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•French for “Rebirth”
•Growth in the arts and learning.
•Began in Italy around 1300 (Florence became the center)
•Italy’s advantages:
Growing cities
Wealthy merchants (Medici – family who ruled Florence through wealth)
Greek and Roman heritage
•Focused on the secular and not the religious.
•Studied classical Greek and Roman text.
•Made “the humanities” popular (history, literature, philosophy)
•Believed in enjoying the luxuries in life.
•Became patrons of the arts to demonstrate the importance of the arts and themselves.
•All educated people were expected to create art.
•The ideal person tried to master every area of study.
•What would be the benefit of this? What would be a negative?
•Baldassare Castiglione wrote the book The Courtier to teach people how to become a Renaissance man.
•Changed from trying to express a religious idea to using a realistic classic style.
•Revived old artistic style of Classical Realism and the use of perspective.
•Artists were often painters, sculptors, poets, architects, and inventors.
Sistine Chapel Michelangelo
1512
•Expressed humanist ideas, scientific knowledge, realistic experiences, and social conditions.
•Dante and other writers wrote in their native language (vernacular) instead of Latin.
•Niccolo Machiavelli’s book The Prince said
People are selfish, fickle and corrupt.
It is better to be feared than respected.
Political effectiveness was more important than morals
•Ideas were spread to Northern Europe through trade, travel, and print.
•The Renaissance inspired social reform.
•Artists studied in Italy and would bring the Renaissance style back with them to Europe.
Albercht DuerYoung Hare
1502
Johannes Vermeer Girl With A Pearl Earring
1665
•Northern humanists mixed the Renaissance ideas with religious ones
•Writers focused on the flaws of society.
•Desiderius Erasmus believed society could be improved if all people studied the Bible.
•Thomas More wrote the book Utopia to show a perfect world without greed, corruption, war and crime (to show society a better model).
•Writer in Renaissance England.
•Greatest playwright
•Plays spread the ideas of the Renaissance.
•Showed human flaws by focusing on realistic characters.
•Drew upon the classics for inspiration (Julius Caesar)
•Renaissance in England also known as the Elizabethan Age.
•Queen Elizabeth I spoke 4 languages, wrote poetry, patronized writers and artists.
•How does this reflect the Renaissance ideas?
•Invented by Johann Gutenberg
•Machine that pressed paper against inked moveable type.
•1st book printed was the bible (Gutenberg Bible)
•Made books cheap and plentiful enough for many to buy.
•Learning and literacy rose significantly.
What effect would this have on the religious community and the church?
