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Case study earthquake Haiti. General complex conditions in Haiti. Poverty and violence 2/3 of the population lives with less than 2 US$ / day, ¼ in slums in PaP Biggest source of national income are private money remittances from abroad High level of criminality, gang incidents and violence - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Meisinger WernerAustrian Red Cross
Case study earthquake Haiti
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Internationale Hilfe
General complex conditions in HaitiPoverty and violence
- 2/3 of the population lives with less than 2 US$ / day, ¼ in slums in PaP- Biggest source of national income are private money remittances from
abroad- High level of criminality, gang incidents and violence
Political instability and weakened national capacity to coordinate the assistance- The economic and political center, the capital PoP, is largely in ruins
Lack of local ressources- Forests have been cleared, land is eroded and qualified manpower is
scarce due to „brain drain“ to richer countriesHeavy rains / hurrican season since July
- Prolonged emergency phase until the end of the year
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Internationale Katastrophenhilfe
• More than 220.000 dead acc. MoH (Tsunami: 230.000)• Approx. 1,5 Mio. displaced persons live in camps, more than
650.000 live with host families.• More than 180.000 buildings destroyed or damaged• Evaluation of 82.000 buildings: 43% green, 27 % yellow, 30 % red• 4.758 schools either destroyed or damaged• Little access to sanitary facilities and safe drinking water / before
the earthquake 80 % of the diseases were water-borne diseases
FACTS & FIGURES
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Internationale Katastrophenhilfe
• Biggest Assistance Operation in the history of the Red Cross Movement supporting one country
• Coordinated by IFRC Geneva and the IFRC zone in Panama • 21 ERUs deployed to Haiti • IFRC coordination of the Shelter Cluster • ICRC delegation in Haiti with focus on WatSan and family links• More than 1.400 international delegates deployed to Haiti• Red Cross total budget CHF 882 Mio. (= EUR 631 Mio.)• The Red Cross in Haiti – Detailed IFRC Report www.ifrc.org/haiti
Red Cross Assistance for Haiti
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The Emergency Environment
Overwhelming needs Competing priorities Destroyed/damaged infrastructure Rapid influx of providers Outburst of mutual aid Highly stressed local officials Intense media scrutiny Gap of coordinations
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Absence of Coordination
Gaps and duplications Inappropriate assistance Inefficient use of resources Bottlenecks, impediments Slow reaction to changing conditions Frustration of providers, officials,
survivors Difficult to identify decision makers
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Effective Coordination
is essential and important is a result of intentional actions/a
shared responsibility results in humane, neutral and
impartial assistance, management effectiveness, shared vision, and donor confidence
is a voluntary effort/a secondary priority
costly and results in adaptation
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But the reality ?
IFRC
ICRC
CEDERAPNSs
WFPNGOs
UNDP
MIL
OCHAGeneva
HumanitarianCoordinator
AffectedAffectedPopulationPopulationAffected
Government
CIMIC
NationalRed Cross
USAID/DART
Ambassadors
DonorGovt’s
NGOs
Nationalmilitary
HCR
UNICEF
IGOs
OSSOC
UNDAC
MEDIA
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Global Capacity-Building
Cluster Global Cluster Leads
Agriculture FAO
Camp Coordination & Camp Mgmt. UNHCR, IOM
Early Recovery UNDP
Education UNICEF, Save the Children
Emergency Shelter UNHCR, IFRC
Emergency Telecomm. OCHA (UNICEF, WFP)
Health WHO
Logistics WFP
Nutrition UNICEF
Protection UNHCR
WASH UNICEF
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AIM of the cluster approach
High standards of predictability, accountability and partnership in all sectors or areas of activity
More strategic responses Better prioritization of available resources
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Terms of Reference for National cluster leads
Develop overall strategy for the response Ensure that response is based on needs assessment and
analysis Coordination with national/local authorities, local civil society
etc Ensure Inclusion of key humanitarian partners Establish appropriate coordination mechanisms Facilitate participatory and community-based approaches Attention to priority cross-cutting issues (vulnerable groups)
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The Role of OCHA / UNDAC
Provide the HC with analyses on the humanitarian situation updates, analyses and trends
Report to Donors on priorities and funding requirements
Support the incoming relief teams though establishment of OSOCC and facilitate an effective information exchange
Support the National cluster leads- establish inter cluster coordination mechanism- ensure information management systems- ensure that cross clusteral issues are addressed
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The Role of the EUCP-team
Facilitate the links between the relief teams from the EU-Member states and the OSOCC/Cluster leads
Liaison with teams sent by member states to provide practical assistance on the ground
Advice to the cluster leads regarding possibilities for support from EU-member states
Co-ordinate the practical issues relating to the provision of assistance once offers have been accepted
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Disaster MIC
Request
MIC
Response Yes/No
Disaster
Compiled offer
MIC Selection
MS
All MS informed
MS
Availibility?
Direct contact
EU Community mechanism
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On Site Coordination
Within the EU Outside the EU
LEMA
EU team EU teamNational
Team
LEMA
OSOCC
UN teamEU teamEU team UN team
MIC
OCHA
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Emergency Response Units - ERUs
to put together highly qualified pre-trained teams and pre-packed sets of standardised equipment
to be deployed within 48hrs all over the world
if a situation necessitates high reaction and affected national societies eg. regional Federation deleagtions are unable to cope with the situation
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ERUs in the Federation
Basic health care
Referral hospital facilities
Water and sanitation (3 modules)
Logistics
Relief
Information Technology and Telecomm. (6 modules)
Base Camp
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Procedures
HNS volunteersstart working
Country of DisasterHost National Society
RC/RC Societies
Alert, Appeal
Request forassistance
Relief goods Personnel Cash
Federation SecretariatGeneva
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ARC Haiti Assistance Disaster Relief Operation• Deployement of ERU Mass Sanitation Module (MSM 20)
• Relief goods to IFRC / ICRC – through ARC E & S
• Restoring family links (ARC personnel seconded to ICRC)
• Deployment of bilateral delegates to IFRC and GRC field hospital Recovery Programme• 3 year recovery programme
with the GRC - rehabilitation
of selected earthquake affected
villages
________________________
• ARC programme location:
Leogane, west of PoP
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Internationale Hilfe
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