History of Mac OS

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Apple marketed its operating system software as "Mac OS", beginning in 1997.

OnJanuary 24,1984, Apple Computer Inc. (nowApple Inc.) introduced theMacintoshpersonalcomputer, with theMacintosh 128Kmodel, which came bundled with theMac OSoperating system, then known as

the System Software.[citation needed] The Macintosh is often credited with popularizing thegraphical user interface. TheMac OShas been pre-installed on almost every Macintosh computer ever sold. The operating

system is also sold separately at Apple retail stores, and online. The originalMac OSwas partially based on theLisa OS, previously released by Apple for theLisacomputer in 1983 and, as part of an agreement

allowing Xerox to buy shares in Apple at a favorable rate, it also used concepts from theXerox PARCXerox Alto, whichSteve Jobsand several other Macintosh team members had previewed.

Contents

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[edit]Early history

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[edit]Development

The Macintosh project started in early 1979 withJef Raskin, who envisioned an easy-to-use, low-cost computer for the average consumer. In September 1979, Raskin was given permission to start hiring for the

project and was, in particular, looking for an engineer that could put together a prototype.Bill Atkinson, a member of theApple Lisateam, introduced him toBurrell Smith, a service technician who had been hired

earlier that year.[citation needed]

In January 1981,Steve Jobscompletely took over the Macintosh project. Jobs and a number of Apple engineers visited Xerox PARC in December 1979, three months after the Lisa and Macintosh projects had

begun. After hearing about the pioneeringGUItechnology being developed atXerox PARCfrom former Xerox employees like Raskin, Jobs negotiated a visit to see theXerox Altocomputer

andSmalltalkdevelopment tools in exchange for Apple stock options.[1]The final Lisa and Macintosh operating systems mostly used concepts from the Xerox Alto, but many elements of the graphical user interface

were created by Apple including the menubar, pop-up menus and the concepts ofdrag and dropanddirect manipulation.[2]

Unlike theIBM PC, which used 8 kB of systemROMforpower-on self-test(POST) and basic input/output system(BIOS), the Mac ROM was significantly larger (64 kB) and held key OS code. Much of the original

Mac ROM was coded byAndy Hertzfeld, a member of the original Macintosh team. He was able to conserve some of the precious ROM space by interleaving some of theassembly languagecode. In addition to

coding the ROM, he also coded the kernel, theMacintosh Toolboxand some of thedesktop accessories(DAs) as well. Theiconsof the operating system, which representedfoldersandapplication softwarewere

designed bySusan Kare, who later designed the icons forMicrosoft Windows 3.0.Bruce HornandSteve Cappswrote theMacintosh Finderas well as a number of Macintosh system utilities.

Apple was very strong in advertising their newfound machine. After it was created, the company bought all39 pages of advertisement spacein the Newsweek magazine, 1984 November/December edition. Apple

was so successful in its marketing for the Macintosh, that it quickly outshone its more sophisticated predecessor, theLisa, in sales so much so that Apple quickly developed a product calledMacWorkswhich

allowed the Lisa to emulate Macintosh system software through System 3, by which time it had been discontinued as the re-brandedMacintosh XL. Many of Lisa's operating system advances would not appear in

the Macintosh OS until System 7.

[edit]Release
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The first version of theMac OS(simply called System) is easily distinguished between other operating systems from the same period because it does not use acommand lineinterface; it was one of the first

operating systems to use an entirelygraphical user interface. Additional to thesystem kernelis theFinder, anapplicationused for file management, which also displays theDesktop. The two files were contained in

a folder directory labeledSystem Folder, which contained other resource files, like aprinter driver, needed to interact with the System.

[edit]System 1, 2, 3 & 4

Original 1984 Mac OS desktop

These releases could only run one application at a time, though special application shells such asSwitcher(discussed underMultiFinder) could work around this to some extent. System 1.0, 1.1, and 2.0 used aflat

filesystem with only onekludgedlevel of folders, calledMacintosh File System(MFS); its support for folders (subdirectories) was incomplete. System 2.0 added support forAppleTalkand the newly

introducedLaserWriterto use it. System 2.1 (Finder 5.0) introduced theHFS(Hierarchical File System) which had real directories. This version was specifically to support theHard Disk 20and only implemented

HFS inRAM, startup and most floppy disks remained MFS 400K volumes. System 3.0 was introduced with theMac Plus, officially implementing HFS and 800K startup drives and adding support for several new

technologies includingSCSIandAppleShareand introducing Trash "bulging" (i.e., when the Trash contained files, it would gain a bulged appearance). System 4.0 came with theMac SEandMacintosh II, which

required additional support for the firstexpansion slots, theApple Desktop Bus(ADB), internal hard drives and on the Mac II, color, larger displays and the firstMotorola 68020processor.[3]

Changes in early Macintosh operating systems are best reflected in the version number of theFinder, where major leaps are found between 1.x, 4.x, 5.x, and 6.x.

System Software Release[4]

System Version[4]

Release Date[4]

FinderVersion[4]

LaserWriter Version[4]

Release Information[4]

Mac System Software 1.0 (.97)[5] January 24[citation needed], 1984 1.0 Initial Release

Mac System Software (0.1) 1.1[citation needed] May 5[citation needed], 1984 1.1g Maintenance Release, Added Mountain scene, About box, Clean

Mac System Software (0.3 & 0.5) 2.0 April 1985[citation needed] 4.1 Finder Update

System software[5]

[6][7]

2.1[5] September 1985[5] 5.0[6][7] Release forHard Disk 20support[5][6][7]

Mac System Software (0.7) 3.0 January 1986[citation needed] 5.1 1.1[citation needed] Introduced withMac Plus[citation needed]

System Software 1.0 3.1 February 1986[citation needed] 5.2 1.1

System Software 1.1 3.2 February[citation needed] 1986 5.3 3.1 Fixed problems with data loss, system crashes; updated Chooser and C

System Software 2.0 3.3 January 1987 5.4 3.1 Release for Macintosh IIandSE

System software[8]

3.4[8] 6.1[8] Release forMacintosh 512KeAppleShare 2.0 suppor

System Software 2.01 4.0 March 1987[citation needed] 5.4 3.3 IntroducedAppleShare [citation needed]

System Software 2.01 4.1 April 1987[citation needed] 5.5 4.0 Maintenance Release of System Software. Updated LaserWr

[edit]System Software 5

System Software 5 (also referred to as simply System 5) addedMultiFinder, an extension which let the system run several programs at once. The system used aco-operative multitaskingmodel, meaning that time

was given to the background applications only when the running application yielded control. A clever change in system functions that applications were already calling to handle events made many existing

applications share time automatically. Users could also choose to not use MultiFinder, and thus stick with using a single application at a time as in previous releases of the system software.

System Software 5 was also the first Macintosh operating system to be given a unified "Macintosh System Software" version number, as opposed to the numbers used for the System and Finder files.

System Software 5 was available for a very short time and only in some countries, including the United States.

System Software Release[4] System Version[4] Release Date[4] FinderVersion[4] MultiFinderVersion[4] LaserWriter Version[4] Release Information[4

5.0 4.2 1987 circa 6.0 1.0 5.0 Initial Release

5.1 4.3 1988 circa 6.0 1.0 5.1 Updated LaserWriter Driver and new version

[edit]System Software 6

Main article:System 6
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ipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-operative_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-operative_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-operative_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_Finderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_Finderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_LaserWriterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_LaserWriterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apple_Macintosh_Desktop.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apple_Macintosh_Desktop.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_Finderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printer_driverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Mac_OS&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiFinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kludgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_File_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleTalkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaserWriterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_File_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_Disk_20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_Plushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleSharehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_SEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Desktop_Bushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola_68020http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-2%23cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finder_(software)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_Finderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_LaserWriterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versionhistory-3%23cite_note-versionhistory-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versiontable-4%23cite_note-versiontable-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-versiontable-4%23cite_note-versiontable-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-5.0-5%23cite_note-5.0-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note-5.0HFS-6%23cite_note-5.0HFS-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_history#cite_note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3/7

System Software 6 (also referred to simplyas System 6) was a consolidation release of the Mac OS, producing a complete, stable, and long-lasting operating system. Two major hardware introductions requiring

additional support under System 6 were the68030processor and 1.44MBSuperDrivedebuting with theMacintosh IIxandMacintosh SE/30. Later it would include support for the first specialized laptop features

with the introduction of theMacintosh Portable. From System 6 forward, the Finder would have a unified version number closely matching that of the System, alleviating much of the confusion caused by the often

considerable differences between earlier Systems.[9]

System Version[4]

Release Date[4]

FinderVersion[4]

MultiFinderVersion[4]

LaserWriterVersion[4]

Release Informatio

6.0 April, 1988[citation needed] 6.1 6.0 5.2 Initial Release

6.0.1 September 19[citation needed], 1988 6.1.1 6.0.1 5.2 Release forMacintosh IIx

6.0.2 Late 1988[citation needed] 6.1 6.0.1 5.2 Maintenance Releas

6.0.3 March 7[citation needed], 1989 6.1 6.0.3 5.2 Release for Macintosh IIc

6.0.4 September 20[citation needed], 1989 6.1.4 6.0.4 5.2 Release for Macintosh Portablea

6.0.5 March 19[citation needed], 1990 6.1.5 6.0.5 5.2 Release for Macintosh IIf

6.0.6 October 15[citation needed], 1990 6.1.6 6.0.6 5.2 Not released because of Apple

6.0.7 October 16[citation needed], 1990 6.1.7 6.0.7 5.2 Official release for Macintosh LC,IIs

6.0.8 April, 1991[citation needed] 6.1.8 6.0.8 7.0 Updated printing software to match sof

6.0.8L Late 1991/Early 1992[citation needed] 6.1.8[citation needed] 6.0.8[citation needed] 7.0[citation needed] Limited maintenance release for P

[edit]System 7

Theneutralityof this section isdisputed. Please see the discussion on thetalk page. Please do not remove this message until thedispute is resolved.(December

2007)

Main article:System 7

On May 13, 1991 System 7 was released. It was the second major upgrade to the Mac OS, adding a significantuser interfaceoverhaul, new applications, stability improvements and many new features. Its

introduction coincided with the release of and provided support for the68040Macintosh line.

Perhaps the most significant feature of System 7 was page swapping support, which previously had only been available as a third-party add-on. Accompanying this was a move to32-bitmemory addressing,

necessary for the ever-increasing amounts ofRAMavailable to the Motorola 68030 CPU. Earlier versions of Mac OS had used the lower24 bitsfor addressing, and the upper8 bitsfor flags. This had been an

effective solution for earlier Macintosh models with very limited amounts of RAM, but it became a liability[11]later. Apple described code that assumed the 24 + 8-bit addressing as being "not 32-bit clean", and most

such applications would crash when 32-bit addressing was enabled by the user. The original Macs used the Motorola 68000 CPU which could address only 16 MB of memory. 24 Bits is all that is needed to

address the 16MB memory space. This was a hardware limitation, not a system software design fault. The 68020/68030/68040 CPUs have 32-bit address buses and can address up to 4 GB of physical memory.

As Apple moved to the 68030 CPU it needed to allow the use of more than 16 MB of memory. Thus the transition to 32-bit clean ROMs and software had to be implemented.

One notable System 7 feature was the built-inco-operative multitasking. In System Software 6, this function was optional through the MultiFinder. System 7 also introducedaliases, similar toshortcutsthat were

introduced in later versions of Microsoft Windows.System extensionswere enhanced, by being moved to their own subfolder; a subfolder in theSystem Folderwas also created for thecontrol panels. In System

7.5, Apple included the Extensions Manager, a previously third-party program which simplified the process of enabling and disabling extensions.

The Apple menu, home only to desk accessories in System 6, was made more general-purpose: the user could now make often-used folders and applicationsor anything else they desiredappear in the menu

by placing aliases to them in an "Apple Menu Items" subfolder of the System Folder.AppleScript, ascripting languagefor automating tasks, was also introduced with System 7.32-bitQuickDraw, supporting so-

called "true color" imaging, was also included as standard; it was previously available as a system extension.TrueType, anoutline fontstandard, was also introduced with System 7.

The Trash, under System 6 and earlier, would empty itself automatically when shutting down the computer or, if MultiFinder were not running, when launching an application. System 7 reimplemented the Trash as

a special hidden folder, allowing files to remain in it across reboots until the user deliberately chose the "Empty Trash" command.

System 7.1 was mainly a bugfix release, with a few minor features added. System 7.1 was not only the first operating system to cost money (all previous versions were free or sold at the cost of the floppies), but

also received a "Pro" sibling with extra features. System 7.1.2 was the first version to support PowerPC-based Macs. System 7.1 also introduced the System Enablers as a method to support new models without

updating the actual System file. This led to extra files inside the system folder (one per new model supported) that some users found unpleasing.

System 7.5 introduced a large number of "high level" additions, considered by some to be less well thought-out than they could have been.[citation needed]Many of the new features were based on shareware

applications that Apple bought and included into the new system. On the newer PowerPC machines, System 7.5 was plagued by stability problems due partly to a new memory manager (which can be turned off),

and poor OS handling of errors in PowerPC code (all PowerPC exceptions map to Type 11). These growing pains did not afflict the 68k-architecture machines.

[edit]Mac OS 7.6
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4/7

This section does notciteany references or sources. Please helpimprove this articleby adding citations toreliable sources. Unsourced material may


Stability improved in PPC Macs with Mac OS 7.6, which dropped the "System" moniker as a more-trademarkable name was needed in order to license the OS to the growing market of third-partyMacintosh

clonemanufacturers. Mac OS 7.6 required a68030CPU and 32 bit clean ROMs, and so dropped support for many of the early Macs, including theMac PlusandMac II.

[edit]Version history

This section does notciteany references or sources. Please helpimprove this articleby adding citations toreliable sources. Unsourced material may


System 7.0(integratedMultiFinderalways enabled)

System 7.0.1 (introduced withLC IIandQuadraseries)

System 7 Tuner (update for both 7.0 and 7.0.1)

System 7.1

System 7.1 Pro (version 7.1.1, combined withPowerTalk,Speech Manager&Macintalk,Thread Manager)

System 7.1.2 (first version forMacsequipped with aPowerPCprocessor)

System 7.1.2P (only for Performa/LC/Quadra 630 series, very quickly replaced by 7.5)

System 7.5

System 7.5.1 (System 7.5 Update 1.0 the first Macintosh operating system to call itself "Mac OS")

System 7.5.2 (first version forPower Macsthat usePCIexpansion cards, usable only on these Power Macs and PowerBooks5300and Duo 2300)

System 7.5.3 (System 7.5 Update 2.0)

System 7.5.3L (only for Mac clones)

System 7.5.3 Revision 2

System 7.5.3 Revision 2.1 (only for Performa 6400/180 and 6400/200)

System 7.5.4, released very briefly and withdrawn within hours. Replaced by 7.5.5

System 7.5.5 Last to support non-32 bit clean Macs, including all with less than a68030CPU.

Mac OS 7.6 (name formally changed because of the experimentalcloneprogram, although System 7.5.1 and later used the "Mac OS" name on the splash screen)

Mac OS 7.6.1 Proper PowerPC error handling introduced.

Performasused to have their own, exclusive operating system before they were merged into System 7.5.

System 7.0.1P

System 7.1P

System 7.1P1

System 7.1P2

System 7.1P3 (last release with new features)

System 7.1P4

System 7.1P5

System 7.1P6
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[edit]Mac OS 8



Main article:Mac OS 8

Mac OS 8.1 desktop

Mac OS 8 was released on July 26, 1997, shortly afterSteve Jobsreturned to the company. It was mainly released to keep the Mac OS moving forward during a difficult time for Apple. Initially planned as Mac OS

7.7, it was renumbered "8" to exploit a legal loophole to accomplish Jobs's goal of terminating third-party manufacturers' licenses to System 7 and shutting down theMacintosh clonemarket.[citation needed]8.0 added a

number of features from the stillbornCoplandproject, while leaving the underlying operating system unchanged. Amulti-threadedFinder was included, enabling better multi-tasking. The GUI was changed in

appearance to a new shaded greyscale look calledPlatinum, and the ability to change the appearance themes (also known asskins) was added with a new control panel. This capability was provided by a new

"appearance" API layer within the OS, one of the few significant changes.

Apple sold 1.2 million copies of Mac OS 8 in its first two weeks of availability and 3 million within six months. In light of Apple's financial difficulties at the time, there was a large grassroots movement among Mac

users to upgrade and 'help save Apple'. Even some pirate groups refused to redistribute the OS.[citation needed]

Mac OS 8.1 saw the introduction of an updated version of theHierarchical File SystemcalledHFS Plus, which fixed many of the limitations of the earlier system (HFS Plus continues to be used in Mac OS X).

There were some other interface changes such as separating network features from printing (the venerable, and rather oddChooserwas at last headed for retirement), and some improvements to application

switching. However, in underlying technical respects, Mac OS 8 was not very different from System 7.

Mac OS 8.5 focused on speed and stability, with lots of old 68k code replaced by modern code native to the PowerPC. It also improved the appearance on the system, although the theming feature was cut late in

development.

Mac OS 8.0(first version to require a68040processor, dropping support for the remainder of theMacintosh II seriesand other68030Macs, added support for thePowerPC G3processor)

Mac OS 8.1 (last version to run on a68Kprocessor, added support forUSBon the BondiiMac, added support for HFS+)

Mac OS 8.5 (first version to run only on aPowerPCprocessor, added built-in support forFirewireon thePowerMac G3)

Mac OS 8.5.1

Mac OS 8.6 (included a newnanokernelfor improved performance andMultiprocessing Services2.0 support, added support for thePowerPC G4processor)

[edit]Mac OS 9



Main article:Mac OS 9

Mac OS 9 was released on October 23, 1999. It was generally a steady evolution from Mac OS 8. Early development releases of Mac OS 9 were numbered 8.7. Mac OS 9 added improved support for AirPort

wireless networking. It introduced an early implementation of multi-user support (though not considered a true multi-user operating system by modern standards). An improvedSherlocksearch engine added

several new search plug-ins. Mac OS 9 also provided a much improved memory implementation and management. AppleScript was improved to allow TCP/IP and networking control. Mac OS 9 also made the first
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use of the centralized Apple Software Update to find and install OS and hardware updates. Other new features included its on-the-fly file encryption software with code signing and Keychain technologies, Remote

Networking and File Server packages and much improved list of USB drivers.

Mac OS 9 also added some transitional technologies to help application developers adopt some Mac OS X features before the introduction of the new OS to the public, again easing the transition. These included

new APIs for thefile system, and the bundling of theCarbonlibrary that apps could link against instead of the traditional API libraries apps that were adapted to do this can be run natively on Mac OS X as well.

Other changes were made in Mac OS 9 to allow it to be booted in the "classic environment" within Mac OS X. This is a compatibility layer in Mac OS X (in fact a Mac OS X application, originally codenamed the

"blue box") that runs a complete Mac OS 9 operating system, so allowing applications that have not been ported to Carbon to run on Mac OS X. This is reasonably seamless, though "classic" applications retain

their original Mac OS 8/9 appearance and do not gain the Mac OS X "Aqua" appearance.

Mac OS 9.0

Mac OS 9.0.2

Mac OS 9.0.3

Mac OS 9.0.4

Mac OS 9.1

Mac OS 9.2

Mac OS 9.2.1

Mac OS 9.2.2

[edit]Mac OS X

Main article:History of Mac OS X

Mac OS X (pronounced/mk o s t n/ )[12]is the line of graphicaloperating systemsdeveloped, marketed, and sold byApple Inc.which succeeded the original Mac OS, which had been Apple's primary

operating system since 1984. Unlike the earlier Macintosh operating system, Mac OS X isaUnix-based operating system[13]built on technology developed atNeXTfrom the second half of the 1980s until early

1997, when Apple purchased the company.[14]

The first version wasMac OS X Server 1.0in 1999, which retained the earlier Mac operating system's "platinum" appearance and even resembledOPENSTEP in places. The desktop-oriented version,Mac OS X

v10.0, followed in March 2001 sporting the new Aqua user interface. Since then, six more distinct "end-user" and "server" versions have been released, most recentlyMac OS X v10.6in August 2009. Releases of

Mac OS X are named afterbig cats. For example, Apple calls Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard," while its previous release was called"Tiger."

Versions ofMac OS X:

Mac OS X v10.0(Cheetah)

Mac OS X v10.1(Puma)

Mac OS X v10.2(Jaguar)

Mac OS X v10.3(Panther)

Mac OS X v10.4(Tiger)

Mac OS X v10.5(Leopard)

Mac OS X v10.6(Snow Leopard)

[edit]Timeline
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Documents

History of Mac OS