PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL COMPOST PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL COMPOST

FROM ORGANIC SOLID WASTE FROM ORGANIC SOLID WASTE

GustanGustan PariPari and Abdul Ganiand Abdul Gani

FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER

BOGOR - INDONESIA

PROBLEM DEVELOPING COUNTRYPROBLEM DEVELOPING COUNTRY

Organic waste / Municipal wasteOrganic waste / Municipal waste

�� Landfill Landfill --�������� big areabig area

�� 100% 100% emmitedemmited (smell, CO2,CO, CH4)(smell, CO2,CO, CH4)

�� Reformation (urban and village)Reformation (urban and village)

� Bogor-���� 2124 m3/day

� 20-30 % solid waste, 70-80% soft waste

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

People

(1-2 kg/capita/day)

Over capacity of

TPSBack ground Back ground

Transportation

TPA Bogor landfill

SOLUTIONSOLUTION

1.Composting -� long time (soft waste)

2. solid waste ??

3. Incinerator -� expencive

4.Alternative solution

Compost

Charcaol/Activated charcoal

Wood vinegar (high carbon content)

1. Conversion organic soft waste into compost1. Conversion organic soft waste into compost

MATERIAL AND METHODEMATERIAL AND METHODE

2. 2. conversion organic solid waste into charcoalconversion organic solid waste into charcoal

3. 3. Application of charcoal compost and wood vinegar forApplication of charcoal compost and wood vinegar for

gynuragynura pseudochinapseudochina ((daundaun dewadewa) plantation) plantation

PyrolysisPyrolysis process by drum kilnprocess by drum kiln

Organic solid waste

Small particle

(15 kg)

cooling

Sawdust

charcoal

Wood vinegar

Pyrolysis reactor

Burning

Termostate

exit

composting process mixed with charcoal and composting process mixed with charcoal and

wood vinegar (20% charcoal and wood vinegar)wood vinegar (20% charcoal and wood vinegar)

RESULT and DISCUSSION RESULT and DISCUSSION

Quality of Quality of COMPOSTCOMPOST

1.1. water content : 62.38%water content : 62.38%

2.2. C/N ratio C/N ratio : 12.09 (20.86): 12.09 (20.86)

3.3. pHpH : 7.23 (6.80): 7.23 (6.80)

4.4. YieldYield : 68.52%: 68.52%

5.5. TimeTime : 21 day (60 day): 21 day (60 day)

6.6. Max tempMax temp : 47.75oC: 47.75oC

7.7. N, P, K, Ca, Mg : 2.20, 0.85, 1.90, 1.38, 0.34%N, P, K, Ca, Mg : 2.20, 0.85, 1.90, 1.38, 0.34%

8.8. Control Control (1.98, 0.76, 0.29, 2.78, 0.32%)(1.98, 0.76, 0.29, 2.78, 0.32%)

Charcoal and wood vinegarCharcoal and wood vinegar

30,3321,1151025,416

31,2422,3650523,595

37,8326,7640525,404

32,8730,6537539,323

34,6732,5135528,002

33,1541,1235020,761

Wood vinegar(%)

Charcoal(%)

pyrolysistemperature (oC)

Moisture content

(%)number

Charcoal qualityCharcoal quality

-66,004,0030,006,00SNI maks.

664067,0113,0119,993,09510

6634 69,4812,2218,302,46505

663359,2817,5323,193,06405

647958,4715,6825,853,03375

633756,1314,9128,964,00355

615155,7112,8231,474,33350

444416,626,3277,067,45material

Fixed carbon ash volatilemoisture Calorific value

content (%)

temperature

Carbon yield : 26.45%

Carbon yield: expresses the percentage of pure carbon derived from wood material which is preserved in the produced charcoal

ChromatogrameChromatograme of wood vinegar componentof wood vinegar component

Chemical component of wood vinegarChemical component of wood vinegar

90Trans-4-siklopenten-1,3-diol17,5714

704-etil-2-metoksi fenol16,6113

91fenol15,5312

972-metoksi-2-metil fenol14,2711

913-hidroksi-2-metil-4H-piran-2-on14,0810

953-etil-2-hidroksi-2-siklopenten-1-on12,509

972-metoksi fenol11,538

942-hidroksi-3-metil-2-siklopenten-1-on10,707

722-hidroksi-2-siklopenten-1-on9,126

91Gama butirolactone6,385

86Asam butanoat6,154

913-metoksi piridin5,673

765-metil furfural5,262

871.1 dimetilhidrazine3,091

Probability

(%)Chemical component

Retntion time

(minute)Peak

Characteristic of wood vinegarCharacteristic of wood vinegar

1.1. pH pH : 3.85 : 3.85 –– 4.78, 4.78,

2.2. Phenol Phenol : 0.0082 : 0.0082 –– 0.022%0.022%

3.3. Carbon yieldCarbon yield : 14.28%: 14.28%

Potential carbonPotential carbon

1.1. Carbon yield from charcoal : 26.45%Carbon yield from charcoal : 26.45%

2.2. Carbon yield from wood vinegar: 14.28% Carbon yield from wood vinegar: 14.28%

3.3. Carbon gas : 0.053%Carbon gas : 0.053%

4.4. Total carbon yield: 40.73%Total carbon yield: 40.73%

CARBON SEQUESTRATION BY FORESTATION AND CARBONIZATIONCARBON SEQUESTRATION BY FORESTATION AND CARBONIZATION

AS CARBON SINKAS CARBON SINK

Control: 89 gram Charcoal compost: 233 gram

Terpenoid and flavanoid increase

TOTAL BIOMASS

CHARCOAL COMPOST APPLICATION OF POKCAY in agroforestry

1,5 times /400M2 IN 1 mounth

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

1.1. Combination charcoal compost and wood vinegar good for carbon Combination charcoal compost and wood vinegar good for carbon

sinksink

2. 2. PottensialPottensial carbon yield from organic waste 40.73% carbon yield from organic waste 40.73%

3.Total biomass increase from 89 to 233 gram.3.Total biomass increase from 89 to 233 gram.

Need application in the field in agroforestry system

New methodology to measure potensial carbon

Thank you very much for your attention