Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
1
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Good Morning!
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
2
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Chapter 3:Section 1
The Nervous System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
3
Chapter 3Chapter 3
What does the Nervous System do???
Thinking Feeling Moving Dreaming Regulates internal functions Learning/memory Etc….
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
4
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Consists of 2 main parts:
1. Central Nervous System:• Brain and spinal cord
2. Peripheral Nervous System:* made up of nerve cells that send messages between the central nervous system and all the parts of the body.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
5
Chapter 3Chapter 3
The Central Nervous System:
Consists of brain and spinal cord
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
6
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Chapter 3: Section 2
The Brain: Our Control Center
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
7
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Main Objective:
Identify the major structures of the brain, and explain the functions of each structure.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
8
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Brain Divided into 3 Sections:
1. Hindbrain
2. Midbrain
3. Forebrain
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
9
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Hindbrain:
Medulla: Vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and
breathing. Pons:
Located in front of medulla and is involved in regulating body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness.
Cerebellum: Balance and coordination.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
10
Chapter 3Chapter 3
The Midbrain:
Located between hindbrain and forebrain. Vision and hearing Contains part of reticular activating system:
Part of brain that is involved in attention, sleep, and arousal.
EXEX: Drugs/alcohol can affect
this alertness.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
11
Chapter 3Chapter 3
The Forebrain:
Involved in complex thinking processes!!
4 key areas:1. Thalamus
2. Hypothalamus
3. Limbic System
4. Cerebrum
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
12
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Thalamus:
The structure of the brain that relays messages from the sense organs to the cerebral cortex. EX: Relays message to brain, such as pain, in
order for brain to respond.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
13
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Hypothalamus:
The neural structure located below the thalamus that controls temperature, hunger, thirst, and various aspects of emotion: Sexual behavior; caring for offspring,
aggression; etc….
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
14
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Limbic System:
A group of neural structures at the base of the cerebral hemispheres that is associated with emotion, motivation, hunger, sex, and aggression.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
15
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Cerebrum:
The large mass of the forebrain, consisting of two hemispheres.
Cerebral Cortex: The bumpy, convoluted surface
of the brain; the body’s control
and information-processing center.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
16
Chapter 3Chapter 3
The Cerebral Cortex: What Makes Us Unique
Made up of right and left hemispheres.
Corpus callosum: The nerve fibers that connect
the left and right hemispheres
of the cerebral cortex.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
17
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Information received by one side of the body is transmitted to the OPPOSITE hemisphere of the brain.
Each hemisphere of the brain is divided into four parts/lobes.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
18
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Complete Lobes of Brain Handout!COLOR AND LABEL!
Occipital Lobe: BlueParietal Lobe: RedTemporal Lobe: YellowFrontal Lobe: Green
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
19
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Complete the following on the SAME handout!
Occipital Lobe: Vision
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
20
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Temporal Lobe:
Hearing/Auditory
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
21
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Parietal Lobe:
Sensory Cortex:Warmth, cold ,touch ,and pain
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
22
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Frontal Lobe:
Motor cortex Neurons in the motor cortex fire when we
move certain parts of our body.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
23
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Association Areas:
Association areas: Areas of the cerebral cortex that are involved in
such mental operations as thinking, memory, learning, and problem solving.
Shape information into something meaningful.EX: Puzzle
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
24
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Language Abilities:
Right-handed people:
Language functions based in left hemisphere
About 2 out of 3 left-handed people:
Language in left hemisphere
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
25
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Left vs. Right Hemispheres:
Left Hemisphere: Language, logic, problem solving, mathematical
computation. Right Hemisphere:
Imagination, art, feelings, and spatial relations.
Even though have heard “right brained” and “left brained” the hemispheres DO NOT act independently of each other!!
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
26
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Methods of Studying the Brain:
1. Accidents: Accidents and brain damage
2. Electrical Stimulation of the Brain:
Stimulate parts of brain to change behavioral patterns.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
27
Chapter 3Chapter 3
3. The Electroencephalogram (EEG): Electrodes record electrical activity of brain. Used to diagnose some psychological disorders
and locate tumors.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
PPSYCHOLOGYSYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE
28
Chapter 3Chapter 3
4. Scans: CAT scan : Computerized axial tomography
3-dimensionanl view of brain.
MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging More powerful; shows details more clearly
PET scan: Positron emission tomography Show activity of brain at given time
