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Free-Surface FlowsCFD Seminar 2
Challenge Problem
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Flow CharacteristicsVolume of Fluid Model
• Immiscible fluids with clearly
defined interface.
! Shape of the interface is of
interest
• Typical problems:
! Jet breakup
! Motion of large bubbles in a liquid
! Motion of liquid after a dam break
! Steady or transient tracking of
any liquid-gas interface
• Inappropriate if bubbles are small
compared to a control volume
(bubble columns)
t=0 secs
t=0.6 secs
Volume of Fluid Model
• Immiscible fluids with clearly
defined interface.
! Shape of the interface is of
interest
• Typical problems:
! Jet breakup
! Motion of large bubbles in a liquid
! Motion of liquid after a dam break
! Steady or transient tracking of
any liquid-gas interface
• Inappropriate if bubbles are small
compared to a control volume
(bubble columns)
t=0 secs
t=0.6 secs
Volume of Fluid Model
• Immiscible fluids with clearly
defined interface.
! Shape of the interface is of
interest
• Typical problems:
! Jet breakup
! Motion of large bubbles in a liquid
! Motion of liquid after a dam break
! Steady or transient tracking of
any liquid-gas interface
• Inappropriate if bubbles are small
compared to a control volume
(bubble columns)
t=0 secs
t=0.6 secs
Volume of Fluid Model
• Immiscible fluids with clearly
defined interface.
! Shape of the interface is of
interest
• Typical problems:
! Jet breakup
! Motion of large bubbles in a liquid
! Motion of liquid after a dam break
! Steady or transient tracking of
any liquid-gas interface
• Inappropriate if bubbles are small
compared to a control volume
(bubble columns)
t=0 secs
t=0.6 secs
Sloshing
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Horizontal Film Boiling
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Liquid in Zero Gravity
Surface Tension
Example
• Cylinder of water (5 x 1 cm) is surrounded by air in no
gravity
• Surface is initially perturbed so that the diameter is 5%
larger on ends
• The disturbance at the surface grows by surface tension
Surface Tension
Example
• Cylinder of water (5 x 1 cm) is surrounded by air in no
gravity
• Surface is initially perturbed so that the diameter is 5%
larger on ends
• The disturbance at the surface grows by surface tension
Surface Tension
Example
• Cylinder of water (5 x 1 cm) is surrounded by air in no
gravity
• Surface is initially perturbed so that the diameter is 5%
larger on ends
• The disturbance at the surface grows by surface tension
Surface Tension
Example
• Cylinder of water (5 x 1 cm) is surrounded by air in no
gravity
• Surface is initially perturbed so that the diameter is 5%
larger on ends
• The disturbance at the surface grows by surface tension
Casting
The filling of an alternator housing. Metal colored by temperature.
Volume Of Fluid Model
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Fluid 1
Fluid 2
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∂r(k )
∂t+ v ⋅ ∇r(k ) = 0
Today’s Simulation