits: In terms of improving the benefits of the membership, the Institute has already been purchasing new electrical engineering books for the IIEE Library. These new references will be made available for the membership for research and study purposes.

The Institute website is also presently being upgraded to enable the members to access information with convenience. We would include in the website all the information needed by the membership such as, information on the present Board of Governors, upcoming seminars and conferences, technical papers/studies, and references/books available in the Institute.

For the information of all our members, the Institute now houses two websites, and they are as follows:

www.iiee.org.ph and, www.iieeonline.com.

For the EE Magazine, rest assured that the Publications Committee is doing its very best to achieve its goal to publish all the magazines for 2008 before the year ends. It is also our vision to publish the EE magazine on the web for easy access by our members.

For the seminars, the Technical Department had lined up various colloquiums to apprise our members on the developments on the electrical engineering profession. Regional Conferences are also being held monthly by our ever reliable Regional Chapters.

Although this is an annual practice, the Institute urges our Regional Governors to conduct other relevant conferences as well, by hosting significant technical and product presentations. We highly encourage them also to look for other distinguished engineering practitioners to preside over the sessions, for a change.

We recently detached the Membership function from the Marketing Department to better manage the needs of our membership and to have more focus in looking after the welfare of the membership. The Department is now being

Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio


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PRESIDENT’S REPORT

headed by Ms. Angela Rafael and aided by Ms. Alma C. Larce and Ms. Evangeline J. Borromeo. You can address your membership concerns to the above–mentioned personnel and rest assured that they will promptly assist you in anyway they can.

It has always been my dream and hope to see IIEE and its entire membership under one roof, where every member can discuss relevant issues about the Institute and the electrical profession, or simply to strengthen the camaraderie and unity handed over to us by our Incorporators.

In line with this dream, upon assuming the presidency for 2008, I immediately spearheaded the implementation of the 2008 Agenda and clique it for the benefits of the membership.

Having said that, I would like to appeal to all of our members to assist us in updating our membership database by filling-up the inserted Membership Update Form which comes together with this issue. Kindly send it back to us through fax or email. By doing so, you can avail of the numerous benefits that the Institute has in stored for its legitimate members especially your EE Magazine.

You can also avail of the Membership Update Form through the IIEE website: www.iiee.org.ph and www.iieeonline.com or by visiting your respective Chapters; if you are within the vicinity of the National Capital Region (NCR) you may visit the IIEE National Headquarters at 41 Monte de Piedad Street, Cubao, Quezon City; you may also call our staff to assist you, our numbers are: (02)-722-7383, 727-3552, 412-5772, 414-5626. Our fax numbers: are (02)727-3545 and 410-1899.

Strengthen IIEE-Government/Industry Partnership: We celebrated the Fire Prevention Month this March. In conjunction with this, the Institute tied up with the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in its effort to reinforce the Bureau in its battle against electrical related fire incidents. The said activities were undertaken as part of the existing Memorandum of Agreement entered into by IIEE and BFP on November 10, 2007.

IIEE also launched several programs to foster the advocacy of the group to promote electrical safety. As you are all aware, a considerable number of the fire incidents were caused by electrical malpractice, e.g. octopus wiring, illegal service connections, and antiquated house and office wirings.

As of today, the Institute is privileged to have strong ties with the Department of Energy-Philippine Efficient Lighting Market Transformation Project, National Power Corporation, Department of Interior and Local Government-Bureau of Fire Protection, National Transmission Corporation, Department of Trade and Industry-Bureau of Product Standards, Manila Electric Company, Original Equipment Manufacturers Association of the Philippines, Inc., Society of Philippine Electrical Contractors & Suppliers, Inc., Association of City/Municipality Electrical Engineers & Electricians, Electronics Industries Association of the Philippines, Inc., Renewable Energy Association of the Philippines, Inc., Philippine Association of Electrical Industries, Inc., Federation of Electronics Suppliers & Manufacturers of the Philippines, Inc. Energy Management, Association of the Philippines, Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association, Inc. and the Philippine Technological Council.

These partnerships are molded parallel to our objectives on Power Reform Advocacies, Environmental Protection, Electrical Safety, and Energy Efficiency.

The Institute has also held various environment related programs in line with IIEE’s theme for 2008. Several tree planting activities and seminars/educational programs were spearheaded through the dynamic efforts of our Regional Chapters.

In conclusion, I would like to inform the membership that the Institute is doing it’s very best to provide you with the benefits and services that you all deserved as members. The door of IIEE will always be opened to you if you have any comments, suggestions, or questions. I enjoin all of you to join hands with me to propel IIEE into an institute that it should stand for.

Also, may I personally invite all our members to actively participate in many of our activities as participants or better yet as member in the various committees of the Institute.

May God bless IIEE!

“I enjoin all of you to join hands with me to propel IIEE into an Institute that it should stand for”.

“THE TRUE WAY TO RENDER OURSELVES HAPPY IS TO LOVE OUR WORK AND FIND IN IT OUR PLEASURE”

-FRANCOISE DE MOTTEVILLE

“QOUTE & UNQOUTE”



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Chapter BitsGlobal & Local

To show that not even oceans or time difference can stop IIEE from delivering the benefits due to the membership, IIEE-CRCSA hosts technical seminars on March 07, 2008 at the Al Mutlaq Hotel in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Engr. Francisco C. Sigaya, Jr., President of IIEE-CRCSA, led the Chapter in organizing the technical seminars which tackled the following topics: “Understanding Isolated Power Systems for Healthcare Applications” and “Update on Latest Fire Alarm System Technology”

The first topic was discussed by Engr. Ayman Al Hammad Sabaneh, Area Manager, Central Region-Electro Power Systems (GENT by Honeywell). Engr. Sabaneh shared his insights and opinion on the matter. He expounded on the importance of understanding the topic and how the participants can apply them in their workplace especially for those who are involved in the Health Industry.

The “Update on Latest Fire Alarm System Technology” was presented by Engr. Hassan Wisha, Regional Sales Manager of Electro Power Systems (Post Clover Life-link-USA). The latter imparted to the attendees the latest technology/advancement in the fire alarm system technology. He further disclosed some tips on how to

prevent or minimize fire incidents in their workplace and on what to do in case of fire.

65 Attendees from different sectors were present at the event. Participants actively participated in the open forum of both topics. Showing their gratitude for the very enthusiastic participation of the attendees, both speakers gamely answered all the queries arising from the lectures made and added more information for the benefits of the members.

Engr. F. C. Sigaya, Jr., in his closing remarks, applauded the efforts of the officers in his Chapter and assured the members that more relevant and interesting seminars will be held in the future.

IIEE-CRCSA HOSTS TECHNICAL SEMINARS

Clockwise: Left Picture: The Guest Speakers for the Technical Seminars (from left to right:) Engr. Hassan Wisha, Reg. Sales Manager of Electro Power Systems, Jamil Mujarel, Engr. Rolando Deliva

Above Right: IIEE-CRCSA President Francisco C. Sigayawelcomes the participants to the simultaneous technicalseminars organized by the Chapter

Below Right: Officers and Members of IIEE-CRCSA poses fora souvenir picture


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NEWS

Acknowledging the dangers that fire incidents can pose to the society and its people, IIEE-Davao City , in collaboration with the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) launched a city-wide motorcade to disseminate fire prevention tips.

Carrying the theme “Be Informed! Get Involved!” Region IX Governor Engr. Manny Ibabao, Chapter President Engr. Fritz Arriate; fellow officer Engrs. Judacs Solicar, and Cecille Sawan; and officials from BFP-Davao City toured the City and distributed information leaflets to the people.

Before the motorcade, Engr. Manny Ibabao, in his short speech, shared to the participants the importance of knowledge and safety in preventing fire incidents. He also commended the Chapter for being an active participant in their City development programs and for bringing the Institute closer to the community.

On their part, the people from Davao City showed their appreciation on the efforts of the Chapter and BFP by actively participating in the discussions on fire safety that were conducted by the Chapter Officers and BFP officials during the motorcade.

Engr. Fritz Arriate, in his closing remarks, assured the officials of Davao City that the Institute will go hand-in-hand with them in fighting fire incidents by conducting series of seminars on electrical safety for the residence of the City.

IIEE-DAVAO CITY JOINS FIRE PREVENTION CAMPAIGN MOTORCADE

In line with its commitment to disseminate technical information to its members, IIEE-Sultan Kudarat, in close coordination with National Transmission Corporation (TransCo), sponsored a technical session/seminar on “Dissolved Gas Analysis on Insulating Oil and Transformer Protection.”

The seminar was held on March 08, 2008 at the Edjin Pension House Function Room and was attended by the Generation, Transmission and Distribution utilities; regulators, national and local government, academes, electrical practitioners, and was supported by the different Chapters of the Region.

For his opening remarks, Engr. Manuel S. Ibabao, Region IX Governor, thanked the Chapter for its successful preparation for the event. He likewise averred the need for the seminar and its importance to the electrical engineering practitioners and further encouraged the hosting of another equally relevant seminars/technical sessions.

IIEE-Sultan Kudarat Sponsor Seminar on Dissolved Gas Analysis on Insulating Oil and Transformer Protection

Reg. IX Governor Engr. Manny S. Ibabao (second from the left) with the officers of BFP-Davao City

Officers and members of IIEE-Sultan Kudarat with Engr. Manny S. Ibabao and on his right is Engr. Norris Punzalan of TransCo

Engr. Norris Punzalan of TransCo served as the resource lecturer for the topic. He elucidated on the importance of the analysis and expounded on the benefits of the information to the industry. The participants were very much delighted with the comprehensive lecture they got. The seminar was also marked by active participation on the part of the attendees especially during the open forum.

During the closing ceremonies, Engr. Elmo Batislaong, IIEE-Sultan Kudarat Chapter President, promised to the delegates that the seminar is only the first of the series of technical seminars that the Chapter has planned to conduct this year. He also congratulated the other Chapter Officers for the success of the gathering.

With a taste of the initial treat of this technical seminar, the participants is looking forward for the next forth coming technical treat that the Regional and Chapter Officers have in-stored for them.



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After the successful 9th Region IV Conference hosted by Southern Cavite Chapter, the IIEE - Region IV Chapter Officers and members headed by 2008 Region IV Governor Larry C. Cruz once more showed their solidarity in achieving the region’s ONE TEAM, ONE VISION goal under the Journey to Unity (J2U) program.

IIEE Northern Laguna, Central Laguna, Southern Laguna and Southern Cavite Chapters visited their neighbor IIEE East Laguna on April 19, 2008 for a day of camaraderie enhancement, skill development, and plant tours.

Engr. Pascual Ferrer, Chapter President of IIEE-East Laguna, along with the other Chapter officers, met the participants at the Sun Star Mall in Sta. Cruz, Laguna and accompanied the group all the way to Kalayaan, Laguna.

The following activities were prepared by the East Laguna Chapter for the enjoyment of the participants: (a) Plant tours at Kalayaan Pump–Up Hydroelectric Power Plant and Botocan Hydroelectric Power Plant; (b) Technical seminars on “Oiled Filled Transformers” which was presented by Engr. Eduardo Arenas, a Member of the Board of Directors (BOD) of NLC; (c) and “Repair Fundamental of Motor” which was expounded by Engr. Leonardo Dayon, Member of NLC.

Further, being one of the objectives of the J2U program, IIEE members were also updated on the current and future programs of the Institute and IIEE-Region IV. After which, a General Membership Meeting was held in the afternoon to discuss and resolve concerns and issues relating to the membership. IIEE Membership Update Forms were also handed out to members who have not yet submitted or filled-up their membership update forms.

National VP-Technical, Engr. Armando Diaz and Membership and Chapter Development Committee Vice Chairman Engr. John Eduard Bautista attended the affair and joined the discussions.

JOURNEY TO UNITY VISITS IIEE-EAST LAGUNAPresent also during the affair were the incumbent

and former Region IV officers namely: Former Region IV Governor Jesus Redelosa; 2008 Southern Cavite President Florencio Berenguel; 2008 Central Laguna President Manny Guevarra; 2008 Southern Laguna President Jessie Almario; 2006 Northern Laguna President Dennis Saavedra; 2000 Central Laguna President Alberto Herrera Jr.; 2007 Central Laguna President Allan Anthony Alvarez; East Laguna Founding President Sofrino Andal Sr; and former Laguna Chapter President Tomas Vandallon.

Above: The Group with Engr. Armando R. Diaz, National VP-Technical, at the Control Room of Kalayaan Pump-Up Hydroelectric Power Plant

Engr. Pascual Ferrer and East Laguna Chapter Officers met the participants from other Chapters at the Sun Star Mall in Sta. Cruz, Laguna for the Motorcade with them is former Region IV Governor Jesus Redelosa, and incumbent VP-Technical Engr. Armando R. Diaz


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NEWS

JOURNEY TO UNITY VISITS IIEE-EAST LAGUNADue to the damage inflicted by Typhoon Frank to

Aklan and Iloilo City, the two areas were declared under the state of calamity along with other affected provinces in the country to ensure that prompt deliveries of relief goods and services are accorded to the typhoon victims.

For the relief operation in the areas of Aklan and Iloilo City, the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) reported that four provincial/district hospitals from Aklan are now being used to assist the injured residents of the province, they are, Dr. Rafael Tambukon Memorial Hospital in Kalibo, Altavas District Hospital, Libacao Municipal Hospital, and Don Leovigildo Diapo Sr, Municipal Hospital in Madalag. Meanwhile Iloilo City offered its Pedro Trono Hospital in Guimbal, Aleosan Hospital in Alimodian, Federico Roman Tirador Sr Memorial District Hospital in January Ramon Tabiana Memorial District Hospital in Cabatuan, Dumangas District Hospital in Dumangas, Sara District Hospital in Sara, and Jesus Colmenares District Hospital in Balasan.

For the distribution of rice, Region VI, which includes the two areas, received 11,300 sacks of rice.

Distributions of potable water were also carried out. 70% of the water supply from Metro Iloilo Water District (MWID) was cut off due to the collapsed of the Imelda Marcos Bridge and the service provider has to conduct repair and rehabilitation of water supply main line in the province of Iloilo.

The estimated cost of damages to watercrafts (pump boats and speed boats) in Aklan, Boracay Island alone is Php 50 Million while in Iloilo there are still 311 families in the evacuation centers. 16 bridges and various road networks were heavily damaged, and an oil tanker sunk on June 21 in the seawater of Brgy. Punta, Carles.

The whole of Aklan except Poblacion Kalibo and Madalag are now enjoying normal power supply; while in Iloilo, ILECO 1 is reported to be 100% energized. ILECO II, which has 23 barangays, are still without power, i.e. 15 in Duenas, four in January, four in Lambunao; ILECO III stated that electric facilities for its 35 barangays have now been energized.

Meanwhile, the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE) upon seeing the situation of the residents of Aklan and Iloilo immediately responded by donating Php 55,000.00 and empowered its Regional Governor, Engr. Alan D. Junsay, to disseminate the amount to our affected IIEE members and residents in his Region.

National Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio enjoined the membership that it is the duty of the Institute to extend help, not only to its members, but also to our community especially in times of calamity.

Engr. Alan D. Junsay welcomed the advised and assured the Institute that his Region would use the fund prudently to extend help to their community as well.

TYPHOON VICTIMS IN AKLAN AND ILOILO RECEIVES AID“It is the duty of the Institute to extend help, not only to its members, but also to the community especially in times of calamity” - Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio

THE FACE OF DISASTER


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In its aim to organize the best conference ever conducted in the history of IIEE, combined with the hard work, support, and dedication of its Regional Governor, Officers, members and other regional chapters; IIEE-South Cavite Chapter garnered a record breaking rating in the history of the Regional Conference of IIEE, and was marked as a “Conference Made in Heaven.”

The Conference which was held on March 28-29, 2008

and organized by IIEE-SCC, was led by Chapter President Engr. Florencio D. Berenguel, who also served as Conference Vice-Chairman, and Engr. Ederlito F. Guleng, VP-Internal and Head of the Conference Bureau. Region IV Governor Engr. Larry C. Cruz provided his guidance to the Chapter and served as Conference Chairman for the event.

Pre-Conference Events A Plant Tour/Visit on the morning of March 15, 2008,

started the affair. The organizers, members, students from the University of Perpetual Help System-Laguna, and three (3) valued sponsors visited the Philflex Wires and Cables Co. at Governor’s Drive, Barangay Sampaloc IV, Dasmariñas, Cavite. A brief lecture started the activities followed by the much awaited plant tour. Plant Manager Engr. Conrado A. Suello, who hosted the visit, even provided lunch for the attendees and some tokens of appreciation to them.

To cap the day, a motorcade was arranged from the Philflex compound up to the Robinsons Galleria in Imus, Cavite, the venue for the bowling/sport fest competition. Engr. Julius Alayon from Koten Enterprises Co., Inc. garnered the “Longest Consecutive Strike” while Ms. Tina Tumpalan and Engr. Robin Batacandolo, both from Southern Cavite, got the Highest Single for the Women’s and Men’s Divisions respectively.

For the Team Category, the team of Engrs. Bong, Robin, and Lito from Southern Cavite bagged the title, followed by the team of Ms. Malou Doles from Koten Enterprises, Inc. who got the first runner up, and Mr. Melvin David’s Team from KC Industrial Inc. got the second runner up title.

The Conference One of the main trusts of the conference is to

provide solutions in response to the IIEE’s Annual Theme “Responding to Global Electrical Safety, Energy Efficiency and Environment Protection”.

The conference was designed to anticipate and develop a wider scope, while promoting the upgrading and empowerment, of the electrical engineering profession, using modern advance technologies available.

The event was graced by Hon. Amboy Velasco, Cavite Provincial Administrator. In his speech, Hon. Velasco thanked IIEE for the programs and seminars that the Institute undertook in their province. He also gave importance on the significance of communication between IIEE and the local government in boosting future endeavors that will ultimately benefit not only the members of the Institute but also the community as well. He promised the Institute the full cooperation of the local government in all IIEE seminars, projects, and activities in the Region.

The two-day event featured the following seminars and technical sessions: BEE Time presided by BEE Member Engr. Jaime Mendoza; Lecture on Substation Maintenance, conducted by 2002 IIEE President Engr. Francis Mapile; Lecture on IRR & PD 1185 (Fire Code of the Phils.) which was imparted by Sr. Supt. Norman Pinion, Regional Director of BFD Region IV-B; National Building Code & IRR by Engr. Florigo C. Varona, Vice Chairman,IIEE Advocacy Group; Lecture on Sustainable Energy by Engr. Robinie D. Batacandolo, 2005 SCC President; Energy Efficiency in Manufacturing Operations by Engr. Rene Ong, VP-Internal CLC; Lecture on Protective Relaying & Short Circuit Calculation by Engr. Benigno Jimenez; Lecture on Electrical Hazardous Waste Management by Engr. Jozane F. Jalbuena; PEC for Electrical Installation by Engr. Edgardo Antonio; Energy Efficiency, Best Practice by Engr. John Eduard Bautista; and the Lecture on the Specification Guidelines for Improving Power Quality by Engr. Generoso Restubog.

The Power Forum was presided by Engr. Edward L. Mendoza, BEE Member and President-DSM++ Solutions, Inc., and Engrs. Rosendo C. Perez Jr. and Florigo C. Varona, who are both from DSM++ Solutions, Inc. also.

The Conference also witnessed the signing of the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between IIEE,

9th Regional Conference of Region IVCONFERENCE MADE IN HEAVEN

The Pre-Conference Event: Plant Tour and Bowling Tournament


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March - June 2008 The Electrical Engineer 11

REGIONAL CONFERENCES

represented by IIEE National President Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, and MITEAA, represented by Engr. Max Daguil.

Power Awareness seminars and workshops were also conducted and were participated by different electrical engineering practitioners in the Region, including management teams from different industries. IIEE-SCC also housed 20 exhibitors which exhibited their latest wares and products to the participants.

The Conference would not be complete without the much awaited Skills Olympic for the Building Wiring and Conventional Motor Control. The affair was organized by Engrs. Antonio L. Elepaño, Francisco Duller, and Florigo C. Varona as their advisers. The event was won by Team Aceco Blue. Team UPHS came in as first runner-up, and Team TUP Cavite, bagged the second runner-up award. Team EHS was awarded Best in Uniform.

Region IV also conducted the first ever Poster Making Contest for the students of the different colleges and universities in the Region.

For the event, Team Letran prevailed by bagging the Championship Award. TUP Dasmariñas Cavite Group B followed as first runner-up and TUP Dasmariñas Cavite Group A came in as second runner-up.

In his closing remark, Engr. Larry C. Cruz commended the Chapter officers for all the effort exerted into the conference. He also assured the members, sponsors, and the Institute for another ground-breaking conference next year, which will be hosted by IIEE-Batangas Chapter.

Due to the combined efforts and supports exerted by the different Chapters of the Region, the 9th Regional Conference of Region IV gained a record breaking 93.39% initial conference rating, the highest rating ever received in the history of IIEE Regional Conferences.

In the Red CarpetFrom L to R: IIEE-SC President Engr. Florencio D. Berenguel, National President, Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, and Region IV Governor, Eng Larry C. Cruz

FELLOWSHIP NIGHT: NIGHT OF CAMARADERIE AND UNITY

The Opening of ExhibitsFrom L to R: Engrs. Manny S. Ibabao, Reg. 9 Governor, Dominador N. Valmonte, Jr., Reg. 1 Governor, Florencio D. Berenguel, IIEE-SCC Chapter President, Larry C. Cruz, Reg. 4 Governor, Jose F. Bognot, Reg. 2 Governor, Hon. Amboy Velasco, Cavite Provincial Administrator, Engrs. Hipolito A. Leoncio, National President, Jules S. Alcantara, National Treasurer, Antonio B. Milette, Reg. 5 Governor, Alan D. Junsay, Reg. 6 Governor, Jozane F. Jalbuena, and John Eduard G. Bautista


March - June 2008 The Electrical Engineer 1�


The event was attended by some 132 participants representing the various Chapters and Universities in the Region.

Before the event, a pre-conference planning session was diligently conducted by the Chapter in preparation for the planned events for the Conference. The meeting also coincides with the Chapter’s General Membership Meeting and was held at the V-Deck Function Hall in Iriga City.

The Conference commence with a mass celebration held inside the venue. After which, a motorcade follow suit, announcing to the City the opening of the celebration.

A tree planting activity was also conducted during the said event by the Chapter at Perpetual Help in observance of the Institute’s theme for the year.

The opening ceremony was graced by Honorable Madelaine Alfelor-Gazmen, Iriga City Mayor. In her opening remarks, the Mayor commended the Institute for its programs on energy efficiency and environment protection. She also relayed her gratitude for the Chapter’s support on her socio-civic activities. In her closing statement, the

Iriga City-Rinconada Chapter hosted the Annual Regional Conference of Region V at the University of Saint Anthony (USANT), Iriga City on April 10 – 12, 2008.

IIEE-IRIGA CITY-RINCONADA CELEBRATESREGION V 9th REGIONAL CONFERENCE

The 2008 BOG with the Officers and Members of IIEE-Iriga City-Rinconadas strikes a pose during the Fellowship Night

The Honorable Mayor of Iriga City, Madelaine Alfelor-Gazmen, during her opening remarks


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REGIONAL CONFERENCESHonorable Mayor encouraged the Chapter and the Institute to conduct more activities and outreach programs for the benefit of the community.

Also during the conference, Iriga City-Rinconada Chapter presented a series of technical sessions and product presentations to acquaint the membership on the latest developments and products in the field of electrical engineering.

The technical and product presentations were carried out on the last day of the Conference. Engr. Joebe B. Panhilason discussed the Essence of Parliamentary Procedure and Engr. Romeo Quisto tackled the Electrical System Design for High Rise Buildings. Engr. Benigno S. Jimenez discussed on the topic, Grounding & Protection for Commercial & Industrial Power Systems and Equipment Testing & Commissioning; Engr. Meleusipo Fonollera (Former IIEE National President) of PEMC oriented the participants on the developments in the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM); and last but not the least among the technical sessions, Engr. Gabriel J. Espinas gave a lecture on the High Voltage DC Systems to the attendees.

Various product presentations by notable companies also followed suit.

Succeeding the presentations was the Chapter Officers’ meeting; representatives coming from the seven Chapters of the Region attended the affair and expressed their thoughts regarding the activities being conducted by the Institute.

Participants trooped to the V-Deck Function Hall for the Fellowship Night. Great music, foods, and drinks overflowed as members gathered together to unwind and shared a night of camaraderie and joy.

During the closing ceremonies, Engr. Antonio B. Millete congratulated the Chapter for successfully hosting the Conference and challenged the other chapter of the

The Honorable Mayor of Iriga City, Madelaine Alfelor-Gazmen, during her opening remarks

Officers and Members of IIEE-Iriga City-Rinconada enjoying the night with Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, IIEE National President

Region specially the next host of the Conference to equal, if not surpass, the excellent hosting done by IIEE-Iriga City-Rinconada on the 9th Regional Conference.

IIEE-Iriga City-Rinconada Chapter President, Engr. Enelito N. Vargaz, in his short speech, expressed his gratitude to his fellow officers namely; Engrs. Avelino S. Albaño VP-Internal; Albert M. Ramos, VP-External; Dominador D. Almasco, Jr., VP-Technical; Virginia V. Pontillas, Chapter’s Secretary; Eddie L. Cabaltera, Treasurer; Juvy Maria SL. Arroyo, Auditor; Jerome L. Panotes, P. I. O.; and Board of Directors Gracia B. Alteza, Fernando N. Babilia, Jerry S. Bayta, Antonio C. Cepe, Wenifredo L. Pacer, and Ariel O. Soriano.

In response, the Honorable Mayor M. A. Gazmen showed her appreciation to the Chapter by hosting a dinner-party at the Desny Grill & Restaurant after the ceremonies.

The event was participated by 87 professionals and 45 students, eight exhibitors and seven product presentators.




Wanting to surpass the success of last year’s Region VI Conference, IIEE-Iloilo City gathered all its members and hosts the Region’s best conference by far on May 22, 2008 at the Sarabia Manor Hotel and Convention Center in Iloilo City.

The Pre-Conference commenced with a motorcade

organized by the Chapter which orbited the whole City of Iloilo before proceeding to the St. Elizabeth Bowling Alley for the much anticipated Bowling Tournament.

The Conference was graced by Hon. Jerry. P. Treñas,

City Mayor of Iloilo . During his speech, he recognized and commended the programs and activities of the Chapter in aid of his administration. He also cited the environment awareness programs of the Chapter which in turn helped the City to be one of the cleanest and greenest City in the Region. The Mayor concluded his speech by encouraging more activities in support of the City and of the electrical profession in general.

For the benefit of the participants, the Chapter

organized and featured relevant and interesting technical sessions to update them on the latest trends and issues affecting the technical and electrical profession in general.

For the first day of the technical session, the “Regulation

of Transmission Service and the Aspect of Metering” was

tackled by Engr. Jules Alcantara, IIEE National Treasurer, while Electrical System Grounding and Bonding was shared by Engr. Jaime V. Mendoza, Member, Board of Electrical Engineering (BEE).

The first day of the conference was also highlighted by

the Ceremonial Turn-Over of the check representing the first payment of the approved re-payment scheme of loan for the IIEE Building in Iloilo to the National Office. Engr. Alan D. Junsay, Region VI Governor, handed the check to National President, Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio and was witnessed by Engr. Gregorio Guevarra, VP for External Affairs, Engr. Gregorio Cayetano, National Secretary, Engr. Jules Alcantara, National Treasurer, and Engr. Alex C. Cabugao, National Auditor.

Capping the first day of the activities was the much

awaited Fellowship Night. National Officers, delegates, exhibitors, and fellow electrical practitioners from Region VI gathered together for a night of camaraderie and enhanced friendship.

For the second day of the technical session, Guidelines

on Energy Conserving Designs of Buildings was discussed by Engr. Alex C. Cabugao of Meralco; Roadway Lighting, by Engr. Raymond A. Marquez, Immediate Former National President; Technical Presentation on DU and Electrical Cooperative Engineering by Phelicl; Introduction to Power Quality by Engr. Ram R. Camanay from Meralco; Energy Efficiency Initiatives (Best Practices) by Engr. John Eduard Bautista, Dir. of Engineering and Environmental Management of EDSA Shangrila Hotel; and ending the technical sessions for the Conference was the topic Hazardous Waste Awareness and Management (Generated

REGION VI REGIONAL CONFERENCEILOILO CITY SUCCESSFULLY HOSTS

From L to R: Representatives from Columbia Wires Corp. Engrs. Dominador Valmonte, Jr., Reg. I Governor, Manny Viñas, Reg. 8 Governor, Alan D. Junsay, Reg. 6 Governor, Rep. Columbia Wires Corp., Engrs. Hipolito A. Leoncio, National President, Alex C. Cabugao, National Auditor, Paterno C. Cabangisan, Iloilo Chapter President, and Larry C. Cruz, Reg. 4 Governor

From L to R: Engrs. Hipolito A. Leoncio, National President,Paterno C. Cabangisan, Iloilo Chapter President, Representative of Mayor Jerry P. Treñas of Iloilo City, and Reg. 6 Governor Engr. Alan D. Junsay

IIEE


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REGIONAL CONFERENCESfrom Electrical Devices, Components and Equipments) by Engr. Jozane F. Jalbuena, Head of the Utilities & Engineering Group of Toyota Motors Philippines.

To spice up the Conference, various manufacturers,

suppliers, and distributors, also provided interesting product presentations to apprise all the attendees to the latest developments and technologies in the technical field.

During the closing ceremonies, Hon. Jed Patrick

Mabilog, Vice-Mayor of Iloilo City, extended his congratulation to the Chapter for successfully hosting the Conference and again featuring the beauty of the City to the various visitors and delegates that the Organizer invited. He also reiterated the gratefulness of the City for the programs and activities conducted by the Chapter in support of the City’s goals and objectives.

In his closing statements, Engr. Alan D. Junsay, praised the Chapter for successfully hosting the Conference and cited the excellent supervision of Engr. Paterno C. Cabangisan, IIEE-Iloilo City Chapter President and other Chapter’s officers. Engr. Junsay wrapped up the event by assuring the National Officers, delegates, members and visitors of more outstanding and germane colloquiums in the future.

The IIEE-Iloilo City Officers are as follows: Engr.

Paterno C. Cabangisan, Chapter President; Engr. Glenn N. Grecia, VP-Internal Affairs; Engr. Gilbert F. Bordon, VP-External Affairs; Engr. Andrew D. Zepeda, VP-Techncial Affairs; Engr. Agustin M. Dabucon, Secretary; Engr. Rene P. Palomo, Treasurer; Engr. Marlon C. Guirhem, Auditor; and Engr. Allan S. Biton, P. I. O.

The Board of Directors are composed of: Engr. Jose

Uriel F. Arancillo, RME Robert M. Jalbuena, Engr. Donnie T. Lagmaden, Engr. Reginald S. Monsale, Engr. Albert P. Paclibar, Engr. Roy Sandy C. Regalado, Engr. Gabriel M.

Salistre, Jr., Immediate Past President Engr. Aprudencio Espanta, Jr., and Ms. Anita Carugda the IIEE-Office Secretariat.

REGION VI REGIONAL CONFERENCEILOILO CITY SUCCESSFULLY HOSTS

Below: Ceremonial Turnover of Check

From L to R: Officers of IIEE-Iloilo Chapters with Engrs. Alan D. Junsay, Reg. 6 Governor, Hipolito A. Leoncio, National President, Gregorio R. Cayetano, National Secretary, Jules S. Alcantara, Natioanal Treasurer, Alex C. Cabugao, National Auditor, and Gregorio Y. Guevarra

Above: Show of Strength and Camaraderie

From L to R: Engrs. Arthur N. Escalante, VP-Internal; Alan D. Junsay, Reg. 6 Governor; Jose F. Bognot, Jr., Reg. 2 Governor; Dominador N. Valmonte, Jr., Reg. 1 Governor; Larry C. Cruz, Reg. 4 Governor; Antonio B. Millete, Reg. 5 Governor; Manny S. Ibabao, Reg. 9 Governor; and Mario E. Viñas, Reg. 8 Governor




In line with its goal of providing relevant technical seminars and fora for the membership, IIEE-National Capital Region (NCR) held its 4th NCR Conference on June 25-26, 2008 at the Quezon City Sports Club in Quezon City.

The opening ceremony was graced by Hon. Undersecretary Pablo M. Pan III of the National Electrification Administration (NEA). During his speech, he cited the programs and activities of the Institute and how these endeavors aided NEA in their own agenda. He also encouraged the Institute to further enhance its relationships with government and non-government organizations for the betterment of IIEE and its community.

The Conference, which was organized by the NCR Affairs Bureau, headed by Engr. Ramon Z. Gatchalian, featured pertinent technical seminars for the delegates to enjoy. The colloquiums are as follows: Building Guidelines by Engr. Alex C. Cabugao, National Treasurer, IIEE; Bio-fuel by Engr. Adel V. Garcia; Environmental Science by Dr. Manny Biona; Specification Guidelines for Improving Power Quality by Engr. Genoroso G. Restubog; Hazardous Waste Management by Engr. Jozane F. Jalbuena; Grounding for Safety and Efficiency by Engr. Rolas S. Mercado; and Maintenance as a Source of Profit by Engr. Ulysses B. Paguio.

The Practitioners Forum was facilitated by Engr. Rodolfo R. Peñalosa, Chairman of the Board of Electrical Engineering (BEE); with him were other resource panelists, namely: Engr. Enrico Viray, OIC for the Network Protection Department of National Transmission Corporation; Dr. Rogelio Baldesimo Aniez, Jr., Dean, College of Engineering, University of the East–Caloocan; and Engr. Virgilio B. Arevalo, Account Officer for the Manila Electric Company.

The Plenary Technical Session was hosted by Engr. Edward L. Mendoza, BEE Member, and Engr. Florigo C. Varino, Vice-Chairman of IIEE-Advocacy Group and General Manager of F. C. Varona Consultancy Services.

The event likewise featured various product presentations from various companies coming from different industries to acquaint the delegates on the new technologies and innovations available in the market today.

Engr. Jose B. Cruz, Jr. of The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, USA illumined the closing ceremonies with his enlightening speech on Global Competitiveness of Philippine Electrical Engineers. In his speech, he tackled the means on how to enhance global competitiveness and be included in the International Registry of Professional

Engineers (IRPE), and on how to satisfy the standing requirements of IRPE which are recognized by the Washington Accord.

He also heaved challenges to the Institute to influence the direction of the electrical engineering education through taking on leadership roles; to influence the EE program objectives of universities; and to volunteer to serve in the Evaluation Teams for EE programs in the Universities.

Meanwhile, coinciding with the 4th NCR Conference is the 2008 Mid-Year General Membership Meeting of the Institute. During the meeting, the 2008 Board of Governors apprised the members on the developments and undertakings of the Institute for the first half of the year. Engr. Arthur N. Escalante, VP Internal-National, informed the members on the improvement on the membership database of IIEE and its action plan for the remainder of

the year. On the other hand, Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, IIEE National President, reported the updates on the Institute’s “Three-point Agenda” and his accomplishments for the past six months.

Other issues included in the agenda such as the 2007 Financial Statement Report, Update on the Ratification of the Amendments to the IIEE Constitution and By-Laws, and the BEE Resolution No. 36, Series of 2002 were deferred and moved to be included in the Business Meeting Agenda in the upcoming 33rd Annual National Convention.

4th NCR CONFERENCE AND2008 MID-YEAR GENERAL MEMBERSHIP MEETING

From L to R: Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, IIEE-National President, Hon. Pablo M. Pan III, NEA Undersecretary, and Engr. Arthur N. Escalante, VP-Internal Affairs


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Also, a nationwide comparative fire statistics report for 2007 and 2008 was also released by the Bureau in its effort to inform the people on the rate of increase/decrease of fire incidents in the country and further including the nature, fatality, and injuries sustained by various sectors of our society including that of the fire fighters themselves.

THEFIGURES***source-BFP Investigation and Intelligence Division

FEATURE STORY

CAUSES OF FIRE INCIDENTS

Numbers in Flames

As we slowly usher into the dry season, the threat of fire incidents continues to thread as well. Injuries and fatalities relating to the inferno incessantly sprout every where especially in the metropolis. But unlike any other calamities, these incidents are not force majeure which means the same can be prevented; if not totally eliminated. After all, this cataclysm emanated from men’s own misdeeds.

The Local Government Authorities (LGU’s) and the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in close coordination with various Non-Government Organizations (NGO) and private corporations religiously took upon themselves the arduous task of informing the citizenry on the seriousness and the means of fire prevention.

Taking a closer look at the fire incidents that occurred for the month of January and February 2008, the incidents could have been prevented if proper precautionary measures were taken not only by the people affected but by the corporations involved.

The Investigation and Intelligence Division of BFP recently released figures for the above–mentioned months citing the causes of the fire incidents nationwide.

Numbers in Flames


The Local Government Authorities (LGU’s) and the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in close coordination with various Non-Government Organizations (NGO) and private corporations religiously took upon themselves the arduous task of informing the citizenry on the seriousness and the means of fire prevention.



Also, a nationwide comparative fire statistics report for the month of February was also released by the Bureau in its effort to inform the people on the rate of increase/decrease of fire incidents in the country and further including the nature, fatality, and injuries sustained by various sectors of our society including the fire fighters themselves.


The Local Government Units (LGU’s) and the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in close coordination with various Non-Government Organizations (NGO) and private corporations religiously took upon themselves the arduous task of informing the citizenry on the seriousness and the means of fire prevention.



FACTS BEHIND



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Closing in on the figures on the INVOLVED category, a total of 1,078 residences were burnt leaving thousands of families homeless. Though the figures have dropped in 2008, still the fact remains that a considerable number of Filipino families were left without shelters due to this fires.

As regards to the effect of the fire incidents on the economy, a total of 253 business establishments, Industrial/Factory, Commercial/Mercantile, and Storage spaces were engulfed by fire, leaving thousands of workers unemployed.

The injuries and fatalities relating to the incidents also showed dismal numbers; hiding the fact that the affected individual can never leave a normal life because of the injuries sustained or the lost of loved ones. For the victims, the variance does not matter, they still and would be missing a loved one they lost, or the normal life they have once live.

The statistics does not lie, but it hides the fact that these kinds of incidents do not only contribute to the significance of the damages done, but more than that, to the destruction of the lives of our country men as a whole; notwithstanding the hardship they are already undergoing prior to it.

What can be done?Fire prevention can never be laid solely on the

shoulders of BFP. Due to the increasing population of the country, the continuing industrialization of towns and provinces, the antiquated equipments and vehicles, the salaries and benefits of our firemen, the work of the Bureau keep getting more challenging each day. Compared to the first world countries, our local fire department do not have the most advance fire fighting equipment, and salaries/benefits that corresponds with their dangerous jobs.

But when it comes to courage, determination, and approaches, our local fire figthers, particularly the fire volunteers associations, could be at par with the almost space-age Fire Bureaus of other countries.

The Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE) recognizing these problems of the Fire Bureau took the initiative of extending its technical resources to help diminish the incidents of fire by disseminating information and fire safety tips. The Institute also took time to conduct seminars in partnership with the BFP in implementing fire safety advocacy programs throughout our entire nation.

Just to cite the foregoing endeavors, the following are the fire prevention tips being circulated by the Institute:

Do’s

• Only adults should be allowed to light-up candles.

• Put off the candles if you have to leave it unattended or have to go asleep.

• Use holders that can’t burn and won’t allow the candle to fall over.

• Place candles where children and pets cannot reach them. Place them away from things that can catch fire like curtains when blown by the wind.

• It is too dangerous to leave matches or lighters where young children can get them. Keep them locked away. Do not leave them in purses or in the pockets of your clothes.

• Make sure you own a handy small flashlight which you can use anytime to avoid being tempted to keep the candle burning especially for children.

Closing in on the figures on the INVOLVED category, a total of 1,078 residential were burnt in two (2) years leaving thousands of families homeless. Though this figure has dropped in 2008, still the fact remains that a considerable number of Filipino families were left without shelters.

As regards the effect of the fire incidents on the economy, a total of 253 business establishments, Industrial/Factory, Commercial/Mercantile/, and Storage spaces were engulfed by fire; thus leaving thousands of workers unemployed.

The injuries and fatalities relating to the incidents also showed dismal numbers. Hiding the fact that the affected individual can never leave a normal life because of the injuries sustained or the lost of love ones. For the victims, the variance does not matter, they still and would be missing a loved one they lost, or the normal life they have once live.

The statistics does not lie, but it hides the fact that these kinds of incidents do not only contribute to the significance of the damages done, but more than that, to the destruction of the lives of our country men as a whole; notwithstanding the hardship they are already undergoing prior to it.

What can be done?

Also, a nationwide comparative fire statistics report for the month of February was also released by the Bureau in its effort to inform the people on the rate of increase/decrease of fire incidents in the country and further including the nature, fatality, and injuries sustained by various sectors of our society including the fire fighters themselves.

***source-BFP Investigation and Intelligence Division


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• Have an experienced electrician or electrical engineer inspects your electrical wiring periodically.

Don’t• Do not use “octopus” wiring. Octopus wiring can

cause an overload in the electrical system. Too many extension wires could lead to overloading and lead to fire.

• Do not allow children to have candles in their own rooms without an adult companion.

• Do not use jumper wires in lieu of fuse or circuit breakers.

• Do not use solid/stranded wire or tin foil “palara” in place of a fuse. Circuit breakers or safety fuse are placed to protect the electrical system of a household.

• Do not delay your electrical maintenance. A small spark could spell the big difference in your future.

Electrical Safety

Lighting• Use the correct light bulbs with the appropriate rating

in all lamps or lighting fixtures.

• Use only light bulbs with ICC and PS mark.

Electrical Wiring• Electrical outlet in the bathroom should have a Ground

Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI.) This is a tool that protects you from electrical shock when water and electricity come together. An electrician can install a GFCI for you.

• All electrical outlets and switches should be covered by “faceplates”.

• All electrical cords should adequate in size and in good condition

• Don’t tie or knot cords.

• Don’t let place furniture or carpet sit on electrical cords.

Small Appliances• Use only product with Import Commodity Clearance

(ICC) or Philippine Standard (PS) marks on the label.

• Unplug appliances after using them.

• Keep appliances dry and away from sources of water when applicable.

• Consult a licensed electrical practitioner for any electrical concern.

With the above guidelines and the continuing education, the Institute believes that fire incidents can be lessened.

The NumbersAll these figures, the facts associated with it, the

deaths, backslash in our economy, the wailing of the homeless, the tears of the jobless seeing their family being eaten by hunger, the words uttered in fears, tears, and hopelessness…are the real figures behind the number in flames.

A sound fire prevention campaign, the vigilance of all the concerned Government Institutions and NGOs, and the prudent decisions of our citizen are the keys to reduce these kinds of incidents.

Though we cannot completely eradicate fire incidents, the best we can do is to take pro-active actions to manage the numbers and prevent them from escalating by deescalating them. Every individual could lend a helping hand to the Bureau, maybe donate some equipment, and set up benefit events for the cause, or just simply….be careful.

FEATURE STORY

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March - June 2008 The Electrical Engineer �0

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GLOBAL WARMING & CLIMATE CHANGE:

THE REALITYPeople are now beginning to miss the

normal change of the weather, where one can go to the beach on summer and enjoy the drop of water during the rainy season. Now, a person has to guess if he will schedule his next summer outing during summer or rainy season; this is due to the sudden change in the weather which usually catches many people by surprise.

Global warming and climate change refer to an increase in average global temperature cause mainly by natural and human phenomenon. The increase emission of Carbon Dioxide (CO

2) by the

industrialized countries contributes to the greenhouse gases that now revolve around the earth’s atmosphere. This also, in turn, contributes to the now commonly called Green House Effect.

THE GREENHOUSE EFFECTGases which are considered to be contributing to

global climate change are as follows: Carbon Dioxide (CO

2); Methane (CH

4) (which scientist says is 20 times

as potent a greenhouse gas as carbon dioxide); Nitrous Oxide (N

2O); plus the three fluorinated industrial gases:

Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); and Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF

6); Water Vapor is also

considered a greenhouse gas.

These gases partially block the sun’s energy which drives the earth’s weather and climate, and heats the earth’s surface. In turn, the earth fails to radiates back the energy that was able to penetrate the earth’s atmosphere back into space. This is when some atmospheric gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy. Thus retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse; these gases are hence referred to as greenhouse gases. The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature on Earth as certain gases in the atmosphere trap the heat energy of the sun.

Though some of these greenhouse gases are actually life-enabling if the heat would escape back into space

the Earth’s average temperature would be a lot cooler. However the abundance of these gases in our atmosphere strengthens the greenhouse effect thus trapping more heat than needed. This effect can make our planet less livable for humans, plants, and animals.

Studies conducted by scientists and researchers revealed that the five warmest years on record are as follows: 2004, 2003, 2002, 1998, and 2005 being the warmest and 2004 being the least warmest according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 1990’s was the warmest decade ever recorded and 1900’s is the warmest century during the last 1,000 years.

The warming of the climate, most scientists believed, will result to extreme weather changes/pattern. Their predictions are now manifesting in every region of the earth; stronger hurricanes and drought are now being experience, and dry spell is now a common occurrence.

Studies conducted pointed out that Northern Europe could be severely affected with colder weather if climate change continues. The artic region is now beginning to show signs of degradation and send fresher water further south. This would cut off the Gulf Stream that brings warmth from the Gulf of Mexico, making countries such as Britain warmer than usual. The glaciers in Himalayans in South Asia could retreat, causing water scarcity in the long run.

Environmentalists have been issuing warning about the possible extreme weather conditions for the years to come. The WMO announced in July 2003 that “Recent Scientific Assessments” indicate that, as the global temperatures continues to warm; the number and intensity of extreme events might increase.

It is also noteworthy to observe that extreme weather events occurred every year somewhere in the globe and the number continues to increase.

OUR CONTRIBUTION TO THE EVENTSHuman activities are being called the anthropogenic

factors. These activities change the environment and further influence climate change. The casualty is sometimes direct and unambiguous while in others it is less clear. Studies, hypothesis, and debates were made during the past years on the anthropogenic factors.

BEHINDTHE TRUTH


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FEATURE STORY

the existing ecological system; thus, creating confusion among other species which could lead to territorial fights. This kind of situation could lead to the destruction of biodiversity and might result to the extinction of animals and plant species.

WHAT CAN BE DONE: POLITICALLY….The challenge regarding climate change at this point in

time is an arduous task for all concerned. The prevention of the further degradation of our environment and natural eco-systems now falls into the hands of all concerned.

As scientific debates moved from a mere skepticism to founded facts, the truth regarding scientific consensus on climate change has developed and concluded that human activities are, beyond reasonable doubt, the main reasons for the rapid change in the world’s climate.

Factors cited by environmentalists and scientists are the increase in the CO

2 level due to the use of fossil

fuel (combustion), and used of aerosols containing CFCs (particulate matter in the atmosphere). Other cause alluded to are also as follows: land use, ozone depletion, animal agriculture, and deforestation.

EFFECT, NOT TO US…Since the beginning, extinction of animal species closely

relates to climate change. Theories on the extinction of the biggest animal that ever lived are also associated with climate change. Though theorist speculated that the main cause of their extinction is because of the meteor impact, further analyses and study of this theory is also linked to climate change.

Species of wild plants and animals are closely connected to the change of season. Synchronization of interdependent pairs of species maybe lost due to climate change. This could lead to the extinction or changes in the distribution and abundance of species. Another possibility is that species would migrate to other land in search of food or habitable place. This could lead to imbalance of

The political arena is now crowded with bills aiming to lessen the use of the above-mentioned toxic gases. Also, steps are now being taken by government, political organizations, world organizations, and non-government organization to curve the increase in usage of non-renewable energy sources and to look for alternative power sources.

The Kyoto Summit sets out a binding protocol for reducing carbon emissions. Countries in the European Unions pledge to reduce carbon emission by 12.5% by the year 2012. Moreover, while the protocol is binding, it is not compulsory even though a large number of countries participated.

In the Philippines, our country along with 39 Asian and European leaders adopted the ASEM6 Declaration on Climate Change. The Declaration was made during the 6th

Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) at the Helsinki Fair Center. The Declaration is a show of support and commitment to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.

The adoption of the Declaration by the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plus the neighboring countries like Japan, China, and South Korea, along with the European Union, view these effects of climate change as a “serious threat to sustainable development to the future of the planet”. Also, ASEM expresses its commitment “to act with resoluteness and urgency to meet interrelated multiple goals of addressing climate change, reducing air pollution and improving the global environment while contributing to sustainable development and synergies with energy policy goals.”

AS AN INDIVIDUAL…We can start by reducing, if not totally eradicate, our

personal emission of CO2. If you have a car, use only

unleaded gasoline and also to have your car cleaned and checked by a professional mechanic to avoid not only damage to your vehicle, but also to prevent the congestion of harmful materials into your vehicle thus

The Kyoto Summit, although compulsory, aims to minimize, if not totally eradicate, CO

2 emission


March - June 2008 The Electrical Engineer ��

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If the above-mentioned practices will be applied here in the Philippines, the effect of which could be immediately felt.

For the year 2005-2007, our country now has 5,530,052 registered motor vehicles according to LTO. If all these vehicles, for one day, will reduce their driving distances, you could just imagine the decline in carbon emission.

On the other hand, our country is now home to 88.57 Million Filipinos (Based on NCSO data-as of August 2007) and is projected to reach 90.46 Million by the end of the year. Though some of them do not have access to electricity, we can safely assume that at least 80-90% of them are consumer of electricity. If all of them would routinely perform all the energy saving tips being disseminated by various organizations, this could make our country one of the cleanest countries in the world.

There are thousands of ways on how an individual can participate in this battle against climate change, but there is only one way to initiate, and we have taken that, by being AWARE.

reducing the emission of hazardous elements into the atmosphere.

Studies conducted in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area in Finland shows that if every citizen in the area conforms to the following guidelines, 10% of the total emission of CO

2

will be reduced:

• Keep room temperature at 21 degrees Celsius, especially during the coldest part of the day or year.

• Reduce driving distances (in terms of kilometers) by 20% through walking, cycling and using public transport.

• Replace with regular light bulbs with energy efficient bulbs.

• Use power-saving setting on one’s computer at home and work.

• Shut down all idle electrical equipment and switch off the lights of vacant rooms.

• Take advantage of equipment standby mode where applicable.

If we could only lessen our need for fossil fuel and other non-renewable energy sources, our children could have a cleaner and greener eath to live in

Spotlight:

R

Conference and Exhibition21 - 23 October 2008KLCC Convention CentreKuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Malaysia is at the heart of a region investing over US$50 billion in the construction of facilities and infrastructure, in order to meet the growing demand for power and offering a wealth of opportunities.

Throughout South East Asia, POWER-GEN Asia has established itself as the premier conference and exhibition, for the power generation, transmission and distribution industries and combines top international speakers, leading industry players and outstanding companies from the region and beyond.

Conference programme includes:Strategy & Business - Regional & Country UpdatesCleaner & Greener - Environmental Protection StrategiesCombustion & Generation – Technology UpdatesOperation & Optimization - Operating Issues & ExperiencesRegional Fuel Developments - Implications for the Power Sector

To register or for further information on the POWER-GEN Asia conference and exhibition visit www.powergenasia.com or email [email protected]

POWER-GEN Asia delivers exciting business and networking opportunities and aims to encourage information sharing, at an all engaging experience.

Register on-line at www.powergenasia.com

www.powergenasia.com

developing the asian market through an optimal energy mix

Owned and produced by:R

Flagship Media Sponsors:

Regional Media Supporter:

Supporting Organisations:

YOUR OPPORTUNITYTO WIN A BRAND NEW LAPTOPFor details visit www.powergenasia.com

1368_PGA_IIEE_AD_A4.indd 1 28/7/08 11:10:44

The Challenge on: GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERSas presented by:

Engr. Jose B. Cruz, Jr. of The Ohio State University, USA

During the Closing Ceremonies of the 4th National Capital Region (NCR) Conference, guest of honor and speaker Engr. Jose B. Cruz, Distinguished Professor of Engineering of The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, imparted his insights on the global developments in engineering education.

He posed a challenge to IIEE concerning the advent of global competition and our response to it.

Below is an executive summary of his speech.

Engr. Jose B. Cruz, Jr. cited the desirability for the Filipino Engineers to be included in the International Registry of Professional Engineers (IRPE). However, for this dream to be realized, Filipino Engineers should satisfy first the requirements of IRPE and should have graduated from engineering programs recognized by the Washington Accord.

The Washington Accord is a Mutual Recognition Agreement authored by engineering education accreditation agencies representing a dozen countries, including Japan, Singapore, and Malaysia. The Agreement states that programs accredited by the participating countries are substantially equivalent. Graduates of accredited programs in any of the signatory countries are recognized by the other signatory countries as having met the academic requirements for entry to the practice of engineering.

The Philippines intends to join the Accord to enable its engineers to compete in the global community.

The Washington Accord requires a country to have a single independent accreditation agency to represent that country. Hence, it was proposed that our country establish a Philippine Accreditation Commission for Engineering (PACE) to join this Accord. Engr. Cruz is assisting in establishing PACE.

PACE should be comprised of professional engineering societies from APOs, such as the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc., and be independent of schools, colleges, and universities. PACE will develop criteria reflecting the needs of the profession. For example, the criteria for accreditation would focus on outcomes or results (“what is learned” not “what is taught”), teamwork, and effective communication skills. Meanwhile, existing agencies could serve as contractors for PACE to implement the latter’s criteria using expanded accreditation teams to include practicing engineers.

Given this opportunity, the challenge is now tossed to IIEE to take a pro-active role in influencing the re-direction of electrical engineering education by responding to the call for leadership in PACE, and for IIEE members to volunteer to be part of the accreditation teams to insure that the electrical engineering programs are industrially relevant. In this way, we can help insure that Filipino Electrical Engineers would be globally competitive and comparable with the best.

FEATURE STORY


iiee


Spotlight:

R

Conference and Exhibition21 - 23 October 2008KLCC Convention CentreKuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Malaysia is at the heart of a region investing over US$50 billion in the construction of facilities and infrastructure, in order to meet the growing demand for power and offering a wealth of opportunities.

Throughout South East Asia, POWER-GEN Asia has established itself as the premier conference and exhibition, for the power generation, transmission and distribution industries and combines top international speakers, leading industry players and outstanding companies from the region and beyond.

Conference programme includes:Strategy & Business - Regional & Country UpdatesCleaner & Greener - Environmental Protection StrategiesCombustion & Generation – Technology UpdatesOperation & Optimization - Operating Issues & ExperiencesRegional Fuel Developments - Implications for the Power Sector

To register or for further information on the POWER-GEN Asia conference and exhibition visit www.powergenasia.com or email [email protected]

POWER-GEN Asia delivers exciting business and networking opportunities and aims to encourage information sharing, at an all engaging experience.

Register on-line at www.powergenasia.com

www.powergenasia.com

developing the asian market through an optimal energy mix

Owned and produced by:R

Flagship Media Sponsors:

Regional Media Supporter:

Supporting Organisations:


1368_PGA_IIEE_AD_A4.indd 1 28/7/08 11:10:44

The Challenge on: GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERSas presented by:

Engr. Jose B. Cruz, Jr. of The Ohio State University, USA



iieeADVERTORIAL

The power generaTion, Transmission and disTribuTion indusTries To converge on power-gen asia

POWER-GEN Asia, the premier conference and exhibition for the power generation and transmission and distribution industries, is returning to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia for what will be an outstanding event bringing together many of the leading players, executives and professionals.

With full support and endorsement from the leading

industry related organizations in Malaysia, including

the Ministry of Energy, Water & Communications

(KTAK), Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), Suruhanjaya

Tenaga (The Energy Commission), Pusat Tenaga

Malaysia (Ptm), Sarawak Energy and The Electrical

& Electronics Association of Malaysia (TEEAM), the

event is also supported by Tourism Malaysia.

POWER-GEN Asia continues to push the

boundaries in conference content and once again

offers a leading line up of conference speakers,

from around the world, discussing important topics

and issues that are key to the power generation

and transmission & distribution industries across

the ASEAN region.

Recently announcing the preliminary pro-

gramme, POWER-GEN Asia is proving its credentials

as the region’s leading power industry conference,

with an excellent high quality line up of speakers.

Developing the Asian Market Through An Optimal Energy MixFollowing this years conference theme, which

looks at the regional nature of the possible

solutions to the demand for power, a diverse range

of topics will be discussed by an equally broad

range of international speakers, from traditional

fossil fuel technology to the developments in green

and renewable power generation.

With an opening keynote session that includes

invited speakers Dato’ Shaziman Bin Abu Mansor,

Minister of Energy, Water & Communications,

Malaysia; James Suciu, President Global Sales and

Marketing, GE Energy, USA and Mark Woodruff,

Executive VP and President, Asia & Middle East,

AES Corporation, Singapore, the conference

programme will also see two Plenary Sessions dis-

cussing ‘Regional Fuel Developments - Implications

for the Power Sector’ chaired by Norman Kegler,

Advisory Council Convener Co-Chair of the

Hong Kong-based Independent Power Producers

Forum, and ‘Acquisition & Investments’ chaired

by Daniel Liew, Managing Partner, Asia, Dewey &

LeBoeuf LLP.

Over 75 presentations will take place at

POWER-GEN Asia during the three-day

conference, being hosted at the state-of-the-art

KLCC Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur. Full details

of the Conference Programme can be found by

visiting www.powergenasia.com.

Conference Director, Nigel Blackaby, said,

“We are excited by the quality of this years

conference programme. The strategic and technical

content provides great information and educational

opportunities for all power industry executives

to observe, learn and update their skills and

knowledge of emerging technologies and key

topics that will affect the future of the region’s power

generation industry.”

“This year’s programme offers a great range

of speakers, from across the industry and around

Conference and Exhibition21 - 23 October 2008

KLCC Convention CentreKuala Lumpur, Malaysiawww.powergenasia.com

1414_PGA08_IIEE_advertorial.indd 2 31/7/08 16:09:46


iiee


ADVERTORIAL

the world, sharing their

experiences and skills and we are

also delighted that presentations

will also be made by some of

the key industry policy makers

and establishments, such as Suruhanjaya Tenaga

(Energy Commission) and Pusat Tenaga Malaysia,

which will provide great interest to the industry,”

continued Mr. Blackaby.

Win a Laptop Prize DrawPOWER-GEN Asia 2008 will also offer the

opportunity to win a Siemens Laptop Computer.

Full Conference Delegates will be eligible to enter a

Prize Draw for the laptop, with the draw being held

at the event on 23rd October. Further details can

be found on www.powergenasia.com.

Technical Tour – Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power StationSituated along the western coastline of the

central region of Peninsular Malaysia is the Sultan

Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station (SSAAPS),

named after the former late ruler of the state of

Selangor.

SSAAPS, the subsidiary of Tenaga Nasional

Berhad (TNB) boasts a total plant capacity of

2,420MW, the largest power plant in Malaysia.

The plant’s strategic location belies its importance

in ensuring adequate and reliable power supply to

the load centre of the nation

SSAAPS has held many firsts along its

development. It currently is the largest power plant

in the country. It is the first modern coal fired

power plant in Malaysia, and in being so, it became

the first plant to utilise mission control equipment

such as the ESP in the country back in the 80s.

Before the advent of the larger 700MW units in

Malaysia, SAAPS held the record for operating

the largest generating unit in the country i.e. the

300MW and 500MW units.

This years POWER-GEN Asia Technical

Plant Tour will enable limited numbers of the

conference delegates to visit the plant offering an

interesting insight into a major power plant

in Malaysia. Further details and to register

visit www.powergenasia.com.

POWER-GEN Asia ExhibitionThe POWER-GEN Asia exhibition also offers a

valuable insight into the new developments and

technologies available in the market and has seen

this year’s exhibition grow to its largest since the

event began 16 years ago.

Event Director, Glenn Ensor, said, “The

sustained growth of POWER-GEN Asia is

important in maintaining the on-going support of

organisations such as the Ministry of Energy, Water

& Communications, Tenaga Nasional Berhad and

the Energy Commission. We are delighted with

their endorsement, and indeed the on-going

support of existing exhibitors, whilst welcoming new

companies who will experience the

benefits and opportunities of being involved with

POWER-GEN Asia.”

With the likelihood of over 125 exhibitors from

around the world and over 5000 expected visitors

from over 50 countries, POWER-GEN Asia has

become the most important annual meeting place

for international power executives with interests in

the ASEAN region.

POWER-GEN Asia provides the platform for

international power executives to meet under one

roof and receive vital information first hand. The

event offers a unique forum to meet the region’s

power needs by putting them face-to-face with

key decision makers and provide the best possible

opportunity to share ideas, meet new contacts and

build business relationships.

For further information on POWER-GEN Asia

Conference & Exhibition 2008 and to register

online, visit www.powergenasia.com.


1414_PGA08_IIEE_advertorial.indd 3 31/7/08 16:09:48



iiee INDUSTRY NEWS

The National Transmission Corporation (TransCo) delivered a total of 110,234.3 MegaWatt-months of power to the country’s major electricity grids in 2007 – a 7.6% increase over the year-ago level of 102,454.1 MW-months.

Power delivery, measured in MW-months, refers to the sum of TransCo’s monthly billing demands (12 months rolling average) for 2007. TransCo President and CEO Arthur N. Aguilar said the recorded power delivery level in 2007 exceeded projections by 3.6%. He attributed this to the increase in power requirements coming from the franchise area of TransCo’s largest customer Manila Electric Co. (Meralco), the additional power requirements from other large utility customers and the entry of new customers.

“To ensure that customers’ power delivery demands are met, we continue to upgrade and expand our transmission facilities and implement the best practices in operation and maintenance,” Aguilar said.

TransCo’s Corporate Planning Group reported that power transmitted to the Luzon grid reached 82,404.8 MW-months, a notable 8.1% growth from the 2006 level of 76,265.3 MW-months. Delivery to the Visayas and Mindanao grids likewise went up by 7.9% and 5.0%, respectively.

In the Luzon grid, the demand for power delivery service in the Meralco franchise area, which accounts for 74.0% of the Luzon delivery, increased by 6,210.9 MW-months or 11.3% when compared with the 2006 level.

For this period, 61.8% of Meralco’s billed demand came from the National Power Corporation (NPC) and its independent power producers (IPPs) while the remaining 38.2% was supplied by the three Meralco IPPs.

The NPC-generated power wheeled by TransCo to Meralco went up by 17.1% or by 5,501.4 MW-months compared with the 2006 level. Portion of the increase was attributed to the increase in power supply coming from the NPC power plants which are augmenting the supply of one of Meralco’s IPPs that stopped operations in August 2006.

Power delivery service in Luzon outside Meralco’s franchise area went up by less than one percent in 2007. In the case of Distribution Utilities (DUs), while North Luzon DUs posted positive growths, their counterparts in South Luzon decreased their power consumption. Because of

a series of typhoons that hit South Luzon and disrupted power supply to customers in the latter part of 2006, power delivery to DUs was almost flat, registering a total increase of only 1.2%, or just 218.6 MW-months from the 2006 level of 17,809.5 MW-months.

On the other hand, power delivery service requirements of public and private economic zone customers reached 2,013.2 MW-months in 2007, a slight 1.3% decrease from the 2006 level of 2,040.3 MW-months.

The increase in the operations of Subic Enerzone Corp. and Baguio City Economic Zone and their corresponding power delivery growths of 11.5% and 9.8% respectively helped offset the lost portion of TransCo’s delivery to another customer which started to draw power from a supplier off the grid in August 2006.

For non-utility customers, power delivery went up by less than one percent from the 2006 level of 3,106.1 MW-months due to the lower power demands from TransCo’s major customers in the steel and chemical manufacturing industries.

In the Visayas grid, power delivery climbed to 12,139.4 MW-months in 2007, up by 7.9% over the year-ago level of 11,247.5 MW-months.

Notable increases in the consumption of DUs namely, Visayan Electric Company (VECO), Panay Electric Company (PECO), and Central Negros Electric Cooperative (CENECO) contributed greatly to the overall growth of demand in the grid. The power requirements of PECO increased by 106.4 MW-months, VECO by 349.3 MW-months and CENECO by 71.4 MW-months in 2007 over the 2006 levels. The increase in the demands of Mactan Electric Company (MECO), Negros Oriental II Electric Cooperative (NORECO II), and Aklan Electric Cooperative (AKELCO) also helped boost power delivery to DUs in 2007.

Likewise, power delivery to industrial customers in the Visayas, particularly steel and mining corporations, increased by 1.2% compared with the 2006 level. In the Mindanao grid, power delivery rose 5.0% from the 2006 level of 14,941.3 MW-months to the 2007 level of 15,690.1 MW-months due mainly to the increase in the demands of customers from steel manufacturing and chemical industries.

**www.transco.ph

Post 7.6% Increasein Power DeliveryService in 2007TransCo


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INDUSTRY NEWS

ELECTRICITY VIA TOUThe Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) paved

the way to lower electricity rates with the offering of National Power Corporation’s (NPC) Time of Use (TOU) rates to qualified customers as ERC Resolution No. 1, Series of 2008, entitled “Resolution Adopting the Rules to Govern the Implementation of the TOU Retail Rates for Distribution Utilities (DUs) Sourcing 100% of their Power Requirements from the National Power Corporation (NPC) and/or Independent Power Producers (IPPs) with Authorized Rates Pegged at NPC’s Rate”, took effect on 01 February 2008.

The TOU rates pertain to the cost of power billed based on hourly generation rates. The TOU concept, which helps even out electricity demand during peak and off-peak period and rainy/dry seasons seek an efficient use of generation resources. Lower rates will be enjoyed by electricity consumers who are able to shift their demand from the peak period to the off-peak period.

In the said Resolution, the ERC directed DUs to offer to their customers the NPC TOU rates on a voluntary basis. Customers availing of the TOU program will be installed a special electric meter, at the customer’s cost, to enable the DU to bill on a time-sensitive system. The ERC also instructed the DUs to conduct: (1) consumer education programs to describe the benefits of the TOU rates; and (2) consumer orientations to explain the nature and the provisions of the TOU contract.

In a related development, the ERC is poised to issue a separate set of rules for DUs, like MERALCO, that have other power sources apart from NPC. The customers of MERALCO and DUs similarly situated will thereafter enjoy the benefit of TOU rates.

“The ERC is continually seeking for ways to reduce electricity rates charged to end-users to keep up with its mission of promoting and protecting the long-term consumer interests in terms of a sustainable supply of reasonably-priced quality electricity to help the country move towards a brighter future,” ERC said

**www.erc.gov.ph

ERCPAVES THE WAY TO LOWER The Energy Regulatory Commission clarified that

MERALCO has no pending motion on any of the five building blocks that comprise the annual revenue requirements under Performance Based Regulation (PBR). The ERC also pointed out that MERALCO’s pending application only concerns the translation of the ERC-approved price level under such PBR application into tariffs for MERALCO’s various customer segments.

It will be recalled that the ERC earlier approved with finality MERALCO’s annual revenue requirements and Maximum Average Prices (MAP) for the second regulatory period covering the period July 2007 to June 2011. PBR is an internationally-accepted rate-making methodology incorporating a system of incentives and penalties to improve the electric and customer service performance of electric utilities. ERC is implementing PBR pursuant to its authority under the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA).

PBR was first implemented for the National Transmission Corporation (TRANSCO) under the Transmission Wheeling Rate Guidelines (TWRG), then for private distribution utilities (DUs) under the Rules for Setting Distribution Wheeling Rates for Privately-Owned Distribution Utilities (RDWR). Both rules underwent public consultation and scrutiny by the general public and industry stakeholders prior to promulgation and adhered strictly to internationally-accepted rate-making principles.

The ERC sees no legal impediment to the implementation of the RDWR. “The review of the inclusion of the Corporate Income Tax among the building blocks will not happen at this time. The RDWR is valid and we are intent in implementing it for MERALCO and for all other private DUs,” according to an ERC official.

**www.erc.gov.ph

ERC Clarifies Reported Review of MERALCO’s PBRApplication

Right-handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left-handed people.

DID YOU KNOW



iiee INDUSTRY NEWS

The Department of Energy (DOE), the Philippine National Oil Company– Energy Development Corp. (PNOC-EDC) and the Puerto Princesa City (PPC) government is jointly undertaking a geothermal resource assessment of the Sta. Lucia-Iwahig and Sta. Lourdes-Tagburos hot spring areas.

The project is part of the memorandum of agreement (MOA) signed by former Energy Secretary Raphael Lotilla, President and CEO of PNOC-EDC Paul Aquino and Puerto Princesa City Mayor Edward Hagedorn in 2006. The MOA is a technical cooperation agreement to assess the feasibility of both areas for spa resort development and to assess the geothermal resource potential of both areas for possible small-scale power and non-power applications.

Under the MOA, the DOE will provide the technical personnel and equipment for the survey and PNOC-EDC will provide available data and act as technical consultant to the DOE. The PPC will provide the funds for the survey. The Sta. Lucia-Iwahig and Sta. Lourdes-Tagburos hot spring areas have been previously investigated by the DOE and the Department of Tourism and have been selected as promising sites for health tourism.

As for small-scale power, initial findings were noted to be acceptable for further processing. Recent technological breakthroughs may allow power generation from low to intermediate temperature geothermal resources. A geochemical survey of both areas was conducted last September 2007. The geophysical survey of both sites will be completed by April 2008. An integrated geochemical and geophysical report will be prepared upon completion of the survey.

**www.doe.gov.ph

DOE, PNOC-EDC and Puerto Princesa Government to Assess Hot Spring Areas for Health Tourism and Small-Scale Power Application

Energy Secretary Angelo T. Reyes turned over a P21.9M loan to the Benguet Electric Cooperative, Inc. (BENECO) in February 20 in Baguio City. The loan was made possible through internally generated funds of the National Electrification Administration (NEA), an attached agency of the Department of Energy mandated to attain total electrification through electric cooperatives.

In his statement during the ceremony, Reyes expressed that he was “very proud of the achievements that BENECO has garnered in its existence as an electric cooperative. For instance, it has energized 99% of its barangays and it has significantly reduced its systems loss to 12.19% from 29.21% in 1990. Its collection efficiency now stands at 104%, demonstrating not only their efficiency in obtaining payments from customers but also in guaranteeing that written-off debts are paid.”

“Baguio, the summer capital of the Philippines, and the entire province of Benguet, is a tourist destination frequented by foreigners and Filipinos alike. It is important that we secure the energy of this province to support the industries that thrive here such as the tourism, flower and vegetable industries,” Reyes added.

TO BENECO FOR SITIO ENERGIZATIONREYES TURN OVER P21.9M LOAN

BENECO holds the distinction of being the first electric cooperative to initiate and fund sitio energization through loans. The loan is the second installment of a P100M loan package awarded to BENECO. The loan will benefit 134 sitios in Benguet, brining in additional 3,048 connections with 23 average potential consumers per sitio. The energization of the sitios is the cooperative’s response to their growing number of customers.

Apart from serving the rural areas of Benguet, BENECO also serves the power needs of Baguio City.

The project will increase the cooperative’s kilowatt hour sales, estimated at 731,520 or P6.215M in revenue sales per annum. The cooperative expects to complete the project by 2009. Currently, BENECO’s average power rate per kilowatt hour is P5.67, lower than other private investor-owned utilities including MERALCO.

“We need to support our local electric cooperatives to accomplish what we have set out to do,” Reyes said as he handed over the check to the President of BENECO’s Board of Directors Atty. Benny Bomogao.

Also present during the ceremony were Administrator Edita Bueno of NEA, Governor Nestor Fongwan of Benguet Province, Vice President of the Board Ferdy Bayasen, and General Manager Gerardo Verzosa.

**www.doe.gov.ph


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INDUSTRY NEWS

REYES TURN OVER P21.9M LOAN

The Department of Energy (DOE), in cooperation with the Philippine National Oil Company (PNOC) and Shell Philippines, recently inaugurated a refilling activity of a compressed natural gas (CNG) sedan at Shell’s CNG Station in Mamplasan, Biñan in Laguna.

The activity formed part of the government’s efforts to promote the use of alternative fuels to achieve energy self-sufficiency and lessen the country’s dependence on oil imports.

Energy Secretary Angelo T. Reyes has challenged local entrepreneurs and scientists to join hands with government and the academe to explore and develop the country’s vast renewable energy sources. This will not only serve as a step towards achieving energy security but it will also address the issue of climate change, Reyes added. The refilling activity of the three CNG gas cylinders of the vehicle was supervised by Shell’s CNG Project Manager Dir. Rey Liganor and the project’s consultant Engr. Patrick Lopez.

DOE CNG Project Boosts Governments Alternative Fuels ProgramThey said that on a full tank worth at only P340.00, a

CNG-run vehicle can travel about 320 km. Prior to the run, the car’s engine and cylinders made of aluminum rapped with resin plastics ware examined.

Energy Undersecretary Ramon Santos, who heads the CNG Project, said that the activity also aimed to provide test results for the formulation of safety standards and policy regulation that need to be developed for the CNG industry and for the conversion to CNG-fuelled engines. Usec. Santos added that they will pursue the recommendation of Secretary Angelo T. Reyes to put up petroleum engineering courses in local universities, to be initially set up at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines, as one of the steps in developing the alternative fuels sector in the country.

**www.doe.gov.ph

The Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) stressed its regulatory authority in the granting of Certificates of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) to utilities engaged in the transmission or distribution of electricity in the country. This statement was made to clarify doubts by some quarters over the authority of the ERC to issue CPCNs.

The ERC promulgated the Rules to Govern the Issuance of Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) to Entities Engaged in the Transmission and Distribution of Electricity on 12 March 2008 to guide applicants and grantees in the orderly filing and renewal of CPCNs.

“Section 43 (p) of the EPIRA clearly mandates the ERC to act on applications for or modifications of certificates of public convenience and/or necessity, licenses or permits of franchised electric utilities in accordance with law and revoke, review and modify such certificates, licenses or permits in appropriate cases, such as in cases of violations of the Grid Code, Distribution Code and other rules and regulations issued by the ERC in accordance with law,” ERC Chairman Rodolfo B. Albano, Jr. emphasized.

The ERC Chief explained that the EPIRA defines a distribution utility (DU) in a collective manner in Section 4 (q) as any electric cooperative (EC), private corporation,

ERC Stresses EPIRA Mandate to Issue CPCNgovernment-owned utility or existing local government unit which has an exclusive franchise to operate a distribution system in accordance with the Act.

“It is hoped that the ECs and other concerned parties have been enlightened on the ERC’s duty to issue a CPCN to a transmission or distribution utility. The ERC looks forward to a mutually beneficial cooperation system in the attainment of the reforms envisioned for the electric power industry,” ERC concluded.

**www.erc.gov.ph

The Electrical Engineer welcomes comments and

suggestions.

Please email us through:

[email protected]@iiee.org.ph

[email protected]



iiee Member’s Portion: Q&A

Dear Sir,

Greetings!First of All, I would like to thank you in advance for

your patience and kind attention to answer some important questions for me and my colleagues.

My Name is Dave Dumbrique and I am an RME my license no. is 21566, I am also an Intake Operator for CE Casecnan Water & Energy Co. I decided to contact your office (The IIEE Technical Department) in order to seek assistance in clarifying 3 provisions of Article 4.50 (TRANSFORMERS AND TRANSFORMER VAULTS) which I am trying to enforce in order to correct some of our existing 480/230 system. I also firmly believe that the answers coming from you the code authors will be a significant detail that will convince my superiors to agree with my arguments.

In order for you to get an idea of the existing system, I have included various pictures with their respective Tags for your ease in distinguishing the subject Transformer and the subject panel. On Page 32 is another transformer (T07) for your comment.

Please tell me if this transformer also falls in the category regulated by Art. 4.50. I will give you a background on this transformer later on the same page.

Meanwhile, let us proceed to the main subject matter.

The main subject of my query focuses on the consistency and acceptability of our transformer’s (subject transformer) present location relative to the latest electrical code provisions governing transformer confinement.

Please look at the picture of our transformer (see pic.T01 on pp.3) it is a 480/230, 50 kVA, 3Ø, dry-type transformer with an insulation class F, it serves as a power transformer supplying a 480-230 distribution panel (subject panel); this panel was supplied by our foreign contractor specifically from Italy with the transformer already inside the panel. Now, I would like to stress the fact that from the picture the subject transformer is installed inside the subject panel along with its electrical wirings and terminal shield; consequently, when the panel is fully enclosed (see pic.T02 on pp.3) during normal operation, the transformer becomes totally housed within the panel, blocking off much needed cool air to freely circulate and ventilate the transformer, thus, negating the very concept of ventilation

despite the fact that the room is air-conditioned. This condition also deprives the transformer of much needed cooling in order to operate safely and efficiently. In addition, if you will look at pictures T0’s 4, 5 & 6 on pp.5 you can also safely conclude that there is no fire resistant material whatsoever or even a metallic partition present, to at least separate the transformer and provide adequate protection to its neighboring parts and components sharing the same enclosure in case of an electrical incident.

Because of this present condition I decided to submit a suggestion to our company, recommending that a separate enclosure sized according to the transformers physical dimensions be provided, in order to not only address some safety issues but also, to comply with the latest existing electrical codes which regulates transformer confinement.

In addition, to further strengthen my arguments, I sighted 3 provisions of Art 4.50 as my basis to reinforce my claims that as per the PEC, a transformer must be installed and housed in a separate enclosure or location due to safety, operational and design issues relative to the fact among others,

That the subject electrical panel is not a proper location for a transformer to be installed because it is so designed to be fully enclosed to avoid intrusions and/or contaminations, hence it provides no sufficient ventilation much needed by the transformer during operation.

That the subject electrical panel has no built-in fire resistant material to contain the fire within the premises of the transformer to avoid damaging the entire panel.

That the subject electrical panel is solely intended and designed to be a safe and convenient way to distribute power among its consumers.

That the present set-up is simply not consistent with the provisions of Art. 4.50.

Finally, below are the article provisions of the Philippine Electrical Code 2000 edition which I sighted as my reference for the safe installation of the subject transformer. To have a final and accepted meaning, I would like you to interpret these provisions for us in order to establish an accepted fact and avoid a separate interpretation which usually leads to controversies as a result of only how the individual appreciates the facts and not its real meaning intended for its purpose. I would also highly appreciate it if you could also answer the questions below in order to quickly arrest

Member’s Portion:

ASK & BE ANSWEREDYOUR QUESTIONS MATTER


iiee


some issues that may arise from your interpretation; these questions are directly involved with the issue discussed above. For my own consumption, please tell me if I have sighted the correct provisions.

Art 450.9/Ventilation- The ventilation shall be adequate to dispose of the transformer full-load losses without creating a temperature rise that is in excess of the transformer rating.

Art 450.1.13 (B) /Hollow Spaces- Dry-type transformers 600 volts, nominal, or less not exceeding 50 KVA shall be permitted in hollow spaces of buildings not permanently closed in by structure, provided they meet the ventilation requirements of 450.9 and separation from combustible material requirements of 450.21(A). Transformers so installed shall not be required to be readily accessible.

Art 450.21 (A)/Dry-type transformers installed indoor not over 112.5kVA- Dry-type transformers installed indoors and rated 112.5 kVA or less shall have a separation of at least 305 mm (12 in) from combustible materials unless separated from the combustible material by a fire-resistant heat insulated barrier.

Please answer the ff: questions.

1. Is it permitted to install a transformer inside an electrical panel or cabinet intended for power distribution for small power and lighting?

2. Will simply installing a fire resistant material and an exhaust fan to the electrical panel be acceptable and remain consistent with Art. 4.50?

3. In your own professional opinion; do you find the transformer’s manner of confinement somehow unusual as practice here in the Philippines for its intended purpose?

4. Will you recommend installing a transformer inside an electrical panel/cabinet even if it has all the necessary requirements to operate it safely?

5. With the transformer inside the panel/cabinet. Can you say that both the transformer and the internal parts of the panel are safe in this present set-up?

6. Like a UPS and a battery Charger, Does an electrical panel/cabinet automatically arrive with a power transformer inside when you order one?

7. Does Art. 4.50 apply to a transformer inside a UPS, battery charger and transformers intended for control devices only? Or are they exempted from this provisions as per “exception no.2: Drytype transformers that constitute a component part of other apparatus and comply with the requirements of such apparatus.” Pp.645 of PEC 2000 edition? (Please provide a separate answer for each question. These questions are highly critical in my argument)

8. Do you think our local panel manufacturers would do the same thing?

9. Since there is no specific provision in the PEC which serves as a guideline in putting a transformer inside a panel or cabinet. Is it safe to conclude that it is not an

accepted practice here in the Philippines which warrants a code provision if it where otherwise allowed? (another highly critical question for the argument)

10. In your own professional opinion. Do you believe that the present set-up of the subject transformer a PEC violation? ( please answer just either yes or no for this question)

11. If your answer to question number 10 is yes. Do you think there are legal consequences on our part by not complying with the provisions stated in the PEC?

12. Will you personally recommend installing a separate enclosure in case you encounter the same set-up?

13. In Art 450.1.13 (B). What does “hollow spaces” mean?

Does it mean “any space location” whether in an electrical cabinet, separate enclosure or a separate room?

Pictures

T01 Subject Transformer inside the panel

T02 Subject Panel in normal operation. It is fully closed during normal operation.

Member’s Portion: Q&A

Pictures

T01 Subject Transformer inside the panel

T02 Subject Panel in normal operation. It is fully closed during normal operation.



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This Transformer provides power supply to the flush mounted panel just beside it whose circuit breakers are individually branched to feed control boxes which contains various control devices, cabinet heaters and dc motors. The control box is used to open and close our 230KV disconnect switches.

Base on the loads it serves, rating and manner of installation.

Can you tell me if this transformer can be described or categorized as a power /distribution transformer or rather a control transformer?

Is this transformer covered by Art. 4.50 based on how it is being utilized as described above?

T04 Left Internal View T05 Right Internal View T06 Internal Top View



The succeding pages contains the answer of the PEC 1 Committee in which all the responses are based on all the literature, studies, and technologies available in the Institute in the time of your query.

EE Magazine Task Force


Transformer T07

Transformer’s name plate rating.

This Transformer provides power supply to the flush mounted panel just beside it whose circuit breakers are individually branched to feed control boxes which contains various control devices, cabinet heaters and dc motors. The control box is used to open and close our 230KV disconnect switches. Base on the loads it serves, rating and manner of installation.

1. Can you tell me if this transformer can be described or categorized as a power /distribution transformer or rather a control transformer?

2. Is this transformer covered by Art. 4.50 based on how it is being utilized as described above?


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Sir,

We do not see anything wrong with the present location of the 50 kVA dry-type transformer within the switchboard, if two (2) conditions cited below are satisfied:

1. The transformer is located at least 300 mm from any combustible material [PEC1 2000 Section 4.50.2.2 (a)].2. The transformer is sufficiently ventilated so that its temperature rise does not exceed its rating when operating at full load [PEC1 2000 Section 4.50.1.9].

On condition 1, it appears from the picture there are no combustible materials adjacent to the transformer inside the switchboard. The wirings we see are most probably good for switchboard application – one characteristic of which is it must be of flame-retardant insulation.

On condition 2, which refers to ventilation, the amount of heat generated within the switchboard from all the electrical components operating inside – including the transformer – under normal conditions must have been calculated and tested to insure that the temperatures within the switchboard doesn’t exceed the rated maximum temperatures of the electrical components enclosed. This temperature must, of course, be co-related to an assumed (test) ambient temperature, which in this case is the room temperature. Should the actual room ambient temperature, at any time, exceeds the test temperature, then, corresponding solutions – such as the information given in the query that the room is air-conditioned - must be applied to insure that the entire switchboard and its contained electrical components are operating in an environment for which these have been tested.

Note: Ventilation here does not necessarily mean there should be ventilation openings on the switchboard enclosure. The volume of air space inside the enclosure and the amount of enclosure surface area can by themselves ventilate the enclosed space adequately by carrying off the generated heat to the room environment (through radiation and convection), maintaining temperatures within the maximum allowed by any of the electrical components inside.

It was mentioned that “…the panel was supplied by our foreign contractor specifically from Italy with the transformer already inside the panel.” Being so, chances are the switchboard (panel) has already been fabricated and assembled (and possibly tested, if type-testing for this equipment is not available) in accordance to established standards of the country of origin or even, ISO or European standards (reference to paragraph marked “7” under “Introduction” of PEC1 2000 – page 3).

A related question may come to mind on partition requirements to protect neighboring parts or components in case of an electrical fault on the transformer. Whether partitions are required depend on the equipment specifications given to the manufacturer at the time of placing the purchase order regarding the type of switchboard enclosure and the form of internal separation (refer to IEC 60439-1) needed. For example, a particular requirement may be for a “Form 3a” type of internal separation, which defines separating busbars from the functional units,

functional units, separating functional units from one another and separating terminals from functional units. However, this type of switchboard is definitely more expensive than the one shown in the pictures.

The above reply to the query at hand has an assumptive tone to it. This cannot be avoided as the relevant information cited in the assumptions are not provided in the query. Information required for definite answers (or confirmation to the answers given) can be found on equipment nameplate ratings and specifications sheets of the equipment supplier. In any event, the answers provided can serve as a guide in determining if the transformer meets PEC1 2000 requirements when all necessary information from the equipment supplier become available.

Answers to Itemized Questions1. Is it permitted to install a transformer inside an electrical panel or cabinet intended for power distribution for small power and lighting?

Answer: Before proceeding further, the distinction between an electrical panel and switchboard should be defined at this stage. An electrical panel (for small power and lighting) is an enclosed panelboard. A panelboard is subject to the specific Code requirements of Part 3.84.3 – Panelboards, while switchboards - enclosed or unenclosed - are covered in specifics by Part 3.84.2 – Switchboards. The term cabinet, on the other hand, is used loosely for both panelboard and switchboard enclosures. Electrical panels are normally small in dimensions – sometimes no bigger than a kitchen wall cabinet - and wall-mounted. Switchboards are different, being of substantial size (akin to clothes closets) and weight, making it necessary for these to be mounted on the floor. Here, the possibility of transformers being mounted within the switchboard-like enclosure is real.

Now, whether it is permitted to install a transformer inside an electrical panel or enclosed switchboard, the answer is no. However, in the case of switchboards, one should realize that an enclosed switchboard assembly can consist of one or more vertical sections. Each enclosed vertical section can be considered as its own switchboard - such as a vertical (switchboard) section for meter instruments and their auxiliary equipment or a circuit breaker vertical section or, in the case under discussion, a transformer switchboard-like vertical section – which also may contain the transformer’s instrumentation and protective devices, if any. (Note: The term “switchboard-like” is used to indicate that its appearance is like a switchboard. Technically, it is not a switchboard, but instead, an enclosure for the transformer made to look like a switchboard in order to match the adjacent switchboard vertical sections.) While it seems that the transformer section is in violation of the Code, it isn’t so, as its vertical

Response of theElectrical Code 1Philippine

Committee




iieesection is its own “switchboard”. However, since it is adjacent to other switchboard sections, the relevant provisions of Articles 2.40, 2.50, 3.73, 3.80 and other relevant articles, in addition to Articles 3.84 and 4.50 should be applied for safety reasons.

2. Will simply installing a fire resistant material and an exhaust fan to the electrical panel be acceptable and remain consistent with Art. 4.50?

Answer: Yes, assuming the reference of electrical panel is actually to an enclosed switchboard, the consistency with Article 4.50 can be maintained, provided there are no conflicts with other articles of the Code (such as articles on wiring in hazardous locations).

3. In your own professional opinion; do you find the transformer’s manner of confinement somehow unusual as practice here in the Philippines for its intended purpose?

Answer: No.

4. Will you recommend installing a transformer inside an electrical panel/cabinet even if it has all the necessary requirements to operate it safely?

Answer: Yes, as discussed in the answer to question number 1 above, and if the situation requires it – such as limited available space to install the electrical equipment.

5. With the transformer inside the panel/cabinet. Can you say that both the transformer and the internal parts of the panel are safe in this present set-up?

Answer: Please refer to above “Response to Query on 50 kVA Dry-type Transformer Location”.

6. Like a UPS and a battery Charger, Does an electrical panel/cabinet automatically arrive with a power transformer inside when you order one?

Answer: No. This has to be specified in the equipment order, to be sure it is done this way, and only as discussed in the answer to question number 1 above.

7. Does Art. 4.50 apply to a transformer inside a UPS, battery charger and transformers intended for control devices only? Or are they exempted from this provisions as per “exception no.2: Drytype transformers that constitute a component part of other apparatus and comply with the requirements of such apparatus.” page.645 of PEC 2000 edition? (Please provide a separate answer for each question. These questions are highly critical in my argument)

Answer: On the first question - No, Article 4.50 does not apply to the applications mentioned. These applications fall under Exceptions 2 and 4 of Section 4.50.1.1 of PEC1 2000, which says these are not subject to the requirements of Article 4.50.

On the second question - Yes, the cited applications are “exempted” from the requirements of Article 4.50, as stated in Exceptions 2 and 4 of Section 4.50.1.1.

8. Do you think our local panel manufacturers would do the same thing?

Answer: Yes, if required to do so, and again, only as discussed in the answer to question number 1 above.

9. Since there is no specific provision in the PEC which serves as a guideline in putting a transformer inside a panel or cabinet. Is it safe to conclude that it is not an accepted practice here in the Philippines which warrants a code provision if it where otherwise allowed? (another highly critical question for the argument)

Answer: Yes, the Code did not discuss the issue of transformer installations within electric panels and enclosed switchboards, and so, it does not recognize this type of installation. However, the answer to question number 1 above clarifies the query raised.

10. In your own professional opinion. Do you believe that the present set-up of the subject transformer a PEC violation? ( please answer just either yes or no for this question)

Answer: No.

11. If your answer to question number 10 is yes. Do you think there are legal consequences on our part by not complying with the provisions stated in the PEC?

Answer: Question is not applicable.

12. Will you personally recommend installing a separate enclosure in case you encounter the same set-up?

Answer: Yes. In fact, the setup shown is a separate enclosure for the transformer, made to look like a switchboard.

13. In Art 450.1.13 (B). What does “hollow spaces” mean? Does it mean “any space location” whether in an electrical cabinet, separate enclosure or a separate room?

Answer: Hollow spaces refer to spaces between walls and above (drop) ceilings in buildings.

Answers to Questions on 10 kVA Transformer (T07)

1. Can you tell me if this transformer can be described or categorized as a power /distribution transformer or rather a control transformer?

Answer: Since there are DC motors (operators) and cabinet heaters - aside from control devices - being served through this transformer, this transformer is not considered a control transformer. Control transformers normally supply power to purely control circuits – whether electro-mechanical or electronic types – and these transformers are designed to have good voltage regulation despite the large current in-rushes drawn by the control devices.

2. Is this transformer covered by Art. 4.50 based on how it is being utilized as described above? T04 Left Internal View T05 Right Internal View T06 Internal Top View

Answer: Yes.

Sincerely,

Philippine Electrical Code 1 Committee



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3. NUMERICAL EXAMPLES

We consider radial and meshed distribution systems from paper [8] to test the methodology presented herein and compare its results with [8].

3.1. Radial Distribution System

For testing the method in radial distribution systems, we consider figure 5, with three cases of loading; uniformly distributed, centrally distributed and increasingly distributed. In this case, PVD and SCC are evaluated at node 11. Table 1 presents the data from [8] to be utilized for EG allocation.

Technical Paper





Figure 5. Radial distribution system for EG allocation [8].

The fuzzy optimization results shown in table 2 considers not only line losses as in the case of [8] but integrates fault currents, cost of operation and voltage drop reduction in the integration of EG in distribution systems. In this system, fuzzy optimization agrees only when the load is centrally distributed with the results in [8]. The methodology described above is followed and in Table 2, the results and comparison are presented.

TABLE 1RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DATA [8].

TABLE 2EG ALLOCATION RESULTS FOR RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

Loading

AnalyticalOptimal

EGAllocation

[8]

FuzzyOptimization

EGAllocation

Uniform 6 7 Central 6 6

Increasing 8 9

1 2 3 4 5 11

Grid

The fuzzy optimization results shown in table 2 considers not only line losses as in the case of [8] but integrates fault currents, cost of operation and voltage drop reduction in the integration of EG in distribution systems. In this system, fuzzy optimization agrees only when the load is centrally distributed with the results in [8].

The methodology described above is followed and in Table 2, the results and comparison are presented.

TABLE 1: RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DATA [8].

TABLE 2: EG ALLOCATION RESULTS FOR RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

3.2 -Meshed Distribution System

Figure 6 below is a meshed distribution system from [8]. In this case, PVD and SCC are evaluated at node 3. We consider 5 MW EG allocation in this system and compare the results of [8] with the fuzzy optimization described herein. Tables 3 and 4 provide the system data. Table 5 presents the results for EG allocation.

It is shown in table 5 that the fuzzy optimization considering increased fault currents, reduced operation cost, reduction of voltage drop and system losses results in EG allocation in bus number 3 for the system given in figure 5.

The results of [8] agree with the results given here though line losses are only considered in [8]. The overall degrees of satisfaction for each node are illustrated in figure 6 below. It is noted that the minimum for bus numbers 5-6 is zero while the degree of satisfaction for bus numbers 2-4 are close yet bus number 3’s degree of satisfaction clears the level.





Figure 5. Radial distribution system for EG allocation [8].

The fuzzy optimization results shown in table 2 considers not only line losses as in the case of [8] but integrates fault currents, cost of operation and voltage drop reduction in the integration of EG in distribution systems. In this system, fuzzy optimization agrees only when the load is centrally distributed with the results in [8]. The methodology described above is followed and in Table 2, the results and comparison are presented.

TABLE 1RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DATA [8].


Loading

AnalyticalOptimal

EGAllocation

[8]

FuzzyOptimization

EGAllocation


Increasing 8 9

1 2 3 4 5 11

Grid

FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION APPLIED TO EMBEDDED GENERATION ALLOCATION

Last Part of a Two-Part Series by Engr. Edwin B. Cano,

Life Member IIEE

ABSTRACT

Embedded generation (EG) allocation problem is addressed utilizing fuzzy multi-objective optimization in this paper. It is shown that the methodology provides needed consideration for EG allocation and accounts for uncertainty using fuzzy set theory. Voltage drop reduction, short circuit capacity (SCC) augmentation, decrease operation cost and system losses reduction were considered as objectives for formulating fuzzy optimization. The paper discusses in detail the approach adopted and several numerical examples are presented to test the developed methodology.


Loading

Analytical Optimal EG Allocation

[8]

Fuzzy OptimizationEG Allocation


Increasing 8 9

3.2. Meshed Distribution System


It is shown in table 5 that the fuzzy optimization considering increased fault currents, reduced operation cost, reduction of voltage drop and system losses results in EG allocation in bus number 3 for the system given in figure 5. The results of [8] agree with the results given here though line losses are only considered in [8]. The overall degrees of satisfaction for each node are illustrated in figure 6 below. It is noted that the minimum for bus numbers 5-6 is zero while the degree of satisfaction for bus numbers 2-4 are close yet bus number 3’s degree of satisfaction clears the level.

TABLE 3MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BUS DATA [8].

Figure 6. Meshed distribution system for EG allocation [8].

TABLE 4



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TABLE 3: MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BUS DATA [8]

FIGURE 6. MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR EG ALLOCATION [8]

TABLE 4: MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM LINE DATA [8].

TABLE 5: EG ALLOCATION RESULTS FOR MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

4. CONCLUSION

In this paper, a fuzzy multi-objective optimization is developed for EG allocation for distribution systems. Detailed discussion of the methodology is provided and numerical examples are given where the said methodology is tested and compared with analytical algorithm. It was shown that the fuzzy optimization has technical and economic considerations neglected in other studies.

For further refinement of the study, load variation and EG dispatch variation should be integrated in the formulation. Nevertheless, the formulation presented in this work is a useful tool for distribution system planning and operations engineers studying EG allocation in distribution systems.

5. REFERENCES

[1] Philippine Distribution Code, Energy Regulatory Commission, San Miguel Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines, available on line- www.erc.gov.ph.[2] J. A. Pecas Lopes, “Integration of Dispersed Generation on Distribution Networks – Impact Studies”, IEEE Winter Power Meeting, February 2005.[3] N. Nimpitiwan and G. T. Heydt, “Fault Current Calculation by the Least Squares Method”, in the proceedings of 2004 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Moscow, ID, pp. 400-406, August 2004.[4] V. V. Thong, J. Driesen and R. Belmans, “Power Quality and Voltage Stability of Distribution System with Distributed Energy Resources”, International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 227-240, 2005 Technology and Science Publishers, Kassel, Germany.[5] W. Rosehart and E. Nowicki, “Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation”, 14th Power System Computation Conference (PSCC), Sevilla, Spain, June 24-28, Session 11, Paper 2, 2002.[6] W. El-Khattam, K. Battacharya, Y. Hegazy and M. M. Salama, “Optimal Investment Planning for Distributed Generation in a Competitive Electricity Market”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 1674-1684, August 2004.






TABLE 4MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM LINE DATA [8].













TABLE 5EG ALLOCATION RESULTS FOR MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

MeshedSystem

AnalyticalOptimal

EGAllocation

[8]

FuzzyOptimization

EGAllocation

BusNumber 3 3

0.000000.050000.100000.150000.200000.250000.300000.350000.400000.450000.50000

2 3 4 5 6

Bus Number

Ni,n

Figure 6. Degree of overall satisfaction for each node for themeshed distribution system for EG allocation.

4. CONCLUSION



5. REFERENCES

[1] Philippine Distribution Code, Energy Regulatory Commission, San Miguel Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines, available on line- www.erc.gov.ph.

[2] J. A. Pecas Lopes, “Integration of Dispersed Generation on Distribution Networks – Impact Studies”, IEEE Winter Power Meeting, February 2005.

[3] N. Nimpitiwan and G. T. Heydt, “Fault Current Calculation by the Least Squares Method”, in the proceedings of 2004 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Moscow, ID, pp. 400-406, August 2004.

[4] V. V. Thong, J. Driesen and R. Belmans, “Power Quality and Voltage Stability of Distribution System with Distributed Energy Resources”, International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 227-240, 2005 Technology and Science Publishers, Kassel, Germany.

MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM LINE DATA [8].

TABLE 5EG ALLOCATION RESULTS FOR MESHED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

MeshedSystem

Analytical Optimal EG Allocation

[8]

Fuzzy OptimizationEG Allocation

Bus Number 3 3

0.000000.050000.100000.150000.200000.250000.300000.350000.400000.450000.50000

2 3 4 5 6

Bus Number

Ni,n

Figure 6. Degree of overall satisfaction for each node for themeshed distribution system for EG allocation.

4. CONCLUSION



5. REFERENCES

[1] Philippine Distribution Code, Energy Regulatory Commission, San Miguel Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines, available on line- www.erc.gov.ph.

[2] J. A. Pecas Lopes, “Integration of Dispersed Generation on Distribution Networks – Impact Studies”, IEEE Winter Power Meeting, February 2005.

[3] N. Nimpitiwan and G. T. Heydt, “Fault Current Calculation by the Least Squares Method”, in the proceedings of 2004 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Moscow, ID, pp. 400-406, August 2004.


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Technical Paper

[7] W. El-Khattam, Y. Hegazy and M. M. Salama, “An Integrated Distributed Generation Optimization Model for Distribution System Planning”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 1158-1165, May 2005.[8] C. Wang and M. H. Nehrir, “Analytical Approaches for Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation Sources in Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 2068-2076, November 2004.[9] A. Keane and M. O’ Malley, “Optimal Allocation of Embedded Generation on Distribution Network”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 1640-1646, August 2005.[10] L. F. Ochoa and A. P. Feltrin and G. P. Harrison, “ Evaluation of a Multiobjective Performance Index for Distribution systems with Distributed Generation”, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED), Turin, Session No. 4, June 6-9, 2005[11] G. Celli, E. Ghiani, S. Mocci and F. Pilo, “A Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm for the Sizing and Siting of Distributed Generation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 750-757, May 2005.[12] L. A. Zadeh, B. R. Gaines and H. J. Zimmermann, “Fuzzy Sets and Decision Analysis”, Introduction in TIMS Studies in Management Sciences – Fuzzy Sets and Decision Analysis, Amsterdam, North Holland, Vol. 20., pp. 3-8, 1984. [13] Y. H. Song, R. W. Dunn and K. R. W. Bell, “Fuzzy Logic and Hybrid Systems”, in Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Power Systems, K. Warwick, A. Ekwue and R. Aggarwal (eds.), IEE Power Engineering Series, London, UK, pp. 68-85, 1997. [14] K. Tomsovic and G. Lambert-Torres, “Fuzzy Systems Applications in Power Systems”, in IEEE Power Engineering Society Tutorial, Fuzzy Logic and Evolutionary Programming Techniques in Power Systems, Summer Meeting 2000, Seattle, July 2000, available on line- http://tomsovic.eecs.wsu.edu/Vitae/Publications.html[15] J. A. Momoh, X. W. Ma and K. Tomsovic, “Overview and Literature Survey of Fuzzy Set Theory in Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1676-1690, August 1999.[16] R. C. Bansal, “Bibliography on the Fuzzy Set Theory Applications in Power Systems (1994-2001)”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 1291-1299, November 2004.[17] H. N. Ng, M. M. A. Salama, A. Y. Chikhani, “Capacitor Allocation by Approximate Reasoning: Fuzzy Capacitor Placement”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 393-398, January 2000.[18] S. F. Mekhamer, S. A. Soliman, M. A. Moustafa, M. E. El-Hawary, “Application of Fuzzy Logic for Reactive Power Compensation of Radial Distribution Feeders”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 206-213, February 2003.

[19] B. P. Lang and A. Pahwa, “Power Distribution System Reliability Planning Using a Fuzzy Knowledge-Based Approach”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 279-284, January 2000. [20] H. J. Zimmermann, “Fuzzy Programming and Linear Programming with Several Objective Functions”, in TIMS Studies in Management Sciences – Fuzzy Sets and Decision Analysis, Amsterdam, North Holland, Vol. 20., pp. 109-121, 1984. [21] D. Das, “A Fuzzy Multiobjective Approach for Network Reconfiguration of Distribution Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 202-209, January 2006.[22] H. Y. Yamin, “Fuzzy Self-Scheduling for GenCos”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 503-505, February 2005.[23] P. Attaviriyanupap, H. Kita, E. Tanaka, J. Hasegawa, “A Fuzzy-Optimization Approach to Dynamic Economic Dispatch Considering Uncertainties”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 1299-1307, August 2004.

Edwin B. Cano was born in Angeles City, Philippines on March 25, 1971. He graduated from the Technological University of the Philippines in March 2002 with the degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering. He had his Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering at Holy

Angel University in March 1993. He is a registered Professional Electrical Engineer. He is a member of the IEEE–Power Engineering Society and a life member of the IIEE. Previously, he has been a full time instructor at the Department of Electrical Engineering in Holy Angel University from June 1996 to March 2003 where he serves as an Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Graduate School of Engineering. He is a Principal Engineer B at the Network Protection Department, Luzon System the National Transmission Corporation in the Philippines since April 2003. His technical interests include fuzzy logic applications in power systems, power system modeling and analysis, and electromagnetic simulation of power systems.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR



iiee Snap Shots

IIEESnap Shots

VP-Internal Engr. Armando R. Diaz with Engr. Jesus Redelosa, former Justice Secretary Hernani Perez, and UB Dean of Engineering Engr, Henry Cabatay

IIEE-National President, Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, welcoming the new EE’s during the oathtaking ceremonies for EE Board Passer

Guest Speaker Usec Pablo M. Pan III with National President, Engrs. Hipolito A. Leoncio, and Gregorio Y. Guvarra and other IIEE oficers during the official opening of exhibit

Engrs. Arnel Bautista, Rolito Gualvez, Ronald Vincent Santiago, Wilfredo Alicdan, Eusebio Gonzales, Cyrus Canto, and VP-TechnicalAffairs Armando R. Diaz, during the NCR Fellowship Night

MOAPO AWARDS NIGHTFrom L to R: BEE Chairman, Engr. Rodolfo R. Peñalosa, IIEE National President, Engr. Hipolito A. Leoncio, VP-External Affairs, Engr. Gregorio Y. Guevarra

National and Regional Officers of Region V and National Secretariat with actor Ronnie Ricketts, during the 9th Regional Conference of Region V at Iriga City.

Left Photo: Engr. Arthur A. Lopez, Former President of the Institute, awards the prize to one of the raffle winner during the Golf Tournament.

Right Photo: IIEE Officers, Engrs. Gil Luzares, Gregorio R. Cayetano, Emil Marabulas, Gregorio Y. Guevarra, takes time to relax after a grueling meeting.

STILL STORIES OF YOUR INSTITUTE


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Membership Update

STILL STORIES OF YOUR INSTITUTE

Listed below is the correct ranking of the winners for the 21st CSC National Quiz Show and National Math Wizard held during the 32nd Annual National Convention and 3E XPO 2007 on November 6-10, 2007 at the SMX Convention Center:

21st National Quiz Show

Champion: Technological Institute of the Philippines-Manila Campus

(NCR)First Runner Up: Batangas State University (Region 4)Second Runner Up: Cebu Institute of Technology (Region 7)Third Runner Up: Technological Institute of the

Philippines-Manila Campus (NCR)

7th National Math Wizard

Champion: University of Saint Loui Tuguegarao (Region 1)First Runner Up: Polytechnic University of the

Philippines-Manila (NCR)Second Runner Up: Technological Institute of the

Philippines-Manila (NCR)Third Runner Up: University of Batangas (Region 4)

ERRATUM

Awarding of the check for the winners of IIEE Hymn: (to the left) CLC Officers Engrs. Ernseto M. dela Resma, Bautista G. Daya, Eduardo E. Emata, Manuel SA. Guevarra, Armando R. Diaz, and A. Alvarez.

The Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE), in celebration of its 33rd ANC & 3E XPO and in fulfillment of its commitment to strengthen the camaraderie and sportsmanship of its officers and members, will hold a Golf Tournament on November 4, 2008 at the Sun Valley Golf Clubhouse, Inarawan, Antipolo, Rizal.

For those who are interested to join, the details of Tournament are as follows:Format: MolaveTicket Price/Fee: Php2, 500Tee Off: 7:00 am - 9:00 am

For more information, you may call the following numbers: (02)722-7383,448-211, 414-5626, (+63)9285074141and look for Ms. Evangeline Borromeo.

After a grueling competition and a chary decision, the new IIEE Hymn will be heard this coming 33rd Annual National Convention and 3E XPO on November 5-8, 2008 at the SMX Convention Center, Pasay City.

IIEE-Central Laguna Chapter was named as the victor in the contest spearheaded by Engr. Armando R. Diaz, National Treasurer then, in 2007. The awarding of the Cash Prize of Php50,000.00 was done during the Fellowship Night of the 9th Region IV Regional Conference on March 28, 2008.

The IEE-Central Laguna Chapter Officers are as follows: Engrs. Manuel SA. Guevarra, Chapter President; Renato B. Ong, VP-Internal; Bautista G. Daya, VP-External; Reynaldo B. Natividad, VP-Technical; Eduardo N. Emata, Jr.; Celsa V. Arriesgado, Treasurer; and Exequiel A. Elleazar, Jr., Auditor.

The Board of Directors are: Engrs. Jaime A. Brual, Enrico T. Esguerra, Christopher T. Bellaflor, Felimar T. Resplandor, Manuel C. Hernandez, Ronald H. Delfino, Ernesto M. dela Resma, and Wilfredo R. Ibañez.

For the musical arrangement of the hymn, IIEE-CLC employed the talent of Ms. Cecille de Besa.

IIEE-CLC WINS SEARCH FOR IIEE HYMN



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Documents

IIEE Magazine Mar-June2008 Issue