How to Computer

  • Upload
    dougnew

  • View
    223

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    1/112

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    2/112

    F A Q ....................................................................................................................... 81.1. A PC ............................................................................................................ 81.2. 64 OS 3.4GB ............................................................................................................. 8

    1.3. I PCI E , ..................................................................................................... 81.4. R , ......................................................................................................... 81.5. U T ........................................................................................................................... 8

    CPUS ............................................................................................................................................................ 92.1. W ? ........................................................................................................................................ 92.2. T ..................................................................................................................................... 9

    2.2.1. C , . ............................................................................................. 92.2.2. FSB, . ............................................................................................................. 102.2.3. C ...................................... ................................................................................................. 112.2.4. S ..................................... ................................................................................................. 112.2.5. S , , , , ................................................................. 122.2.6. HT, SSE, , ,

    ................................................................................................................................................ 142.2.7. TDP, . ........................................................................................... 152.2.8. O I . ........................................................................... 16

    2.3. W . ................................................................................................................ 162.3.1. I . ..................................................................................................... 162.3.2. AMD . ..................................................................................................... 18

    2.4. M CPU . .......................................................................................................... 192.4.1. P . ............................................................................................................... 192.4.2. S . . .................................................................................... 202.4.3. M . ........................................................................................................................... 20

    MOTHERBOARDS ...................................................................................................................................... 213.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 213.2. T . .................................................................................................................................. 21

    3.2.1. BIOS. ........................................................................................................................................ 213.2.2. C . .................................................................................................................................. 223.2.3. N , S , , ... .................... 223.2.4. M . .............................................................................................. 223.2.5. S , , . ..................................................................................................... 233.2.6. E . ....................................................................................................................... 233.2.7. S . .......................................................................................................................... 24

    3.2.8. R . ..................................................................................................................... 243.2.9. O ........................................................................................... 283.2.10. F .......................................................................................................................... 283.2.11. P . ........................................................................... 30

    3.3. M . .................................................................................................................... 313.3.1. I . ............................................................................ 313.3.2. AMD . ........................................................................... 313.3.3. S . ....................................................................................... 32

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    3/112

    3.3.4. (ITX ) .................................... 323.4. S . .................................................................................................. 32

    3.4.1. M . .............................................................................................. 333.4.2. T . .................................................................................................................. 33

    GRAPHICS CARDS ...................................................................................................................................... 344.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 344.2. T . .................................................................................................................................. 34

    4.2.1. G . ................................................................................................................... 344.2.2. C ...................................................................................................................................... 364.2.3. GPU ........................................................................................................................................ 364.2.4. 3D API ............................................................................................................................. 424.2.5. G ............................................................................... 434.2.7. HDCP ........................................................................................................ 46

    4.3. I ......................................................................... 474.3.1. AGP.......................................................................................................................................... 474.3.2. PCI ........................................................................................................................................... 47

    4.3.3. PCI E 1 ......................................................................................................................... 474.3.4. PCI E 16 ....................................................................................................................... 474.3.5. PCI E 2.0 16 ................................................................................................................. 484.3.6. USB ( ) ...................................................................................................... 48

    4.4. OMG HOW DO I GET TEH MOST FPS IN COUNTERSTRIKE ............................................................. 484.5. A , , ................... 484.6. D , , . ................................................................................................................. 49

    4.6.1. W .................................................................................. 49

    SOUND CARDS........................................................................................................................................... 505.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 50

    5.2. T ................................................................................................................................... 505.2.1. C .................................................................................................................................. 505.2.2. S ............................................................................................................................. 505.2.3. D ................................................................................................................ 515.2.4. C ................................................................................................................................... 515.2.5. SNR ( ) ...................................................................................................... 515.2.6. P ........................................................................................................................................ 515.2.7. I ................................................................................................................................ 51

    5.3. M ..................................................................................................................... 525.3.1. C L ........................................................................................................................... 525.3.2. M A .................................................................................................................................. 525.3.3. T B /V .............................................................................................................. 525.3.4. A ........................................................................... 53

    5.4. P .................................................................................................................................. 535.4.1. 1/8 ( ) ................................................................ 535.4.2. S/PDIF ..................................... ................................................................................................. 535.4.3. R (XLR, 1/4 , ) ................................................................................ 535.4.4. P .............................................................................................................................. 54

    5.5. I ..................................................................................................... 545.5.1. A ? ............................................................................................... 54

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    4/112

    5.5.2. W ......................................................................................................................... 54

    POWER SUPPLY UNITS .............................................................................................................................. 556.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 556.2. T ................................................................................................................................... 55

    6.2.1 T ( ) ................................................................................... 556.2.2. W ....................................................................................................................................... 566.2.3. PFC .......................................................................................................................................... 576.2.4. PSU ............................................................................................................................. 576.2.5. P ........................................................................................................................................ 586.2.6. E ................................................................................................................................. 606.2.7. V ............................................................... 606.2.8. P . . ................................................................................ 616.2.9. R / ......................................................................................................... 616.2.10. V , , ....................................................................................... 636.2.11. P WITHIN ................................................................................... 636.2.12. R ................................................................................................... 64

    6.2.13. I , , ............................................................................... 646.2.14. H ......................................................................................................................... 656.2.15. P ................................................................................................................. 656.2.16. M .................................................................................... 656.2.17 MTBF ( ) .......................................................................................... 66

    6.3. M ..................................................................................................................... 666.3.1. R ........................... 666.3.2. S ............................................................................................................................... 666.3.3. S .................................................................................................................................. 666.3.4. Z .................................... 666.3.5. T ............................................................................................................................ 67

    6.3.6. A ....................................................................................................................................... 676.3.7. OCZ ............................................................................... 676.3.8. A ......................................................................................................................... 676.3.9. A ..................................................................................................................................... 676.3.10. I C C L ........................................................................................ 676.3.11. PC P & C .............................................................................................................. 68

    6.4. E UPS, , , . ....................................................... 686.4.1. UPS .......................................................................................................................................... 686.4.2. P ....................................................................................................................... 686.4.3. S ................................................................................................................... 686.4.4. O ............................................................................................... 69

    6.5. T .................................................................................................................. 696.5.1. W ........................................................................................................ 696.5.2. W 10% PSU ............................................... 69

    6.6. I I ! C .............................................. 70

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    5/112

    HARD DRIVES ............................................................................................................................................ 717.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 717.2. T ................................................................................................................................... 71

    7.2.1. C , , ....................................................... 717.2.2. I ................................................................................................................................ 717.2.3. RPM ......................................................................................................................................... 737.2.4. C ...................................... ................................................................................................. 747.2.5. A , , , ................................................................................... 747.2.6. F ............................................................................................................................ 747.2.7. W .............................................. 757.2.8. . SSD ( ) ..................................................................... 75

    7.3. M ..................................................................................................................... 757.3.1. W D ....................................................... 767.3.2. S .................................................................................................................................... 767.3.3. S .................................................................................................................................. 767.3.4. S .................................................................................................................................... 767.3.5. F .................................... .................................................................................................. 76

    7.4. E ................................................................................................................................ 767.4.1. I . .......................................................................... 777.4.2. I . .......................................................................................... 777.4.3. F ? ........................................................................................................... 77

    7.5. T .................................................................................................................. 777.6. RAID .................................................................................................................... 787.7. P . OS ................................................ 78

    RAM (MEMORY) ...................................... .................................................................................................. 798.1. W ? ...................................................................................................................................... 798.2. T ................................................................................................................................... 79

    8.2.1. T RAM .......................................................................................................................... 798.2.2. C ................................................................................................................................... 828.2.3. S ...................................................................................................................................... 828.2.4. T ..................................................................................................................................... 828.2.5. V .................................................................................................................................... 848.2.6. H ......................................................................................................................... 858.2.7. W .................................................................. 858.2.8. B / .............................................................................................................. 858.2.9. R / ......................................................................................................... 858.2.10. ECC? W ? ................................................................................................................. 858.2.11. , , .......................................................................................... 85

    8.3. M ..................................................................................................................... 868.3.1. G.SKILL .................................... 868.3.2. K ........................... 868.3.3. OCZ .......................................................................................................................................... 868.3.4. C ..................................................................................................................................... 878.3.5. M .................................................................................................................................. 878.3.6. P ..................................................................................................................................... 87

    8.4. T .......................................................................................................... 878.5. W NEVER 1 XP/2 V W7 ......... 87

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    6/112

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    7/112

    11.6.6. R ................................................................................................................................ 9811.6.7. S ............................................................................................................................ 9811.6.8. A ....................................................................................................................... 9911.6.9. S ............................................................................................................................... 99

    11.7. T ................................................................................................................ 9911.7.1. W PSU ( ) 9911.7.2. W ( HTPC) .......................... 9911.7.3. P ........................................................................................................... 9911.7.4. I ........................................ 10011.7.5. W .................................. 100

    11.8. W SHOULD ....................................................................... 100

    COOLING ................................................................................................................................................. 10112.1. W ............................................ 10112.2. A .................................................................................................................................. 101

    12.2.1. W CPU ......................................................................... 10212.2.2. F , , ....................................................... 102

    12.2.3. C ............................................................................................................. 10412.2.4. H ........................................................................... 104

    12.2. L ............................................................................................................................. 10512.2.1. W ..................................................................................... 10512.2.2. W ......................................................................................... 10512.2.3. W ............................................................ 10512.2.4. B , , . ............................................................................................................. 10612.2.5. M .......................................................................................................... 110

    12.3. O ............................................................................................................................. 11012.3.1. W ( ) ........................................... 11012.3.2. W .............................. 111

    12.3.3. W .................................................................. 11112.4. E ......................................................................................................................... 11112.4.1. P .......................................................................................................... 11112.4.2. LN ( ) ........................................................................................................... 11212.4.3. P /TEC ( ) .................................................................................. 112

    12.5. W ...... 112

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    8/112

    1.

    B , .

    1.1.

    S 12.5.

    1.2. 4 3.4

    S 8.2.1.12.

    1.3. ,

    S 4.3.5.

    1.4. ,

    I FAQ, (

    ). T TV 52 TV 19 HDTV, TV (480 ), 19 HD ( 720 1080

    ).

    1. .

    I T , . T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    9/112

    2.

    2.1.

    T CPU . I . A , ( , ) . T

    , (2.2.2), (2.2.4), (2.2.5), 25 . I , , . F ,

    ( ) .

    2.2.

    H , I CPU. I ' ' , ( 3)

    ( 12) . O , , .

    2.2.1. , .

    W . " ( )

    ."

    ' ' 1 0 ' . E 0 1, . D ,

    . W "...CPU , . ., 1.50 GH , , . ., 1.33 GH , ." . T

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    10/112

    . E (

    ). S , I C 2 , . , , 8 , ' 3.3 8600 ,

    JUST , ' 8500 3.16 . WHAT THISMEANS

    ( ).

    A (3.2 GH = 3.2 BILLION , ) . W

    , CPU . A CPU 10 10 ( PLL )

    . B , 8400 C 2 D , 3000 MH (3.0 GH ), 9 CPU 9 . T 333 MH . I

    .

    2.2.2. , .

    A FSB CPU N (3.2.1). I MH , AMD

    ( ) . I , , CPU . I

    8400, FSB 1333 . I CPU 6600,

    FSB 1066 . AMD 2+ FSB 2000 / . T I, 3, 5, 7 , Q/ (Q P I )

    . T FSB,

    ( ).

    W ? W , 8400. I FSB 1333 MH , I 333 . ? W ,

    I FSB . I MH FSB,

    . I ,

    ( AMD / ) . I CPU. T , 333MH 4 = 1333 MH , 1333 .

    W ? F ( C 2 ), FSB 1/3 . W ? B CPU

    , (2.2.3). F , I 8400 3 GH 1333 MH FSB. T 3/8 ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    11/112

    FSB/ . A 64 2 6000+ W , 3.0 / 2000 . 2/3 .Y CPU . H . M CPU C 3.46 GH . H ! T GH ! , FSB 533 MH , .15 . I ,

    . A .A I , I AMD

    . T . B ,

    , .

    2.2.3.

    CPU , . B ,

    . W , . W DO L1 L2 ( L3) , .

    L1 . M 8400 32 . N I L1 . T L2,

    CPU . L2 6 (6144 , ) . T I 12 9 C 2 . O L3 . B P 4 EE (

    , ), I I . I AMD L2 . I

    2 256 , I 16 L3 .

    I , , . S L2 , 6 , , 6 . N , . S , 2 3 6 . I .

    2.2.4.

    Y CPU . T , I , I : LGA 775 (C 2 D , Q ), LGA 771 (X ), 1207 (O ), 2

    (A ).

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    12/112

    LGA 775 C 2 CPU . LGA .

    T. , 775 . I P 4 P , P D

    P , C 2 C CPU . T

    , CPU . S , .

    LGA 771, J, 2006 604 CPU . I 775 ( CPU ) . I

    J ( T T ), (D , W )

    (C , H ) X . T S CPU LGA 711, , 9770 C 2 .

    1400$ CPU,

    .

    LGA 1156 1366 ( H B ) LGA 775 . 1156 ( 3, 5, 7 ) 1366 (

    7 ) , N ( FSB ). T 1156 ( ) DDR3 1333 ( , [ ]

    RAM ), 1366 RAM

    .S 1207, F, AMD O .

    I 3 2006. I AMD 4 4 ( ), ( S )

    . T , . T ( 1207

    FX AMD, L1 V ). T 4 4 .

    S 2, 2 C MII , 3 2006 939 754. I AMD A 64 P ,

    AMD 939,754, 940. R , AMD 2 2+ 3, 3 .

    2.2. . , , , ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    13/112

    E , 1 GH . T 2 GH , 3 GH . ( N ,

    CPU ), 3.2 GH (HEAT=FIRE). , CPU

    , CPU .T , CPU

    ( CPU , , ) CPU . S , CPU . T

    , CPU . A C 2 GH 4 GH (FSB 100%).

    B . B , ,

    . E . T , . I

    C 2 D , C , P D, AMD A 64 2 T 64 2

    . T AIM .

    A . B , ,

    , . I MUCH .

    O CPU, . A , (

    P , ), . MS O , C P

    CS 4, .

    Q . P ( , , , ) / , . I

    ,

    . F , , 8400 ( ) 170$. I 3 GH , 1333 MH FSB. T I

    6600 ( ), 170$ . H , 2.4 GH , FSB 1066 MH 266MH

    . U NEED , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    14/112

    AMD P 3 2+ P 4. S 4

    , , .

    I X 4 2008, D . I , 9 L2 , 16 L3 , 2.13

    2.66 GH 1066 MH FSB. T , . T C 2 7/N 4 2008. S ,

    AMD I 6 , .

    I M 2010, I 7 , . I ,

    , . B !

    2.2. . , , , ,

    W CPU , . MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, HT, , , , EM64T, . T : ( ), , , ( ) SSE. T

    .

    H , , . P 4 , A 7

    (N , LGA 1366) . T . I ,

    HT , I HT 2000 , 2 .

    I , 7 HT, . T

    P DAW . I , I .

    M . F, C 2 65 90 . T CPU 45

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    15/112

    , ( ). , I 10+ CPU

    45 , AMD 45 1 2009.M (GPU ) V ATI 65 ,

    55 .

    S . I 0, . F , 6600

    0 . A , 0 6600 . E ( , ).

    SSE, SIMD ( , ) , CPU . I 1999

    I 3 . I MMX PII , I MMX. SSE MMX

    . SSE2 P 4, 64 . SSE3 2. SSE4

    MMX . B , , CPU

    , 10 .

    Y , 65

    CPU. T 45 . SSE , 486 3.1

    , .

    2.2. . , .

    TDP ( ), . T ,

    . A 8400 TDP 65 65 CPU

    . I NOT CPU ! R , ( )

    . S , . I , . T 9775 150 ,

    4 . I , , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    16/112

    2.2. . .

    O FSB , CPU

    4:1 . T

    , CPU . N

    CPU, .

    O CPU 50 MH . T I , ,

    . I . J

    I . I , .

    2.3. .

    T : I AMD. D I C , V , I , W 3.1 . S .

    2.3.1. .

    I ,

    . I ( ), I . I , I

    AMD. T AMD. T 45 , AMD . T L2 .

    I . I C 2 C 7/5/3, P 4 .A , , . I ,

    .

    C 2 D : I 64 2 2 ( , ) CPU 86 64 . Y , C 2 ( ), D ( ), ( ) ( CPU ). I , C 2

    40% 40% P 4. T M (2.4.3).

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    17/112

    : . Y U ( ), SU ( , ), T ( ), L ( ), P ( , ), SP ( , ), SL (, ), ( ), ( CPU ), (). T . I SP

    .F (67): ,

    , . F , C . C 65 1066 MH FSB. T 2 4 L2, 65 , LGA 775

    . I , W ( :// . . / /L _ _I _C _2_ )

    . B , , . T , . T 4 L2, 2.66 GH , 1333 MH FSB. W , I

    C 1066 MH FSB! W ?S ( 50):

    , , 6700 , C . N 5

    . T FSB, L2 , .I , 6700 (2.66 GH , 1066 MH FSB, 10 )

    FSB 1333 MH 8, . I 0 .

    T , CPU ( 9775, ).

    T C 7/5/3 ( N , ) .

    T 3, 5, 7 .3 , 5 , 7 (8 ).T 45 , I

    ( ). A I ,

    N ( CPU , ) .

    T (86 ) , . A 3 530, , ,

    53 00 99. T , 3 5 . E ( , 860 870) .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    18/112

    T , . T 7 875K . A CPU , . T

    875K , .

    2.3.2. .

    AMD I , . A , I . I , AMD (

    ) I . T I . T 45 ( ), I 45 . T L2

    , ( , 256 4 , 1 ).

    AMD I

    . H , .

    A . S , ( 2), 86 64 (64)

    64 . T , , . Y 6000 MH , . AMD

    , 5200+ AMD .

    T AMD I CPU , T 64 . K ,

    .

    T A 64 , . T ( ) . T

    ( , PC , ). N I

    . T (50) .

    T , I AMD , . A ? I AMD, .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    19/112

    2.4. .

    T CPU . I M , CPU

    .

    2.4.1. .

    T , . A 2000 , . T

    , CPU . T , . I 300

    , . R PSU . S , PSU 300 PSU 75% , 225 , 6600.

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    20/112

    2.4.2. . .

    T IS , . U CPU , CPU 100 C . Y

    65 TDP. ANYTHING , . T , 30 .

    A , . T , 20 .

    I WORTH IT. Y .

    2.4.3. .

    M 18 24. W ? A ? A

    18 24 . T M CPU CPU. F

    , C 360 3.46 GHCPU 2 D 8400 3.0 GH CPU.

    T C 360 2004. W 2008. T , 4 ,

    8400 8 C , . S 3.46 1.15 3, (8) 1.15,

    7. S 8400 , 8400 14 C . N FSB ( C 533 MH , 2.7

    8400), . T , , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    21/112

    3.1.

    T I/O , . ,

    , , , , (

    , ). T . B ( ),

    CPU . H

    . B ,

    . T N S (3.2.3.), ,

    , , BIOS.

    3.2. .

    H , I . I ' ' , CPU ( 2) .

    3.2.1. .

    BIOS B I /O S B I O S . I, ( 8

    ) , ( CPU ),

    ( , , ). Y , , (CPU, CD ROM, ,

    ), , . . M BIOS FSB,

    , CPU, .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    22/112

    3.2.2. .

    I , . I N S ,

    CPU . B

    , . I , I .

    3.2.3. , , , ...

    A I , S N CPU .

    T N CPU . I CPU S . B , N

    . B CPU , N CPU . A , N / . M

    C X , , N , N .

    T S CPU PCI , USB, SMB ( , , ), , . N

    , S .

    3.2.4. .

    T , . D

    , . N ( 6400, ), (DDR, DDR2, DDR3 ). S , . T 4 LGA 775

    6 LGA 1336 .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    23/112

    3.2. . , , .

    I 2.2.4. , .

    3.2. . .

    T AGP PCI ( ) . T , C . RAID , LAN , , ,

    .

    3.2. .1. .

    O A , AGP PCI E . T A G P (

    ) PCI ( 1997, ) PCI

    . PCI 133 MB/ , AGP 2133 / , 15 . D , AGP CPU PCI . W AGP, ,

    .

    V . T , PCI E .

    3.2. .2. .

    P C I 1993 . PCI

    , , , , USB ( 133 / SATA ), TV , . PCI , PCI USB. H , , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    24/112

    3.2. .3. 1.

    PCI 1 , . E . T , PCI ,

    PCI (250 / 133) . J . D PCI E . J PCI

    . T .

    3.2. .4. 1 .

    L , PCI E 2004 . A 4 / (PCI E 1

    250 / , 16 16 250) N , .

    I , PCI E, . 250 / , , PCI E 4 1 / , .

    R ( 2007), PCI 2.0 , 500 / 16 8 / . A 2.0

    , 2.0 1.1 1.0 . I , .

    3.2. . .

    M 1 2 PATA ( ATA) SATA ( ATA) . I , I

    . PATA ,

    , SATA . I .

    3.2. . .A I/O

    , , , , 3 ,

    . T , , I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    25/112

    3.2. .1. .

    H , , , , USB . E , USB , USB ,

    USB , USB , USB . USB : (1.5 M / ), (12 M / ), (480 M / ).

    , ( , USB ,

    WAY ). A , . USB 3.0 (4.8 GB/ )

    . I ( ), I USB .

    USB : USB 1.1 USB 2.0. I ( , 2003),

    USB 1.1. T . T ,

    . USB 2.0 , . Y

    USB 2.0. T USB 3.0 , SATA ( SATA ). I ,

    PCI E , USB 3.0 .

    USB , .T A , , . I

    , , . M .

    T T B. T B : , , , . I I

    T B . T , T A B, M B . , , P USB

    6 3 , 5 , 12 . I ,

    . I . I

    .

    3.2. .2. , , , ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    26/112

    M N . D . I PC ,

    TV .

    D S 1952. T ( , ,

    , ), 15 , . I 1987. I VGA . I

    RGBHV ( ) . T TV RGB .

    T CRT , . L VGA , USB 15

    . T , /VGA 2048 1536 .

    DVI ( ) HDTV, LCD, . M . I 1920 1200 60 H ,

    VGA. T DVI . U DVI, 3840 2400 33 H .

    , TV HDMI. T DVI . I .

    S V ( ) VGA DVI HDMI. I 1987,

    TV (640 480, ) . I TV, . I , 64 .

    HDMI ( ) . I 2003.

    I . A HDMI

    , DVI, . DVI HDMI .

    3.2. .3. /2

    A , PS/2. U , I . G , PS/2 PATA : ,

    . I , PS/2 . I , PS/2 USB . M

    .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    27/112

    3.2. .4. 13 4,

    F , USB ( ) , USB W PC. G M , F

    . I : 4 ( USB ) 6 ( USB , ). T , F 400, 1995 USB ( , USB 2.0 ). I

    400 / , 15 .F 800 2002 800 / .

    , 9 DVI . T ,

    F 400 .

    3.2. . . , , , .

    L . M F USB. S , , . USB

    I/O . O LPT ( ) , 80 . H , .

    3.2. . . ( ), / , ( ) ( )

    A OCR, , . T , , .

    TRS ( , , ) . I 1/8 , .

    M 6 . W , ( ),

    ( , ), ( , ). T 5.1 ( ). O

    . N 8 , 7.1 (

    ) 5.1 . O , / , , . N , . I ,

    .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    28/112

    S/PDIF (S /P ) D D . H ,

    DTS . T ,

    . T : .O

    . T T 8 DTS . I ( )

    .

    C ( ) S/PDIF , S G . I , ,

    T . I , , RF ,

    . A T .

    3.2. . .

    SATA ( ATA) . SATA ,

    . I 8 USB 2.0 , ( ). I SATA,

    , . I . M

    SATA AND USB, .

    3.2. .

    T , USB, F , . . T USB USB, I/O

    / / , AC97 A .

    Y F . I . D , 5.25 ( CD ROM ),

    .

    3.2.10.

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    29/112

    M , . B , , , , . T

    (21 86 ), . I .

    3.2.10.1.

    T ATX, . ATX 12 9.6 , ATX

    . T .

    3.2.10.2.

    M ATX , 9.6 9.6 . T ( PCB , ),

    ATX . T .

    3.2.10.3.

    E ATX : ATX. 12 13 , CPU

    ( CPU , ) 3 4 PCI 16 SLI,SLI, Q . T , .

    3.2.10.4.

    M 6.7 6.7 ( , DDR2 ), . T , PC , , ( ,, ). T CPU.

    3.2.10. .

    L I , . D, , BTX ,

    ( I 2006), . I ,

    . A , . D BTX , . F , PSU D . T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    30/112

    3.2.11. .

    D . B P 4 , I P 4 .

    3.2.11.1. 20 . 24 .

    O 20 . H S

    . M , , ,

    24 3.3 , 5 , 12 . T ! S , 24 PSU CAN

    20 . I 20+4 PSU , 4 . Y CANNOT 4 CPU , . I PSU 24 , 24 PSU, 20+4 PSU.

    3.2.11.2. 4 .

    P 4 I . S , P 4 , CPU ,

    . T 4 CPU ( CPU , ).

    T , PSU CPU , PSU. T ATX12 , , .

    8 CPU , 6 CPU ( ) . A P 4 , EPS12 . T 12 ( ) . T

    ( 4 P 4 EPS ). P :

    8 P 4 , . T

    CPU , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    31/112

    3.3. .

    M AMD I , . H . I

    .

    3.3.1. .

    A I . I . T

    , BIOS . T , , ( ). A , SLI ( , 16

    ) , 130$ .I ( ) . T .

    W , ARE . T , .

    MSI . I , . T

    GPU .

    I G : . T

    , 200$ .

    I , VGA . T ( , )

    , SLI SLI. T 150$ ( , ), ,

    1 $ GPU . I GPU, , .

    3.3.2. .

    N , AMD . B N , 160$

    ( , I ). F C S , BIOS I/O .

    A AMD. I 110$ AMD , A .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    32/112

    , ( ) BIOS,

    .

    MSI G , I .

    3.3.3. .

    S . T ,

    I AMD, . B .

    T . T ,

    CPU . I S , (

    , ).

    A I , I . G T S .

    3.3.4. ( )

    I A ITX ITX, . J

    ITX , CPU . T ECS, AMD

    HTPC .

    3.4. .

    S . T I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    33/112

    3.4.1. .

    Y ( S , ) CPU .

    M , CPU . U P CS4 (I CPU? I ), . I DO

    , ! I . B 99.9 .

    3.4.2. .

    A , LOT. T CPU , CPU . S CPU

    CPU, 500 600$ ( )CPU. T , 300$

    , ! N 3 RAM. D .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    34/112

    4.1.

    Y , , , . N

    ( ),

    . I , .

    Y . T PCB ( ), GPU ( , CPU

    ), ( , , , ), ( VGA DVI ).

    4.2. .

    H , I . I ' , ( 3)

    . O , , .

    4.2.1. .

    G . T ( ), CPU ( GPU),

    RAM . G , GDDR, . A ( )

    , , . I , . I , .

    4.2.1.1. , 2, 3, 4,

    T .T , DDR DDR2, (

    ) . T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    35/112

    DDR DDR2 , , . O . Y GDDR GDDR2 ,

    . GDDR GDDR2 , RAM .

    GDDR3, GDDR4, GDDR5 ,

    . B V ATI GDDR3, ATI GDDR4 GDDR5 ( GPU , ). T

    DDR2, .

    I , , .

    4.2.1.2. /

    T PCB . T 512 ,

    V GTX . I , 256 ( 250$ ). I , ! D 64 128 ,

    .

    4.2.1.3. , 12 /2

    A I , . Y , . T

    20$ ! I , 256 MB, 512 MB,

    . I , RAM ( , O , F 3 F C 2, RAM

    ) . S , 1920 1200 , WAY 1280 1024 .

    W , , 128 MB , W V W 7. T

    , RAM .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    36/112

    4.2.2.

    A CPU , . T . T REALLY GENERAL,

    ( , ). I , .

    4.2.2.1.

    A , . DDR 166 950 MH , DDR2 533 1000 MH , GDDR3 700

    1800 MH , GDDR4 1.62.4 , GDDR5 3 3.8GH . N ( DDR3

    ). I : GPU .

    4.2.2.2.

    A , , CPU . T CPU. Y

    700 MH ,

    . , . C , DO .

    4.2.2.3. .

    B , GPU. I . V 8 3 /

    . T 2 . T .

    4.2.3.

    A , GPU CPU , GPU ,

    . A , ( ). M GPU

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    37/112

    3D , GPU , @

    .

    4.2.3.1. V ATI (4.2.3.2) 100% . I

    . C , I .

    I V 6 , , . N 6 , G . Y FX 6 ,

    . I .

    V . F 6 9 , , , . F , 00 45

    ( ) , 50 70 (60 ), 80 95 ( , 7950 ). T

    . S , 7950 7 , , .P 8 9 , V

    . T ( ) LE, GS, GT, GTS, GTO,GTX, GTX+, U , GX2. T GX2,

    . A 7950 GX2. O G F 6200, 7600 GS, 8800GT/GTS/GTX/U , 9800GTX+. W

    LE, I .

    V 6 A 2004. A , ATI V , V . V , S M 3

    SLI . T 2 FX .T : 6100 6150 (IGP [

    ]), 6200, 6500, 6600, 6800. I DDR2 .

    T 7 J 2005. AGP , SLI

    , DX9 . 7100, 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600, 7650, 7800, 7900,7950, 7950 GX2 ( ) 7000, 7200, 7300, 7400, 7600,7700, 7800, 7900, 7950 (G F G 7). I V

    . I , DDR2 GDDR3 .

    T 8 N 2006. I GPU ( )

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    38/112

    . I DVI, 2560 1600, DX10 (V ),

    S M 4.0. I 8300, 8400, 8500, 8600, 8800 , 8400 8800 (G F 8M ). T 8800GT

    SLI .

    T 45% , 45% ( 100%, ) .

    8800 : G80 ( 8800GT, 8800GTS 320 640 , 8800GTX U ),

    , G92 , 8800GT, GTS G92 512 , GTX,

    U . T G92 9 ( 9 G92 G94 ). G92

    , , SLI , . T G92 GPU

    65 . J CPU 45 65 , . T GDDR3 .

    T 9 F 2008. A , 8

    G92 ( ) G94 . ( 8 G92), SLI (2 9600GT 96%),

    . V 9400, 9500, 9600, 9800 , 9100, 9200, 9300, 9500, 9600, 9650, 9700, 9800

    (G F 9M). 9600 9800GTX . V GPU 9800 GX2 , SLI Q SLI

    ( 7950 GX2 , PCI E ). GDDR3

    .

    V GPU , 200 , J 2008( V ) GTX 280. S

    9 , V . I ,

    ( ) , 2 .T 300 3, . V

    , 210, 220, 240, 250, 260, 260 C 216 ( 260, I ), 275, 280, 285, 295. A CES 2009, V

    , G100M, G200M . A 200 GDDR3 .

    V GPU , 400 , M 2010 , F . T 470

    480 , . D

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    39/112

    ATI 5000 GPU , 460, 465, 450

    . T 460 200$ , GTX

    260 216 .

    4.2.3.2.

    I I ATI I V 7600GS I ( ,

    3.46 C , DDR2 533 G W W I ). S

    , .

    ATI 1985, C IBM. T AMD ( CPU )

    2006. I , ATI . S V , , MSI, A , HIS

    ATI .

    T R 400 ( 700, 800 ) S 2004. T DX9 , O GL 2 , GDDR3 , 130 .

    X700, X800, X850 . N X .

    T R 500 ( 1000) O 2005. T ATI DX9 , 3. T

    1300, 1550, 1600, 1650, 1800, 1900, 1950 . T GPU 300 . T GDDR3 GDDR4 .

    T R 600 (HD 2000, HD 3000) 2007. T 2000 10 4, 3000 DX10.1 SM4.1.

    2350, 2400, 2600, 2900, 3430, 3450, 3470, 3650, 3690, 3830, 3850, 3850 2,3870, 3870 2 ( GPU) . A I , 3870 2 GPU

    ATI . T GDDR3 GDDR4 .

    T R 700 (HD 4000) J 2008. A ,

    10.1 4.1, GDDR5. T 4350, 4550,4650, 4670, 4830, 4850, 4850 2, 4870, 4870 2.

    T R E (HD 5000) O 2009, 40 RAM . I GDDR5 RAM, E DX11.

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    40/112

    T R N I (HD 6000) N 2010, 40 , 4 RAM GPU ,

    D P . T PCI E 2.1 16 .

    T ATI . R ( :// . . / /C _ _ATI_G _P _U #M _R_S ). T V , I .

    4.2.3.3. , , , ,

    A I , ATI V 100% .I GPU , , IBM 40% , ATI V 55%,

    . T . G

    , V 7 .

    M . T . M , , M . T

    TM2G ( 2 ), . , ,

    PCI E , USB . I CPU , , . W ATI E F ( ) , .

    V . T , . T

    .

    A P X . I ,

    9 . Y , . T

    V F 2008.

    I

    , V . T GMA . E ( :// . . / /I _GMA).

    4.2.3.4.

    S , CPU ( ). F ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    41/112

    SO . T

    , . S

    ( ) .

    T , I

    . ATI ( ) ,

    . V ( , ) 8 .

    4.2.3. .

    I , . R ( :// . . / /P _ ) .

    4.2.3. . , ,

    CUDA ( ) NV . CUDA V .

    W ? B , CUDA GPU .W ? E GPU CPU

    , ( ) CPU . T GTX 260. I 192

    48 . ,

    WAY GPU ,

    .

    O CUDA P X B( M E ). I

    ( F @H ). I , CUDA 8 , V 8

    .

    GPGPU ( ) CUDA . CUDA V . GPGPU CUDA .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    42/112

    4.2.4. 3

    A API . S , 3 API 3 . O GL 3 ( ) API 3 .

    4.2.4.1. .

    O GL , API 2 3 . I 250 3 . O GL

    1992 CAD, , , , . I ,

    3 . I . H ( :// . . / /O GL). T ,

    I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    43/112

    4.2.4.2.

    D X API . D 3 3 API. M

    W 95 , W 95 2. 98 , OS . I XP, DX9

    D X . W V ( V ), 10 . 10.1 L ( 2008) V 1,

    W 7 DX11. DX11 GPGPU , CPU .

    4.2. .

    H . I , .

    4.2. .1.

    GPU , CPU , REALLY (HEAT=FIRE) . Y , , , . P

    . Y

    . I PCI E 1 PCI E 16 .

    D , ( 8800 320 ).

    W , , .

    R , EE( ) . E

    . T , . I , EE (

    , ).

    4.2. .2.

    D DVI DVI . A DVI 1920 1200,

    2560 1600 ( ).

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    44/112

    4.2. .3.

    M .

    , DVI , . J . M , .

    4.2. .4. / /3 / /

    I GPU . J

    FPS.

    SLI 6 V . I GPU . I

    , .

    30 45% G92 , 9600

    8800 . F 9 , SLI 92 96% 80 85% .

    Y ( 6800GT 9800GTX+), . H , SLI

    . A V RAM , 100. .

    Y V ( F ) I58 . SLI WILL NOT WORK ON OTHER BOARDS (

    , ). A , SLI . Y .

    3 SLI . I 2.8 , 92 94 V (8800GT GTX 280, ,

    9400 9600 ).

    Q SLI , GPU .Y GPU , SLI , . I

    .

    C ( C X) S 2005, ( , Q ). T

    , 1950 , ( NOT ) SLI . Q 3.2

    , HD 3800 , . A Q

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    45/112

    ATI X2 , 4870X2. T V .

    T . ATI C I , C , I V

    SLI. H , GPU O GL , SLI

    SLI . ATI . L I I V , I V ATI,

    ATI GPU .

    4.2. . .

    M . I V ,

    . I , MUST ,

    .

    I ( 200 400 V 6 9, V G 210 GT 220, 3 ATI ),

    300 350 ( [6.2.6] !) PSU.Y , , , C 2 D 8400, PSU .

    I ( 500 600 V 6 9, GTS 250,

    5 ATI ), 450 500 PSU. Y . N I 9600GT . I

    , 7800GT . T ,

    . A , 450 500 PSU, .

    I ( 800 950 V 6 9, GTX 260 , GTX 400 , 5 ATI), 300 GPU SPECIFICALLY . I 650 CPU , . A

    9800GTX+ GTX 260 216 , , .

    4.2. . .

    B , RAMDAC ( , VGA ) . T

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    46/112

    HDMI DVI , .

    4.2. . .

    A , D X, O GL, . XP . I DX9 , . V 9, 9 , 10, DX10

    . W7 . I M , .

    4.2. . .

    A , TV. M LCD 60 H(60 ), CRT 75 H . T CRT

    LCD ( = ). T 120 H 3 , . R ,

    60 , LCD 85 60 .

    4.2. .

    H D C P (HDCP) I

    D P , D V I (DVI), H D M I (HDMI),G V I (GVIF), U D I (UDI) ,

    . T , HDCP .

    W ? I ,

    . W , 1080 24 . W , , I

    ? B , (ATI ) HDCP ON THE CARD, , . T

    PC , . N CPU . A HDCP

    HDCP , . I , B R . O

    .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    47/112

    4.3.

    T , . W I

    (3.2.6), I

    , .

    4.3.1.

    AGP . D . AGP ( )

    . T AGP , CPU AGP .

    4.3.2.

    PCI . T 133 / , PCI . T HD2400

    , .

    4.3.3. 1

    A I , 1550 1 . D , PCI AGP .

    4.3.4. 1

    16 8 V . 8600, 9400, 2000 V ATI

    I , 3870 2 ( , , 1 ) 16. G . ,

    16 16 2.0 16 , , 2.0 16 . I , , 2.0 .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    48/112

    4.3. . 2.0 1

    A I , 2.0 , 2.0 1.1 . I ,

    . T , I . T , , .

    4.3. . ( )

    I , . A , USB

    .

    4.4.

    G , , . T , .

    4. . , ,

    Y ( , , ) . S , PCI E 6 2 M (PCI M) PCI E 8 2 M (PCI 8 M ). I VGA ( VGA

    DVI , ). Y S V , HDMI DVI+ . I DVI HDMI .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    49/112

    4. . , , .

    A , , . G ,

    ( ) . W , . A , ( I I 7600 9600 ), ! M .

    4. .1.

    O X , F ( V ). I , I , . T

    , . I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    50/112

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    51/112

    .2.3.

    D ( ) ( ). I 16 , 24 , 32 . T . Y 24

    ( 16 ), 24 . I , .

    A CD 16 DVD 24.

    .2.4.

    T . R

    , . T .

    .2. . ( )

    A .A 60 H , PA

    . T . I

    .I SNR, .

    M SNR 96 .

    .2. .

    P . 5.4 .

    .2. .

    I . A , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    52/112

    .2. .1. / ( )

    M PCI PCI 1 . Y PCI E, PCI . I , PCI E I , .

    .2. .2. / ( )

    T USB 2.0 F . , , ( ). T ,, USB/F .

    .3.

    I I . T , . R !

    .3.1.

    C . I

    ( S B ! 24 USB ) I . T S B , X , F 1 ( , F 1 I ) .

    .3.2.

    M A . I M A , , I . T ( , ). T

    , .

    .3.3. /

    T B . I , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    53/112

    .3.4.

    A S , I .

    .4.

    A I , . H . M 3.2.8.6.

    .4.1. 1/ ( )

    A , 1/8 ( ) . T 3 5.1

    4 7.1 ( ,

    ). T , . S

    2.0/2.1 .

    .4.2. /

    A , . I , .

    .4.3. ( , 1/4 , )

    M A 16 . T XLR ( ) ( , ).

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    54/112

    .4.4.

    Y / , ( CD ), / . S

    (I , ). I .

    . .

    D . T ( L ), ,

    . I , .

    S OS . M , / .

    . .1.

    I , . I . I

    , . I .

    . .2.

    R , , ! I , . I , OS. I

    , . T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    55/112

    .1.

    T . P

    . T .T 120 AC 12 , 5 , 3.3 DC

    . A . C PSU

    , .

    .2.

    H , I . I ' , ( 3) . O , , .

    .2.1 ( )

    P , .U ,

    , , . . M .

    .2.1.1. , 12

    ATX , ( ). ATX

    . I . E M 24 . T

    ATX ATX12 12 .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    56/112

    .2.1.2. , 12

    EPS ( ATX, . CPU ( 4 ATX)

    8 CPU , 4 X O .

    ATX .

    .2.1.3.

    G , ATX ATX PSU , ATX

    5 3 4 .

    .2.1.4. ( , , , , )

    T . AT ATX ( 1995), . BTX

    ATX ATX. SFX TFX .

    .2.2.

    P . I , . O 11 .

    T .I

    PSU . O , ( , , ). S , 600 @ 20 C , . M 45 C , .

    .2.2.1. ( ) 00

    H , 300 400, . I , , ( )

    . 35% , PSU . U

    X P S C ( :// . . / . ) , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    57/112

    .2.2.2. , !

    U 3 4 GPU ( , GPU) , 1000 PSU. T , I !

    .2.3.

    PFC ( , ) . I

    ( , ). R ( :// . . / /181/10) .

    Y PFC . I . I E E . A PSU PFC 110 240

    , . M , , .

    .2.4.

    A : .

    .2.4.1.

    L 110 220 AC . T , PSU. S , .

    .2.4.2.

    O PSU,

    ( 50 60 H KH ). W , ( , PSU) . K

    , / .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    58/112

    .2. .

    H . A

    ( :// . . / /181/14).

    .2. .1.

    L M . F , , DVD , , . I .

    .2. .2.

    T . S , ( ).

    .2. .3.

    T , .

    .2. .3.1.

    P 3 10 .T .

    .2. .3.2. 20

    O 20 .

    .2. .3.3. 24

    N 24 . T , 20

    . T , .

    .2. .3.4. 20+4

    T PSU 20+4 . T 20 .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    59/112

    .2. .4. 4 ( 12 )

    T P 4 ( ) CPU . I

    , CPU. I CPU P 4 ( AMD ). S 8 P 4 , ( PSU ) . P : 8 , 4 P 4

    8 (NOT 8 PEG !), AND , 4 . N , ( CPU ).

    .2. . .

    SATA 15 SATA . I L, . M M SATA .

    .2. . . ( )

    PEG, PCI , . M 6 , I 8 8800 U . M 2 1

    , .

    .2. . .

    D PSU, ,

    .

    .2. . .

    I 3 . Y , , PSU. Y , ALWAYS

    .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    60/112

    .2. . .

    S PSU , ( ) . T . T .

    T , .

    .2. .

    A , . T . S , . I . H : R 550 , 68% . 550

    , ! I 374 , 156 . S , ? A

    80% PSU ( % , !), .

    .2. .1. 0 ( )

    80 PLUS PSU ( ) . O ,

    PSU 80% 20%, 50%, 100% . B 82 85 82% ( % ), 8588 85%, 87 90 87%.

    .2. .2.

    B , , ( ). PSU ,

    . I , TV. I PSU,

    .

    .2. .

    S PFC (6.2.3).

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    61/112

    .2. . . .

    A I , CPU , PSU ( , ).

    I PSU , . G .

    L , , 75 85% . Y

    60 85% ( , ) PSU . T . T , .

    G ( ) , .

    .2. . /

    M PSU , . D ,

    240 (240 ) , . N , . S ,

    ( 6.2.9.4) , . S , ,

    . T .

    M . T 12 . I ,

    (CPU GPU !). S , , ( ).

    T : 3.3 , 5 , 12 .

    .2. .1. 3.3

    T , RAM, AGP , PCI . I , RAM .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    62/112

    .2. .2.

    T 5 .Y 5V . T . T 5V

    ISA . T .

    A PSU +5V S "S P " (SB) +5V ,

    . T , LAN

    . I W AT

    . E ATX .

    .2. .3. 12

    I , , 12 .

    N CPU , , . S , PSU 12 ( 80 90% PSU 12 ), .

    Y 12 . T . 12V +12V , .

    .2. .4.

    A , UL 1950, CSA 950, EN 60950 IEC 950 240 . OCP

    . I . S ? T

    OCP .T ,

    , . Y , . Y OCP

    24/7 .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    63/112

    .2.10. , ,

    V . I , 12 12 , 14 ? T

    : 5% , 10% . B . I

    . , FYI. T , HS!

    O T M M

    +12 5% +11.40 V +12.60 V

    + 5 V 5% +4.75 V +5.25 V

    +5VSB 5% +4.75 V +5.25 V

    +3.3 V 5% +3.14 V +3.47 V12 V 10% 13.2 V 10.8 V

    5 V 10% 5.25 V 4.75 V

    B , , PSU . I , . I , , .

    T 120 12 50 5 3.3 . I , ! HS

    PSU PSU, PSU 2.5 . M ( , )

    , PSU .

    .2.11.

    T PSU .

    .2.11.1. ( )

    U , . I , PSU . T , ( ). OVP , UVP .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    64/112

    .2.11.2.

    I , . T .

    .2.11.3.

    S (6.2.9.4).

    .2.11.4. /

    T PSU , . I OVP , PSU . T

    =) , .

    .2.11. .

    D . O = . O , .

    .2.12.

    E . A PSU . E , , PSU

    ,

    PSU. , PSU . I , , . T , .

    .2.13. , ,

    P 100 240 ( 110 220). T US 60 H , 50 H . ( ) ( ,

    PSU PFC). B , 20 . I , PFC . A PFC , 4961 H 100 240 , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    65/112

    .2.14.

    I , VERY . I ( ) ( , ). I

    PSU. Y .

    .2.1 .

    T PSU . T ,

    PSU, . , ,

    ( PSU ) . , .

    PSU , 15 30 .

    .2.1 .

    I , ATI V ( PSU ) PSU GPU . T , . T ,

    500 PSU 4870 2 .

    .2.1 .1.

    ATI . L I , . I PSU GPU , , .

    .2.1 .2.

    V . L I , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    66/112

    .2.1 ( )

    T , I I . PSU . T

    MTBF . M PSU . I MTBF 1 , .

    .3.

    H PSU . T , .

    .3.1.

    R (350 500 ) 40 50$. T , . I

    , .

    .3.2.

    T . I , PSU 600 700 (

    ).

    .3.3.

    I . G , .E , 380 PSU 1000 + .

    .3.4.

    I , Z PSU . T 650, 750, 850 N , . T ,

    . I , . T , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    67/112

    .3. .

    O , . O

    .

    .3. .

    O . W R A , A .

    .3. .

    D OCZ . T 700 N . T

    , . I Z I PSU .

    .3. .

    T , I . C , PSU .

    .3. .

    N . T , . I 450 500 .

    .3.10.

    T PSU , . I , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    68/112

    .3.11. &

    PC P & C 750 ( ) . E ,

    . D , .

    .4. , , , .

    Y PSU . A , UPS .

    H .

    .4.1.

    UPS . , PG PSU 3

    . S , , .

    .4.2.

    A . I

    . I , I . Y ( , , 220 )

    .

    .4.3.

    U , . W DON T ,, . L W . S , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    69/112

    .4.4.

    B I .

    H : , . HPSU , ,

    . L .

    . .

    T PSU. I I . M .

    . .1.

    J , PSU . B , . I , !

    M PSU , , , . W . I , I . S I I

    PSU CPU, PSU , .

    . .2. 10%

    Y CPU . I , PSU SLI ,

    . N ,

    , . B ! I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    70/112

    . . !

    B PSU : 80% , 1/5

    X P C , , , 10 , ( ), 100 MTBF , I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    71/112

    .1.

    A , W , ( , ) . N , ,

    , .

    .2. H , I . I

    ' , ( 3) . O , , .

    .2.1. , ,

    H . I 40 ( 38.7 , SSD

    ), 2 .I . T

    , . S . A 750 WD SATA . I 750,154,276,864

    , 698 . T .

    N , . Y ALWAYS , 150 . A =)

    .2.2.

    H . N , . C. J AI .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    72/112

    .2.2.1. ( 100 133)

    AT ( ATA ATAPI) . A ,

    AT WD I D E ( , IDE). O SATA 2003,

    P ATA, ATA, . I , . I , , 40 . T

    133 / ( 100 / ATA100). T 18 ( , 2 ).

    I HD B . A DVD ATA , ATA ( ) . T SO . I 40 3 . W , ATA . J

    . I ATA 28 , 137 ATA6. A , BIOS 8.5 ,

    . I ATA , , . N , I

    .

    .2.2.2. ( /1. / , /3 / , / / )

    T , SATA L 1 ATA ( 2.4 , !). I ( USB ), 8 USB . I 2003. I . I

    8 40 IDE . I . D ATA

    .

    T SATA SATA I, II, III. I 150M / (1.5 , 130% IDE) II

    300 M / ( 240% ). III , 600M / ( !). A PCI , ,

    , . T , . Y SATA III

    SATA III , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    73/112

    L I , . A ( ).

    .2.2.3. , , , . IDE

    15 . T , 24/7 SATA

    10 . T . Y . I .

    .2.2.3.1. 320 40

    C 320 / , , SATA . T , 640, . T

    68 80 .

    .2.2.3.2.

    SAS, SCSI, SCSI . F , SCSI ,

    , ( C ). T , . SAS SATA

    SATA , 2009 6 24 .

    128 , 8 . AKA, . A .

    .2.2.4. ( 1/1.1/2, 4/ , )

    A , . I ,

    SATA . I , .

    .2.3.

    H . T 5400 , 7200 . T

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    74/112

    , ( !). O 4200 ,

    . A 10,000 ( ) 15,000 ( SCSI

    , ). I 10 OS

    7200 .S 5400 7200 . I

    . W ? I , 24/7

    . D , , ! I .

    .2.4.

    , 8 32 MB, L1 L2 CPU . I . T

    , . U , I . I 5 , .

    .2. . , , ,

    , , , . . I 7200 WD

    4.2 , 9 11 , . C, 10,000 (

    , 5.5 ) WAY (4.2 4.7 ).

    .2. .

    D 2.5 , , 10,000 , SSD , 3.5 10

    . M !

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    75/112

    .2. .

    T . I . R , I . A , .

    .2. .1. ,

    I . S . W

    , . A . A . J

    .

    .2. . . ( )

    T , . S 2007 . SSD

    , , , .

    SSD , , , ,

    . , 10 ( 500$ 256 3/8/2009 . 50$ 250 ),

    REALLY , , . P 18

    .

    .3.

    U , . P .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    76/112

    .3.1.

    F , . B . I WD , I 80 I I

    10 . I 15 . I 22, .

    I =)

    .3.2.

    I S 7200.11 . N I . F , S QC ( 5 MTBF) . A

    , , . O , , .

    .3.3.

    B 1 LONG , S . N .

    .3.4.

    C . A .

    .3. .

    T SCSI , .

    .4.

    E . I

    . H .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    77/112

    .4.1. .

    I . N . E SATA SATA .

    S , , .

    .4.2. .

    T . I , . T 5400 . I

    , NOT ,

    . W .

    .4.3.

    D . I , , . I

    , . B , .

    . .

    D . U ,

    . D , . I , . W SHOULD , , . I , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    78/112

    . .

    RAID . I . I

    ( ) . T . I I

    , W .

    . . .

    O . I . I .T

    , OS ALL , . I

    , OS . Y OS , . I .

    N I OS . Y .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    79/112

    ( )

    .1.

    A W , . I ,

    . I . T , . T SSD

    , .

    .2.

    H , I . I ' ' , ( 3)

    CPU ( 2) . O , , .

    .2.1.

    RAM . H , I .

    W : ( , DDR400) ( , PC 3200). T

    , .B , , , . A ,

    , . I DDR2 667, PC2 5300 PC2 5400.

    .2.1.1. DDR SDRAM,

    ( ), . SDRAM . I , .

    I 84 , . T , DDR 400 3200. T

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    80/112

    3200 / , 3200. I OLD , ? J . T

    2.6

    .2.1.2. 2DDR2 DDR. I

    . S FSB CPU. B ,

    DDR. I 240 . T DDR2 667 800. I 800 , , . U

    , DDR2 400 PC2 3200 , DDR2 1066 PC2 8500 (8533, ) . S 2.3 ,

    1.8 1.9. A .

    I DDR2 400 DDR 400 . S , . I

    667 DDR2 . S DDR3 .

    .2.1.3. 3

    T , , DDR2 2 DDR. I 240 , , DDR2.

    T DDR3 DDR3 1066 3 8500 DDR3 1333 310600, 7

    . T DDR3 1600 12800, . A , 90 1.5 1.6 , .

    A , DDR3 DDR3 800 36400 DDR2. T , .

    .2.1.4.

    DIMM . T , , RAM, . I ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    81/112

    .2.1. .

    S .S CPU

    . I .

    .2.1. .

    S ! L , . S, . 200 , DDR. I 200 , DDR2. I

    204 , DDR3.

    .2.1. .

    A , .

    M . Y . I , W .

    .2.1. .

    B RAM. I USB, , .

    .2.1. .

    U , . IREALLY . L 10 .

    .2.1.10.

    A 172 DDR. Y , . I SODIMM , .

    .2.1.11.

    C . G P . K , . SS (

    ) ( ). O .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    82/112

    .2.1.12. 4 . 32

    A , . T : 32 ( , ), MAX 3.65 .

    A . I 64 , ( ) 128 , (

    !).

    H . W .

    W 32 , 32 (1/8 ) , 2^32 . A ,

    4,294,967,296 , 4096 , 4 . W , 3.65 . ALSO, W

    2 , 1.86 GB.A ,

    / . M =(

    64 , 2^64 , . G ?

    .2.2.

    C , ( ) 256 4 GB . D , .

    .2.3.

    L I , DDR2 400 MH 1066 MH , 800 MH 2100 MH DDR3. SO DIMM

    .

    .2.4.

    O , . M .

    B , . H : , . B ,

    . , . I , ( ) . READ REVIEWS!

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    83/112

    RAM : CL RCD RP RAS CR. G.SKILL I : 5 5 5 15 1T. R .RAS , . Q

    CR . I , .T .

    .2.4.1.

    S . I . I , .

    .2.4.2.

    S . I . I

    . G

    .

    .2.4.3.

    S RAS, . I R A T .

    .2.4.4.

    R . I . A CAS

    .

    .2.4. .

    A CAS. CL CAS . D FTW!

    .2.4. . R . I

    . T RAS, CAS, .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    84/112

    .2.4. .

    A CAS .

    .2.4. .

    A , . 2T

    25%, I 8% . B ,

    =) , 1T, . I , 2T. I , .

    .2.4. .

    A , CAS CL. R .

    .2.4.10. 4 13 1

    A I , . . G , .

    .2. .

    A I I , . C CPU 7 I CPU. READ UP ON THIS CPU!

    .2. .1.

    7 1.7 . T I . Y DDR3

    , I .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    85/112

    .2. .

    I , . RAM , , PCB

    . H . T . M , . Y .

    .2. .

    B !

    .2. . /

    : ! , , .

    . , , DOES . 2003

    . .

    .2. . /

    S !

    .2.10.

    S ! ECC IS . I HOW !

    .2.11. , ,

    O , . L . G ! Y ,

    . I . ,

    , , ( I ,

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    86/112

    ), ( , ).T 5 10% 2 2 GB 32 .

    D 64 ( ). I , 64 , . T . O , DDR3, I . M DDR3 , I .

    .2.11.1 /

    P , 7 . T C 2 A 64 2 ,

    .

    .3.

    D I ? R ?

    .3.1. .

    I , , . I

    , . I , . I 2 2 GB , I . T R RAM , .

    .3.2.

    T . A .

    .3.3.

    G , . S , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    87/112

    .3.4.

    P . I .

    .3. .

    G , .

    .3. .

    B RAM. S !

    .4.

    A . A . A .

    .4.1.

    HEAT HEAT HEAT = FLAMES FLAMES FLAMES

    . . 1 /2

    W XP 128 OS . T , . V W7 1 (

    ) . W ? B XP 1 , V 1 . RAM , OS

    .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    88/112

    .1.

    , , , , KVM .

    .2.

    T I . ,

    , , , . , , . HID TCD .

    .3.

    I . I S .

    K : [ ] . V , , I E W 95. W

    . A , W W ,

    . A , L 15 . T ,

    ( W W ), . A , .

    ( , ) , ,

    .

    M : , ,

    . T L 5, ( MX) . T

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    89/112

    . R . I M I I

    . R !

    F : I . P ,. S . A

    .

    USB : , , . I , . R , , !

    W : AIM S . L , . I

    H I . R !

    .4. / I .

    T ( I ALWAYS ), . I , , FPS ONE , .

    A , . I ,

    . .

    T , D , . S A M . T . I M . I 3$ L O , I

    . Y !

    W , L 10 15 . B ! T , K A , I

    L . T

    . I S E , 30 40$, I . T , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    90/112

    . .

    B . P . U , . T

    . C , . N , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    91/112

    10.1.

    M , , , .

    10.2.

    S I .

    V . I , . G , , L . T

    L , , . S ? A ,

    , . T I I . I

    TV, .

    A . , . W ,

    ( ). A , , . A . I , . R , , 5.1 . 2.1 3.1

    . I , ! A , , 30 .

    Y , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    92/112

    10.3.

    I , I .I , .

    10.4. /

    W . T .

    I , . T . I.

    10. .

    F , . I , I L 230 (2.1, 28 , 40 ),

    . I . I L 5500 (5.1, 505 , , , 250$) , ! T 60 ,. A

    N A . F , . I B T P , I .

    F , . R . N ! I A 2216 22 ,

    . J !

    10. .

    W . A 40 45% .

    S . , ( 5 8). T , G . I , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    93/112

    11.1.

    B ! I , . C ( , ) .

    11.2. /

    D , . B . ( 9 7 8 V ), ,

    , .

    11.2.1.

    I , . M GPU ( , ), CPU,

    . I , . F .W , ! S , ,

    . T , .

    11.2.2.

    T . T . A ! T . T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    94/112

    11.2.3.

    T . Y LOAD . I .

    11.2.4.

    M ATX .

    11.2. .

    S . T ATX .

    11.2. .

    T . T LAN , . T , , . I , ,

    .

    11.2. .

    T , ( !), ITX . H

    . I , , ! T , .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    95/112

    11.2. .

    HTPC H T PC. T , , ITX

    A . T , , . M , .

    11.3.

    D . N .

    11.3.1.

    S , . N . I . I .

    11.3.2.

    A , ( , ). I , .

    I .

    11.3.3.

    A . G . I , , , .

    11.3.4.

    G .

    11.4.

    T .

  • 8/14/2019 How to Computer

    96/112

    11.4.1.

    D . D ;

    . I ATX, . D .

    11.4.2.

    T .

    11.4.3.

    T 3.5 . T , 2 3.5 4

    5.25