ISBN 978-1-4715-3303-7

CLIL READERSCLIL READERS

Level 1300 headwords

Level 2450 headwords

Level 3600 headwords

Level 4800 headwords

Level 51,000 headwords

Level 61,200 headwords

Level 5 The age of the DIN

OSA

URS Jenny D

ooley –V

irginia Evans

Explore our World CLIL Readers are graded readersfrom levels 1-6. They cover a range of subjects andthemes, promoting Content and Language IntegratedLearning (CLIL).

The Age of the Dinosaurs (History) goes back intime to look at some of the most amazing animalsever to walk the Earth!• How long did dinosaurs inhabit our planet?• Which dinosaur was one of the fiercest predatorsever?

• Which other strange creatures lived alongside thedinosaurs?

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LET’S START! .................................. 2

1 – WHAT ARE DINOSAURS? .......... 4

2 – THE MESOZOIC ERA ................. 8

3 – THE JURASSIC PERIOD ........... 12

4 – JURASSIC CARNIVORES ANDHERBIVORES ........................... 16

5 – THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD ...... 20

6 – THE KING OF THE DINOSAURS ... 24

7 – CREATURES OF THE AIR AND SEA ................................. 28

8 – THE END OF THE DINOSAURS ... 32

READ MORE

The Loch Ness Monster .................... 36

Mokèlé-mbèmbé .............................. 38

ACTIVITIES .................................... 40

AFTER-READING PORTFOLIO ........ 58

REVIEW ......................................... 60

WORD BANK ................................. 62

Contents

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Pteranodon

African elephant

Blue whale

A long time ago, greatcreatures walked the Earth:probably the coolestcreatures of all! They werethe dinosaurs – strange andamazing animals of alldifferent types, from giantsto chicken-sized!

LET’S START!

Tyrannosaurus rex

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Dreadnoughtus schrani

Human being

Compsognathus

Many years later, we are still trying tosolve the mysteries and answer thequestions we have about dinosaurs. Whendid they f irst appear? What did they looklike? Why did they disappear? What is thebiggest dinosaur ever discovered?

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WHAT ARE DINOSAURS?­­­­­­­­The­word­dinosaur means­‘terrible lizard’.The­first­dinosaurs­started­to­appear­on­Earth­about230­million­years­ago.­

Over­time­– millions­of­years­– some­dinosaursbecame­bigger­than­any­animal­on­Earth­before.They­were­much­bigger­than­any­land­mammals­onour­planet­today!

Stegosaurus

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Some­dinosaurs­were­herbivores­and­ate­only­plants.­Other­dinosaurs,­likeTyrannosaurus­rex,­were­carnivores.­They­ate­meat.­They­even­ate­other­dinosaurs!­

Most­dinosaurs­were­very­big.­Some­dinosaurs­were­more­than­12­metres­tall.­Thatis­as­tall­as­six­gorillas­standing­on­top­of­one­another!­But­not­all­dinosaurs­weregiants.­There­were­also­some­smaller­dinosaurs.­For­example,­Compsognathus­wasonly­the­size­of­a­chicken.­Dinosaurs­gave­birth­to­their­young­by­laying­eggs.­Therewere­a­lot­of­different­kinds­of­dinosaurs,­from­giant­plant-eaters­that­walked­onfour­legs­to­fast,­scary­meat-eaters­that­ran­on­two­legs.­

No­one­knows­exactly­what­kind­of­noises­dinosaurs­made­or­what­colourthey­were.­There­are­still­manymysteries­because­all­of­theinformation­we­have­comesfrom­ancient­footprints­andbones.­These­are­calledfossils.

Allosaurus

Compsognathus

Velociraptor

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The­word­fossil is­from­the­Latin­word­fossilis.­It­means­‘dug­up’.­A­fossil­is­an­ancient­dead­animal­or­plant­—­or­something­left­by­them.­There­are­twotypes­of­fossils:­body­and­trace­fossils.­Body fossils are­fossils­where­a­part­ofthe­organism’s­(plant­or­animal)­body­remains­as­part­of­the­fossil.­This­mightbe­a­tooth­or­a­piece­of­bone.­Trace fossils on­the­other­hand,­are­fossilswhere­there­isn't­any­actual­part­of­the­original­organism,­but­traces­of­theorganism­are­still­in­the­rock.­People­usually­find­fossils­in­mud­or­sand­thatturned­into­rock­over­time.­

There­are­fossils­on­every­continent­of­the­world.­Every­day,­someone­findssome­new­and­exciting­information­about­dinosaurs­from­the­fossils­theydiscover.­You­can­see­some­of­the­fossils­and­skeletons­of­dinosaurs­inmuseums­all­around­the­world,­from­Canada­to­Australia.

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What exactly are fossils?

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What is a Paleontologist?Paleontologists are­scientiststhat­study­prehistoric­life­bystudying­fossils.­

They­use­the­fossils­to­try­to­puttogether­what­the­dinosaurslooked­like­and­how­they­lived.It­is­not­an­easy­thing­to­do.Most­of­the­time­it­is­likeputting­the­pieces­of­a­jigsawpuzzle­together,­with­many­ofthe­pieces­missing.

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Shells, teeth and bones aremore likely to become fossilsbecause they are very hard!

Activities p.40 Go to

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The Loch Ness Monster

The­world­first­heard­about­the­Loch­Ness­Monster,­or­Nessie,­in­1933.­LochNess­is­a­huge­lake­in­Scotland.­It­is­about­37­kilometres­long­and­230­metresdeep.­There­is­more­water­in­Loch­Ness­than­in­all­the­lakes­in­England­andWales­together!­

Not­many­people­lived­in­the­area­around­Loch­Ness.­In­early­1933,­they­builta­road­along­the­lake.­This­brought­more­tourists­to­the­area.­Soon,­peoplebegan­to­talk­about­a­creature­in­the­lake!

One­day,­George­Spicer­was­near­the­lake­in­his­car­with­his­wife.­Suddenlythey­saw­a­huge­creature­cross­the­road­in­front­of­them.­George­Spicer­said­it­looked­like­a­big­dragon,­and­it­was­carrying­a­small­animal­in­its­mouth.The­creature­then­disappeared,­probably­into­the­deep­water­of­the­lake.

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Then,­in­1963,­someone­filmed­the­creature,­but­it­was­about­four­kilometresaway.­It­was­difficult­to­see­exactly­what­was­in­the­water.­Since­then,­therehave­been­many­sightings­of­Nessie­as­well­as­photos­and­videos.­Scientists,too,­have­visited­the­lake,­but­still­no­one­knows­what­exactly­is­down­there.

Most­people­describe­the­creature­as­6­to­9­metres­long­with­a­long­neckand­a­small­head.­Some­people­say­it­is­a­plesiosaur­from­the­days­of­thedinosaurs.­They­believe­that­some­of­them­survived­and­that­they­live­in­thelake.­Because­the­lake­is­so­big,­it­is­easy­for­them­to­hide!­Other­people­saythat­all­the­photos­and­videos­are­not­of­a­monster­at­all,­but­just­a­piece­ofwood,­or­another­animal,­such­as­a­seal.

Yet,­today,­hundreds­of­people­visit­Loch­Ness,­hoping­to­get­a­look­at­one­ofthe­most­mysterious­creatures­in­the­world!

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1 An animal that doesn’teat meat.

2 A scientist who studiesfossils.

7 When birds are havingbabies, they … eggs.

8 This type of animal givesbirth to live young.

1

40

1 Read and complete the crossword puzzle.

1

2

3

4

5

6

9

10

11

8

7

WHAT ARE DINOSAURS?

Across

2 The time before recorded history.3 The hard covering on an animal.4 Something that’s very, very old.5 You can find fossils on every … of

the world.6 An animal that eats only meat.9 Something that frightens you is … .10 A mixture of soil and water.11 This word comes from the

Latin word for ‘dug up’.

Down

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2 Make sentences. Then choose True or False.

3 Read and answer the questions.

1 appeared/Earth/million/Dinosaurs/ago./230/on/years .................................................................................................................................. True False

2 were/dinosaurs/carnivores./All .................................................................................................................................. True False

3 giant/Compsognathus/a/dinosaur./was .................................................................................................................................. True False

4 live/gave/to/Dinosaurs/birth/young. .................................................................................................................................. True False

5 legs./of/All/had/kinds/four/dinosaurs .................................................................................................................................. True False

6 dinosaurs/from/Information/fossils./comes/about .................................................................................................................................. True False

7 usually/rocks./fossils/in/find/People .................................................................................................................................. True False

8 study/called/are/paleontologists./life/Scientists/that/prehistoric.................................................................................................................................. True False

1 What does the word dinosaur mean?..................................................................................................................................................

2 What size were some of the smallerdinosaurs?..................................................................................................................................................

3 How did dinosaurs give birth to theiryoung?..................................................................................................................................................

4 How many types of fossils are there?..................................................................................................................................................

5 What parts of the body are morelikely to become fossils? Why?...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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• The Loch Ness Monster• Mokèlé-mbèmbé

1 Read and write the words.

2 Read and circle the correct words.

• smooth

• exist

• cross

• vegetarian

• sighting

•wild

• proof

• flow

1 to go from one side to the other .................................2 seeing something, especially something unusual .................................3 evidence that something is true .................................4 having an even surface .................................5 the movement of water .................................6 not lived in .................................7 to live .................................8 a person who doesn’t eat meat .................................

A Loch Ness Monster story?...........................................................................................................................

B Mokèlé-mbèmbé story? ...........................................................................................................................

1 Loch Ness is a huge river / lake.2 Some people believe that Nessie

is a seal / crocodile.3 The Congo River basin / road is a

very large area.4 Mokèlé-mbèmbé lives in the caves /ocean.

5 Loch Ness is in Wales / Scotland.6 The first Mokèlé-mbèmbé story

comes from 1933 / 1776.7 Nessie hides in the deep / wide

water of the lake.8 Mokèlé-mbèmbé is about the size

of a(n) crocodile / elephant.

• Which of the words from Ex. 1 appear in the ...

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5 OVER TO YOU: Find information about another legendary creatureand complete the spidergram.

NAME............................................................

ITS NAMEMEANS

.................................

.................................

SIGHTINGS............................................................

IT LIVES............................................................

IT LOOKS LIKE............................................................

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3 Read and match.

4 Make sentences.

People believe that ...1 it is grey with a smooth skin.2 it is a plesiosaur.3 it is like a sauropod.4 it eats plants and vegetables.5 it is six to nine metres long.6 it looks like a big dragon.7 it attacks small boats.8 it’s got a tail like a crocodile.9 it’s got a long neck and a small head.10 it’s got three claws.

B

1 large/saw/man/very/A/footprints.........................................................................

2 animal/was/Nessie/in/a/mouth./small/its/carrying........................................................................

3 the/visited/lot/scientists/have/A/of/lake.........................................................................

4 the/Dinosaurs./of/from/comes/Age/It/the........................................................................

5 1963./creature/Someone/the/in/filmed........................................................................

6 Mokèlé-mbèmbé./Many/look/to/have/for/gone/hunters........................................................................

A Loch Ness Monster

Mokèlé-mbèmbé

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A1 Look at the information and complete your report.

1 Ankylosaurus

2 Brachiosaurus

3 Eoraptor

Fossil number 1 is a(n) ........................... skeleton. It is from the ....................................... Period and it is about .......................................................................................................................... years old.Fossil number 2 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Fossil number 3 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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1 Do the quiz.

Dinosaur

• Prepare your own Dinosaur Quiz.

1 What does the word ‘dinosaur’ mean?A terror lizard B terrible lizardC terrific lizard

2 Dinosaurs that ate only plants arecalled ....... .A carnivores B herbivoresC omnivores

3 No one knows what ...... dinosaurs were.A height B weight C colour

4 The word ‘fossil’ means ....... .A dug up B hold up C get up

5 A scientist who studies prehistoric lifeis a ....... .A physicist B paleontologistC psychologist

6 The period of the dinosaurs is called....... .A The Mesozoic Era B The Ice AgeC The Middle Ages

7 Earth used to be one large landmasscalled ....... .A Pandora B PanoramaC Pangaea

8 The first dinosaurs appeared in the....... .A Jurassic Period B Triassic PeriodC Cretaceous Period

9 About how many new dinosaurs arediscovered every year?A 10 B 100 C 1,000

10 What is another name for a sauropod?A lizard-boned B lizard-hippedC lizard-legged

11 What colour did Stegosaurus’ platesturn when it was angry?A blue B red C yellow

12 Which of the following is an armoureddinosaur?A Ankylosaurus B AllosaurusC Troodon

13 What is the name of the T. rex skeletonin the Chicago Museum?A Sally B Sarah C Sue

14 For how many million years diddinosaurs exist?A 65 B 165 C 365

15 Where was Dreadnoughtus schranifound?A Mexico B Austria C Argentina

16 The extinction of the dinosaurs iscalled the ....... .A K-T event B T-K eventC A-Z event

17 What kind of creature do people thinkthe Loch Ness monster may be?A a Velociraptor B a PlesiosaurC a Pteranodon

18 Where do people catch sightings ofMokèlé-mbèmbé?A Asia B Africa C Australia

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WORD BANKLet’s Start!creature = living thing

cool = very good

chicken-sized = the same size

as a chicken

solve = to find an answer to a

problem

appear = to start to be seen

discover = to find something

for the first time

disappear = to no longer exist

1

lizard =

land = the part of the Earth

not covered by water

mammal = an animal that

gives birth to live young

herbivore = an animal that

only eats plants

carnivore = an animal that

only eats meat

lay eggs = to produce eggs

scary =

ancient = very old

footprints =

bone =

fossil =

dug up = taken out from

under the ground

trace = a small amount of

something

organism = a form of life such

as a plant or an animal

remain = to stay behind

mud =

continent = large land area of

the Earth, such as Africa

exciting = something that

makes you feel very

enthusiastic

information = news or

knowledge about something

skeleton =

paleontologist = a scientist

who studies fossils

scientist = a person who is an

expert in one of the

Sciences, e.g. Physics

prehistoric = the time before

recorded history

jigsaw puzzle =

shell =

likely = probable

hard = not easily broken

2

Mesozoic Era = a period in

history from 250 million years

ago to 65 million years ago

human = a man, a woman, or

a child

landmass = a large area of land

break into pieces = to

become smaller parts of

something big

slowly = not quickly

form = to take shape

timeline = a line showing the

time of events

divide = to make smaller parts

from a big part

evolve = to develop gradually

become extinct = to no

longer exist

worm =

long =

high =

huge = very big

covered in = having

something all over

plate =

armour =

bite =

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