Hand, Foot & Mouth Hfmd

8/8/2019 Hand, Foot & Mouth Hfmd

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Name:Parvinder Singh A/L Harjit Singh

ID Num:02-200805-00141IC Num:901011-08-5985

10/11/2010 1



What is HFMD?y is a common illness of infants and children caused by a

virusy most often occurs in children under 10 years oldy characterized by;

fever

sores/ulcers in the mouthrash with blister

10/11/2010 2



What causes HFMD?y most common causes of Hand, Foot and Mouth

disease are;Coxsackie virus A16Enterovirus 71 (EV71)other enteroviruses (ex; polioviruses, coxsackieviruses,

echoviruses,etc)

10/11/2010 3



When and where does HFMDoccur?

y more frequently in summer and early autumn (intemperate countries)

y major outbreaks of attributable to enterovirus EV71have been reported in Malaysia in 1997 and in Taiwanin 1998

y is endemic in Malaysia and occurs every year

10/11/2010 4



Is HFMD serious?y HFMD caused by coxsackie virus A16 infection is a

mild diseasey Complications are uncommony HFMD caused by Enterovirus EV71 may be associated

with;aseptic meningitis and encephalitis

10/11/2010 5



Is HFMD contagious?y HFMD is moderately contagiousy

The virus can be transmitted from person to person viadirect contact with;nose and throat dischargessaliva

fluid from blistersstool of infected personsy not transmitted to or from pets or other animals.

10/11/2010 6



Cl inica l Signs and Symptomsy begins with a mild fever, poor appetite, malaise

("feeling sick"), and frequently a sore throaty one or 2 days after the fever begins, painful sores

develop in the mouthy skin rash develops over 1 to 2 days

10/11/2010 7



How is hand, foot and mouth

disease diagnosed?

y

based on a complete history and physical examinationof childy suspected on the appearance of;

blister-like rash on hands, feet and mouth in children

with a mild febrile illness

10/11/2010 8



y doctor can distinguish between HFMD and othercauses of mouth sores based on;

age of the patientpattern of symptoms reportedappearance of the rash and sores

y throat and/or blister swab collected preferably within2 days of onset of HFMD may be sent to a laboratory

to determine which enterovirus caused the illness

10/11/2010 9



Treatmenty no specific effective antivirul drugs and vaccine

availabley

Symptomatic treatment is given to provide relief fromfever, aches, or pain from the mouth ulcersy parents are advised to;

dress their children in light, thin clothingdo tepid sponging with water (room temperature)expose them under the fanmonitor their body temperatureGive them enough liquid(water)

10/11/2010 10



Who is at risk for HFMD?y occurs mainly in children under 10 years old, but may

also occur in adults tooy not everyone who is infected becomes illy infants, children, and adolescents are more likely to be

susceptible to infection and illness from these viruses

10/11/2010 11



R isks to pregnant women exposed

to chi ldren with HFMD

y risk of infection is higher for pregnant womeny most enterovirus infections during pregnancy cause

mild or no illness in the mothery mothers infected shortly before delivery may pass the

virus to the newborny good hygienic practices by the pregnant woman might

help to decrease the risk of infection

10/11/2010 12



P revention

y specific prevention for HFMD or other non-polioenterovirus infections is not available

y risk of infection can be lowered by g ood hy g ienicpractices

10/11/2010 13



P reventive measures

Frequent hand washing

Maintaincleanliness

Parents are advisednot to bring young

children to crowdedpublic places

Bring children tothe nearest clinic if they show signs &

symptoms

Avoidance of closecontact with

children havingHFMD

10/11/2010 14

Documents

Hand, Foot & Mouth Hfmd