,Universidad Autnoma de QuertaroExtensin de Lenguas y Letras

Final English Review

Jos de Jess lvarez GonzlezLanguage Coordinator

Abrego Basurto CarlaCervantes Morales Paulina

November 2010

INDEX1. Verb to be and Third person2. Present continuous3. Present simple with Adverbs of frequency4. Past simple of the verb to be (was/were)5. Past simple; Regular and Irregular verbs

6. Past continuous7. Descriptive adjectives8. Comparative and Superlatives9. Regular verbs (50)/t/, /d/, /id/ pronunciation10. Irregular verbs (90)

INTRODUCTIONThe following work summarizes the main lessons of the first semester of the English course. These topics are the base for the language learning; English language skills might increase our job offers, as well as our wages. Therefore they are necessary for our future professional development.

1. Verb to beUse

Grammar

POSITIVE I + am + complement.I am a student.THIRD PERSON (She, he it) + is + complement.She is a student.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, they, you) + are + complement.We are a student.NEGATIVEI + am + not + complement. I am not a student.THIRD PERSON (She, he, it) + is + not (isnt) + complement.She isnt a student.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, you, they) + Are + not (arent) + complement.We arent students.

INTERROGATIVEIAm + + complement+?Am I a student?THIRD PERSON (she, he, it)Is /isnt + + complement +?Is she a student?Isnt she a student?

OTHER PRONOUNS (we, you, they)Are/arent + + complement +?Are we students?Arent we students? 1. Present continuousUse

Grammar

POSITIVEI + am + verb + ING + complement.I am eating pizza with my cousins.THIRD PERSON (She, he it) + is + verb + ING+ complement.He is eating pizza with his cousins.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, they, you) + Are + verb +ING + complement.They are eating pizza with your cousins.NEGATIVEI + am + not +verb + ING + complement. I am not eating pizza with my cousins.THIRD PERSON (She, he, it) + is + not (isnt) + verb + ING+ complement.He isnt eating pizza with his cousins. OTHER PRONOUNS (We, you, they) + Are + not (arent) + complement.They are eating pizza with your cousins.

INTERROGATIVEIAm + + verb + ING + complement+?Am I eating pizza with my cousins?THIRD PERSON (she, he, it)Is /isnt + + verb + ING + complement +?Is he eating pizza with his cousins? Isnt he eating pizza with his cousins?

OTHER PRONOUNS (we, you, they)Are/arent + + verb + ING + complement +?Are they eating pizza with your cousins?Arent they eating pizza with your cousins?2. Present simpleUseGrammar

POSITIVEI + Verb + complement.I have a friend from China.THIRD PERSON (She, he it) + Verb + s + complement.She has a friend from China.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, they, you) + Verb + complement. You have a friend from China.NEGATIVEI + do + not (dont) +verb + complement. I dont have a friend from China.THIRD PERSON (She, he, it) + Does + not (doesnt) + verb + complement.She doesnt have friend from China.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, you, they) + Do + not (dont) + complement.You dont have a friend from China.

INTERROGATIVEIDo /dont + + verb + complement+?Do I have a friend from China?Dont I have a friend from China?THIRD PERSON (she, he, it)Does/doesnt + + verb + complement +?Does she have a friend from China?Doesnt she have a friend from China? OTHER PRONOUNS (we, you, they)Do/dont + + verb + complement +?Do they have a friend from a China?Dont they have a friend from a China?

3. Past simple of the verb to beUseIGrammar

POSITIVE + was + complement.I was to visit my grandmother.THIRD PERSON (She, he it) + was + complement.She was to visit his grandmother.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, they, you) + Were + complement.We were to visit grandmother.NEGATIVEI + was + not (wasnt) + complement (verb + ING). I wasnt to visiting my grandmother.THIRD PERSON (She, he, it) + Was+ not (wasnt) + complement (verb + ING).She wasnt to visiting his grandmother.OTHER PRONOUNS (We, you, they) +were + not (werent) + complement (verb + ING).We werent visiting his grandmother.

INTERROGATIVEIWas /wasnt + + complement (verb + ING) +?Was I visiting to my grandmother?Wasnt I visiting to my grandmother?THIRD PERSON (she, he, it)Was/wasnt + + complement (verb + ING) +?Was she visiting to his grandmother?Wasnt she visiting to his grandmother? OTHER PRONOUNS (we, you, they)We/werent + + verb + complement +?Were we visiting to his grandmother?Werent visiting to his grandmother?4. Past simple regular and irregular verbUse

Grammar

PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBSVerb ending inHow to take the simple pastExamples

EAdd d

Live livedDate dated

Consonant + yChange y to i, and then add edTry triedCry cried

One vowel + one consonant(but not w or y)Double the consonant, then add edTap tappedcommit committed

anything else including wAdd edboil boiledfill filledhand handedshow showed

PAST SIMPLE IRREGULAR VERBSCategoryExamples

Verbs which don't changecut cuthit hitfit fit

Verbs which change their vowelGet got Drink dranksit sat

Verbs which change completelycatch caughtbring broughtteach taught

6. Past continuousUseThe past progressive describes an action happening in the past, it is used to:- put emphasis on the course of an action in the past- establish the specific time of the action in the past - point two actions happening at the same time in the past- point the interruption of an activity in the pastGrammar

POSITIVE

I + was + verb-ing + complementI was eating a hamburger when you called.

THIRD PERSON (he, she, it) + was + verb-ing + complementShe was sleeping while he was reading a book.

OTHER PRONOUNS (you, we, they) + were + verb-ing + complementWe were winning until you joined the squad.

NEGATIVE

I + was + not wasnt) + verb-ing + complementI wasnt eating a hamburger when you called

THIRD PERSON (he, she, it) + was + not wasnt) + verb-ing + complementShe wasnt sleeping while he was reading a book.

OTHER PRONOUNS (you, we, they) + were + not werent) + verb-ing + complementWe werent winning until you joined the squad.

INTERROGATIVE

IWas/Wasnt + + verb-ing + complement + ?Was I eating a hamburger when you called?Wasnt I eating a hamburger when you called?

THIRD PERSON (he, she, it)Was/Wasnt + + verb-ing + complement + ?Was she sleeping while he was reading a book?Wasnt she sleeping while he was reading a book?

OTHER PRONOUNS (you, we, they)Were/Werent + + verb-ing + complement + ?Were we winning until you joined the squad.Werent we winning until you joined the squad.

7. Descriptive adjectivesUseAdjectives modify nouns, pronouns, and groups of words functioning as nouns. Descriptive adjectives describe the noun; specifically, the action, state, or quality that nouns refer to. Descriptive adjectives are the largest class of the four types of adjectives (the others being adjectives of quantity, demonstrative adjectives, and pronominal adjectives).A list of descriptive adjectives can be organized into three categories:1) Simple Adjectives: they function to express quality, feelings, time, sound, quantity, taste, appearance, size, age, color, shape, and material through simple adjectives.

alertancient attractive beigebitter chestnut fuzzy giant massivemodern sticky sweetswift tan teeny

2) Compound Adjectives: two words combined to create a descriptive adjective; the two words are typically connected with a hyphen.

self-centeredice-coldnext-doorlong-leggedfour-sidedhigh-heeledleft-handedfreckle-facedred-bloodedbroken-heartedbaby-faced

3) Proper Adjectives: adjectives that are derived from proper nouns; nations, regions, and religions are common qualities described by proper adjectives.

ItalianFrenchEnglishMexican CalifornianCanadianRomanAtlanticPacificAntarcticEcuadorianMayanChristianBuddhistHindu

8. Comparative and SuperlativesComparative: To contrast 2 people, places, things (using adjectives)

a) Short words (1 syllable)-erold oldernice nicercheap cheaper

* Words ending in the form CONSONANT VOWEL - CONSONAT duplicate the last consonant.big biggerhot hotterthin thinner

* Words ending in y-iereasy easierhavy heavierearly earlier**Exception:good betterbad - worse

b) Long words (more than 1 syllable)more + adjectivecareful- more carefulexpensive more expensivepolite more polite

Superlative: To point something or someone that stands out from a group.a) Short words (1 syllable)the -estold the oldestnice the nicestcheap the cheapest

* Words ending in the form CONSONANT VOWEL - CONSONAT duplicate the last consonant.big the biggesthot the hottestthin the thinnest

* Words ending in ythe -iesteasy the easiesthavy the heaviestearly the earliest

b) Long words (more than 1 syllable)the most + adjectivecareful- the most carefulexpensive the most expensivepolite the most polite

9. Regular verbs (50)/t/, /d/, /id/ pronunciationRegular verbs are those that add d or ed to their infinitive form for their past tense. Rules:- Duplicate the last consonant if it is a one-syllable verb that ends in the form CONSONANT VOWEL - CONSONAT (Ex. stop - stopped)- In verbs that end in the form CONSONANT Y; change the letter y for ied (Ex. bury - buried)

Regular Verbs Listaccept (acpt) accepted (acptid) aceptar

add (ad) added (did) agregar

admire (admiar) admired (admiard) admirar

admit (admt) admitted (admtid) admitir

advise (advis) advised (advist) aconsejar

afford (afrd) afforded (afrdit) afrontar

agree (agr:) agreed (agr:d) estar de acuerdo

alert (alrt) alerted (alrtid) alertar

allow (alu) allowed (alud) permitir

amuse (amis) amused (amist) entretener

analyse (nalais) analysed (nalaist) analizar

announce (anuns) announced (anunst) anunciar

annoy (ani) annoyed (anid) molestar

answer (nsuer) answered (nsuerd) contestar

appear (apar) appeared (apard) aparecer

applaud (apld) applauded (apldid) aplaudir

approve (aprv) approved (aprvt) aprobar

argue (:rguiu) argued (:rguiut) discutir

arrange (arrindch) arranged (arrindcht) arreglar

arrest (arrst) arrested (arrstid) arrestar

arrive (arriv) arrived (arrivd) llegar

ask (ask) asked (askt) preguntar

attach (atch) attached (atcht) adjuntar

attack (atck) attacked (atckt) atacar

attempt (atmpt) attempted (atmptid) intentar

attend (atnd) attended (atndid) asistir

attract (atrct) attracted (atrctid) atraer

avoid (avid) avoided (avidid) evitar

boil (bil)boiled (bild)hervir

book (buk)booked (bukt)reservar

bore (bor)bored (bord)aburrir

borrow (brrou)borrowed (brroud)pedir prestado

bounce (buns)bounced (bunst)rebotar

brake (brik)broke (bruk)frenar

breathe (brid)breathed (brdid)respirar

brush (brash)brushed (brasht)cepillar

burn (bern)burnt (bernt)quemar

damage (dmidz)damaged (dmidzd)daar

dance (dans)danced (danst)bailar

deceive (disv)deceived (disvd)engaar

decide (disid)decided (disidid)decidir

decorate (dkoreit)decorated (dkorerid)decorar

delay (dili)delayed (dilid)demorar

delete (dil:t)deleted (dil:tid)suprimir, eliminar, borrar

delight (dilit)delighted (dilirid)deleitar

deliver (delver)delivered (delverd)repartir

depend (dipnd)depended (dipnid)depender

describe (diskrib)described (diskribd)describir

deserve (disrv)deserved (disrvd)merecer

destroy (distri)destroyed (distrid)destruir

detect (ditkt)detected (ditktid)detectar

10. Irregular verbs (90)