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The Eruption Prediction Game
Ages 8 and up2 to 5 players Volcanic eruptions have wreaked havoc
throughout history. Thanks to the work of generations of scientists, the behavior and
hazards of volcanoes are now better understood and warning systems are much improved. Many
countries have Volcano Observatories, whose purpose is identifying the precursors to an impending
eruption and warning the public. But volcanoes are tricky and the unexpected can always happen, sometimes
leading to disasters despite best efforts. In this game, you head a Volcano Observatory that is racing to predict the next
big eruption and save as many lives as possible. Good luck!
CONTENTS 122 Cards
42 Volcano Cards: 34 Volcanoes, orange 6 Disasters, red 2 Reference Cards (set aside - for information only)80 Observatory Cards: 43 Monitoring, green – 32 Precursors, 1 Wild Card – 10 False Alarms 23 Action, blue
RULES OF PLAYOBJECT:To be the player with the most points (lives saved) when the game ends.
SETUP:A. Sort the cards into two decks, identified on their backs as Volcano cards and Observatory cards, and shuffle each deck thoroughly. Place the Volcano deck face down to one side.
B. Deal each player seven cards from the Observatory deck and place the deck face down in the center as the draw pile. Played and discarded cards will sit face up in a discard pile next to the draw pile. Players should look at their cards. Check the bottom of all green Monitoring cards so you can tell a true Precursor from a False Alarm.BASIC GAME PLAY:A. The player to the left of the dealer begins by laying one or more cards face up on the discard pile. There are
four ways to play your card(s) on each turn:
1. PREDICT AN ERUPTION. Lay down three Monitoring-Precursor cards and take a Volcano card. This is how you gain–and lose–points (see box below).
2. ADD A HAZARD CARD to a Volcano card (see box below). 3. PLAY AN ACTION CARD. Most of these will be played against another player–any player. Follow the
instructions on the card (see box on reverse). 4. DISCARD one card if you can’t do any of the above. This is one way to get rid of Monitoring-False
Alarms.
B. Draw enough cards from the Observatory deck to bring your hand back to 7 cards. If you took a card from an opponent, she will need to draw a new card. If both players need to draw, the one who played first should draw first.
At the end of every turn, all players should have seven cards.
C. Play continues to the left (clockwise). If the draw pile runs out, reshuffle the discard pile and start a new draw pile.
VOLCANIC DISASTER
TM
1. PREDICT AN ERUPTION (Earn Points)
When you have collected three green Monitoring-Precursor cards, each from a different category, you lay them on the discard pile and predict an eruption. Categories: Earth-quakes, Geology, Ground Deformation, Volcanic Gases. There is one WILD CARD that can substitute for any category Precursor. Watch out for False Alarms: if you’re caught trying to predict an eruption with one you forfeit your turn! Take back your cards; don’t draw any new ones. Next, state “I’m predicting the eruption of...” and draw a Volcano card, say its name, and lay it face up in front of you. If you have drawn a Disaster card, your turn ends. If you have drawn a Volcano, look at the bottom of the card for its associated “Hazards.” If you have any
matching yellow Hazard cards in your hand, lay them on the Volcano card for extra points.
2. ADD A HAZARD CARD (Earn Points) If you draw a Hazard card later in the game that matches with one of your Volcano cards, on another turn you may lay it on and get the extra point(s). This counts as your turn. Add only one Hazard per turn.
2St. HelensWashington, USA
Type: StratovolcanoEruption: PlinianLast Major Eruption: 1980
HAZARDS: Pyroclastic Flows, Ashfall, Lahars
You may add as many Hazard cards to your Volcano card as there are hazards listed on the card, but no duplicates are allowed.
MONITORING
Earthquakes
FALSE ALARM
Teleseism
Signal from a large, but
very distant earthquake.
Points
HAZARD
Pyroclastic Flows
2
Fast-moving (50 to 100 mph), superheated flows of gas, ash and rocks from collapsing ash columns.
Evacuate ... NOW !
LOSING A VOLCANOThere is one “Eruption dies off” card which you play to make another player lose one Volcano card, returning it to the bottom of the Volcano card pile. There is no blocking this card. The other player gets to choose which Volcano is discarded. Any associated Hazard cards go to the discard pile. Disaster cards are never put back, but can be shifted to another player by a Weasel card.
DRAW UP TO 2 CARDS Several Action cards allow you to draw up to two cards. When you play this card, you may then immediately draw a card and decide whether to keep it or discard it. If you keep it, your turn ends. If you discard it, you may draw another card and keep it.
TAKE ONE MONITORING CARDIf you play one of these cards, choose a player who must give you one of his Monitoring cards. Some of these cards are category-specific (Geology, Earthquake, Deformation, Gases). If the card is not specific, you choose the category. But beware, the other player may give you a False Alarm. He will then need to draw a card. If the other player has no monitoring card from the right category, you simply draw a card and your turn ends.
WINNINGWhen one player has successfully predicted five eruptions (that is, collected five Volcano cards, not including Disaster cards), play stops and each player counts up the total number of points in their Volcano collection. When counting points, include Volcano, Disaster, and Hazard cards. The player with the most points wins.
If time is limited, you may wish to end the game when one player collects four cards or after a set amount of time (we recom-mend at least 20 minutes). Alternately, play two or more games and add up points from all games to find the ultimate winner - an honorary Volcanologist.
STEALING A VOLCANOSeveral of the Action cards allow you to steal another player’s Volcano card. If the other player can immediately play a blocking card (the Medals) by laying it on the discard pile, nothing happens. If the other player has no blocking card, you choose which Volcano to take. Any associated Hazard cards stay with the Volcano and come to you. You must wait until another turn to add any new Hazards.
ACTION
PresidentialMedalFor contributions in
service to your countryBLOCKS theft of a
VOLCANO card
ACTION
Take-over!
New Head of Volcano
Observatory takes
credit
STEAL one VOLCANO card
from another player
ACTION
Weasel cardShift the blameto someone else
Pass DISASTER card toanother player
ACTION
Eruption dies
off suddenly
Make another player put
back one VOLCANO card
3. PLAY AN ACTION CARD
MONITORINGGeology
Establishes the timing, natureand extent of past eruptions.
HAZARDS MAP
Mt.
Am
bae,
Van
uatu
PRECURSOR
MONITORING
PRECURSOR
Ground Deformation
Magma’s moving up, makingthe volcano swell. Be ready!
INFLATION
MONITORING
PRECURSOR
Volcanic Gases
Sulfur dioxide gas typicallyincreases before and during
an eruption. Be ready!
SO2 Increasing
ABOUT THE GAME While “Volcanic Disaster” is primarily a game of strategy and luck, our goal in producing this game is to introduce you to a sampling of the world’s volcanoes and their various hazards, and to give you a sense of what it takes to successfully forecast volcanic eruptions and save lives. It isn’t as straightforward as you’d think. The points assigned to each volcano basically rank how deadly this volcano has been in the past, or how deadly it could potentially be given its history and the number of people living near it. The higher the number, the more dangerous the volcano. Past eruptions with death tolls higher than 1000 are listed in bold on the cards. Some of the world’s most active volcanoes rank at the low end either because of their style of eruption (Mauna Loa and Etna mostly put out lava flows, less dangerous to human life than pyroclastic flows, for example) or because not many people live nearby (Augustine, Ruapehu). Several volcanoes got high points even though they shouldn’t erupt anytime soon, because if they did, the results could be catastrophic (Yellowstone, Crater Lake). Volcano Video Productions PO Box 5150, Hilo, HI 96720 Tel & Fax: 808-959-3885 E-mail: [email protected]
©2010 Volcano Video Productions. All worldwide rights reserved.
www.volcanicdisastergame.com
Volcano Photos: Arenal: Eliecer Duarte, OVSICORI-UNA; Augustine: Game McGimsey, AVO-USGS; Crater Lake: Willie Scott, USGS; El Chichón: Martin Jutzeler; Cotopaxi: public domain; Etna: NASA; Fuji: Alexander Mirochnik; Galunggung: R. Hadian, USGS; Kilauea: USGS; Klyuchevskoy: Yuri V. Demyanchuk, Inst. of Volcanology & Seismology FED RAS; Krakatau: Volc. Surv. Indonesia; Laki/Grimsvötn: Freysteinn Sigmundsson, Nordic Volcanological Center; Lassen: Russell Virgilio, NPS; Mauna Loa: NASA/NOAA; Mayon: Chris Newhall, USGS; Misti: Anthony Finizola; Nevado del Ruiz: USGS; Nyiragongo: J.P. Lockwood; Pelèe: Lee Siebert, Smithsonian; Pinatubo: Dave Harlow, USGS; Piton de la Fournaise: Paul-Edouard Bernard de la Jartre; Popocatépetl: Matthew Bennett, Bournemouth Univ.; Rabaul: USGS; Rainer: Lyn Topinka, USGS; Ruapehu: New Zealand GeoNet project and sponsors EQC, GNS Science and LINZ; Santa Maria: John Lyons, MTU; Soufrière Hills: David Lea; St. Helens: Robert Krimmel, USGS; Stromboli: Bernard Chouet, USGS; Taal: H. Gaudru, SVE Geneva; Tambora: NASA; Unzen: Setsuya Nakada; Vesuvius: Jeff Matthews; Yellowstone: LANDSAT image, NASA; Yellowstone geyser: Jim Peaco, NPS; Volcano Card Back: Sarychev: ISS Expedition 20 crew/NASAHazard Photos: Lahar: Ruapehu, Horizons Regional Council, NZ; Ashfall: Rabaul, USGS; Ashfall (airplane): Pinatubo, R.L. Rieger, USN; Pyroclastic Flow: St. Helens, P.W. Lipman, USGS; Pyroclastic Flow: Soufrière Hills, Monserrat, Anthony Finizola; Lava Flows: Kilauea, J.Griggs, USGS; Lava Flows: Kilauea, J. Judd, USGS; Starvation: Pelèe, J.C. Wilson; Tsunami: Katsushika Hokusai; Lava Dome: Novarupta, CG Reyes, USGS; Lava Domes: Santiaguito, R.W. Sanderson; Observatory Card Back: Monitoring Mt. Augustine: T.A. Plucinski, AVO-USGSBox Cover Photos: Redoubt (top photo): R. Clucas, USGS; St. Helens (background): R. Kimmel, USGS; Kilauea: J. Griggs, USGS; Rainier: L. Topinka, USGS; Bromo & Semeru: Roger Olivier; Yellowstone geyser: George Marler, NPS; All monitoring photos: USGS.Hazard Maps: Rainer, Lassen, Kilauea & Mauna Loa: all USGS; Ambae, Vanuatu: the UN OCHA-ROAP Inform. Management Unit; Merapi: Geol. Survey of Indonesia; Kilauea (Infrared): HVO-USGS; Popocatépetl: Mike Sheridan, SUNY-Buffalo & Nat. Univ. of Mexico (UNAM); Ubinas, Peru: INGEMMET, Peru. Volcanic Gas: Augustine: monitoring, MC. Coombs, by sea (2 photos), C. Read, both AVO-USGS; Kilauea: Pu`u `O`o, J. Kauahikaua, summit, T. Orr, both HVO-USGS; Gas monitoring, Mageik, Alaska: USGS. Deformation Radar Images: Three Sisters & Yellowstone, C. Wicks; Mauna Loa, M. Poland; Mt. Peulik, Z. Lu; all USGS, with data from the European Space Agency.
For more information on volcanoes and definitions of terms used, see our website: www.volcanicdisastergame.com
Game by: Drs. Cheryl Gansecki & Ken HonWith help from Emma & Mara Hon & friends,plus colleagues from the Univ. of Hawaii-Hilo and the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.
Thanks to all the wonderful people who donated their volcano photos!
SIMPLIFIED PLAYFor faster learning time - good for beginners, younger players, and classroom use - remove the blue ACTION cards from the Observatory deck and deal only six cards per player. Then follow the instructions for basic game play, but there will be only three options for play: predicting eruptions, matching hazards, or discarding a card. Each player should have six cards at the end of every turn.
Play is faster and easier, so the draw pile will run out more quickly. Simply reshuffle the discard pile. When one player has collected five Volcano cards, each remaining player gets one more turn, then the game ends. The player with the most points wins. Alternative ways to end the game are described above under “Winning.”
