Frequency Planning 20080514 A Microwave Huawei

8/9/2019 Frequency Planning 20080514 A Microwave Huawei

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June 22, 2006

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI Confdential

Secuit! Le"el# INTE$NAL

Microwave NetworkPlanning and Design--Frequency Planning

Microwave Business Dept.


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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confdential

Microwave Frequency Planning

Purpose of frequency planning:

Make reasonable use of the frequency resources

so that the new microwave links and existing ones

do not interfere with each other and the system

availability of the microwave network can be

ensured. In the process of planning for the

microwave network, appropriate frequency bands

and channels should be selected and interference

avoidance should also be taken into account.


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Microwave frequency bands suggested by I!"#$ for common use%Frequency

Band

4 GHz L6 GHz U6 GHz GHz ! GHz "" GHz "# GHz "$ GHz "! GHz %# GHz %6 GHz #! GHz

&ange #'6(4'% $')(6'4 6'4('" '"(' '(!'$ "*'(""' "%'("#'% "4'$("$'# "'(")' %"'"(%#'6 %4'$(%6'$ #'*(#)'$


+ivision of ,icrowave frequency -ands:

&' M' (' )(' "(' *(' +('

Microwave

"* ., " ., "** , "* , " , "* c, " c, " ,,

f #* .Hz #** .Hz # MHz #* MHz #** MHz # GHz #* GHz #** GHz

Infrared

rays

)isible

light


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Microwave Frequency PlanningPrinciples of selec/ing proper frequency -ands:

-. *elect proper frequency bands according to the frequency resources licenses/ owned by

the carriers and the stipulations of local radio management committees.

2. *elect proper frequency bands according to the characteristics of the designed networks

and routes. 'or example, high#frequency bands are generally used for mobile networks

and M01s because quite a few channels available at high#frequency bands.

. *elect proper frequency bands according to their characteristics.

&ow#frequency bands &345"345645745--4/ are suitable for long#distance links and

high#frequency bands -45-845-745245234574/ are suitable for short#distance

links.

9ue to the limited number of channels existing at low#frequency bands, interference

tends to arise in the long#distance transmission.

(igh#frequency bands are suitable for high#speed data transmission and interference

sustainable because there are many channels with broad bandwidth.

(igh#frequency antennas feature high gains. :ompared with low#frequency bands, high#

frequency bands require small clearance. !owers with these antennas properly used can

be lower than others.


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0llus/ra/ion of /1e selec/ion of ,icrowave frequency -ands:

782 -; 2;- ; ; 8;

-.8 2.8

&015P:*

&ong#distancebackbone networks

0rea, local, and edge networks

2

7

Mbit5s

-;

-88

Mbit5s

27

-;-88

Mbit5s

. -- 4(<

4(


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7/38HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confdential


Figure " for configuring ,icrowave radio frequency c1annels:

:hannel number

'requency

'

'-'2

'o

- 2 n -= n=

&ower half band "pper half band

:enter frequency

'o% center frequency

2=


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Figure % for configuring ,icrowave radio frequency c1annels:

+ach channel consists of a pair of transmission and receiving frequencies.

!x

$x

!x

$x

:hannel :hannel

-

-=

n

n=

-

-=

n

n=

(igh site &ow site

!he site which the receiving frequency higher than

transmitting frequency is called a high site.

!he site which the receiving frequency is lower than

the transmitting frequency is called a low site.


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Principles of selec/ing proper -andwid/1 of ,icrowave c1annels:

!he bandwidth of a microwave channel is decided by the signal rate and radio

modulation scheme.

!he most commonly used ways are the quadrature phase shift keying ?P*@/ and

quadrature amplitude modulation ?0M/.

2 x +- requires .8 M(< ?P*@/ x +- requires 6 M(A ?P*@/ 7 x +- requires - M(< ?P*@/ -3 x +- requires 27 M(< ?P*@/ *!M#- requires 27 M(< -27?0M/

!he more advanced modulation is, the smaller the bandwidth is required.

!he -3+- signal subBect to ?P*@ requires the same bandwidth 27 M(


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Microwave Frequency PlanningPrinciples of selec/ing proper ,icrowave c1annels:

-. !ry not to select the special frequency resources licensed/ used by other carriers even if

these frequency bands are not used in some areas in case they may be used in the future/.

2. If the planned microwave link features the same routing or parallel routing as another

microwave link, it is recommended that the frequency band5channels different from those of

the existing link are used. 0 different polari


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89a,ple for /1e ,icrowave frequency planning:

In frequency planning, reusing of frequency resources should be taken

into account, the internal and external interference should be avoided,and the link quality should be enhanced.

Polari


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Microwave Frequency Planning5wo(frequency sys/e, and quadruple(frequency sys/e, used in ,icrowave frequency planning:

'or the -D- system or 2D; system of the frequency diversity, the use of the two#

frequency system can save the frequency resources, while the use of the quadruple#

frequency system can decrease the internal and external interference and enhance the

link quality. Chether to select the two#frequency system or the quadruple#frequency

system depends on the interference within the planned microwave network system and

the mutual interference between the microwave links to be established and the linksexisting in the system.

:ase -% Chen the link to be

established interleaves with an

existing one, the two#frequency

system can be used for the

former provided the same

system is used for the existing

link, and a different channel

should be selected in this case.89is/ing lin7

Lin7 /o -e established

"6 #

"6 # %6 4

%6 4


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Microwave Frequency Planning5wo(frequency sys/e, and quadruple(frequency sys/e, used in ,icrowave frequency planning:

:ase 2% Chen the link to be

established interleaves with an

existing one, t(e *uadu-le)e*uenc! '!'te can +eu'ed )o t(e )oe-o"ided t(e 'ae '!'tei' u'ed )o t(e e/i'tin& lin.In t(i' ca'e, t(enei&(+oin& lin' '(ould(a"e di1eent c(annel'.

89is/ing lin7

Lin7 /o -e es/a-lis1ed"6 #

%6 4 %6 4

"6 #

:ase % Chen the link to be

established has a branch,the quadruple#frequency

system should also be used

for this branch.

"6 #

%4

"6 #


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Microwave Frequency Planning5wo(frequency sys/e, and quadruple(frequency sys/e, used in ,icrowave frequency

planning:

:ase % Chen the link to be established

forms a loop#line with quite small angles,

the quadruple#frequency system should

be selected.

"6 #

%6 4 %6 4

:ase 8% Chen the routing deflection angles

are too great, but the angles of &a and &b

are quite small, for example, smaller than -8

degrees, comparatively great overreach

interference may occur if the two#frequency

system is selected for *ite 0 and *ite 9.

!herefore, the quadruple#frequency system

should also be used in this case.

"6 #

"6 # "#<B

=

+

%4La

L-

:ase 3% !he quadruple#frequency system should also be selected in such circumstances as the

front#back ratio difference of the antenna is smaller than 3;dE, the *C$*tanding Cave $atio/ of

the antenna feeder is large, and the equipment has weak immunity to interference.


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2elec/ion of proper frequency diversi/y c1annels:

Chen the microwave link is designed to adopt the frequency diversity protection,

attention should be paid to the selection of channel spacing between the master

channel and diversity channel. !he formula to calculate the improvement in the

frequency diversity is as follows%

d/1080210/

f f I

CFM

FD

•∆•=

where

FD I % frequency diversity improvement

f ∆ % frequency spacing between the master channel and diversity channel

f % $adio center frequency

CFM % flat fade margin

d % transmission section length

'rom the formula, we can find that the improvement in the frequency diversity is proportional to the

channel spacing. 4enerally, the channel spacing should be at least 2 times of the radio frequency

bandwidth. 'or a greater improvement in the diversity, the channel spacing should be as large as

possible.


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=ase 2/udy for Microwave Frequency Planning

:ase study purpose% to be familiar with the preceding rules for microwave frequency planning and apply them to practice.

ProBect area% Mauritius in the +astern (emisphere and *outhern (emisphere

$equirement of the longitude

and latitude of the site% auitiu'

'requency resource% assigned by the user, 64527M% 2 chsF 7456M% chs

:ontents of planning%

:hannel planning

(igh and low sites configuration

:onfiguration of the polarie/wor7 frequency planning in Mauri/ius:


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&egend%

=o,ple/e /1e rou/ing and capaci/y planning -y referring /o /1e rig1/ ,ap:

25M("

!8"

48"

1ew relay stations

*ervice hub

E!*


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Proper channels of different bandwidths should be selected according to the capacity of the microwave link and frequency resource

the user owns.

'requency resource owned by the user%

=1annel selec/ion ":

:hannel 1o. 'requency :hannel 1o. 'requency

-h 63-; -l 62

h 6333 l 6>7

64% 6.#6.6F number of channels% 2F channel spacing% 27 M(


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Proper channels of different bandwidths should be selected according to the capacity of the microwave link and frequency

resource the user owns.

'requency resource owned by the user%

=1annel selec/ion #:

74% 6.>#7.F number of channels% F channel spacing% 6 M(<

:hannel 1o. 'requency :hannel 1o. 'requency

-h 7-67 -l 6>-2

2h 7-78 2l 6>->

h 7->2 l 6>23h 7->> l 6>


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Proper channels of different bandwidths should be selected according to the capacity

of the microwave link and frequency resource the user owns.

!he following channels are selected according to the capacity of the link%

=1annel selec/ion 4:

'or *!M#-, select f- and f channels 628#6628/ with 27 M(< bandwidth.

'or 7+- P9(, select f- and f2 channels 6>;;#7;;/ with - M(< bandwidth.

'or +- P9(, select f-, f2, f, and f channels 6>;;#7;;/ with 6M(< bandwidth.


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+xample for frequency planning in Pathloss%

Frequency planning in Pa/1loss:

-. 0ccess the P&.; program.

2. &og in to the network module.

. Gpen the completed routing file.

. !ake the link between *ite 8 and *ite 2- for instance. *et the :( parameters

after setting the parameters for $adio and 0ntennas.

8. :lick =H. !he 5? =1annels dialog box is displayed, as shown in the next page.


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:lick =H. !he 5?

=1annels dialog box

is displayed, as

shown in the figure

on the right side %



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:lick Loo7up. In

the File dialog box

that is displayed,

click ;pen and

select the

corresponding

frequency planning

file from Freqplan,

as shown in the

figure on the right

side.



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*9( adopts the hotbackup system. *elect

f- channel with 6 4(<

bandwidth as required,

and then select the

proper frequency for

use, site - as the high

site, and the vertical

polari


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0ccording to the

two#frequency

system, the

frequency planning

for the *9(

backbone ring is

completed, as

shown in the figureon the right side%



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0ccording to the two#frequency

system, the frequency planning

for the *9( backbone ring is

completed, as shown in the

figure on the right side.

1ote that a site *ite 8/ in the

ring has both high and low

stations due to the odd number

of the E!*s. In frequency

planning processes, thisshould be avoided.


l 6

, > 7 ( 6 3 3 3 h

l 6 , > 7 ) 6 3 3 3 h

- h 6 3 -

; ) 6 ,

, 2 - l

h 6 3 3 3 (

6 , > 7 l

- l 6

, , 2 )

6 3 - ;

- h

- h 6 3 - ; ( 6 , , 2 - l

h 6 3 3 3 ) 6 , > 7 l

*ite 852

*ite 2-5-

*ite 285-

*ite 5-

*ite 85-

099-

0992


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*tatistics about the

frequency planning

for the *9(

backbone ring%


2i/e >a,e " 2i/e >a,e %Frequency@Polariza/ion

Mode

*ite 8 high/ *ite 2- low/ "@

*ite 2- low/ *ite 8 high/ #@

*ite 8 high/ *ite low/ "@H

*ite low/ *ite 28 high/ #@H

*ite 28 high/ 099 2 low/ "@

099 2 low/ 099 - high/ #@

099 - high/ *ite 8 low/ #@H


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!ake *ite 2- for

instance. In Pathloss,

implement the

frequency planning forthe link of 7+-. *elect

the -D- hot backup

mode, f- channel in 7

4(< bandwidth, and

vertical polari


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!ake *ite 2- for

instance. !he result

of the frequency

planning for the link

of +- is shown in

the figure on the

right side%



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!he 2#hop *9( link, -#hop 7+- link,

and #hop +- link converge at *ite

2-. 0s +- has quite a few links, try

to select different channels in the

direction of 7+- links to reduce the

interference. In this case, f-, f, andf channels with 7 4(< bandwidth

are selected and a different

polaria,es "

2i/e

>a,es %

8quip,en/ Planned

Frequency

5 &

*ite 2-

low/

*ite 7

high/

+- ( 6> !"))

*ite 2-

low/

*ite 7

high/

+- ) 6>23 !")%

*ite 2-

low/

*ite >

high/

+- -( 6>-2 !"!


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!he result of the

frequency

planning for *ite

2- is shown in

the figure on the

right side%


Site 5

Site 24

Site 5 4 ( 7 6

4 0 8 7 9

9 2

4 l

l 7 9 : 3 8 7 6 6 6

(

( 3 4 : 2 8 7 : 2 6

l

4 (

3 4 7 3 8

7 : 4 2

4 l 3 E 4

.

9 ; S <

4

( 3 4 7 3 H

7

: 4 2 4 l

9 (

3 4 : :

H

7 : 6 6 9

l

Site3

Site 3

Site :


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:omplete all frequency planning for the microwave network according to the relevant

principles and output the design result. !he frequency configuration in the software

will be used for the future interference analysis.


Out-ut o)*uenc! -lanni


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Frequency Planning 20080514 A Microwave Huawei