First Aid Awareness

Wilton Little League

Personal Protection

For you and the patient Gloves Barrier devices

Cold Packs

Different types Chemical reaction Plain old ice Towel or pad between pack and

skin On and off

Sprains

Ligaments torn Swelling Dislocation Pain on movement Difficult to tell difference from fractures or

dislocation

Cold pack or ice Keep person at rest Avoid movement of injured extremity Keep shoe on

Strains

Muscle over-stretched

Pain

Ice

Dislocation

Dislocation – one end of the bone is pulled or pushed out of the joint

Deformity Constant pain & increased pain on movement Frozen joint Swelling Loss of function & or distal pulse

Cold pack or ice Stabilize Do not try to “pop” back in

Fractures Fracture is the breaking of the bone

Open fracture Control bleeding Keep clean Do not push in No pressure. Loose bandage Stabilize Ice

Closed fracture Stabilize Ice

Head Injuries

Skull fracture Nausea Vomiting Black eyes (raccoon eyes) Bleeding from ears & or nose Ringing in the ears Confusion (concussion)

Any doubt EMS or advise parents to seek medical help

Control bleeding NO PRESSURE

Eye Injuries Redness Watery Dirt in eyes

Wash it out from bridge of nose out Do not rub

Impaled object DO NOT REMOVE Cover good eye Place cup over impaled object to prevent

movement

Nose & Mouth Injuries

Nose injuries Swelling Discolored Lean patient forward Pinch nose closed should stop 10 minutes Ice

Mouth Injuries Teeth save them, get to surgeon within hour could

save tooth Hold tooth by enamel not root transport in milk or

water Rinse out If conscience bite on gauze to control bleeding

Spinal Injuries

May or may not be pain May or may not be able to move Tender along spine DO NOT MOVE PATIENT DO NOT REMOVE HELMET

ALL BETS OFF IF PATIENT NOT BREATHING

BLEEDINGInternalo Bruiseo Swellingo Black & blueo Cold pack or ice

Arterial o Bright redo Spurting

Venous o Dark redo Oozing slowly

o Bandageo Direct pressureo Elevateo ice

Heat cramps

Sweating heavily Drinking large quantities of

water Loss of salts & water

Cool down (get out of the sun) Wet towels

Heat Exhaustion

Sweating Muscle cramps Weak

Cool down (get out of sun) Wet towel back of neck, underarms Fluids

Heat Stroke

Very Serious True emergency Doesn’t sweat Dry skin may be red Hot to the touch

Cool down (get out of the sun) Wet towels Medical help

Allergic Reactions Itchy Watery eyes Hives Red skin Swelling Tightness in chest and throat Breathing problems

Inhalers or epinephrine pens (epie pens) Know who on the teams needs or uses these

and that they know what to do or someone always there who does

Diabetic Emergency

Diabetic Coma inadequate supply of insulin long onset probably won’t witness

Insulin shock too much insulin in system Comes on sudden May pass out Confused headache

If conscious give OJ , water and sugar get sugar level up

Seizures

Epilepsy Stares into space Uncontrollable shaking

Person may know of onset DO NOT hold down just protect

patient

Choking

Unable to cough, speak or breathe If they can pass air or cough leave

them alone If not lean forward give 5 back blows

and 5 abdominal thrusts If goes unconscious call EMS then 30

chest compressions look for object remove if found followed by 2 rescue breaths if they don’t go in give 30 chest compressions

Heart Attack Chest pain Uncomfortable Pressure in chest Pain in arms, jaw Last more than a few minutes

Sweating Nausea Shortness Denial EMS

CPR

Check for response Open airway head tilt chin lift Check for breathing 10 seconds No breathing CALL 911 Start CPR 30 compressions 2

breathes rate of about 5 sets in 2 minutes

Rescue breathing

Tilt head chin lift Check for breathing 2 rescue breathes Check for pulse Pulse good no breathing

breathe for patient 1 breath every 3 seconds

Stroke Sudden body weakness or numbness usually one side Sudden facial drooping Trouble speaking Trouble with eyes Sudden severe headaches Dizziness, loss of balance

F.A.S.T. recognition of stroke Face ask them to smile Arm weak numb and unable to raise them evenly Speech slurred can’t make simple sentence Time call 911 in any signs present. Drugs can help

the stroke victim if early medical help