Hazardous Locations Definitions

UL’s HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS SERVICES

-Over 75 Years of Worldwide HazLoc Certifications-

333 PFINGSTEN ROAD

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COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS, NORTHBROOK, IL USA

Page 2 of 53

Contents

Topic Section

UL’s Hazardous Locations Services 1

Class I Technical Overview 2

Class II Technical Overview 3

Class III Technical Overview 4

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I, II & III Division Markings 5

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I Division-based Zone Markings 6

Comparison of U.S., Canadian, IEC & European IEC-based Zone Markings 7

List of U.S. Certification Documents with Titles 8

List of Canadian Certification Documents with Titles 9

List of IEC Certification Documents with Titles 10

List of European Certification Documents with Titles 11

Enclosure Type and IP Code Designations 12

Canadian Certification Program 13

General Overview of European Directives 14



Page 3 of 53

Section 1

UL’s Hazardous Locations

Services



Page 4 of 53

UL’s HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS SERVICES Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) is the leading third-party product safety certification organization

in the United States and the largest in North America. Since its founding in 1894, UL has played a key

role in the U.S. Safety System. For more than 100 years, UL has dedicated itself to public safety, and

the UL Mark has become America‟s most familiar safety symbol.

In addition to domestic safety certification, UL can assist manufacturers who plan to enter foreign

markets by helping them understand and meet international safety requirements and obtain product

export approvals.

Through cooperative arrangements with many international standard, testing, certification or quality

registration organizations, UL can evaluate products to other countries‟ standards and facilitate

acceptance by multiple certification organizations with one product submittal. “One-Stop-Shopping”

can provide you with certification for the U.S., Canada, Europe, Brazil and many other countries

throughout the globe.

In summary, UL can assist manufacturers of equipment for use in hazardous locations with the

following services:

Certification of equipment for the U.S. and Canadian Division and Zone area classification

systems.

Local testing to CENELEC (European Norm) standards and assistance in obtaining the CE

Marking and Epsilon-X Mark and associated Certificates of Conformity through DEMKO

A/S, UL's wholly-owned subsidiary, as well as through other European Notified Bodies such

as KEMA, LCIE and PTB.

Testing to Brazilian requirements for the INMETRO Mark through UC (formerly UCIEE) in

Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Classification of equipment to the IEC requirements for explosive gas atmospheres.

Ingress protection (IP) enclosure testing in accordance with the international standard IEC

60529 or the CENELEC (European Norm) standard EN60529.

Evaluation of products for compliance to FCC regulations and European EMC Directives.

(Check out UL's EMC Services).

Field evaluation of products or systems already installed.

Evaluation of products in accordance with many U.S. federal regulations such as for the U.S.

Coast Guard.

Motor efficiency verification in accordance with IEEE 112 and CSA C390.

Evaluation of motor repair shops in accordance with our Hazardous Locations Rebuilt Motor

Program.

Evaluation of industrial control panel shops in accordance with our Hazardous Locations

Panel Program.

Certification of products or systems in accordance with National Fire Protection Association

(NFPA) requirements.



Page 5 of 53

Section 2

Class I Technical Overview

(flammable gases, vapors or liquids)



Page 6 of 53

Class I Area Classifications

Division 1:

Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

gases, vapors or liquids can exist all of the

time or some of the time under normal

operating conditions.

Zone 0:


gases, vapors or liquids are present

continuously or for long periods of time under

normal operating conditions.

Zone 1:


gases, vapors or liquids are likely to exist

under normal operating conditions.

Division 2:


gases, vapors or liquids are not likely to exist


Zone 2:


gases, vapors or liquids are not likely to exist




Page 7 of 53

Class I, Division 1

A Class I, Division 1 location is a location where ignitable concentrations of flammable

gases, vapors or liquids:

1. can exist under normal operating conditions;

2. may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or leakage; or

3. may exist because of equipment breakdown that simultaneously causes the

equipment to become a source of ignition.

Class I, Division 2

A Class I, Division 2 location is a location:

1. where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors exist, but are

normally confined within closed containers;

2. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

by positive mechanical ventilation; or

3. adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location where ignitable concentrations might be

occasionally communicated.



Page 8 of 53

Class I, Zone 0

A Class I, Zone 0 location is a location where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,

vapors or liquids:

1. are present continuously; or

2. are present for long periods of time.

Class I, Zone 1

A Class I, Zone 1 location is a location:

1. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids are likely to

exist under normal operating conditions;

2. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or leakage; or

3. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

because of equipment breakdown that simultaneously causes the equipment to

become a source of ignition; or

4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

communicated.

Class I, Zone 2

A Class I, Zone 2 location is a location:

1. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids are not likely

to occur in normal operation or, if they do occur, will exist only for a short period;

2. where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors exist, but are

normally confined within closed containers;

3. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

by positive mechanical ventilation; or

4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

communicated.



Page 9 of 53

Class I Groups

Division 1 and 2

Zone 0, 1 and 2

A

(acetylene)

IIC

(acetylene & hydrogen)

B

(hydrogen)

C

(ethylene)

IIB

(ethylene)

D

(propane)

IIA

(propane)



Page 10 of 53

Class I Temperature Codes

Division 1 and 2

Zone 0, 1 and 2

T1 (< 450C)

T1 (< 450C)

T2 (< 300C)

T2 (< 300C)

T2A, B, C, D

(< 280C, < 260C, < 230C, < 215C)

---

T3 (< 200C)

T3 (< 200C)

T3A, B, C

(< 180C, < 165C, < 160C)

---

T4 (< 135C)

T4 (< 135C)

T4A (< 120C)

---

T5 (< 100C)

T5 (< 100C)

T6 (< 85C)

T6 (< 85C)



Page 11 of 53

Class I, Division 1 and 2 Protection Methods

Area

Protection Methods

Applicable Certification

Documents

U.S.

Canada Division 1

Explosionproof Intrinsically Safe (2 fault) Purged/Pressurized (Type X or Y)

UL1203 UL913 NFPA496

CSA-30 CSA-157 NFPA496

Division 2

Hermetically Sealed Nonincendive Non-Sparking Purged/Pressurized (Type Z) Sealed Devices Any Class I, Division 1 method Any Class I, Zone 0, 1 or 2 method

UL 1604 UL 1604 UL 1604 NFPA496 UL 1604

---

UL 2279

CSA-213 CSA-213 CSA-213 NFPA496 CSA-213

---

CSA-E79 Series



Page 12 of 53

Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2 Protection Methods

Area

Protection Methods

Applicable Certification Documents

U.S.

Canada

IEC

Europe

Zone 0

Intrinsically Safe (2 fault), „ia‟ Class I, Division 1 Intrinsically Safe (2 fault)

UL2279, Pt. 11 UL913

CSA-E79-11 CSA-157

IEC60079-11 ---

EN50020 ---

Zone 1

Encapsulation, „m‟ Flameproof, „d‟ Increased Safety, „e‟ Intrinsically Safe (1 fault), „ib‟ Oil immersion, „o‟ Powder Filling, „q‟ Purged/Pressurized, „p‟ Any Class I, Zone 0 method Any Class I, Division 1 method

UL2279, Pt. 18 UL2279, Pt. 1 UL2279, Pt. 7 UL2279, Pt. 11 UL2279, Pt. 6 UL2279, Pt. 5 --- --- ---

CSA-E79-18 CSA-E79-1 CSA-E79-7 CSA-E79-11 CSA-E79-6 CSA-E79-5 CSA-E79-2 --- ---

IEC60079-18 IEC60079-1 IEC60079-7 IEC60079-11 IEC60079-6 IEC60079-5 IEC60079-2 --- ---

EN50028 EN50018 EN50019 EN50020 EN50015 EN50017 EN50016 --- ---

Zone 2

Nonincendive, „nC‟ Non-Sparking, „nA‟ Restricted Breathing, „nR‟ Hermetically Sealed, „nC‟ Energy Limited, „nC‟ („nL‟ for Europe) Simplified pressurization, „nP‟ Any Class I, Zone 0 or 1 method Any Class I, Division 1 or 2 method

UL2279, Pt. 15 UL2279, Pt. 15 UL2279, Pt. 15 UL2279, Pt. 15 UL2279, Pt. 15 --- --- ---

CSA-E79-15 CSA-E79-15 CSA-E79-15 CSA-E79-15 CSA-E79-15 --- --- ---

IEC60079-15 IEC60079-15 IEC60079-15 IEC60079-15 IEC60079-15 --- --- ---

EN50021 EN50021 EN50021 EN50021 EN50021 EN50021 --- ---



Page 13 of 53

Section 3

Class II Technical Overview

(combustible dusts)



Page 14 of 53

Class II Area Classifications

Division 1: Where ignitable concentrations of combustible dusts can exist all of the time or some of the time under normal operating conditions. Division 2: Where ignitable concentrations of combustible dusts are not likely to exist under normal operating conditions.

Class II, Division 1 A Class II, Division 1 location is a location where:

1. ignitable concentrations of combustible dust can exist in the air under normal operating conditions;

2. ignitable concentrations of combustible dust may exist because of equipment

breakdown that simultaneously causes the equipment to become a source of ignition; or

3. electrically conductive combustible dusts may be present in hazardous quantities.

Class II, Division 2 A Class II, Division 2 location is a location where:

1. combustible dust is not normally in the air in ignitable concentrations;

2. dust accumulations are normally insufficient to interfere with normal operation of electrical equipment;

3. dust may be in suspension in the air as the result of infrequent malfunctioning of equipment; or

4. dust accumulation may be sufficient to interfere with safe

dissipation of heat or may be ignitable by abnormal operation.



Page 15 of 53

Class II Groups

Division 1 and 2

E (metals - Div. 1 only)

F (coal)

G (grain)

Class II Temperature Codes

Division 1 and 2

T1 (< 450C)

T2 (< 300C)

T2A, B, C, D

(< 280C, < 260C, < 230C, < 215C)

T3 (< 200C)

T3A, B, C

(< 180C, < 165C, < 160C)

T4 (< 135C)

T4A (< 120C)

T5 (< 100C)

T6 (< 85C)



Page 16 of 53

Class II, Division 1 and 2 Protection Methods

Area

Protection Methods


Documents

U.S.

Canada Division 1

Dust-Ignitionproof Intrinsically Safe Pressurized

UL1203 UL913 NFPA496

CSA-25* CSA-157 NFPA496

Division 2

Dusttight Nonincendive Non-Sparking Pressurized Any Class II, Division 1 method

UL1604 UL1604 UL1604 NFPA496 ---

CSA-157 --- --- NFPA496 ---

*Note: As an alternative to this standard, CSA-E1241-1-1 can be used.



Page 17 of 53

Section 4

Class III Technical Overview

(ignitable fibers & flyings)



Page 18 of 53

Class III Area Classification

Division 1: Where easily ignitable fibers or materials producing combustible flyings are handled, manufactured or used. Division 2: Where easily ignitable fibers are stored or handled.

Class III Groups

Division 1 and 2

None



Page 19 of 53

Class III Temperature Codes*

Division 1 and 2

None

*Note: Article 503 of the NEC limits the maximum temperature for Class III equipment to 165ºC for equipment not subject to overloading and to 120ºC for equipment that may be overloaded.

Class III, Division 1 and 2 Protection Methods

Area

Protection Methods


Documents

U.S.

Canada Division 1

Dusttight Intrinsically Safe

UL1604 UL913

CSA-157 CSA-157

Division 2

Dusttight Intrinsically Safe

UL1604 UL913

CSA-157 CSA-157



Page 20 of 53

Section 5

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian

Division Markings



Page 21 of 53

Class I, II and III,

Division 1 and 2 Markings

U.S.

Canada

a)

Class I

Class II

Class III

Class I

Class II

Class III

b)

Division 1 or 2

Division 1 or 2

c)

Groups

A-D

Groups

E-G

No

Groups

Groups

A-D

Groups

E-G

No

Groups

d)

Temperature Codes T1 - T6


a) Indicates explosive gas, vapors or liquids (Class I), combustible dust (Class II) or ignitable

fibers and flyings (Class III).

b) Indicates likelihood that explosive atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.

c) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive atmosphere.

d) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating

conditions.



Page 22 of 53

Section 6

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian

Division-based Zone Markings



Page 23 of 53

Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2

Division-based Zone Markings

U.S.

Canada

a)

Class I

Class I

b)

Zone 0, 1 or 2

Zone 0, 1 or 2

c)

Groups A - D

Groups A - D

d)



a) Indicates explosive gas, vapors or liquids.

b) Indicates likelihood that explosive atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.

c) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive atmosphere.

d) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating

conditions.



Page 24 of 53

Section 7

Comparison of U.S., Canadian, IEC &

European IEC-based Zone Markings



Page 25 of 53

IEC-based

Zone 0, 1 and 2 Markings

U.S.

Canada

IEC

Europe

a)

Class I

Class I (optional)

--

--

b)

Zone 0, 1 or 2

Zone 0, 1 or 2

(optional)

--

--

c)

"AEx" symbol*

"Ex" symbol

"Ex" symbol

"EEx" symbol

d)

Protection Method

symbol(s)

Protection Method

symbol(s)

Protection Method

symbol(s)

Protection Method

symbol(s)

e)

Gas Groups

II, IIA, IIB or IIC

Gas Groups

II, IIA, IIB or IIC

Gas Groups

II, IIA, IIB or IIC

Gas Groups

II, IIA, IIB or IIC

f)

Temperature Codes

T1 - T6

Temperature Codes

T1 - T6

Temperature Codes

T1 - T6

Temperature Codes

T1 - T6

a) Indicates explosive gas atmospheres.

b) Indicates likelihood that explosive gas atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.

c) Symbol for apparatus for use in explosive atmospheres. Internationally (including the U.S.* and

Canada), the symbol "Ex" is used. In Europe only, the symbol "EEx" is used.

d) Symbol(s) indicating the method of protection used to prevent ignition of the explosive gas

atmospheres.

e) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive gas atmospheres.

f) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating conditions.

*Note - The 1999 NEC requires the symbol "AEx" instead of "Ex" on all IEC-based Zone

equipment.



Page 26 of 53

Section 8

List of U.S. Certification Documents



Page 27 of 53

Applicable UL Hazardous Locations

Certification Documents

UL 583 Electric-Battery-Powered Industrial Trucks

ANSI/UL 674 Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Division 1 Hazardous (Classified)

Locations

ANSI/UL 698 Industrial Control Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

UL 698A Industrial Control Panels Relating to Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 781 Portable Electric Lighting Units for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 783 Electric Flashlights and Lanterns for Use in Hazardous (Classified)

Locations

ANSI/UL 823 Electric Heaters for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 844 Electric Lighting Fixtures for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 877 Circuit Breakers and Circuit-Breaker Enclosures for Use in Hazardous

(Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 886 Outlet Boxes and Fittings for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 894 Switches for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 913 Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II,

and III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 1002 Electrically Operated Valves for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 1010 Receptacle-Plug Combinations for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 1067 Electrically Conductive Equipment and Materials for Use in Flammable

Anesthetizing Locations

ANSI/UL 1203 Explosion-Proof and Dust-Ignition-Proof Electrical Equipment for Use in

Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 1207 Sewage Pumps for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations



Page 28 of 53

Applicable UL Hazardous Locations

Certification Documents (Cont.)

UL 1604 Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, and Class III

Hazardous (Classified) Locations

ANSI/UL 2208 Solvent Distillation Units

UL 2225 Metal-Clad Cables and Cable-Sealing Fittings for Hazardous (Classified)

Locations

ANSI/UL 2279 Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2 Hazardous

(Classified) Locations

SU 515 Electrical Resistance Heat Tracing Cables

SU 1836 Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Class I, Division 2 and Class II,

Division 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations



Page 29 of 53

Section 9

List of Canadian Certification Documents



Page 30 of 53

Applicable Canadian Hazardous Locations


CSA-25-1966 Enclosures for Use in Class II, Groups E, F and G Hazardous Locations

CSA-30-M1986 Explosion-Proof Enclosures for Use in Class I Hazardous Locations

CSA-137-M1981 Electric Luminaries for Use in Hazardous Locations

CSA-138-M1989 Heat Tracing Cable and Cable Sets for Use in Hazardous Locations

CSA-145-M1986 Motors and Generators for Use in Hazardous Locations

CSA-157-M1992 Intrinsically Safe and Non-Incendive Equipment for Use in

Hazardous Locations

CSA-159-M1987 Attachment Plugs, Receptacles and Similar Wiring Devices for Use in

Hazardous Locations, Class I, Groups A, B, C and D; Class II,

Group G, in Coal or Coke Dust, and in Gaseous Mines

CSA-174-M1984 Cables and Cable Glands for Use in Hazardous Locations

CSA-213-M1987 Non-Incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Division 2

Hazardous Locations

CSA-E79-0-95 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Part 0:

General Requirements


Construction and Verification Test of Flameproof Enclosures of

Electrical Apparatus

CSA-E79-1A-95 Appendix D: Method of Test For Ascertainment of Maximum

Experimental Safe Gap


Electrical Apparatus - Type of Protection “p”


Sand-filled Apparatus



Page 31 of 53

Applicable Canadian Hazardous Locations


CSA-E79-5A-95 Supplement to Publication 79-5 (1967) Appendix C: Use of a Screen


Oil-immersed Apparatus


Increase Safety “e”


Intrinsic Safety “i”


Electrical Installations in Explosive Gas Atmospheres (other than

mines)

CSA-E79-15-95 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres - Part 15:

Electrical Apparatus with Type of Protection „n‟


Encapsulation “m”

CSA-E1241-1-1 Electrical Apparatus for use in the Presence of Combustible

Dust - Part 1: Electrical Apparatus Protected by Enclosures

Section One - Specification for Apparatus



Page 32 of 53

Section 10

List of IEC Certification Documents



Page 33 of 53

Applicable IEC Hazardous Locations


IEC 60079-0 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 0:

General requirements


Construction and verification test of flameproof enclosures of electrical

apparatus

IEC 60079-1A First supplement to IEC 60079-1 (1971), Electrical apparatus for

explosive gas atmospheres - Part 1: Construction and test of flameproof

enclosures of electrical apparatus, Appendix D: Method of test for

ascertainment of maximum experimental safe gap


Electrical apparatus - type of protection “p”


Spark-test apparatus for intrinsically-safe circuits


Method of test for ignition temperature

IEC 60079-4A First Supplement to IEC 60079-4 (1966), Electrical apparatus for

explosive gas atmospheres - Part 4: Method of test for ignition

temperature


Powder filling “q”


Oil immersion “o”


Increased safety “e”


Classification of hazardous areas


Intrinsic safety “i”



Page 34 of 53

Applicable IEC Hazardous Locations



Electrical apparatus with type of protection “n”

IEC 60079-18 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres - Part 18:


IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

IEC 61241-1-1 Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 1:

Electrical apparatus protected by enclosures -- Section 1: Specification

for apparatus

IEC 61241-3 Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 3:

Classification of areas where combustible dust are or may be present



Page 35 of 53

Section 11

List of European Certification Documents



Page 36 of 53

Applicable European Hazardous Locations


CENELEC EN50014 Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres-

General requirements


Oil immersion “o”


Pressurized apparatus “p”


Powder filling “q”


Flameproof enclosure “d”


Increased safety “e”


Intrinsic safety “i”

CENELEC EN50021 Specification for electrical apparatus with type of protection “n”




Intrinsically safe electrical systems “i”

CENELEC EN50050 Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment

CENELEC EN50053 Part 1: Hand-held electrostatic paint spray guns with an energy

limit of 0.24 mJ and their associated apparatus

CENELEC EN50053 Part 2: Hand-held electrostatic powder spray guns with an

energy limit of 5 mJ and their associated apparatus

CENELEC EN50053 Part 3: Hand-held electrostatic powder spray guns with an

energy limit of 0.24 mJ or 5 mJ and their associated apparatus



Page 37 of 53

Section 12

Enclosure Type and IP Designations



Page 38 of 53

Environmental Ratings for Enclosures

Based on Type Designations

Enclosure Type

Designation

Intended Use and Description

1 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited

amounts of falling dirt.

2 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited

amounts of falling water and dirt.

3 Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,

wind blown dust and damage from external ice formation.

3R Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,

and damage from external ice formation.

3S Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,

windblown dust and to provide for operation of external mechanisms when

ice laden.

4 Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against

windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water and damage

from external ice formation.

4X Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against

corrosion, windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water,

and damage from external ice formation.

5 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against settling

airborne dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids.

6 Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection again

hose-directed water, and the entry of water during occasional temporary

submersion at a limited depth and damage from external ice formation.

6P Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against

hose-directed water, the entry of water during prolonged submersion at a

limited depth and damage from external ice formation.



Page 39 of 53


Based on Type Designations (Cont.)

7 Indoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C or

D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code, NFPA 70

(commonly referred to as explosion-proof).

8 Indoor or outdoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 2, Groups

A, B, C or D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code,

NFPA 70 (commonly referred to as oil immersed).

9 Indoor use in locations classified as Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G

hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code, NFPA 70

(commonly referred to as dust-ignition-proof).

10 Intended to meet the applicable requirements of the Mine Safety and Health

Administration (MSHA).

12 and 12K Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against circulating

dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids.

13 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against dust,

spraying of water, oil, and noncorrosive coolant.

UL can provide testing and certification services to verify and document conformity of

products for any of the above "Types" in accordance with:

a) ANSI/UL50, “Enclosures for Electrical Equipment” for Types 1, 2, 3, 3R, 3S, 4,

4X, 5, 6, 6P, 12, 12K and 13.

b) ANSI/UL698, “Industrial Control Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified)

Locations” and other related standards for Types 7, 8 and 9.

c) ANSI/NEMA250, “Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum)”

for Types 1, 2, 3, 3R, 3S, 4, 4X, 5, 6, 6P, 7, 8, 9, 12, 12K and 13.



Page 40 of 53


Based on Ingress Protection (IP) Codes

1st

Digit

Protection Against Foreign Objects

2nd

Digit

Protection Against Moisture

0

Not protected

0

Not protected

1

Protected against objects greater

than 50mm

1

Protected against dripping water

2


than 12mm

2

Protected against dripping water

when tilted up to 15N

3


than 2.5mm

3

Protected against spraying water

4


than 1.0mm

4

Protected against splashing water

5

Dust protected

5

Protected against water jets

6

Dust tight

6

Protected against heavy seas

7

Protection against the effects of

immersion

8

Protection against submersion

Example marking: IP 68 would indicate a dusttight (first digit 6) piece of equipment

which is protected against submersion in water (second digit 8).

UL can provide testing and certification services to verify and document conformity of

products for any of the above "IP" Codes in accordance with:

a) IEC 60529, “Degrees of protection provided by enclosures ("IP" Code)”, for all

"IP" Codes.

b) CENELEC (European Norm) EN 60529, “Degrees of protection provided by

enclosures ("IP" Code)”, for all "IP" Codes.



Page 41 of 53

Comparison of "NEMA" Type and

"IP" Code designations

Type Number IP Designation

1 IP10

2 IP11

3 IP54

3R IP14

3S IP54

4 and 4X IP66

5 IP52

6 and 6P IP67

12 and 12K IP52

13 IP54

Table cannot be used to convert "IP" Codes to "NEMA" Types.

See NEMA 250 for additional details.



Page 42 of 53

Section 13

Canadian Certification Program



Page 43 of 53

CANADIAN CERTIFICATION PROGRAM

In October 1992, the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) granted UL “Canadian Certification

Organization (CO)” and “Testing Organization (TO)” status, which accredits UL to conduct

tests and issue certifications to Canadian National Standards. This means that UL can

authorize manufacturers to label their products with a UL Mark for Canada, the C-UL Mark.

UL, to date, has gained acceptance in all Canadian provinces and territories. To further

widespread acceptance by Canadian consumers, retailers, distributors and others, UL is

conducting on-going programs intended to provide education on the C-UL Mark for Canada.

UL' s programs for Canadian certifications is designed to streamline certification procedures,

avoid duplication of test work, and facilitate UL certifications for Canada.

In addition, a UL engineer can visit your facility to discuss the requirements relating to your

devices. Once requested, we will schedule a mutually agreeable date and send the appropriate

application forms.

Should you have any additional questions regarding any of the above programs, or if we can

be of any further assistance to you, please do not hesitate to contact us.



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Section 14

European Overview



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General Overview of EU Directives

The European Union (EU), formerly known as the European Community (EC), is replacing

individual national regulations of member countries with a series of Directives. These

Directives are legislative instruments that oblige member states to introduce them into their

existing laws. Once compliance with all applicable Directives has been verified for a product,

that product can be legally placed on the market of any EU member country.

The EU is comprised of fifteen (15) Full Member States. These Full Member States are

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,

the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In addition, the European

Economic Area (EEA) has been formally recognized since January 1994. The EEA is

comprised of the EU countries, plus the countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

These new member countries have adopted EU legislation in all areas except agriculture and

the removal of border controls.

Therefore, compliance with applicable EU Directives will allow a product to have free market

access in the eighteen-country internal market of the EEA. In the near future, this market is

expected to expand, based on enlargement discussions underway regarding the addition of ten

(10) Central and Eastern European countries, along with Cyprus, to the European Union.

How the Directives work

Directives harmonize a variety of existing practices, preserve the different legal traditions and

settle constraints for further developments. Directives are published in the Official Journal

(OJ) of the European Economic Community (EEC). Each Directive is characterized by its

title, its date of adoption and its date of publication in the Official Journal.

Within the text of each Directive is the date on which the Directive becomes effective. The

effective date identifies the date when compliance with the Directive is mandatory. In

addition, Directives also identify an implementation date. This date identifies when use of the

Directive can begin.

During the time period from the implementation date to the effective date, the manufacturer is

normally allowed the option of meeting either the Directive or the national requirements that

existed prior to implementation of the Directive. This time period is known as the transition

period.

Old & New Approach Directives

In 1985, after the advent of the Global Approach, the EC established a uniform marking

system known as the CE Marking system. CE requirements are specified in the "New

Approach" Directives. Directives written prior to the Global Approach, which did not take

the CE Marking into account, are known as "Old Approach" Directives.



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The CE Marking is applied to products that comply with all applicable Directives, one or more

of which must be a "New Approach" Directive. If more than one relevant "New Approach"

Directive is in its transition period, application of the CE Marking implies compliance with

only those Directives that the manufacturer has chosen to apply.

Application of the CE Marking verifies compliance with both design and production quality

requirements. This is different from the requirements of the "Old Approach" Directives that

only dealt with design requirements.

For hazardous locations equipment, the original version of the Potentially Explosive

Atmospheres Directive (76/11/EEC) is an example of an "Old Approach" Directive. The

revised Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive or ATEX Directive (94/9/EC) is an

example of a "New Approach" Directive.

Essential requirements and European Norm (EN) Standards

Each Directive provides a set of "essential requirements." These essential requirements relate

to product safety and call for a minimum level of protection against injury to persons or

damage to property; however, they do not identify specific design criteria.

Because essential requirements are general in nature, the European Union is continually

developing harmonized standards known as European Norm (EN) standards. These EN

standards are issued by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), or jointly by

CEN and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). Each

EN standard defines criteria for meeting essential requirements.

Compliance with EU Directives Compliance with the "essential requirements" of a Directive can be achieved through a variety of

methods -- self-declaration, type testing by a Notified Body, full quality assurance or other means. The

methods of compliance available to a manufacturer are outlined in each particular Directive. Methods

available in each Directive differ based on the perceived hazards involved for a type of product.

Achieving compliance through a Notified Body

A Notified Body is a third-party organization which has made notification to the Commission

and which has been designated by a Member State which has chosen it from the Bodies under

its jurisdiction. A Notified Body meets the criteria of competence and performs functions

relating to conformity such as standards-writing, testing, certification, and/or factory

assessment.

Besides assisting manufacturers in complying with Directives, Notified Bodies play another

important function in the European Union. Compliance with Directives will give a product

legal access to the EU countries. However, in the marketplace, distributors, wholesale agents,

retailers, and other involved parties may request verification of compliance through particular

means such as third-party certification via a Notified Body. Since third-party certification via



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a Notified Body is always an option for verifying compliance, utilizing a Notified Body can

assist manufacturers in meeting both the legal as well as the market requirements that may be

placed on a product.

Manufacturers should research their customer base to determine market requirements.

Proper documentation

Regardless of the method used to achieve compliance with the essential requirements of a

Directive, proper documentation is always a requirement. Specifics on required

documentation are identified in each Directive.

Overview of Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directives

In Europe, equipment which is for use in or intended to be connected to equipment used in a

potentially explosive atmosphere is required to be of a specific design such as flameproof,

increased Safety, intrinsically safe, etc.

The Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directives typically related to these products are:

• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive (76/117/EEC), commonly referred

to as the "Old Approach" Directive; and

• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive (94/9/EC), commonly referred to

as the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive.

Depending on the equipment, other European Directives may also apply, such as

Electromagnetic Compatibility (89/336/EEC) or Machinery Directives (89/392/EEC). The

decision as to the Directive applicability should be made only after a thorough review and

understanding of each Directive.

"Old Approach" Directive

The Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 76/117/EEC, along with 79/196/EEC and

all of its amendments, form a working document. This Directive applies to electrical

equipment capable of use in a potentially explosive atmosphere employing certain types of

protection. Types of protection include:

• flameproof enclosure ' d' ;

• pressurized apparatus ' p' ;

• powder filling ' q' ;

• oil immersion ' o' ;

• increased safety ' e' ;

• intrinsic safety ' i' ; and

• encapsulation ' m' .



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Products covered by this Directive are excluded from the Low Voltage Directive.

The "Old Approach" Directive allows the "Epsilon X" Mark to be placed on products that

comply with its requirements. This Directive is in effect only until June 30, 2003. After June

30, 2003, all products will need to comply with the requirements outlined under the "New

Approach" or ATEX Directive (94/9/EC).

"New Approach" or ATEX Directive

On March 1, 1996, a transitional period began for the implementation of the ATEX Directive

(94/9/EC). This Directive applies to electrical and non-electrical equipment/components and

protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres and will become

mandatory on July 1, 2003. Equipment located outside potentially explosive atmospheres are

also covered by the ATEX Directive under the following conditions:

• the equipment is a safety device, controller or regulating device; and

• the equipment is required for the safe function of equipment or protective

systems with respect to risk of explosion.

All equipment under its scope will be required to bear the European CE Marking as

verification of compliance with the Directive (the CE Marking will not appear on components

defined by this Directive). The ATEX Directive specifically defines procedures for the

evaluation of a product' s design and manufacture (production) based on Equipment Groups

and Categories. This is briefly outlined below.

Equipment Group I Overview

Equipment intended for use in underground parts of mines, and to those parts of surface

installations of such mines, liable to be endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust.

Equipment

Category

Protection

Comparison To Current

IEC Classification

M1

2 levels of protection; or 2

independent faults

Group I

M2

1 level of protection based on

normal operation

Group I

Equipment Group II Overview

Equipment intended for use in other than Equipment Group I places that are liable to be

endangered by explosive atmospheres.



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Equipment

Category

Protection

Comparison To Current

IEC Classification

1

2 levels of protection; or 2

independent faults

Group II, Zone 0 (gas)

Zone 20 (dust)

2


frequent disturbances; or

equipment faults


Zone 21 (dust)

3


normal operation


Zone 22 (dust)

Additional Equipment Group/Category details

The Annexes of the ATEX Directive detail the specifics pertaining to the required conformity

assessment procedures based on the Equipment Groups/Categories noted above.

The following provides a more detailed summary of the conformity assessment options

available to manufacturers (with references to the applicable ATEX Directive Annex):

For all Equipment Group/Category combinations:

Unit Verification (Annex IV): The manufacturer declares compliance with the directive

and the NB verifies compliance, conducting tests as necessary. This Annex is

primarily intended for one-time evaluations or unique products.

For Equipment Group I, Category M1 & Equipment Group II, Category 1 (electrical and non-

electrical equipment):

• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the Notified Body

(NB) to verify compliance to the ESR' s as part of an EC-Type examination (see

below).

• EC-Type Examination (Annex III): The manufacturer is required to submit

documentation and samples to the Notified Body, or test lab. The Notified Body (NB) is

required to verify compliance with the directive. This includes verifying that the

manufacturer meets the Essential Safety Requirements of the directive, evaluation to

the EN 500xx series of standards, and the continuing verification such as quality

assurance, product verification, or conformity to type (see below).



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• Production Quality Assurance (Annex IV): The NB verifies compliance with a design

and manufacturing quality assurance program, i.e. EN 29002 (ISO 9002). The quality

registration should be with the NB. If it is not, the NB must review/audit the

manufacturer' s quality registration.

• Product Verification (Annex V): The NB evaluates each sample of a product as it is

produced by the manufacturer. The NB is involved from start to finish in the

manufacturing process.

For Equipment Group I, Category M2 & Equipment Group II, Category 2 (electrical

equipment only):

• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the Notified Body

(NB) to verify compliance to the ESR' s as part of an EC-Type examination (see

below).

• EC-Type Examination (Annex III): The manufacturer is required to submit

documentation and samples to the Notified Body, or test lab. The Notified Body (NB)

is required to verify compliance with the directive. This includes verifying that the

manufacturer meets the Essential Safety Requirements of the directive, evaluation to

the EN 500xx series of standards, and the continuing verification such as quality

assurance, product verification, or conformity to type (see below).

• Conformity to Type (Annex VI): Routine tests are conducted by the manufacturer or

by the NB on the manufacturer' s behalf on each piece of equipment manufactured. The

manufacturer has the responsibility to ensure that samples are constructed identically to

those originally investigated by the NB.

• Product Quality Assurance (Annex VII): The NB verifies compliance with a

manufacturing quality assurance program, i.e. EN 29003 (ISO 9003). The quality

registration should be with the NB. If it is not, the NB must review/audit the

manufacturer' s quality registration.

For Equipment Group II, Category 3 (electrical and non-electrical equipment); and

For Equipment Group I, Category M2 & Equipment Group II, Category 2 (non-electrical

equipment only):

• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the manufacturer

to verify compliance to the ESR' s.

• Internal Control of Production (Annex VIII): The manufacturer self-declares

compliance with all provisions of the directive.



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UL's European Assistance for Hazardous Locations

UL can provide assistance to manufacturers seeking certification under European Directives

for potentially explosive atmospheres through any of the following European organizations --

DEMKO, KEMA, LCIE or PTB.

DEMKO

For products complying with applicable standards, DEMKO authorizes manufacturers use of

the DEMKO Certification Mark, the "D Mark", recognized as Denmark' s national safety

mark, and known and respected in Europe and around the world.

DEMKO, a wholly-owned subsidiary of UL, is designated in the European community as an

Approved (Notified) Body. This Notified Body status allows DEMKO' s Certificates of

Conformity and Certificates of Component to be recognized by all European Community

member states as a legal means of entry under the following European Directives:

• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 76/117/EEC plus amendments

(commonly referred to as the "Old Approach" Directive); and

• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 94/9/EC (commonly referred to as

the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive).

UL can perform testing in accordance with the applicable CENELEC standards for the

purpose of obtaining DEMKO certification under either of these Directives.

In a DEMKO/UL investigation, the test report completed by UL is submitted to DEMKO.

Upon successful completion of the test report, DEMKO will issue a Certificate of Conformity

or Certificate of Component and authorize the application of the European "Epsilon X" Mark

under the "Old Approach" Directive.

Under the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive, in addition to the test report, a quality

assessment will be required in most cases. Upon successful completion of both the test report

and applicable quality assessment, DEMKO will issue an “EC Type” Examination Certificate

and applicable Production Quality Assurance Notification Certificate to support the application

of the CE Mark and "Epsilon X" Mark.

As a means to facilitate this process, specific members of UL' s Hazloc team in the U.S. have

been accredited through DEMKO as DEMKO Qualified Engineers (DQE' s) with review-level

status under both the "Old Approach" and the ATEX Directives. These staff is also accredited

through DEMKO as DEMKO Qualified Auditors (DQA' s) under the ATEX Directive.



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KEMA

In July of 1993, KEMA of the Netherlands granted authorization for Underwriters

Laboratories Inc. to act as a testing laboratory under the KEMA/UL Memorandum of

Understanding (MOU) for equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.

As with DEMKO, KEMA is designated in the European community as an Approved (Notified)

Body for both the "Old Approach" Directive and "New Approach" or ATEX Directive.

This authorization allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for

the purpose of achieving a KEMA Certification.

LCIE

In March of 1999, LCIE (Laboratorie Central des Industries Electriques) of France agreed to

cooperate with UL in an effort to provide manufacturers of equipment for use in potentially

explosive atmospheres with a streamlined path to obtaining LCIE and UL certification.

As with DEMKO, LCIE is designated in the European Community as an Approved (Notified)


This agreement allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for the

purpose of achieving LCIE certification.

PTB

In September of 1995, PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) of Germany agreed to

cooperate together with Underwriters Laboratories Inc. in an effort to provide manufacturers

of equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres with a streamlined path to obtaining

PTB and UL certification.

As with DEMKO, PTB is designated in the European community as an Approved (Notified)


This agreement allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for the

purpose of achieving a PTB Certification.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

To proceed with an investigation for DEMKO, KEMA, LCIE or PTB certification or to obtain

additional information regarding this service, please contact Mr. Ben Schaefer at 847-272-

8800, Ext. 43380 or Mr. Michael Slowinske at 847-272-8800, Ext. 43934.