Are You suprised ?
PRIMER
On
FI /SD Integration
TARGET READERS: Functional / Technical Consultants in SAP
Practice
KEYWORDS: SAP, FI, Integration, Sales & Distribution
BOK on the integration of FI/CO with SD
The following document discusses about the concept of
integration between Financial and Sales & Distribution module
of SAP along with the basic settings required in the system.
The integration between FI/CO and SD means that the all the
transactions taking place in SD module need to automatically post
in the FI books. Suppose a simple sales transaction like an invoice
is being made, then the system needs to identify the revenue
account it should credit and the cash or customer account it should
debit. [The transactions in S&D module may vary from invoicing,
debit memo, credit memo, discounts and many others.]
The integration of accounting with sales starts at the time of
billing. The system would identify a GL account on the basis of the
combinations defined in SPRO as well as the Access Sequence in
which it is accessed. One such possible combination can be,
(i) Billing Document Type - This is already identified in SD
(Billing Type is attached with a Account determination
procedure)
(ii) Chart of Account
(iii) Sales Organization - Assigned to a Company Code
(iv) Customer Account Assignment Group - Identified from
Customer Master
(v) Material Account Assignment Group Identified from Material
Master record
(vi) Account Key - This reflects a type of transaction in
billing doc. For example a billing document may consist of billing
price i.e. revenue, discount, duties/taxes etc. An account key may
indicate revenue (i.e. ERL Revenue or ERS - Discounts)
There maybe several combinations as the one above and are
maintained in the system. The Access Sequence that is defined
separately dictates the combination that should be used to identify
the GL account.
All the possible combinations are maintained through transaction
code VKOA.
Configuration setting in SAP for FI/ SD integration
Step 1: Defining Pricing Procedure and Assigning of Pricing
Conditions
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Pricing > Define and assign Pricing Procedures
Screen : 1
The above screen displays the pricing procedure. A pricing
procedure is made of many pricing conditions. For example pricing
procedure ZREGEU (Regular Order (EAME)) would consist of Price,
discounts, shipping charges etc., which will constitute the Net
price after certain calculations on the conditions.
The screenshot below shows the assignment of the Condition Types
to a Pricing Procedure.
Screen : 2Pricing Condition ZALP has been highlighted above.
Step 2: Define and assign account keys
Each pricing condition is attached to an Account key.
One needs to first create an Account Key in the System.
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define and Assign Account Keys
Screen : 3Once the Account Key has been created, it is attached
to a condition type. Path to view the same is,
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define and Assign Account Keys
Screen : 4So far, we have defined a relationship in Pricing
Procedure, Condition Types and Account key. The Account Key is the
main integration point between FI and SD. You have already seen one
part, as to how an Account Key relates to SD Pricing. The other
part would entail the association of Account Key in G/L account
Determination
The steps below establish a relationship between Billing Type,
Account determination procedure, Account Condition Types and Access
Sequence.
Step 3: Define and Assign Account Determination Procedure
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define and Assign Account Determination Procedure > Assign
Account Determination Procedure
Screen : 5
In above screen Billing Type F2 has been mapped to Account
Determination Procedure Z00100.
An account determination procedure is defined and mapped to the
Account Condition Types. Path to define the Account determination
Procedure is as below:
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define and Assign Account Determination Procedure > Define
Account Determination Procedure
Screen : 6
In the above screen Account Determination Procedure Z00100 can
be viewed. This account determination procedure is attached to the
Account Condition Types. The same can be viewed by selecting the
Control Data in the above screen. Screen Shot of the same is as
shown below:
Screen : 7In above screen Account determination Procedure Z00100
is attached to Account Condition type Z001 and KOFK.
Step 4: Define Access Sequence and Account Determination
Types
The Account Condition types, Access Sequence and their mutual
relationship would be configured in this step.
Defining Account Determination Type attaching it with Access
Sequence
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define Access Sequence And Account Determination Types >
Define Account Determination Types
Screen : 8
In the above screen Account Condition Type Z001 (Apple Account
Det.) is attached to a Access Sequence Z001.
An Access sequence specifies the sequence in which the system
would look for tables maintaining General Ledger Accounts at the
time of billing in Sales & distribution.
Defining Access Sequence
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Define Access Sequence And Account Determination Types >
Maintain Access Sequence for account determination
Screen : 9
The above screen displays the different Access Sequence that has
been defined in the system.
Screen : 10
An access sequence step is attached to a table (this table is
maintained through VKOA). Access Sequence defines the steps as per
priority in which the VKOA tables are to be accessed for G/L
account determination.
The above screen shows Access sequence steps maintained for
Access Sequence Z001. First Column shows the accesses sequence
number and the second column shows the VKOA table number.
VKOA Table contains a combination of different fields, which
would help in Revenue Account determination at the time of billing.
For example, VKOA table 701 contains a combination of Billing Type
/ Material Group / Account Key. This can be viewed by selecting the
table and pressing the tab fields.
Screen : 11
The basic configuration for FI/ SD integration has been shown to
you. We have defined the following:
VKOA table is the integration point of all the above
configurations. A VKOA table contains combination of various
parameters such as sales org, billing type, customer group,
material account assignment group, etc. For each individual
combination we define a G/L account number, which would be hit at
the time of billing. Some VKOA tables are standard SAP tables but
business can define their own tables according to business
requirements.
A typical VKOA table looks like as shown below,
SPRO > Sales & Distribution > Basic Functions >
Account Assignment / Costing > Revenue Account Determination
> Assign GL Accounts
Transaction Code: VKOA
Screen : 12
Step 5: Illustration of FI & SD integration
In the following screens we would show and discuss the billing
documents, pricing procedures and account determination procedures
related to it and subsequent determination of revenue account.
Pricing procedure in a billing document
Below screen shot displays header data of a billing document.
Here pricing procedure ZREG56 attached to a billing doc is visible.
To view a billing document Transaction Code - VF03
Screen : 13
Pricing Conditions in a billing document
Below screen shot displays various pricing conditions such as
ZPRI, ZDIS and PNTP attached to a line item (material ) in a
billing document.
Screen : 14
Now in order to see the GL account determined by the system, go
to Transaction Code VF03 > Environment > Acc. Determ.
analysis > Revenue Accounts
This shows the Account determination procedure, condition types,
combination of various parameters in a VKOA table and the GL
account determined.
Screen : 15
The above Screen shows that the in the last combination, system
has identified the GL account to be posted in this billing
document.
Here we can refer Screen 5 which established a relationship
between a Billing document type F2 with Account Determination
Procedure Z00100. Further refer Screen 7 which established a
relationship between Account Determination Procedure Z00100 and
condition type Z001. Screen displayed the Access sequence Z001
which would be followed at the time of selection of condition type
Z001.
Screen 10 displays steps and number of VKOA table which would be
accessed in Access
Sequence Z001. In Screen 10, Step 35, table 701 (Combination
Bill Type, Material Group, Account Key) is highlighted.
Screen 15, displays that the system has identified the GL
account only in step 35 and from table 701.
Screen 12 displays VKOA Table No. 701 in which highlighted
combination of condition type Z001, Chart of Account WWCA, Billing
Type F2, Account Assignment Group 01, Account Key ERL is attached
to GL account code 30000000.
In this way the system identifies the revenue account to be
posted at the time of billing. The Account entry passed by the
system in the above billing document appears as below:
Screen : 16Pricing Procedure
Condition Type
Pricing Procedure
Account Key
Account Key
Condition Type
Account Determination Procedure
Billing Type
Account Determination Procedure
Condition Type
Account Determination Procedure
Access Sequence
Condition Type
Access Sequence
VKOA Table
Fields in a VKOA Table
VKOA Table
VKOA
Table
Step 1: Pricing Conditions
Step 2: Account Key
Step 3:
Bill. Type and Acct Deter. Procedure (ADP)
ADP & Acct Condit. Type (ACT)
Step 4:
ACT & Access Sequence
Access sequence
GL Accounts
Account Key
Account Assignment Grp
Billing Type
Condition Types
Chart of Accounts
Billing Document Type
Pricing Procedure
Pricing Conditions
Steps as per the Access Sequence
To see VKOA table No. Press View
Condition Type
In this combination the system has identified the GL account
code 30000000
Various Combinations of parameters in VKOA tables
Account Determination Procedure
