Nino Jordan, Raimund Bleischwitz, Martin Drews, Jesse Fahnestock, Marie Nielsen, Stephan Slingerland

12 June 2018ReCreate Final Conference

Green Horizons Scoreboardhttp://www.green-horizons.eu/

Turbulent Times Require Systemic Innovations

• G7 seriously hampered – Transatlantic Relations at a very low stage

• The state of the European Union is fairly fragile with uncertain futures

• Systems thinking is key to

– Aligning issues and connecting dots

– Make member states aware of their positions and prospects

– Bring new actors and innovation alliances together

• RECREATE and the Green Horizon Scoreboard aim to be supportive for enabling new missions

RECREATE Green Horizon Scoreboard

What the Scoreboard is for

Challenges

Innovation systems

Innovation system functions and indicators

Enabling a range of analyses

Examples

Feedback from the audience

http://www.green-horizons.eu/

What the Scoreboard is for

The RECREATE Green Horizons Scoreboard serves to – measure,

– compare

– and benchmark

research-based efforts in the European Research Area (ERA) in the fields of climate change, resource efficiency and raw materials and the interactions between them in a way that is

– detailed

– grounded in current theory-building of innovation systems

– provides evidence for decision-making and strategy development

http://www.green-horizons.eu/

Challenges:

Large coverage necessary:

• ERA scope makes it challenging to find meaningful indicators shared by many Member States

Finding a meaningful level of aggregation:

• At what level of detail can R&I professionals draw most benefit from data?

– At greater level of detail gaps in the data become more apparent

http://www.green-horizons.eu/

11 different Environmental Innovation Systems (EIS)

http://www.green-horizons.eu/

The RECREATE scoreboard translates functions of innovation systems into useful indicators and data analysis

Knowledge development and diffusion

•Scientific publications

•Patents

Influence on the direction

of search

• Core environmental & resource indicators: Raw Material Consumption (RMC), Domestic Material Consumption (DMC), GHG emissions

•Critical raw materials consumption

Entrepre-neurial

experimentation

•Government expenditure on energy demonstration projects

Market formation

•Environmental Policy Stringency

•Implicit tax rate on energy

•Share of renewable energy in electricity

•Secondary raw material prices

•Plastic waste exports and incineration

Legitimation of

technologies

•Survey data: Relative importance of climate change and environmental problems for citizens

Resource mobilization

•Investment data

•Employment in the renewable energy industry

•Environmental protection expenditure on waste management

•Related public R&D spending

•Related private R&D spending

…taking into account ongoing research challenges and data restrictions!

Enable a range of analyses

http://www.green-horizons.eu/

Example 1: Some middle income countries do exceptionally well in scientific publications in the waste area

Average Waste and Recycling publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals 2007-2015

Based on Web of Science data, filtered by keywords

Waste and Recycling publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals

Example 1: Slovenia – Transforming academic success into waste reduction

Extraordinary Slovenian performance in waste and recycling publications ..

… corresponds with great strides in reduction of waste to landfill.

Example 2: Soil Remediation National determinants of innovation outputs for clean-up technologies…

1995 soil remediation

and protection decree

in Flanders, Belgium:

Evaluation of over

27,000 parcels of land for soil pollution in Flanders since then. Information is made publicly available.

2007 soil

remediation and

protection decree

in Flanders ,

Belgium:

production ofnearly 200,000 soil certificates in 2007 and initiation of clean-up at over 360 locations

Based on: OECD patent data; James Bone, Martin Head, Declan Barraclough, Michael Archer, Catherine Scheib, Dee Flight, and Nikolaos Voulvoulis, Soil quality assessment under emerging regulatory requirements, Environ. Int. 36 (2010), no. 6, 609–622.; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Soils policy: Soil contamination in Europe.

...Crisis driving policies and efforts towards solutions: Belgium

Annual national expenditures on the

management of contaminated sites vs. soil

remediation patents

Estimated number of potentially contaminated

sites vs. soil decontamination patents

Source: European Environment Agency;

based on EIONET request for data in 2011:

http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/networkcooperations/contaminated-sites-2011

…Crisis...

Example 3: Plastic wastePolicy shocks hitting some countries unprepared

Based on OECD, Web of Science, and UN Comtrade

…showing exporters (D, UK...) and

importers (Latvia, NL, Sweden...)Yet, countries such as the UK seem to

underperform in terms of patents and scientific

publications on the issue

….and recent

Chinese policies

cause a huge blow,

trigger action by

companies,

governments, and

the EC

Case 4: REN SuccessPioneers and catching-up countries

Denmark pioneering for patents and

share of REN

But Portugal catching up from

midfield position in academic

publications

Fighting successfully energy

dependence

Lessons learned

• Compiling a range of data structured along core indicators and innovation systems is useful

• Enables analysis of drivers across countries and wider systems

• Risk of getting lost in data should not be overlooked

• Applying the Green Horizon Scoreboard needs accompanying research

Next steps

• Submission of research paper on regional versus global attributes of clean-up innovation systems

• Publication of working paper on plastic waste issue

• Online promotion of Scoreboard, accompanied by policy brief and video

• Discussions on follow-up projects

• Upload of indicators and descriptions to Harvard Dataverse

Thanks

Thank you very much for your attention!

Example 3: Environmental concern and Energy R&D spending across countries

Based on Eurobarometer data

Based on Eurobarometer Based on Eurostat