Huang - An Atlas Of High Resolution Spectra Of Rare Earth Elements For Icp-Aes (2000).pdf

8/18/2019 Huang - An Atlas Of High Resolution Spectra Of Rare Earth Elements For Icp-Aes (2000).pdf

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n tlas of High Resolution Spectra of Rare Earth Elements for

Inductively Coupled Plasma tomic Emission Spectroscopy


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An Atlas

of

High Resolution

Spectra o Rare Earth Elements

for Inductively Coupled Plasma

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Benli Huang, Xiaoru Wang, Pengyuan Yang, Ha i Ying, Sheng Gu,

Zhigang Zhang, Zhixia Zhuang, Zhenhua Sun

Laboratory of Analytical Science fo r Material and Life Chem istry

Department

of

Chemistry Xiamen University Xiamen 361005

P R China

Present address: Fudan University, Shanghai

200433,

PR China

Bing Li

Institute of Rock and Mineral Analysis Ministry of Geology and

Mineral Resources Beijing 100037

P R

China

RSe

~

ROY L SOCIETY

O

CHEMISTRY


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ISBN 0-85404-477-9

catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

he Royal Society of Chemistry

2000

All rights reserved.

Apart fr om any fair dealing fo r the purposes o research or private study or criticism or

review as perm itted under the ter ms

o

the U K Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988

this publication m ay not be reproduced stored or transm itted in any o r m or by any means

without the prior perm ission in writing

o

The Royal Society o Chem istry or in the case o

reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms o the licences issued by the

Copyright Licensing Agency in the U K or in accordance with the terms

of

the licences

issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the

UK.

Enquiries

concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society

oj ch em is tr y at the address printed on this page.

Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry,

Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road

Cambridge CB4 OWF,

UK

For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org

Typeset by Paston PrePress Ltd, Beccles, Suffolk

Printed by Bookcraft Bath) Ltd


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reface

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy ICP-AES) has

moved into a period of rapidly growing application, as Prof. Fassel has pointed

out. It has been widely adopted as a routine analytical technique for elemental

analysis in various laboratories, companies and industries. As is always the case,

the shortcomings of ICP-AES appeared gradually with its extensive application,

one of which is spectral interference even with a high resolution spectrometer,

especially for such line-rich elements as rare earth elements REEs).

There is an old Chinese saying: ‘A workman must first sharpen his tools if he

wants to do his work well’. We hope that the present Altas is such a tool for

analytical spectroscopists who want to determine the REEs well, and especially

to determine them in REE matrices. The Atlas contains systematic, informative

and useful data and profiles

o

high-resolution interferent spectra among REEs,

especially the data of some newly proposed evaluation parameters. With the

help of the Atlas, not only may the best analytical line s) be selected with given

matrices of REEs, but also a more comprehensive and complete understanding

of the ICP may be obtained with the characteristics of the spectra.

The Atlas is composed of four parts. Part

I

is the Introduction, in which the

aims of the book and the necessity of such research are clearly elucidated. Some

concepts and principles used in the book are interpreted in detail. Conventional

and more advanced criteria for evaluating spectral interference are illustrated

with formulae and figures. The apparatus and the experimental procedures used

are listed or described in detail. Many references published in the past are

collected in Part 11. The tables forming Part I11 contain the important data of

the criteria for spectral coincidence profiles. The best analytical line s) of a REE

may be found directly from the tables for a particular REE matrix, o r with some

further simple calculation for a matrix of a particular mixture of REEs. The

collection of coincidence profiles for a total of 65 prominent lines of 15 REEs

which have not been adequately addressed previously in the literature are

presented in Part

IV. In addition to the hard copy of the coincidence profiles,

an electronic version is provided on a compact disk supplied with this book.

Instruction for use of the disk is included in the Appendix.

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support granted by the National

Natural Science Foundation of China. They also sincerely appreciate the

donation of the brand new ICP2070 spectrometer, especially equipped with a

holographic grating of 3600 grooves/mm for the REEs, by Baird Corp.,

MA

USA, without which this Atlas could not have been produced.

V


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vi reface

Although the contents of this book have been examined and double-checked

many times by the auth ors referees an d editors some error s will be inevitable.

The au thor s would appreciate inform ation concerning any errors.


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Contents

I

Introduction

Overview

2 Interpretat ion

Spectral coincidence profiles

Detection limits

Background equivalence concentration

Tru e detection limit and @values

Apparatus

Sample solutions

Selection of pro min ent lines

Experimental procedures

Wavelength accuracy a nd reproducibility

3

App aratus and Procedures

I References

Coincidence Tables Alphabetical Listing

by

Elements)

Selected prom inen t lines of RE Es an d their detection limits and

2 Tables

o

interfering lines

3 Tables of coincidence evaluation parameters

4 Tables of recommended analytical lines with matrices

o

R E E s

ECs

IV Spectral Coincidence Profiles

Appendix Instructions for Use of the Program ‘Explorer for Interferent

Spectra of REEs’ Attached on the Disk

2

2

2

3

3

7

7

7

9

2

8

4

7

248

vii


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SECTION

I

Introduction

1 Overview

There is an increasing need for sensitive, accurate and convenient analytical

techniques for analysis and determination of rare earth elements (REEs) with

their expand ing applications.' RE Es are now widely used in various areas of

industry, agriculture, material science and other modern technologies, for

instance, special alloy steels, non-ferrous alloys, magn etic m aterials, fluorescent

powders, various kinds of growth promotion fertilizer in agriculture, catalysts

in oil refining, add itives in new ceram ic materials, etc.

Being a powerful tool for elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma

atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) plays a mo re a nd more important role

in the purity analysis of REEs owing to its high performance, such as: low

detection limits

(

<

0 . 0 ~ug

ml-

),

good precision, wide linear dynamic range,

simple sample treatment,

etc.

As shown in many papers, ICP-AES has the

potential to determine individual REEs directly without mutual separation,2

provided the spectrometer has ad equate resolution and dispersion.

How ever, one of the basic problems of AES is spectral interference from the

concomitant and matrix elements of the sample. In addition, REEs are well-

know n spectral line-rich elements. Imp roper analytical line selection may result

in significant loss of detection power or accuracy for samples containing REE

matrices. Therefore, it is crucial to cho ose appro priate analytical lines in order

to avoid interference and ensure the quality of a n a l y ~ i s . ~t is obvious th at the

line coincidence atlases are always the most emphasized an d im po rtan t funda-

mental research for ICP-AES, as stressed by many spectrochemists at a work-

shop held in Scarborough, Ont., Canada, in 1987:

Needs for Fundamental

Atomic Reference Data f o r Analytical Spectroscopy, Spectrochim. Ac ta, Part

B ,

1988 43 No. l .4

Althoug h quite a few extensive tables5-I9 have been p ublished for REE s, few

of them meet the demands for optimum selection of analytical line(s) for

samples with REEs as major constituents. Some of them lack the mutual

interferent information am ong the RE E lines, and m ost of them d o not provide

spectral coincidence profiles. Fo r tho se atlases with spectral profiles, the ov erlay

information

is

still insufficient or not

so

accurate owing to the use of a low-

resolution spectrometer for obtaining the spectral information. Many weak

lines of REEs are missed or submerged in profiles

of

other sensitive lines.

Furthermore, the general assessments adopted for rational line selection were

1


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2 Section

I

sensitivity, detection limit, an d signal-to-background rat io (SBR),

e tc .

Another

significant criterion for selecting analytical line(s), the true detection limit

proposed by Boum ans, has not been applied in mo st of these atlases.

The aim of this atlas is to provide spectral interference data for REEs, with

emphasis on the spectral interferences occurring am ong RE Es

The atlas will cover the following aspects:

1. to record the detailed spectra of all REEs in the wavelength region

adjacent to each of the prominent lines of a particular R EE with a high-

resolution ICP-A ES instrument;

2. to provide reliable evaluation, based on recorded sp ectra, of the powers of

detection of the chosen prominent lines for samples with the matrices of

the other REEs;

3. to recommend the best analytical line(s) of an analy te with less interference

and h igher sensitivities for analysis with a pa rticular R E E matrix;

4. to provide data for calculating the criteria to choose the best line(s) with

mixed REE s m atrices.

Interpretation

Spectral Coincidence Profiles

Spectral coincidence profiles, according to ou r experience, are the simplest and

clearest illustration fo r interpreting the interfering spectra. Th e graphic forma t

not only provides

us

with the interference da ta , but also gives

us

a visual impact

of the spectra in a certain wavelength range, from which we could obtain

information on different kinds of interference, such as direct overlap, wing

overlap a nd line broaden ing interference.

The coincidence profiles are presented in Part

IV.

These profiles for each

prominent line are divided into four separate plots, each of them consisting of

linear-scaled profiles of analyte spectral profile superimposed with interferent

profiles La, C e, Sm, Dy in plot A, Er, Ho, Tb , (Dy) in plot B, Eu, Gd , Lu, Tm in

plot C , and Nd, Pr , Y, Yb in plot D, respectively. The magnitude of an

interference can be estimated by a simple comparison of the analyte and

interferent intensities at the analytical wavelength. The wavelengths of some

unlabelled interferent lines in the plots may be foun d in the T ables of Interfering

Lines in Pa rt 111. The full view of the spectra can be zoomed with programs on

the disk enclosed with this b oo k. This is especially useful for th ose profiles in

which the analyte a nd in terferent peaks a re of significantly different magnitude.

Detection Limits

Detection limits

(C,)

in ICP-AES are usually defined as the concen trations that

yield a net line signal equ al to a n arbitrary factor

K )

times the relative s tand ard

deviation GB) of the background signal (XB):


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r oclirction

where

SA :

sensitivity of analyte;

XA

the net analyte signal;

CA:

the analyte concen trat ion to produce

XA.

Commonly, the relat ive standard deviat ion of the background oB is con-

servatively assum ed t o be

0.01.

However, various values

of K

have been used by

different workers. By convention,

K

is equal to

3,

which correspon ds approxi-

mately to 9 5 % confidence. In the definition of the co nve ntion al detection limit

given by Boum ans in case of interference,

K

is equal to

22/2.

Here, in order to be

consistent with other literature, a value of

3

is used for

K .

Therefore, the

detection limit may be written as:

Background Equivalent Concentration

Background equivalent concentration (BEC) is usually defined a s the concen-

tration that yields a net line signal equal to the net solvent blank signal, which

may be estimated as:

BEC is anoth er em pirical evaluation of detection power of the analysis.

True Detection Limit and

Q

Values

True detection limit

CL,true)

ssessment was proposed by Boumans and

Vrakking for rational selection of wavelength lines. It has been proved capable

to be a simple, applicable and standard criterion for estimating the type and

magnitude of spectral interference in the analysis of real samples.

According to Ref.

11,

for a multi-component system, in case of interference,

CL,true

s defined as:

where

A :

the peak wavelength of an ana lysis line;


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4 Section

I

SI,;

La ) :

the sensitivity of co m po ne nt j at the interfering line a t La;

SA:

sensitivity of ana lyte;

CI>,:he interferent co ncentrat ion of compo nent j ;

C L , ~ ~ ~ ~ :

he conventional detection limit.

Th e conventional d etection limit can be written as:

1-6)

X L

C L , ~ ~ ~ ~2 h 0.01 x RSDBl

x

A

in which, RSDBl( ) s the relative standa rd deviation of the total bac kground

signal

XBL

which is written as:

where

XB:

the net backgroun d signal at

la

XI,,:

the net interferent signal of c o m p o n e n t j a t l a

XW,,:

the net wing signal of com po ne ntj at l a

So the rat io XBL/SAmay be written as:

Boumans think s that the quotients

of S j

nd

SW,

ith

SA

are m ore meaningful

tha n the values themselves:

I-10)

The

Q

values are more con venient a nd have universal significance in th at they

are independent of (a) the transmission characteristics of the spectrometer an d

the response characteristic of the detector; (b) the transport efficiency of the

nebulizer, at least to a first app roxim ation ; an d (c) the units in which the

sensitivities are expressed.

Then the conventional detection limit is obtaine d:

I -

11)

Finally, we have


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Introduction

5

Analyte

signal

Figure

1 1

Illustration

of

XB ,

X I ,

and

w

(1-12)

The basic parameters, XB,XI, and Xw, are illustrated in Figure I- 1.

3

Apparatus and Procedures

Apparatus

A com mercial sequential high-resolution ICP -AE S spectrometer w as employed

for collection of th e coincidence profiles. Th e specification of the instrument an d

the optimized o pera ting conditions are summarized in Tab le

I-

1.

Sample

Solutions

The stock solutions

(1

m g m l -

I

were provided by Shanghai Institute of

Material Science (spectral purity

> 99.995%).

The standard solut ion and the

artificial ‘pure’ matrix solution of each rare earth element (listed in Table 1-2)

were prepared by diluting the stock solutions with distilled and deionized water

prepare d by the MilliQ water purification system. Fo r example, ml Ce

standard solut ion (1 m gm l-I) and 10m l ni tr ic acid AR) were mixed and

diluted to 20 0m l to obta in the analytical standa rd so lution . The final concen-

tration

o f H N 0 3

in all test solutions was 0.8 m ol l-

I . 0.8

m ol l- nitric acid

prepared with distilled and deionized water was used as the blank solution.


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6 Section

I

Table

1-1 Instrumentation and optimized operating conditions

Model 2070 ICP-AES spectrometer

(Baird C orp ., 125 Middlesex Turnpike , Bedford, M A 01730, USA )

Monochromator

Grating

Scanning mechanism

Entrance and Exit Slit widths

Bandpass (FW HM )

Detectors

R F Generator power

Forward power

Reflected pow er

Torch

Sample introduction

Argon gas flow rates

Solution uptake rate

m vacuum, C-T m ounting

1 cm

foam

lining added to thermostatic housing

3600 groves mm-

I

holographic

Har mon ic drive

17.5pm

0.007nm

Two selected PM Ts:

U V

160-290 nm

VIS 290-900 nm

PMT Ga in 6

40.68MH z, crystal controlled.

Solid state, com puter controlled w ith an autom atic

matching network

1050

W

2w

One-piece quart z, low flow design

Concentric pneumatic glass nebulizer, Scott-type

glass spray cham ber, peristaltic pu mp

Outer gas flow rate 9 min -

Intermediate gas flow rate 0.85 min-

Carrier gas inlet pressure 32 psi

1 .50mlmin- '

Table

1-2 The concentrations of the adopted stan-

dard solutions and m at rix solutions

Concentration (pg ml- 1

Element

In standard solution In ma trix solution

La

Ce

Pr

Nd

Sm

Eu

G d

T b

DY

H o

Er

Tm

Yb

Lu

Y

5

5

10

5

5

1

5

5

5

1

1

1000

1000

100

100

1000

100

100

1000

1000

1

1000

100

100

100

100


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Introduction 7

Selection

of

Prominent Lines

Consulting other references, lines with large signal to background ratio

S/B)

were selected for the present study.

In

this work, four to six prominent

analytical lines were selected to investigate the spectral interference for each

rare ea rth element. The detection limits

of

the selected prominent lines of each

REE

obtained by the a utho rs are l isted in Table

111-

1.

Experimental Procedures

As

indicated in the section on Sam ple Solutions, the blank, stan dard a nd 'pure'

matrix solutions were used to o btain the spectral data of bac kgro und , analytes,

and matrices respectively. The window width of the sequential spectrometer

used in this study was set to 0.2 nm. Within the 0.2 nm window, every spectrum

of backg roun d, analytes, and matrices was recorded in steps of approx ima te

0.9

pm . The integration time is

0.2

s per step with a con stant voltage setting for the

photomultiplier (PMT). Under these conditions, there are more than 200

measuremen t points per scan and 15 scans per profile f or each of the

65

spectral

lines. Thus, approximately

198000

intensity measurements for the coincidence

profiles have been made.

The coincidence profiles were obtained by superimposing the profiles of

signals of background, analyte, and matrices that were located in the same

wavelength range. In addition to the visualization of interference, the relevant

criteria,

CL

CL,conv,

L,true

n d

Q

values may be finally determ ined.

A

computer

program compiled by the authors was used to locate positions of peaks and to

calculate these critera automatically. Readers may contact the authors if they

are interested in this prog ram .

To maintain the excitation conditions consistent, the intensities of

Dy I

364.540nm and Sm I 359.260nm were checked every working day with

5 pg ml- of stand ard solution under the optim um conditions. If the intensities

of those lines mo nitored were out

of

the tolerance range, th e carrier gas flow rate

was adjusted to maintain the initial intensities. When investigation for one

matrix spectrum was completed, the plasma torch and nebulizer were cleaned

thoro ugh ly with concentrated nitric acid (50%) to avoid mem ory effects.

Wavelength Accuracy and Reproducibility

Wavelength accuracy and reproducibility are decisive to the superimposibility

of the coincidence profiles. The grating drive mechanism of the

ICP 2070

is

based on a harmonic drive. It works with a tolerance, reported by the

instrument manufacturer, of less than one step. Consequently, the accuracy of

the peak position located should be less than two steps,

i.e.

I .8 pm. From the

wavelength range

of

200-500nm, a prom inent line of a know n element was

selected to check the shift of the grating position for about every

4 0 n m .

For

instance, Cu

(1

pgml - ' ) I1 213.598 nm and Lu (1 pgml - I )

I1

307.760nm were

used in the corresponding windows fo r such calibration purposes in this work.


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8

Section

I

The experimental results

show

that the shifts are actually less than + 2 p m for

five individual sca ns of the sam e line. Therefore th e accuracy of the estimated

wavelength for a peak in replicated scan should be less th an pm.


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SECTION

I1

References

1. Sheng Gu, Hai Ying, Zhigang Zhang, Zhixia Zhuang, Pengyuan Yang, Xiaoru

2.

Y. N akamura , K. Takahashi, 0 Kujirai and H. Okochi,

J .

Anal. Atom. Spectrosc.,

3. S.R. M arin, S.G. Cornejo and

L.

Arriagada, J .

Anal. Atom. Spectrosc.,

1994 9 93.

4. P.W .J.M . Boumans and A . Scheeline, Eds., Proceedings of a W orksh op: ‘Need for

Fundamental Atomic Reference Data for Analytical Spectroscopy’, Spectrochim.

Acta,

1988 43B No.1

Special Issue).

5. Aili Pei, Lianfang Shen, Jianhua Chen, Y uanzhu O uyang, Benli Hua ng, Dingzhao

Zhang,

An Atlas o Spectra of Mixtures

o

Rare Earth Elements,

Science Press,

Beijing, 1964 in Chinese).

6.

Zhenpeng Qian, Changqin W ang, Weihua C hen, A n Atla s of Spectra

o

Rare Earth

Elements

f o r

ICP-AES,

Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, 1984 in Chinese).

7. Deren Q iu, Wanxia Chen, Spectral Line Tables fo r a 2 k / m m and k /m m Grating

Spectrograph,

Shang hai Science and T echnology Press, Shangh ai, 1984 in Chinese).

8. M.L . Parsons, A. Foster and

D.

Anderson,

An Atlas

o

Spectral Interference in ICP

Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York and L ondo n, 1980.

9. R.W . Winge, V.A. Fassel, V.J. Peterson and M .J. Floyd,

Inductively Coupled Plasma

Ato mic Emission Spectroscopy An Atlas

o ’

Spectral Information,

Elsevier, Amster-

dam,

1985.

10.

P.W.J.M. Boumans,

Line Coincidence Tables o r Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic

Emission Spectrometry, Vols.

I

and I I , Pergamon Press, New York, 1980.

11.

P.W .J.M. Boumans, J.A. Tielooy and F.J.M .J. Maessen, Spectrochim. Acta, 1988

43B 173.

12. P.W.J.M. Boumans J.J.A.M. Vrakking and A.H.M. Heijms,

Spectrochim. Acta,

1988 43B 1365.

13. P.W .J.M. Boumans, He Zhizhuang, J.J.A.M . Vrakking, J.A. Tielrooy and F.J.M.J.

Maessen,

Spectrochim. Acta,

1989 44B 31

14. V. Kanick and J. Toma n,

ICP Information Newsletter,

1990 15 444.

15. N . Daskalova, S.Velichkov, N. Krasnobaeva an d P. Slavova,

Spectrochin?. Acta,

16.

N .

Das kalov a, S.Velichkov and P. Slavova,

Spectrochim. Acta,

1992 48B 1743.

17. A.A. G hazi , S Qamar and M .A. Atta,

Spectrochim. Acta,

1993 48B 1107.

18. A.A. G hazi ,

S

Qam ar and M.A. Atta,

Spectrochim. Acta,

1994 49B 527.

19. A.A. G hazi , S Qam ar and M.A. Atta, ICP Information Newsletter, 1995 20 627.

20. Bing Li, Min Yi, Zhigang Zhang, Xiaoru Wang, Pengyuan Yang, Zhixia Zhuang,

and Benli Huang,

Fenxi

iqi

Ceshi Tongxun (Analytica l Instruments Newsletter),

1996 61 63 in Chinese).

Wang, Benli Huan g and Bing Li,

Spectrochimica Acta,

1997 52B 1567.

1990 5 C3155.

1992 47B 1595.

9


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10 Section

21. Sheng Gu Pengyuan Y ang, Bing Li, Zhigang Zha ng, Xiaoru W ang, Guangpuxue y u

Guanpu Fenxi (Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis ), 1997, 17

2),

88 in Chinese).

22. Hai Ying, Pengyuan Yang, Zhigang Zhang, Sheng G u , Xiaoru Wang and Benli

Huang, Guangpuxue yu Guanpu Fenxi (Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis), 1998,

18 3 , 559 in Chinese).


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SECTION

111

Coincidence Tables (Alphabetical

Listing

by

Elements)

Table 111 1

Selectedprominent lines of

REEs

and their detection limits and BECs

obtained in the present

work

~~ ~~

Wavelength BEC CL Wavelength BEC CL

Element (nm) pg ml

)

pg ml ) EIement (nm) pgm1-l)

pgml-

9

Ce

I1

Ce I1

Ce

I1

Ce

I1

Ce

I1

Ce

I1

Dy

I1

Dy I1

Dy I1

Dy I1

E r I1

Er I1

E r I1

E r

I1

Eu I1

Eu I1

Eu

I1

Eu I1

Gd

I1

Gd I1

G d I1

Gd I1

Ho

I1

Ho I1

Ho I1

Ho

I1

La I1

La

I1

La I1

La I1

La

X

413.765

413.380

418.660

395.254

399.924

446.021

353.170

364.540

340.780

353.602

337.271

349.91

0

323.058

326.478

38 1.967

412.970

420.505

393.048

342.247

336.223

33 5.047

335.862

345.600

339.898

389.102

347.426

333.749

379.478

408.672

412.323

398.852

0.36

0.32

0.31

0.78

0.54

0.45

0.045

0.130

0.182

0.170

0.055

0.095

0.120

0.128

0.023

0.046

0.057

0.050

0.087

0.150

0.126

0.186

0.103

0.226

0.289

0.277

0.079

0.064

0.084

0.083

0.17

0.012

0.0

10

0.010

0.023

0.016

0.01

5

0.0014

0.004

0.057

0.0053

0.00 1 8

0.0032

0.0041

0.0044

0.0007

0.0014

0.0018

0.0016

0.0027

0.0046

0.0039

0.0058

0.0034

0.0088

0.012

0.01 1

0.0024

0.0019

0.0026

0.0025

0.0052

Lu

I1

Lu I1

Lu

I1

Lu I1

Nd I1

N d I1

Nd I1

Nd

I1

Nd

I1

Nd

I1

Pr I1

Pr

I1

Pr I1

Pr

I1

Sm I1

Sm

I1

Sm I1

Sm I1

T b I1

T b

I1

T b I1

T b I1

Tm I1

Tm I1

Tm 11

Tm I1

Y I1

Y I1

Y I1

Y I1

Y b I1

Y b I1

Y b I1

Yb I1

26 1.542

29 1.139

2 19.554

307.760

401.225

430.358

406.109

41 5.608

386.340

4 10.946

390.844

414.31

1

417.939

422.535

3 59.260

442.434

360.949

363.429

350.917

384.873

367.635

387.417

3 13.126

346.220

384.802

342.508

37 1.030

324.228

360.073

377.433

328.937

369.419

289.138

222.446

0.0056

0.062

0.064

0.065

0.25

0.41

0.31

0.54

0.59

0.41

0.56

0.72

0.78

0.80

0.19

0.33

0.25

0.38

0.200

0.534

0.4 16

0.66

0.045

0.058

0.072

0.079

0.01 1

0.018

0.016

0.016

0.0063

0.01

14

0.045

0.049

0.00017

0.0020

0.002 1

0.002

1

0.0078

0.013

0.010

0.018

0.0

18

0.012

0.0

18

0.023

0.025

0.026

0.006

0.011

0.0079

0.012

0.0063

0.018

0.014

0.023

0.0014

0.0018

0.0023

0.0026

0.00034

0.00056

0.00049

0.00047

0.00019

0.00034

0.0014

0.001 5

11


22/262

12

Section

111

Table 111-2.1 Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line C e

I I

395 254

nm

Analyte: Ce

Prominent line:

395.254

nm

Element Wavelength (nm)

AAka

(pm)

DY

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

395.175

395.192

39 5.202

39 5.244

395.256

395.260

395.281

395.312

395.174

395.184

395.252

395.263

395.293

39 5.249

395.345

395.198

395.241

395.257

395.308

395.345

395.21 1

395.266

395.286

395.303

395.339

395.173

395.183

395.215

395.227

395.241

395.248

395.266

395.282

395.300

395.338

395.350

9

2

2

0

+ 2

+ 6

+ 27

+

58

0

0

-2

+ 9

+

39

- 5

+

91

6

3

+ 3

+ 54

+

91

3

+

12

+

32

+

49

+ 85

-81

-71

9

7

3

-6

+

12

+

28

+46

+

84

+

96


A A k a

(pm)

Pr

395.178

395.193

395.2 15

395.232

395.245

395.288

395.305

395.312

395.350

395.357

Sm

395.163

395.167

395.189

395.21 3

395.232

395.240

395.263

395.290

395.316

395.333

Tb

395.170

395.186

395.211

395.239

395.257

395.285

395.298

395.3 11

395.337

Tm

Y

Yb

6

-61

9

2

-9

+

34

+

51

+

58

+

96

+

103

-91

7

5

-41

2

4

+ 9

+

36

+

62

+

79

4

8

3

5

+ 3

+

31

+

44

+

57

+ 83


23/262

Coincidence Tables 13

Table 111-2.2 Tables

of

interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line C e I I 399 924 n m

Analyte:

Ce

Prominent line: 399.924 nm

Element Wavelength (nm) A A k a (pm)


A A k a

(pm)

DY

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

399.841

399.858

399.891

399.9 13

399.923

399.934

399.963

399.982

399.998

399.920

399.932

399.954

400.0 10

399.847

399.882

399.950

399.999

399.9

16

399.961

400.000

399.837

399.877

399.884

399.9

1

1

399.947

399.964

3

6

3

-11

-1

+ 10

+ 39

+

58

+ 74

-4

+ 8

+ 30

+

86

7

2

+ 26

+

75

-8

+

37

+ 76

7

7

0

3

+ 23

+40

Nd 399.820

399.838

399.850

399.873

399.9 13

399.924

399.940

399.951

399.982

399.998

Pr 399.829

399.839

399.858

399.870

399.876

399.9 15

399.922

399.928

399.962

399.988

Sm 399.835

399.849

399.864

399.885

399.905

399.936

399.957

399.969

399.989

400.0 15

400.022

Tb 399.830

399.863

399.876

399.92 1

399.935

399.956

399.993

04

6

4

-51

1

O

+

16

+

27

+

58

+ 74

5

5

6

4

8

-9

-2

+ 4

+ 38

+ 64

9

5

0

9

9

+

12

+

33

+45

+ 65

+ 91

+98

4

-61

8

-3

+ 11

+ 32

+

69

Tm

Y

Y b


24/262

14 Sect ion

I I I

Table 111-2.3 Tab les of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line

Ce

I1413.380 nm

Anulyte:

C e


Element Wavelength (nm) A i k a (pm)

Element Wuvelength

(nm) A A k a

(pm)

DY

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

N d

413.294

413.321

413.335

413.351

413.386

41 3.414

413.444

413.475

413.340

413.395

413.402

4 13.461

413.477

413.314

413.342

413.408

413.416

413.316

413.349

413.416

413.323

413.388

413.412

413.439

41 3.45 1

413.486

413.331

413.299

413.312

413.333

413.351

413.369

413.399

413.430

41 3.438

4 13.440

4 13.449

41 3.476

6

9

5

9

+ 6

+ 34

+64

+ 95

0

+

15

+ 22

+ 81

+

97

6

8

+

28

+ 36

4

-31

+ 36

7

+ 8

+

32

+ 59

+ 71

+ 106

9

-81

8

7

.

29

1 1

+

19

+

50

+ 58

t 60

+

69

+

96

Pr

Sm

Tb

T m

Y

Y b

4 13.29 1

413.315

41 3.323

413.362

413.384

413.395

41 3.422

413.429

413.446

413.453

413.470

413.483

413.319

413.359

413.372

413.388

41 3.405

413.428

413.450

413.478

413.313

413.319

413.341

413.362

413.403

413.429

4 13.324

4 13.444

413.446

9

5

7

8

+ 4

+ 15

+

42

+49

+66

+73

+

90

+ 103

-61

-21

-8

+ 8

+25

+

48

+

70

+

98

7

-61

9

8

+

23

+

49

6

+

64

+ 66


25/262

Coincidence Tables

15

Table 111 2.4

Tables

of

interfering lines

o

the other

REEs

matrices adjacent to

the prominent line C e

I1413 765 nm

Analyte: Ce

Prominent line:

413.765

nm

Element Wavelength (nm) (pm)

DY

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

413.667

413.689

413.737

4

1

3.760

413.774

41 3.794

413.828

413.854

413.665

413.702

41 3.7 17

413.727

413.771

413.804

413.853

413.722

413.761

41 3.8 17

413.704

413.761

413.810

413.846

413.679

413.694

413.748

413.776

41 3.801

413.826

413.703

4 13.793

413.706

413.743

8

6

8

-5

+ 9

+

29

+

63

+ 89

00

3

8

8

+ 6

+

39

+ 88

3

-4

+

52

1

-4

+45

+ 81

6

1

7

+ 11

+

36

+

61

2

+

28

9

2


Nd

Pr

Sm

Tb

T m

Y

Y b

413.670

413.688

413.707

413.730

413.749

413.759

413.781

413.801

413.812

413.832

413.846

413.692

413.713

413.753

413.769

41 3.775

413.784

413.793

413.814

413.665

413.686

413.699

413.729

413.768

413.794

413.815

413.835

413.850

413.703

413.727

413.787

413.795

413.814

413.828

413.849

413.748

413.771

4 13.793

413.835

413.809

5

7

8

5

6

-6

+ 16

+

36

+

47

+

67

+

81

3

2

2

+ 4

+

10

+ 19

+28

+

49

00

9

6

6

+ 3

+

29

+ 50

+

70

+

85

2

8

+

22

+

30

+

49

+

63

+ 84

7

+ 6

+

28

+

70

+44


26/262

16 Section

I I I

Table

111 2.5

Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line Ce

I I

418.660

nm

Analyte: Ce

Prominent line:4 18.660

nm

Element Wavelength(nm)

A ,

(pm)

Element Wavelength(nm) (pm)

DY

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

L u

Nd

41 8.607

418.639

418.657

418.682

418.695

418.715

41 8.737

41 8.598

418.617

418.635

418.674

41 8.698

418.724

41 8.632

418.648

418.693

418.699

418.737

418.754

418.646

418.660

41 8.689

418.721

41 8.596

418.610

418.638

418.649

418.656

418.671

418.685

418.694

418.702

4 18.7 13

418.732

418.682

41 8.699

418.586

418.603

418.61 1

4 18.624

41 8.644

4 18.647

3

-21

-3

+

22

+

35

+ 55

+

77

2

3

5

+ 14

+ 38

+

64

8

2

+ 33

+

39

+

77

+

94

4

0

+

29

+

61

4

0

2

-11

-4

+

11

+

25

+ 34

+

42

+

53

+

72

+

22

+ 39

4

7

9

6

16

3

Nd 4 18.663

418.675

418.689

418.704

418.714

418.725

418.755

Pr

41 8.576

418.610

418.629

418.654

418.670

4 18.682

4 18.693

418.706

4 18.740

418.770

Sm

41 8.566

4 18.588

418.605

41 8.627

418.646

418.658

418.663

418.680

418.703

4 18.725

418.756

Tb 418.586

418.626

418.663

4 18.699

418.716

418.736

Tm 418.638

418.698

Y

418.632

418.689

418.734

Y b 418.682

4 18.690

418.709

+ 3

+ 15

+

29

+

44

+

54

+

65

+95

4

0

-31

-6

+ 10

+

22

+ 33

+ 46

+80

+ 110

4

2

5

3

4

-2

+ 3

+

20

+

43

+ 65

+96

4

4

+ 3

+39

+

56

+ 76

2

+ 38

8

+29

+ 74

+

22

+ 30

+49


27/262

Coincidence Tables

17

Table

111-2.6 Tables o interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent

to

the prom inent line Ce I I 446.021 n m

Analyte:

Ce

Prominent line:

446.02 1

nm

Element Wavelength

(nm) A , (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm) (pm)

DY

Er

ELI

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

445.939

445.969

44 5.984

446.006

446.021

446.03 1

446.06 3

446.070

446 .1 13

446.122

446.129

445.980

446.040

446.055

446.103

446.02 1

446.001

446.063

446.083

446.098

445.996

445.939

445.9 52

445.969

445.996

446.014

446.044

446.089

446.1 17

2

2

7

5

0

+

10

+ 42

+

49

+92

+ 101

+ 108

-41

+

19

+ 34

+

82

0

0

+

42

+

62

+ 77

5

2

9

2

5

-7

+

23

+

68

+

96

Pr 445.947

445.970

446.0 12

446.0 17

446.040

446.0 57

446.077

446.089

446.1 10

446.127

S m

445.977

445.99 1

446.064

446.088

T b 445.938

445.960

445.98 1

445.995

446.04 1

446.070

446.077

T m

445.997

Y

Yb

4

1

-9

- 4

+ 19

+ 36

+

56

+68

+

89

+ 106

4

0

+

43

+67

3

1

0

6

+ 20

+

49

+

56

4


28/262

18

Sect ion 111

Table 111 2.7 Tables o interfering lines

of

the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line

D y

I1340.780 n m

Analyte:Dy

Prominent line:

340.780 nm


A A k a

(pm) Element Wavelength (nm) A i k a (pm)

Ce

Er

ELI

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

340.724

340.746

340.762

340.807

340.823

340.698

340.720

340.776

340.816

340.833

340.842

340.861

340.764

340.797

340.822

340.845

340.861

340.870

340.753

340.774

340.858

340.723

340.775

340.820

340.695

340.772

340.700

340.707

340.724

340.736

340.755

340.793

340.826

340.853

6

4

8

+ 27

+ 43

2

0

-4

+

36

+

53

+62

+ 8 1

6

+ 17

+

42

+

65

+81

+

90

7

-6

+ 78

7

- 5

+

40

5

-8

0

3

6

4

5

+

13

+

46

+

73

Pr

Sm

Tb

T m

Y

Yb

340.702

340.714

340.725

340.749

340.766

340.778

340.794

340.826

340.842

340.857

340.701

340.72 3

340-737

340.760

340.778

340.802

340.829

340.858

340.708

340.727

340.757

340.779

340.799

340.841

340.860

340.708

340.7 19

340.736

340.747

340.790

340.770

340.853

8

6

5

-31

4

-2

+

14

+46

+

62

+

77

9

7

3

0

-2

+

22

+

49

+

78

2

3

3

- 1

+

19

+ 6 1

+

80

2

-61

4

3

+

10

0

+

73


29/262

Coincidence Tables

19

Table 111 2.8

Tables

o

interfering lines

o

the other

REEs


the prominen t line

D y

I I

353 170

n m

Analyze:

Dy

Prominent line:

353.170

nm

Element Wavelength

nm) ALk a pm)

Element Wavelength

nm) AAka pm)

Ce

Er

ELI

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

3 53.064

3 53.095

353.159

353.176

353.205

353.230

353.089

353.111

353.126

353.157

353.165

353.193

353.210

353.23 1

3 53.246

353.085

353.115

353.137

353.148

353.178

353.220

353.082

353.147

353.162

353.245

3 53.084

353.106

353.129

353.148

353.185

353.230

3 53.074

353.074

353.088

353.108

353.139

06

5

-11

+ 6

+ 35

+

60

-81

9

4

3

-5

+

23

+

40

+ 61

+

76

5

5

3

2

+ 8

+ 50

8

3

-8

+

75

6

4

-41

2

+ 15

+

60

6

6

2

2

-31

Nd 353.153

353.165

353.171

353.189

353.200

353.217

353.227

3 53.233

Pr 353.067

353.084

353.096

353.106

353.1 19

353.135

353.153

353.167

353.187

353.200

353.217

353.230

353.240

Sm 353.067

353.104

353.124

353.156

353.196

353.257

Tb

3 53.060

353.077

353.095

353.124

353.177

353.196

353.228

Tm 353.205

Y

Y b

353.07

1

353.1 19

353.132

353.191

7

-5

+ I

+

19

+

30

+

47

+

57

+ 63

03

6

4

4

-51

5

7

-3

+

17

+30

+47

+60

+

70

03

6

6

4

+26

+

87

10

3

5

6

+ 7

+

26

+

58

+ 35

9

-51

8

+21


30/262

20 Section I I I

Table

111-2.9 Tables o interfering lines of the other

REEs


the prominent line Dy

I1353.602 n

Analyte: Dy




C e

Er

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

353.517

3 53,527

353.560

353.576

3 53.599

3 53.646

353.664

353.512

353.541

353.582

353.591

353.60 1

353.637

353.650

353.657

353.670

353.546

353.592

3 53.620

353.638

353.653

353.667

353.673

353.684

3 53.528

353.542

353.573

353.609

353.621

353.652

353.697

353.517

353.532

353.555

353.592

353.624

353.682

353.541

3 53.625

5

5

2

6

-3

+

44

+

62

0

1

0

-11

-1

+

35

+

48

+

55

+

68

6

0

+

18

+

36

+

51

+ 65

+

71

+

82

4

0

9

+ 7

+

19

+ 50

+

95

5

0

7

10

+

22

+

80

-61

+

23

Lu 353.546

353.561

353.583

353.614

353.624

353.652

353.667

353.672

353.684

Nd 353.512

353.526

353.537

3 53.549

353.572

3 53.602

353.619

353.64 1

353.650

353.659

353.672

Pr

353.535

353.555

353.578

353.605

353.651

353.671

353.691

Sm 353.518

353.559

353.580

353.586

3 53.604

353.616

3 53.660

3 53.669

Tb

353.5 17

353.535

353.550

353.584

3 53.626

353.658

353.693

6

-41

9

+

12

+

22

+

50

+

65

+

70

+

82

0

6

5

3

0

0

+

17

+

39

+48

+ 57

+

70

7

7

4

+ 3

+

49

+

69

+

89

4

3

2

6

+ 2

+ 14

+ 58

+

67

5

7

2

8

+

24

+

56

+

91


31/262

Coincidence Tables

21

Tm 353.529

353.552

353.603

353.615

353.654

Y

353.567

353.606

353.670

353.685

353.691

3

Yb

353.549 3

0

353.590 2

+ l 3 53 .6 17 + 15

+

13

353.667

+

65

+ 52

353.684

+

82

5

4

+

68

+

83

+

89


32/262

22

Sect ion I I I

Table 111-2.10

Tables of interfering lines

of

the other

REEs


the prominent line D y

I 1

364.540 n m

Analyte: Dy

Prominent line:

364.540

nm

~~~


(pm)

Element Wavelength (nm) pm)

Ce 364.444

364.475

364.494

364.504

364.516

364.548

364.570

Er 364.464

364.496

364.524

364.538

364.596

364.625

Eu

364.453

364.476

364.505

364.528

364.550

364.582

364.595

364.6 17

Gd 364.446

364.510

364.53 1

364.561

364.619

Ho

364.536

364.589

La 364.542

Lu

6

Nd

5

6

6

4

+ 8

+

30

6

4

6

-2

+ 56

+

85

Pr

7

4

5

2

+

10

+

42

Sm

+ 55

+ 77

4

0

-9

+

21

+

79

-4

Tb

+

49

+ 2

T m

364.433

364.444

364.459

364.483

364.501

364.516

364.524

364.546

364.569

364.58 1

364.592

364.606

364.449

364.487

364.513

364.561

364.574

364.600

364.46

5

364.473

364.510

364.532

364.540

364.575

364.597

364.604

364.625

364.480

364.53

5

364.586

364.6 10

364.438

364.468

364.460

07

6

-81

7

9

4

6

+ 6

+

29

+41

+ 52

+

66

-91

3

7

+

21

+

34

+

60

5

7

0

-8

0

+

35

+

57

+ 64

+

85

0

-5

+

46

+

70

02

2

0

Y

Y b


33/262

Coincidence Tables

23

Table 111 2.11 Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line Er I1323.058 nm

Analyte: E r

Prominent line:323.058

nm

Element Wavelength

nm) AAka (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm) A A k a (pm)

Ce

323.003

323.019

323.071

323.124

DY 322.994

323.032

323.055

323.083

323.106

323.115

323.151

Eu 323.022

323.053

323.1 15

Gd

Ho 322.992

323.014

323.055

323.089

323.1 19

5

9

+ 13

+ 66

4

6

- 3

+25

+48

+ 57

+

93

6

-5

+ 57

6

4

- 3

+

31

+ 61

Pr 323.002 6

323.017 1

323.062 + 4

323.09 1 + 33

323.152 + 94

Sm 322.970 8

323.003 5

323.038 0

323.086 + 28

323.108 + 50

323.148 + 90

Tb

322.996 2

323.015 3

323.040 8

323.067

+ 9

323.099

+

41

323.148 + 90

La

Y

Tm 323.022 6

323.103

+

45

323.1 16 + 58

323.167

+

109

Lu 323.125

+

67

Yb

323.109 + 51

322.974 4

Nd 323.018 0

323.102 +44

323.139 + 81

323.150

+

92


34/262

Section 111

4

Table

111-2.12 Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent

to

the prominent line

Er I I

326.478 nm

Analyte:

Er

Prominent line: 326.478

nm

Element Wavelength

nm) A A k a (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm) AAka (pm)

Ce

DY

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

326.47 1

326.516

326.542

326.553

326.562

326.582

326.429

326.447

326.456

326.474

326.510

326.532

326.557

326.413

326.434

326.452

326.473

326.503

326.565

326.584

326.460

326.483

326.500

326.409

326.422

326.434

326.482

326.512

326.550

326.562

326.501

326.570

326.414

326.487

326.528

326.386

326.405

326.418

326.436

-7

+

38

+ 64

+ 75

+

84

+

104

9

-31

2

-4

+ 32

+

54

+

79

5

4

6

-5

+25

+ 87

+ 106

8

+ 5

+22

9

6

4

+ 4

+34

+72

+ 84

+ 23

+92

4

+ 9

+

50

2

3

0

2

Nd 326.464

326.493

326.5 15

326.53 1

326.543

326.555

326.560

326.587

Pr 326.405

326.423

326.463

326.482

326.49 1

326.520

326.541

326.559

326.564

Sm 326.41 8

326.429

326.454

326.494

326.55 1

326.560

326.571

326.592

Tb

326.433

326.465

326.487

326.507

326.562

326.573

T m 326.4 13

326.438

326.496

326.524

326.560

Y

Y b

326.487

326.500

326.583

4

+

15

+

37

+

53

+

65

+77

+ 82

+ 109

3

5

5

+ 4

+

13

+42

+63

+81

+

86

0

9

4

+

16

+

73

+

82

+93

+

114

5

3

+ 9

+ 29

+

84

+95

5

0

+ 18

+

46

+

82

+ 9

+ 22

+ 105


35/262

Coincidence T ables 25

Table

111 2.13

Tables of interfering lines of the other

REEs


the prominent line Er I I 337 271 n m

Analyte: Er

Prominent line:

337.271 nm

Element Wavelength (nm) AAka (pm)

Element Wavelength (nm) A ,

(pm)

Ce

DY

E u

Gd

Ho

La

L u

Nd

337.188

337.254

337.265

337.346

337.181

337.204

337.210

337.219

337.229

337.252

337.278

337.319

337.335

337.362

337.215

337.248

337.286

337.323

337.245

337.276

337.297

337.331

337.357

337.203

337.243

337.276

337.322

337.337

3 37.248

337.174

337.192

337.198

337.234

3 37.240

337.260

337.267

337.286

337.3 10

337.324

3

7

-6

+ 75

0

7

-61

2

2

9

+ 7

+

48

+

64

+

91

6

3

+

15

+

52

6

5

+ 26

+ 60

+ 86

8

8

+ 5

+

51

+

66

3

7

9

3

7

-31

1

-4

+ 15

+ 39

+ 53

Pr 337.182

337.196

337.213

337.25 1

337,272

337.320

Sm

337.187

337.194

337.215

337.240

337,252

337.272

337.288

337.3 11

337.335

337.346

337.376

Tb 337.177

337.203

337.236

337.259

337.270

3 37.324

337.334

337.349

Tm 337.226

337.287

337.3 13

Y

Yb 337.222

337.254

337.283

337.295

9

5

8

0

+ 1

+49

4

7

6

-31

9

+ l

+

17

+

40

+ 64

+ 75

+

105

4

8

5

2

-1

+

53

+

63

+

77

5

+ 16

+

42

9

7

+

12

+

24


36/262

26

Section

I I I

Table 111 2.14 Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominent line Er

I I 349.910

nm

Analyte:

Er

Prominent line:

349.910 nm

Element Wavelength

(nm) A L k a (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm)

A A k a

(pm)

C e

DY

Eu

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

349.8 55

349.868

349.902

349.930

349.93

8

349.962

349.978

349.999

349.860

349.871

349.894

349.914

349.93 1

349.94 1

349.962

349.978

349.993

350.000

349.8 57

349.909

349.933

349.971

349.987

349.861

349.9 15

349.9 39

349.9 58

349.9 70

350.012

349.8

8

8

349.938

350.003

349.923

349.962

349.974

349.986

349.834

349.849

349.858

349.872

349.890

349.897

5

2

-8

+20

+28

+ 52

+ 68

+

89

0

9

6

+ 4

+

21

+ 3 1

+ 52

+ 68

+ 83

+

90

3

-1

+23

+

61

+

77

9

+ 5

+29

+ 48

+ 60

+

102

2

+28

+

93

+ 13

+

52

+

64

+ 76

6

-61

2

8

0

3

Pr

Sm

Tb

T m

Y

Yb

349.908

349.920

349.932

349.964

349.979

349.99 1

349.835

349.850

349.863

349.884

349.907

349.958

349.98 8

350.00 1

349.851

349.860

349.874

349.90 5

349.927

349.984

350.018

349.826

349.840

349.850

349.864

349.892

349.899

349.9 18

349.925

349.949

349.969

349.990

349.922

349.937

349.977

349.992

350.0 10

349.860

349.864

349.936

349.963

349.984

-2

+ 10

+ 22

+ 54

+ 69

+

81

5

0

7

6

- 3

+

48

+

78

+91

9

0

6

-5

+

17

+

74

+

108

4

0

0

6

8

-11

+ 8

+

15

+ 39

+ 59

+80

+

12

+ 27

+

67

+

82

+

100

0

6

+

26

+

53

+ 74


37/262


Table

111 2.15

Tables of interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prominen t line Eu I I 381.967 nm

Analyte: Eu

Prominent line: 38 1.967 nm

Element Wavelength

(nm)

Aika (pm) Element Wavelength (nm) A (pm)

Ce

DY

Er

Gd

Ho

La

L u

381.881

38 1.902

381,914

381.953

382.000

382.055

38 1.920

38 1.944

38 1.997

38 1.895

38 1.913

38 1.933

38 1.958

38 1.972

38 1.996

382.018

382.035

382.054

38 1.934

38 1.949

381.974

38 1.986

382.018

382.064

38 1.933

38 1.944

381.983

382.004

382.048

38 1.980

38 1.892

38 1.912

38 1.919

38 1.948

38 1.975

38 1.980

38 1.987

382.037

382.076

6

5

3

4

+

33

+ 88

7

3

+

30

2

4

4

-9

+ 5

+ 29

+ 51

+ 68

+ 87

3

8

+ 7

+ 19

+ 51

+

97

4

3

+

16

+

37

+

81

+ 13

5

5

8

9

+ 8

+ 13

+ 20

+ 70

+ 109

Nd

Pr

Sm

Tb

T m

Y

Y b

381.886

38 1.898

381.910

38 1.925

38 1.954

38 1.970

38 1.979

38 1.998

382.024

382.047

382.077

38 1.907

38 1.946

38 1.965

38 1.991

382.001

382.021

382.065

38 1.916

38 1.940

38 1.992

382.007

382.034

382.043

382.055

381.877

381.91

5

38 1.932

381.942

38 1.962

38 1.997

382.018

382.057

381.982

-81

9

7

2

3

+ 3

+ 12

+ 31

+

57

+ 80

+ 110

0

1

-2

+

24

+

34

+

54

+98

-51

7

+ 25

+40

+

67

+

76

+

88

0

2

5

5

-5

+ 30

+

51

+

90

+ 15


38/262

28 Section I I I

Table

111-2.16 Tables

of

interfering lines of the other

REEs

matric es adjacent to

the prom inent line Eu I1

393 048

nm

Analyte: Eu


Element Wavelength (nm) A a

(pm)


Ce

DY

Er

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

393.023

393.102

393.137

392.942

392.962

392.997

393.014

393.063

393.077

393.091

393.128

392.960

393.006

393.026

393.043

393.066

393.093

393.010

393.05 1

393.066

393.084

393.124

392.976

393.051

393.075

393.097

393.036

392.934

392.943

392.956

392.975

392.992

393.005

393.023

393.048

393.095

393.108

393.119

5

+

54

+

89

06

6

-51

4

+ 15

+ 29

+ 43

+

80

8

2

2

- 5

+

18

+45

8

+ 3

+ 18

+ 36

+ 76

2

+ 3

+

27

+

49

12

-114

05

2

3

6

3

5

0

+

47

+

60

+ 71

Pr

Sm

Tb

Tm

Y

Y b

392.932

392.980

393.01 1

393.030

393.054

393.064

393.084

393.108

392.978

392.990

393.004

393.026

393.048

393.058

393.093

393.1 10

392.932

392.964

392.984

393.006

393.01

5

393.031

393.070

393.084

393.100

392.958

393.0 10

393.066

-116

8

7

8

+ 6

+ 16

+

36

+

60

0

8

4

2

0

+

10

+45

+ 62

-116

4

4

2

3

7

+

22

+ 36

+

52

0

8

+ 18


39/262

Coincidence

Tab

es 29

Table 111-2.17

Tables of interfering Lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prom inen t Line Eu

I1 412.970

nm

Analyte:

Eu

Prominent

line: 412.970 nm

Element Wavelength

(nm) (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm)

A i k a

(pm)

Ce

DY

Er

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

412.909

412.918

412.944

412.974

413.071

41 2.9 12

412.942

412.987

412.998

413.035

413.041

412.912

412.952

4 12.976

412.989

413.052

41 2.95 1

412.962

413.037

412.886

412.923

412.971

4 12.990

412.997

413.014

413.049

413.053

412.887

412.895

4 12.906

4 12.925

412.954

412.979

412.985

413.009

413.033

413.043

413.072

-61

2

6

+ 4

+ 101

8

8

+ 17

+28

+

65

+ 71

8

8

+ 6

+

19

+

82

9

-8

+

67

4

7

+ 1

+

20

+ 27

+

44

+

79

+ 83

3

5

4

5

6

+ 9

+ 15

+

39

+

63

+

73

+ 102

Pr 412.9 15

4 12.941

4 12.962

412.975

413.019

413.045

413.073

Sm

412.918

412.948

412.977

412.999

413.020

413.035

413.046

41 3.060

Tb

4 12.896

4 12.923

4 12.940

412.951

412.959

412.977

412.987

4 12.999

413.045

413.063

Tm

Y

Y b

~~

5

9

-8

+ 5

+ 49

+

75

+ 103

2

2

+ 7

+

29

+

50

+

65

+

76

+

90

4

7

0

9

-11

+ 7

+ 17

+

29

+

75

+

93


40/262

30

Section ZZZ

Table 111-2.18 Tables o interfering lines of the other REEs matrices adjacent to

the prom inent line Eu I1420.505 n m

Analyte:

Eu

Prominent

line:

420.505 nm

Element Wavelength

(nm) A A k a (pm)

Ce

DY

Er

Gd

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

420.397

420.474

420.516

420.550

420.579

420.458

420.503

420.506

420.524

420.544

420.564

420.61 1

420.408

420.4 19

420.460

420.506

420.527

420.556

420.491

420.438

420.462

420.483

420.500

420.534

420.547

420.557

420.587

420.404

420.430

420.464

420.560

420.421

420.525

420.534

420.563

420.577

420.406

420.434

420.453

420.463

420.482

08

-31

+

11

+ 45

+ 74

7

-2

+ 1

+

19

+ 39

+ 59

+ 106

7

6

5

I

+

22

+

51

4

7

3

2

- 5

+

29

+ 42

+ 52

+ 82

01

5

-41

+

55

4

+ 20

+ 29

+

58

+

72

9

1

2

2

3

Element Wavelength

(nm) AAka (pm)

Nd 420.505

420.520

420.529

420.560

Pr 420.405

420.4 17

420.43 1

420.457

420.472

420.479

420.493

420.5 12

420.533

420.572

420.588

Sm 420.407

420.4 18

420.450

420.463

420.47 1

420.48 1

420.494

420.508

420.538

420.579

420.584

Tb 420.398

420.410

420.43 1

420.440

420.466

420.476

420.5

15

420.529

420.543

420.564

T m

Y 420.470

420.577

Yb

420.457

420.550

420.580

0

+

15

+ 24

+

55

00

8

4

8

3

6

2

+ 7

+

28

+

67

+

83

8

7

5

2

4

4

-11

+ 3

+

33

+

74

+

79

07

5

4

5

9

9

+ 10

+

24

+

38

+

59

5

+

72

8

+

45

+

75


41/262

Coincidence Tables

31

Table 111 2.19

Tables

o

interfering lines

o

the other

REEs


the prominen t line Gd

I I

335.047

n m

Analyte:

Gd

Prominent line:

335.047

nm

Element Wavelength

(nm)

AAka (pm)


(pm)

Ce

334.935

334.954

334.997

335.029

335.058

335.075

335.094

DY 334.976

334.991

335.007

335.027

335.042

335.052

335.066

335.081

335.095

335.1 13

335.127

Er 334.940

334.961

334.969

334.9 85

33 5.009

33 5.027

33 5.047

33 5.098

335.116

Eu

334.960

334.968

334.980

33 5.006

335.026

3 35.047

3 35.062

335.103

335.115

Ho

334.967

334.991

335.015

3 35.049

335.103

335.113

-112

3

0

8

+

11

+

28

+

46

1

6

0

0

- 5

5

+

19

+

34

+

48

+ 66

+

80

07

6

8

2

8

0

0

+ 51

+

69

7

9

7

-41

-21

0

+

15

+

56

+ 68

0

6

2

+ 2

+

56

+ 66

La 334.990

Lu

334.992

335.036

Nd

334.9 56

334.974

335.0 18

335.038

335.054

335.080

335.106

335.118

Pr

334.947

334.965

334.996

335.028

335.048

335.058

335.098

335.110

Sm 334.948

334.968

334.979

334.984

335.016

335.029

335.039

3 35.047

335.088

335.128

335.137

Tb

334.942

334.990

335.012

335.040

335.053

335.063

335.100

335.1 16

335.144

7

5

-11

-91

3

9

-9

+ 7

+ 33

+ 59

+

71

100

2

1

9

+ 1

+ 11

+ 51

+

63

9

9

8

3

1

8

-8

0

+

41

+ 8 1

+

90

05

7

5

-7

+ 6

+

16

+

53

+

69

+

97


42/262

32 Section 111

Tm 335

OOO

1 Y

335.036

-11

335.018 + 31 Yb 334.997 0

335.1

12

+ 65 335.106 + 59


43/262


Table 111 2.20


of

the other

REEs


the prom inent line Gd

I133.5.862

n m

Analyte:

Gd

Prominent line:

335.862

nm


A a

(pm) Element Wavelength nm)

A , (pm)

Ce

DY

Er

Eu

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

335.79 1

335.843

335.849

3 35.942

335.818

335.827

335.852

335.895

335.946

335.817

335.838

335.859

335.885

335.906

335.914

335.774

335.81 1

335.837

335.851

33 5.860

335.889

335.935

33 5.964

335.817

335.852

3 35.874

335.969

-71

9

3

+ 80

4

5

0

+

33

+ 84

5

4

-3

+ 23

+ 44

+

52

8

-51

5

1

-2

+

27

+

73

+

102

5

0

+ 12

+ 107

Pr 335.825

335.832

335.848

335.866

335.905

335.928

33 5.945

33 5.970

335.973

Sm

335.827

335.839

335.855

335.878

335.903

335.916

Tb 335.819

335.836

335.848

335.870

335.897

3 35.928

335.955

Tm

Y

Yb

7

0

4

+ 4

+ 43

+66

+83

+ 108

+111

5

3

-7

+

16

+41

+ 54

3

6

4

+ 8

+

35

+ 66

+93


44/262

34

Section III

Table

111-2.21 Tables of interfering lines of the other

REEs


the prom inent line G d I1336 223 nm

~ ~ ~ ~ _ _ _ _ _ ~ ~

Analyte:

Gd

Prominent line:

336.223 nm

Element Wavelength (nm) A i k a

(pm)

Element Wavelength (nm) A

(pm)

Ce

DY

Er

E u

Ho

La

Lu

Nd

336.155

336.176

336.325

336.173

336.191

336.202

336.217

336.235

336.259

336.271

336.290

336.317

336.324

336.338

336.144

336.164

336.189

3 36.222

336.230

336.267

3 36.299

336.313

336.225

336.164

336.183

336.198

336.240

336.282

336.163

336.195

336.224

336.228

336.155

336.173

336.200

336.226

336.240

8

6

+ 102

0

2

-21

- 6

+ 12

+ 36

+ 48

+ 67

+

94

+

101

+1 1 5

9

9

4

-1

+ 7

+

44

+

76

+

90

+ 2

9

0

5

+

17

+

59

0

8

+ 1

+ 5

8

0

3

+ 3

+

17

Nd 336.272

336.308

336.314

Pr

336.168

336.181

3 36.202

336.213

336.233

336.253

336.271

336.303

336.309

336.3 18

336.327

Sm 336.143

336.176

336.191

336.199

336.215

336.236

336.279

336.3 11

Tb

336.143

336.18 1

336.187

336.205

336.249

336.257

336.273

336.307

Tm 336.191

336.223

336.261

Y 336.189

336.220

Yb 336.218

336.237

336.285

+49

+

85

+

91

5

2

1

0

+ 10

+ 30

+48

+ 80

+

86

+

95

+ 104

0

7

2

4

-8

+ 13

+

56

+ 88

0

2

6

8

+ 26

+ 34

+ 50

+

84

2

O

+

38

4

- 3

- 5

+

14

+ 62


45/262

Coincidence Tah es 35

Table 111-2.22 Tables of interfering lines of the other

REEs


the prom inent line

Gd I1342.247 nm

Analyte: Gd

Prominent line:

342.247

nm


A a

(pm)

Element Wavelength (nm) A a (pm)

Ce 342.173

342.222

342.242

342.25 1

342.273

342.323

4

5

- 5

+ 4

+ 26

+ 76

Lu

Nd

342.353

+

106

342.178

342.188

342.20

5

342.223

342.235

342.248

342.289

342.317

9

9

2

4

2

I

+

42

+

70

DY

342.168

342.187

342.2 13

342.239

342.245

342.257

342.288

342.307

342.3 18

9

0

4

-8

-2

+ 10

+

41

+

60

+ 71

Pr

342.206

342.224

342.253

342.264

342.283

342.292

-41

3

+ 6

+ 17

+ 36

+

45

2

6

6

0

+ 14

+ 39

+ 91

Er 342.165

342.201

342.221

342.237

342.26 1

342.286

342.338

Sm

342.152

342.164

342.178

342.197

342.206

342.225

342.265

342.285

342.302

342.320

5

3

9

0

-41

2

+ 18

+

38

+

55

+

73

Eu

342.171

342.201

342.222

342.240

342.259

342.308

342.354

6

6

5

-7

+ 12

+

61

+

107

342.162

342.185

342.198

342.231

342.242

342.261

342.298

342.3 32

5

2

9

6

- 5

+ 14

+ 51

+ 85

Tb

Ho 342.163

342.2

1

1

342.247

342.273

342.3 17

342.328

4

6

0

+

26

+

70

+ 81

Tm 342.170

342.179

342.333

7

8

+

86

a

342.244 -3

Y

Y b

Lu

342.238

342.258

342.3 16

-9

+ 11

+ 69

342.350 +

103


46/262

36

Section I I I

Table 111-2.23


of

the other

REEs

matrice s adjacent to

the prominent line H o I133 9.898

nrn

Analyte:

Ho

Prominent line:

339.898

nm


A , (pm)

Element Wavelength

(nm) (pm)

Ce

339.841

339.864

339.872

339.893

339.924

339.935

339.947

339.983

DY 339.804

339.816

339.832

339.863

339.882

339.912

339.936

339.957

339.967

Er 339.815

339.832

339.868

339.876

339.921

339.935

339.962

339.882

Eu 339.863

3 39.896

339.987

339.998

Gd

339.849

339.892

339.919

339.937

339.995

La 339.837

Lu 339.894

339.974

7 Nd

4

6

-5

+ 26

+

37

+49

+

84

4 Pr

2

6

5

6

+

14

+

59

+

69

Sm

+

3a

3

6

0

2

6

+ 23

+

37

+

64

5

-2

+ 89

+

100

Tb

9

-6

+

21

+

39 Tm

+

97

-61

-4 Y

+

76

Y b

339.842

339.865

339.870

339.888

339.909

339.926

339.937

339.945

339.835

339.880

339.899

339.936

339.945

339.968

339.991

339.813

339.844

339.880

339.897

339.927

339.939

339.947

339.956

339.984

339.838

339.865

339.889

339.907

339.93 1

339.952

339.973

339.994

339.810

339.921

339.979

339.995

339.880

6

3

8

0

+ 11

+

28

+

39

+

47

3

8

+ 1

+

38

+

47

+

70

+

93

5

4

8

-1

+ 29

+

41

+

49

+

58

+

86

0

3

-9

+ 9

+

33

+ 54

+ 75

+

96

8

+

23

+

81

+

97

8


47/262


Table 111 2.24

Tables of interfering lines of the other

REEs


the prominent line H o I I

345.600

nm

Analyte:

H o

Prominent line:

345.600 nm

Element Wavelength

(nm) (pm)

Ce

DY

Er

E u

Gd

La

L u

N d

345.49 1

345.547

345.603

345.634

345.667

345.677

345.488

345.508

345.528

345.551

345.601

345.615

345.656

345.487

345.523

345.596

345.656

345.675

345.512

345.528

345.557

345.605

345.624

345.669

345.514

345.529

345.579

345.591

345.645

345.665

345.656

345.479

345.501

345.522

345.531

09

3

+ 3

+ 34

+ 67

+ 77

-112

2

2

9

1

+ 15

+

56

-113

7

-4

+ 56

+

74

8

2

3

5

+

24

+

69

6

-71

1

-9

+ 45

+

65

+ 56

21

9

8

9

Element Wavelength

(nm) (pm)

Nd 345.548

345.580

345.600

345.606

345.620

345.649

345.670

Pr 345.523

345.549

345.578

345.597

345.625

345.658

Sm

345.522

345.550

345.574

345.585

345.596

345.61 1

345.643

345.660

Tb 345.503

345.525

345.537

345.551

345.575

345.598

345.608

345.635

.

345.655

T m

345.523

345.582

345.598

345.630

Y

Yb 345.617

2

0

0

+ 6

+20

+

49

+ 70

7

-51

2

-3

+25

+

58

8

0

6

5

-4

+ 11

+ 43

+ 60

7

5

3

9

5

-2

+ 8

+ 35

+

Documents

Huang - An Atlas Of High Resolution Spectra Of Rare Earth Elements For Icp-Aes (2000).pdf