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HUM 2461Humanities of Latin
America
SFC Fall 2013Week 6
Today’s AgendaDay 11
• Attendance• South American Civilization:
The Incas1. Religion (Day 10)2. Architecture (Day 11)
• 2nd Assignment due on week 7• Pop Quiz
Inca Civilization
Cultural periods1150 – 1493 CE
TIMELINE FOR THE INCA CIVILIZATION
Expansion1438Inca
Pachacutec
TAWANTINSUYO
Tawantinsuyofour cardinal points
Four Suyos (side/location):
1. Collasuyo (S)
2. Chinchaysuyo (N)
3. Contisuyo (SW)
4. Antisuyo (NE)
Inti = sun
Inca Architecture (1)1. It is widely known for its fine masonry, which features
precisely cut and shaped stones closely fitted without mortar.
2. Rectangular building without any internal walls and roofed with wooden beams and thatch.
3. Two-story buildings were infrequent.
4. Wall apertures, including doors, niches and windows, usually had a trapezoidal shape.
5. Other kinds of decoration were scarce.
6. Rectangular buildings were used for quite different functions in almost all Inca buildings, from humble houses to palaces and temples…
Trapezoidal Shape
Trapezoidal Windows
Gabled Roofs
Storehouses qollqa: Gabled Roofs
Inca Architecture (2)6. The most common composite form in Inca
architecture was the kancha.
7. Testimonies of this type of architecture are:
… Cuzco (Qusqu'Qosqo) consisted of large kancha.
--- The Temple of the Sun (Qorikancha) and the Inca palaces.
… Ollantaytambo (near Cusco: Urubamba river).
--- Temple of the Sun and The Mañacaray or Royal Hall.
--- The Incahuatana and The Baños de la Princesa (Princess’ tub baths)
Lintel and double jamb
Lintel
Jamb
Population
Debates about the number of people inhabiting Tawantinsuyu at its peak.
As few as 4 million people, to more than 37 million.
The reason for these various estimates is that in spite of the fact that the Inca kept excellent census records using their quipu.
Quipu
Ollantaytambo (La Fortaleza/The Fortress)
Top of La Fortaleza
Precisely cut and shaped stones closely fitted
without mortar.
Wiracochan / Tunupa
The messenger ofViracocha
Wall of Six monoliths
Pedro Cieza de León"For as is well known to all, not a single village of the highlands or the plains failed to pay the tribute levied on it by those who were in charge of these matters. There were even provinces where, when the natives alleged that they were unable to pay their tribute, the Inca ordered that each inhabitant should be obliged to turn in every four months a large quill full of live lice, which was the Inca's way of teaching and accustoming them to pay tribute”
The bath of the Princess
Chakana
Machu Picchu• Pachacutec (Pachacuti) built Cuzco and Machu Picchu
in 1438.
• Means old mountain.
• Ancients work systems:
1. Minca
2. Mita
3. Ayni
MINKA
Machu Picchu
Terraced structures
Agricultural sector
Residential area: gabled roofs
Interior of a house / windows
Temple of the Sun or Torreon
Intihuatana / Inti watana
HUATA TO TIE UP, TO HICH & NA is a suffix for TOOL or PLACE
In the Sun Temple
1400-1700 CE
2nd Assigment
Week 5: HW#4 (1-15) due on week 7.
Points off if HW is not typed
Pop Quiz
