PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL COMPOST PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL COMPOST
FROM ORGANIC SOLID WASTE FROM ORGANIC SOLID WASTE
GustanGustan PariPari and Abdul Ganiand Abdul Gani
FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
BOGOR - INDONESIA
PROBLEM DEVELOPING COUNTRYPROBLEM DEVELOPING COUNTRY
Organic waste / Municipal wasteOrganic waste / Municipal waste
�� Landfill Landfill --�������� big areabig area
�� 100% 100% emmitedemmited (smell, CO2,CO, CH4)(smell, CO2,CO, CH4)
�� Reformation (urban and village)Reformation (urban and village)
� Bogor-���� 2124 m3/day
� 20-30 % solid waste, 70-80% soft waste
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
People
(1-2 kg/capita/day)
Over capacity of
TPSBack ground Back ground
Transportation
TPA Bogor landfill
SOLUTIONSOLUTION
1.Composting -� long time (soft waste)
2. solid waste ??
3. Incinerator -� expencive
4.Alternative solution
Compost
Charcaol/Activated charcoal
Wood vinegar (high carbon content)
1. Conversion organic soft waste into compost1. Conversion organic soft waste into compost
MATERIAL AND METHODEMATERIAL AND METHODE
2. 2. conversion organic solid waste into charcoalconversion organic solid waste into charcoal
3. 3. Application of charcoal compost and wood vinegar forApplication of charcoal compost and wood vinegar for
gynuragynura pseudochinapseudochina ((daundaun dewadewa) plantation) plantation
PyrolysisPyrolysis process by drum kilnprocess by drum kiln
Organic solid waste
Small particle
(15 kg)
cooling
Sawdust
charcoal
Wood vinegar
Pyrolysis reactor
Burning
Termostate
exit
composting process mixed with charcoal and composting process mixed with charcoal and
wood vinegar (20% charcoal and wood vinegar)wood vinegar (20% charcoal and wood vinegar)
RESULT and DISCUSSION RESULT and DISCUSSION
Quality of Quality of COMPOSTCOMPOST
1.1. water content : 62.38%water content : 62.38%
2.2. C/N ratio C/N ratio : 12.09 (20.86): 12.09 (20.86)
3.3. pHpH : 7.23 (6.80): 7.23 (6.80)
4.4. YieldYield : 68.52%: 68.52%
5.5. TimeTime : 21 day (60 day): 21 day (60 day)
6.6. Max tempMax temp : 47.75oC: 47.75oC
7.7. N, P, K, Ca, Mg : 2.20, 0.85, 1.90, 1.38, 0.34%N, P, K, Ca, Mg : 2.20, 0.85, 1.90, 1.38, 0.34%
8.8. Control Control (1.98, 0.76, 0.29, 2.78, 0.32%)(1.98, 0.76, 0.29, 2.78, 0.32%)
Charcoal and wood vinegarCharcoal and wood vinegar
30,3321,1151025,416
31,2422,3650523,595
37,8326,7640525,404
32,8730,6537539,323
34,6732,5135528,002
33,1541,1235020,761
Wood vinegar(%)
Charcoal(%)
pyrolysistemperature (oC)
Moisture content
(%)number
Charcoal qualityCharcoal quality
-66,004,0030,006,00SNI maks.
664067,0113,0119,993,09510
6634 69,4812,2218,302,46505
663359,2817,5323,193,06405
647958,4715,6825,853,03375
633756,1314,9128,964,00355
615155,7112,8231,474,33350
444416,626,3277,067,45material
Fixed carbon ash volatilemoisture Calorific value
content (%)
temperature
Carbon yield : 26.45%
Carbon yield: expresses the percentage of pure carbon derived from wood material which is preserved in the produced charcoal
Chemical component of wood vinegarChemical component of wood vinegar
90Trans-4-siklopenten-1,3-diol17,5714
704-etil-2-metoksi fenol16,6113
91fenol15,5312
972-metoksi-2-metil fenol14,2711
913-hidroksi-2-metil-4H-piran-2-on14,0810
953-etil-2-hidroksi-2-siklopenten-1-on12,509
972-metoksi fenol11,538
942-hidroksi-3-metil-2-siklopenten-1-on10,707
722-hidroksi-2-siklopenten-1-on9,126
91Gama butirolactone6,385
86Asam butanoat6,154
913-metoksi piridin5,673
765-metil furfural5,262
871.1 dimetilhidrazine3,091
Probability
(%)Chemical component
Retntion time
(minute)Peak
Characteristic of wood vinegarCharacteristic of wood vinegar
1.1. pH pH : 3.85 : 3.85 –– 4.78, 4.78,
2.2. Phenol Phenol : 0.0082 : 0.0082 –– 0.022%0.022%
3.3. Carbon yieldCarbon yield : 14.28%: 14.28%
Potential carbonPotential carbon
1.1. Carbon yield from charcoal : 26.45%Carbon yield from charcoal : 26.45%
2.2. Carbon yield from wood vinegar: 14.28% Carbon yield from wood vinegar: 14.28%
3.3. Carbon gas : 0.053%Carbon gas : 0.053%
4.4. Total carbon yield: 40.73%Total carbon yield: 40.73%
CARBON SEQUESTRATION BY FORESTATION AND CARBONIZATIONCARBON SEQUESTRATION BY FORESTATION AND CARBONIZATION
AS CARBON SINKAS CARBON SINK
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
1.1. Combination charcoal compost and wood vinegar good for carbon Combination charcoal compost and wood vinegar good for carbon
sinksink
2. 2. PottensialPottensial carbon yield from organic waste 40.73% carbon yield from organic waste 40.73%
3.Total biomass increase from 89 to 233 gram.3.Total biomass increase from 89 to 233 gram.
Need application in the field in agroforestry system
New methodology to measure potensial carbon