ISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)

Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016

1788All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETR

Abstract— Lack of space availability has always been aproblem in urban areas and major cities and to add to it there are carsparked callously on the streets that further limit the space. In order tohandle the issue of parking in busy places various types of vehicleparking systems are used worldwide namely Multi-level AutomatedCar Parking, Automated Car Parking System,Volkswagen CarParking and many more. The present project work is aimed todevelop a reduced working model of a car parking system forparking 6 to 15 cars within a parking area of 32m².It is an amalgamation of the already developed parking systems withthe added advantage of reduced space occupancy by the design of asimpler and compact parking system that is rotary and occupiescircular parking space.The chain and sprocket mechanism is usedfor driving the parking platform and a one fourth hp brake motorshall be implemented for powering the system and indexing theplatform, Rack and Pinion mechanism we use for time saving.

The platform is fabricated to suit the working model.Theprocurement and manufactured items are in hand and are ready to beassembled with the structure. This model is further useful forvarious branches of engineering in order to develop different typesof automations like PLC, micro controller and computerization. Bytesting and analyzing the working model we can definitely get theview to develop the parking lots at difficult and busy commercialplaces.

Index Terms

Human-machine interaction systemSafety PurposeReduce parking areaMicro controllerSensorRack and Pinion

Manuscript received May, 2016.Pushpender Raman, Mechanical Engineering, VTU,Bangalore, INDIA,

09535520186Ashish Kumar, Mechanical Engineering, VTU, Bangalore, INDIA,

09535524158Abhishek Kumar, Mechanical Engineering, VTU, Bangalore, INDIA,

09066059248Rajesh prasad Kushwaha Mechanical Engineering, VTU, Bangalore,

INDIA, 09036448347

I. INTRODUCTIONThe Rotary Automated Car Parking System (RACPS)belongs to the class of rotary smart car parking systems. Thetraditional parking systems such as multilevel or multi-storeycar parking systems (non-automated),robot car parkingsystems, automated multilevel car parking systems etc havebeen implemented on a huge scale. But these systems have amajor disadvantage of large space consumption which issuccessfully eliminated with the use of a rotary car parkingsystem [2]. Moreover, the latter provides the added benefitsof flexible operation without the need of an attendant andadded security and least chances of vehicle damage. Since themodel makes use of composite parts, it is easy to assembleand dismantle and is thus more convenient than thetraditional car parking systems.The rotary model is specifically designed to accommodatemultiple cars in the horizontal space of four. The structurecan accommodate eight cars in the space of four and can evenbe customized to hold a greater number depending upon therequirements of the user and can be efficiently put to use inmuch space crunched areas. Parking spaces cannot cope withthe growth of the number of vehicles. In many urban housingsocieties, the parking space ratio is 1:1. The vehicles parkedrandomly, cause the major problem faced in most of themetropolitan cities.1.1 Component required :

Ball bearingDc motor 12v,10wRoller frameFrame for boxesLead acid battery 12vServomotorChain and sprocketRack and Pinion

Rotary Automated Car Parking SystemPushpender Raman1, Ashish Kumar1, Abhishek kumar1,Rajesh Prasad Kushwaha1

Praveen AV2, Dr KS Badarinarayan31UG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MSEC Bangalore,

Karnataka, India2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MSEC Bangalore,

Karnataka, India3Principal & Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MSEC Bangalore,

Karnataka, India

ISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)

Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016

1789All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETR

1.2 MICROCONTROLLER:

8 bit microcontroller with 8k bytes in system program flash

DESCRIPTION

The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performanceCMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-systemprogrammable Flash memory. The device is manufacturedusing Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technologyand is compatible with the industry- standard 80C51instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows theprogram memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by aconventional nonvolatile memory programmer. Bycombining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-systemprogrammable Flash on a monolithic chip, the AtmelAT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which provides ahighly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embeddedcontrol applications.The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8Kbytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdogtimer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, asix-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serialport, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, theAT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down tozero frequency and supports two software selectable powersaving modes.The board process the signals received fromthe flex sensor & tilt sensor furthermore convert them intorequisite digital pulses that are then send to the dc motors.This dc motors will respond as per the pulses and the momentof the arm occurs. In short, the micro controller interfaces allthese components specified above.

MICRO CONTROLLER AT89C52

The AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmableand erasable read only memory (PEROM). The on-chip Flashallows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-systemor by a Conventional nonvolatile memory programmer.

VCC - Supply voltage.

GND - Ground.

2.3 MICRO CONTROLLER (8051)A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integratedcircuit containing a processor core, memory , andprogrammable input/output peripherals. Programmemory inthe form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM isalso often included on chip, as well as a typically smallamount of RAM.Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, incontrast to the microprocessor used in personal computer orother general purpose applications consisting of variousdiscrete chips.

2.5 DC Motor Driver

The microcontroller output is not sufficient to drive the DCmotors, so current drivers are required for motor rotation. TheL293D is a quad, high-current, half-H driver designed toprovide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600 mA atvoltages from 4.5V to 36V. It makes it easier to drive the DCmotors. The L293D consists of four drivers. Pin IN1 throughIN4 and OUT1 through OUT4 are input and output pins,respectively, of driver 1 through driver 4. Drivers 1 and 2,and drivers 3 and 4 are enabled by enable pin 1 (EN1) and pin9 (EN2), respectively. When enable input EN1 (pin 1) is high,drivers 1 and 2 are enabled and the outputs corresponding totheir inputs are active. Similarly, enable input EN2 (pin 9)enables drivers 3 and 4. The L293 is an integrated circuitmotor driver that can be used for simultaneous, bidirectionalcontrol of two small motors as shown fig belo output currentof 1.2A per channel. Moreover for protection of circuit fromback EMF output diodes are included within the IC. Theoutput supply (VCC2) has a wide range from 4.5V to 36V,which has made L293D a best choice for DC motor driver. Asseen in the circuit, three pins are needed for interfacing a DCmotor (A, B, Enable). As we want the o/p to be enabledcompletely so we have connected Enable to VCC and only 2pins are needed from controller to make the motor work.

2.6 DC Gear MotorGeared the motors that operate using gears are used becausethey are bidirectional. Viz with these motors you can moveyour robot in both directions (forward and backward).here 4motors (12v,60rpm) are used to move robotic arm as well asbase in different direction. According to the program in the

ISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)

Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016

1790All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETR

microcontroller, the robot starts moving.Port 1 - Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internalpullups. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTLinputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they are pulledhigh by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. Asinputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low willsource current (IIL) because of the internal pullups.Inaddition, P1.0 and P1.1 can be configured to be thetimer/counter 2 external count input (P1.0/T2) and thetimer/counter 2 trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively.Port1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flashprogramming and verification.Port 2 - Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internalpullups.The Port output buffers can sink/source four TTLinputs.When 1s are written to Port 2 pins, they are pulledhigh bythe internal pullups and can be used as inputs. Asinputs,Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low willsourcecurrent (IIL) because of the internal pullups.Port 2emits the high-order address byte during fetches fromexternal program memory and during accesses to externaldata memory that use 16-bit address. In this application, Port2 uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1s. Duringaccesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses,Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special FunctionRegister.Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits andsome control signals during Flashprogramming and verificatPort 3 - Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internalpullups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTLinputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins, they are pulledhigh by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. Asinputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low willsource current (IIL) because of the pullups. Alternatefunctions of PORT 3 register banks are located in internalRAM in addresses 08h through 1Fh.Bit memory actuallyresides in internal RAM, from addresses 20h through 2Fh.The 80 bytes remaining of Internal RAM, from addresses 30hthrough 7Fh, may be used by user variables that need to beaccessed frequently or at high-speed. This area is also utilizedby the microcontroller as a storage area for the operatingstack. This fact severely limits the 8051’s stack since, asillustrated in the memory map, the area reserved for the stackis only 80 bytes--and usually it is less since this 80 bytes hasto be shared between the stack and user variables.

CONDITIONS: WHEN RELAY IS ON:

When 12V (from voltage regulator) & -12V (from o/p of2803) is applied to the coil. Magnetic field is setup around thecoil and it acts as temporary magnet. The switch is pulledtowards normally open & electric signal is fed to DTMFcoder.

1When -12 v(from o/p of 2803) is not applied to thecoil .Magnetic field is not setup around the coil and itdoesn’t acts as temporary magnet .The switch is pulledtowards normally closed & no electric signal is fed to DTMFcoder.

MOTOR:

D.C. motors are of great industrial importance. The mainadvantage of a d.c. motor is that it is amenable to differentmethods of speed control to provide a wide range of speedsand good speeds regulation

RACK AND PINION MECHANISM

A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises apair of gears which convert rotational motion into linearmotion.A circular gear called “the pinion“ engages teeth on alinear “gear” bar called “the rack; rotational motion appliedto the pinion causes the rack to move relative to the pinion,thereby translating the rotational motion of the pinion intolinear motion.In this project, rack and pinion is used toplace the car on theslot by quick forward and backward movement of rack andpinion. We are using sensor on rack and pinion to sense thepresence of vehicle and move it to vacant slot.

SPECIFICATION

Velocity ratio=12/380=23.6:750

Lifting capacity =2.5/1500=1/600=1.25:750

Power required =10/(7.5*1000)=1:750

Note :Hence less power consumption for same loadGRAPH

SOFTWAREThe software is responsible for taking into consideration thesensor data and give the required output signal to the linearcontrol system. For this, we require an action perception loop,sensor polling and controlling movement. We have selectedmicrocontroller 89S52 and the code for it is written inEmbedded Basic language. The programming of the

ISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)

Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016

1791All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETR

microcontroller has been accomplished by using the “KEIL”software.sensor the IR and the sinal is reflected to the IR sensor the IRsensor is receive the signal and activate the LED on .The ICLM 356 is a audio amplifier all the resistance is used forreduce the voltage to the LED and sensor

.

REFERENCES

[1] M Childs, "Parking Spaces; A Design, Implementation and Use Manualfor Architects Planners and Engineers" McGraw-Hill, 2009.

[2] D Y Park, "Vertical Rotary Parking" http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2004/0156699.html (accessed on 11 November,2010).

[3] H Hwang, S Lee, "Expected Service Time Model for A Rotary ParkingSystem”, Computer Industrial Engineering, vol 35, pp 559-562, 1998.(Pubitemid 128674778).

[4] F. B. Beer, E. R. Johnston Jr., "Mechanics of Material, Second Edition",McGraw-Hill, pp 701, s1992.

Pushpender Raman,Mechanical Engineer,B.E.

I took the idea from swing wheel from fare,we can park from then eight carsin place of 4 cars by the utlization of circular vertical space.

Ashish Kumar,Mechanical Engineer,B.E.

I took the idea of rack and pinion mechanism from theory of mechanism.

Abhishek Kumar and Rajesh Prasad Kushwaha,MechanicalEngineer,B.E.they did softwares and chain and sprockets mechanism work