HAITI EARTHQUAKE HAITI EARTHQUAKE HAITI EARTHQUAKE HAITI EARTHQUAKE

ASCE/TCLEE ASCE/TCLEE RECONNAISSANCE PROJECTRECONNAISSANCE PROJECT

ASCE/TCLEE ASCE/TCLEE RECONNAISSANCE PROJECTRECONNAISSANCE PROJECT

Presented by:Presented by:

William Bruin, P.EPrincipal Engineer

Halcrow Inc., Oakland

William Bruin, P.EPrincipal Engineer

Halcrow Inc., Oakland&

Alex AugustinAssistant Civil Engineer

&Alex Augustin

Assistant Civil EngineerAssistant Civil EngineerCalifornia State Lands Commission (MFD)

Assistant Civil EngineerCalifornia State Lands Commission (MFD)

Haiti Earthquake ReconnaissanceHaiti Earthquake ReconnaissanceHaiti Earthquake ReconnaissanceHaiti Earthquake Reconnaissance

February 28 to March 6, 2010 February 28 to March 6, 2010y Two Groups: ASCE TCLEE and EERI 11 Lifeline Engineering Professionals P t T

y Two Groups: ASCE TCLEE and EERI 11 Lifeline Engineering Professionals P t T Ports Team:

Stu WernerSeismic Systems

Ports Team: Stu Werner

Seismic Systems Nason McCullough

CH2M-Hill William Bruin

Nason McCulloughCH2M-Hill

William Bruin William BruinHalcrow

Alex AugustinCSLC

William BruinHalcrow

Alex AugustinCSLCCSLCCSLC

January 12 2010 M7 0 Haiti EarthquakeJanuary 12 2010 M7 0 Haiti EarthquakeJanuary 12, 2010 M7.0 Haiti EarthquakeJanuary 12, 2010 M7.0 Haiti Earthquake

Previous Major Earthquakes: Previous Major Earthquakes: June 3, 1770 1860

Date: January 12 2010

June 3, 1770 1860

Date: January 12 2010 Date: January 12, 2010 Earthquake Magnitude: 7.0 Location: Port-au-Prince

Date: January 12, 2010 Earthquake Magnitude: 7.0 Location: Port-au-Prince Hypocenter: ~ 6 miles Impacted Population: ~ 3,000,000 Death Toll to Date: ~ 300 000

Hypocenter: ~ 6 miles Impacted Population: ~ 3,000,000 Death Toll to Date: ~ 300 000 Death Toll to Date: ~ 300,000 Injured: ~ 300,000 Death Toll to Date: ~ 300,000 Injured: ~ 300,000

Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI)

Port Sites InvestigatedPort Sites InvestigatedPort Sites Investigated Port Sites Investigated

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)

National Port Regulators National Port Regulators g Owns & Operates Port of Port-au-Prince In process of becoming Regulators only

g Owns & Operates Port of Port-au-Prince In process of becoming Regulators only Port of Port-au-Prince

Largest and Busiest Container Port/

Port of Port-au-Prince Largest and Busiest Container Port

/1,200 containers/day170,000 TEU/year

Construction 1978 1980

1,200 containers/day170,000 TEU/year

Construction 1978 1980 Construction 1978-1980 Construction 1978-1980

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Condition Before Earthquake

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Condition Before EarthquakeCondition Before Earthquake Condition Before Earthquake

APN in process of Retrofitting both facilities APN in process of Retrofitting both facilitiesp g Actual Condition Unknown (Assumed Poor) 18-in. Square Pre-stressed Concrete Piles

p g Actual Condition Unknown (Assumed Poor) 18-in. Square Pre-stressed Concrete Piles Balanced Battered Pile Configuration Supported Gantry Container Crane, 2 mobile cranes

C f S S

Balanced Battered Pile Configuration Supported Gantry Container Crane, 2 mobile cranes

C f S S Configuration Similar to U.S Configuration Similar to U.S

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)What Really Happened?

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)What Really Happened?

Very Large Lateral Spreading

Liquefaction & qTranslation of

Wharf

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)North Wharf Warehouse DamageNorth Wharf Warehouse Damage

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)South Pier ConditionSouth Pier Condition

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)South Pier Inspection

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)South Pier Inspection

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)North Wharf Conclusion

Authorité Portuaire Nationale (APN)North Wharf ConclusionNorth Wharf ConclusionNorth Wharf Conclusion

Severe Structural Condition prior to earthquake Severe Structural Condition prior to earthquakep q Was not designed for Inertial and kinematic loads

p q Was not designed for Inertial and kinematic loads

MOT Sites InvestigatedMOT Sites InvestigatedMOT Sites InvestigatedMOT Sites Investigated

Cimenterie National - Cement Plant(Break Bulk)(Break Bulk)

Moulins d’Haiti - Flour Mill(Break Bulk)

Terminaux Varreaux(MOT & Break Bulk)

Autorité Portuaire Nationale APNAutorité Portuaire Nationale - APN (Container & Break Bulk)

Thor Terminal - formerly Shell(MOT)(MOT)

MOT Observations – SettlementMOT Observations – Settlement

30 Drown

with

~12 in.of Differential Settlement @

collapse

Photos Courtesy of CWO Lowell Schrader

@Foot of Pier

MOT Observations - PipingMOT Observations - Piping

Severely Corroded Line Breaks withLine Breaks with~12 in. of Settlement

MOT Observations - SettlementMOT Observations - Settlement

Pier

Mole

Mole

MOT Observations – Lateral SpreadingMOT Observations – Lateral Spreading

Pier

~6-ft Settlement of Mole @ Foot of Pier

Tank Farm ObservationsTank Farm ObservationsElephantElephant Foot Buckle and Rupture of Tank Bottom

Underground Pipeline Leak

Leaking Valve

Rupture @ Weld

Full, unanchored tank rocked, buckled

Full, unanchored tank rocked, buckled

Tank Farm ObservationsTank Farm Observations

Tank Shell BucklingBuckling

T k Sh llTank Shell Buckling

Anchorage ObservationsAnchorage ObservationsAnchorage ObservationsAnchorage Observations

15 000 gal Diesel Tank 15 000 gal Diesel Tank

Missing Anchor

15,000 gal. Diesel Tank Partially Anchored

(4 of 8 installed)A h U lift

15,000 gal. Diesel Tank Partially Anchored

(4 of 8 installed)A h U lift Anchor Uplift

Anchor Pullout Some anchorage better

Anchor Uplift Anchor Pullout

Some anchorage betterthan nothingthan nothing Photos Courtesy of Eduardo Fierro

Haiti Lessons LearnedHaiti Lessons LearnedHaiti Lessons LearnedHaiti Lessons Learned

Liquefaction & lateral spreading caused significant Liquefaction & lateral spreading caused significant Liquefaction & lateral spreading caused significant structural damage Consider kinematic loads in design

Liquefaction & lateral spreading caused significant structural damage Consider kinematic loads in design

Structural condition impacts performance Wharf-to-shore transition critical - piping/utilities/access

A h d t k / i t f d ll

Structural condition impacts performance Wharf-to-shore transition critical - piping/utilities/access

A h d t k / i t f d ll Anchored tanks/equipment performed well Maintained piping performed well Post-event response plans are critical

Anchored tanks/equipment performed well Maintained piping performed well Post-event response plans are critical Post-event response plans are critical Post-event response plans are critical