Developments on the Front End of Your ICP Optimizing Performance and Reliability of ICP-AES and ICP-MS

Glass Expansion

Developments on Developments on the Front End of the Front End of

Your ICPYour ICP

Optimizing Performance and Optimizing Performance and Reliability of ICP-AES and Reliability of ICP-AES and

ICP-MSICP-MS

Glass Expansion

ICP Sample Intro ICP Sample Intro AdvancesAdvances

• Advances in Concentric Glass Advances in Concentric Glass nebulizersnebulizers

• Low-Flow & Microflow nebulizersLow-Flow & Microflow nebulizers• Advances in Cyclonic Spray Advances in Cyclonic Spray

ChambersChambers• New RF CoilsNew RF Coils

ICP Front-end Developments

Glass Expansion

Concentric Glass Concentric Glass NebulizersNebulizers

• Self-aspirating via Bernoulli principleSelf-aspirating via Bernoulli principle• High precisionHigh precision• Small mean droplet sizeSmall mean droplet size• Small orificesSmall orifices• Not applicable to all samplesNot applicable to all samples


Glass Expansion

VitriCone™ CapillaryVitriCone™ Capillary


Glass Expansion

Concentric Glass Concentric Glass NebulizersNebulizers

Internal Capillary ComparisonInternal Capillary Comparison

• Rugged thick-walled Rugged thick-walled conical constructionconical construction

• Machined from Machined from heavy stockheavy stock

• Uniform internal Uniform internal channelchannel

• Nebulizer conformityNebulizer conformity

• Thin-walled Thin-walled capillarycapillary

• Drawn glass from Drawn glass from tubingtubing

• Variable internal Variable internal channelchannel

VitriCone Drawn Capillary


Glass Expansion

Nebulizer SpecificationsNebulizer Specifications


Glass Expansion

Nebulizer MaintenanceNebulizer MaintenanceEluo™ Nebulizer CleanerEluo™ Nebulizer Cleaner

• Rugged plastic constructionRugged plastic construction• Large volume barrelLarge volume barrel• Nebulizer locking mechanismNebulizer locking mechanism• Remove stubborn clogsRemove stubborn clogs• Maintain with daily cleaningMaintain with daily cleaning


Glass Expansion

Low-Flow NebulizersLow-Flow Nebulizers

• Small mean Small mean droplet sizedroplet size

• Reduced solvent Reduced solvent in the plasmain the plasma

• Increased Increased sampling sampling efficiencyefficiency

• Reduced oxide Reduced oxide formationformation

• Increased Increased efficiency of efficiency of excitation and excitation and ionizationionization


Glass Expansion

Applications of Low-Flow Applications of Low-Flow NebulizersNebulizers

• Limited sample volumesLimited sample volumes• Volatile samplesVolatile samples• Reduced oxide interferences in ICP-Reduced oxide interferences in ICP-

MSMS• Expensive waste disposalExpensive waste disposal• ICP-MS-LC interfaceICP-MS-LC interface


Glass Expansion

Comparison of Nebulizer Comparison of Nebulizer EfficiencyEfficiency


%EFFICIENCY

UPTAKE RATE (ML/MIN)

Glass Expansion

Comparison of Nebulizer Comparison of Nebulizer SignalSignal

• 0.050ml/min uptake0.050ml/min uptake• 50% efficient50% efficient• .025ml/min in the .025ml/min in the

plasmaplasma• .025ul/min to waste.025ul/min to waste

• 2ml/min uptake2ml/min uptake• 2% efficient2% efficient• .040ul/min in the .040ul/min in the

plasmaplasma• 1.96 ml/min to 1.96 ml/min to

wastewaste


Glass Expansion

Range of Low-Flow Range of Low-Flow NebulizersNebulizers

• 0.0500.050• 0.1000.100• 0.2000.200• 0.4000.400• 0.6000.600

• Glass - Glass - MicroMist™MicroMist™

• PFA - OpalMist™PFA - OpalMist™• Polyimide - Polyimide -

PolyCon™PolyCon™

Uptake Rates (ml/min) Composition


Glass Expansion

Cyclonic Spray ChambersCyclonic Spray Chambers

• Quickly removes Quickly removes large dropletslarge droplets

• Less opportunity Less opportunity for agglomeration for agglomeration of small dropsof small drops

• Improved Improved homogeneity of homogeneity of sample mistsample mist

• Greater efficiencyGreater efficiency


Glass Expansion

Spray Chamber MechanismSpray Chamber MechanismCyclonicCyclonic


Glass Expansion

Twister Cyclonic Spray Twister Cyclonic Spray ChamberChamber

• Internal baffle further Internal baffle further filters droplet sizefilters droplet size

• Slightly less efficientSlightly less efficient• Smaller mean droplet Smaller mean droplet

size decreases noisesize decreases noise• Baffle height Baffle height

precisely controlledprecisely controlled


Glass Expansion

Decreased Dead Volume Decreased Dead Volume Spray Chamber AdaptorSpray Chamber Adaptor

• Inert plastic Inert plastic materialmaterial

• Nebulizer port Nebulizer port oversizedoversized

• No opportunity for No opportunity for solution poolingsolution pooling


Glass Expansion

Helix O-ring Free Spray Helix O-ring Free Spray Chamber Chamber

• PFA ferrule seals spray chamberPFA ferrule seals spray chamber• Solution contacts only PFA and glassSolution contacts only PFA and glass• Available for all glass spray chambersAvailable for all glass spray chambers• Even less opportunity for poolingEven less opportunity for pooling


Glass Expansion

New RF CoilsNew RF Coils

• Available in 3 Available in 3 surfacessurfaces– Copper (base) for Copper (base) for

economyeconomy– Silver plated for Silver plated for

efficient RF transferefficient RF transfer– Gold plated for Gold plated for

corrosion resistancecorrosion resistance


Glass Expansion

Specifications of a “Good” Specifications of a “Good” RF CoilRF Coil

• RoundnessRoundness• Appropriate coatingAppropriate coating• Application of the coatingApplication of the coating• Coil spacingCoil spacing• Proper installation and alignmentProper installation and alignment


Glass Expansion

RF CoilsRF CoilsInstallation & Alignment KitInstallation & Alignment Kit

• Alignment “jig”Alignment “jig”• All tools requiredAll tools required

CD ROM with graphical instructions


Glass Expansion

Benefits of Using a Benefits of Using a “Good” Coil“Good” Coil

• Longer life of PA tube and FET’sLonger life of PA tube and FET’s• Longer life of torchesLonger life of torches• Potentially higher intensities for Potentially higher intensities for

“hard” lines“hard” lines• Improved ionization for refractoriesImproved ionization for refractories


Glass Expansion

Choosing the Right Choosing the Right PartsParts

• ConikalConikal• MicroMistMicroMist• SlurrySlurry• SeaSpraySeaSpray• Quartz VeeSprayQuartz VeeSpray• PolyConPolyCon• OpalMistOpalMist• Ceramic VeeSprayCeramic VeeSpray

• TraceyTracey• TwisterTwister• CinnabarCinnabar• TwinnabarTwinnabar Borosilicate glassBorosilicate glassQuartzQuartzHF ResistantHF ResistantJacketedJacketed


Glass Expansion

Selection Guides

Simplify

The process

Of choosing

The correct

Parts for each

Application

Glass Expansion

Nebulizer Selection for Nebulizer Selection for HFHF


Glass Expansion

Nebulizer Selection for Nebulizer Selection for non-HF non-HF


Glass Expansion

Spray Chamber Selection Spray Chamber Selection (Organics)(Organics)


Glass Expansion

Spray Chamber Selection Spray Chamber Selection (Aqueous)(Aqueous)


Documents

Developments on the Front End of Your ICP Optimizing Performance and Reliability of ICP-AES and ICP-MS