1 | P a g e

Report

EXPERT SEMINAR “WATER ISSUES IN MEGACITIES” Vietnam National University HCM City – Institute for Environment and Resources

Ho Chi Minh City, March 03 – 10, 2013

Aims

The aim of the Expert Seminar is the transfer of interdisciplinary knowledge for water management, water treatment technologies in megacities and the professional, technical and methodological exchange between participants and research institutions, universities in several of countries. Modern management tools and techniques will be presented that are developed in running research projects in regions.

Scopes

• The problem of water and wastewater and their impact on the environment in megacities.

• Policies of water management

• Water management solutions for megacities.

• Cooperation between Southeast Asia countries on water research and management

• Climate change and the future of water for megacities.

Participants

There are 26 participants and invited speakers were accepted, however, only 24 participants and invited speakers were admitted. There are 1 participant and 1 invited pesker did not attend the Expert Seminar for some personal reasons. Two Vietnamese replaced participants were chosen by IER.

The participants almost are

- Environmental experts, employees in environment related company, post-doc researchers, senior research scientists

- MA/M.Sc. students and PhD students with an engineering and scientific knowledge on M.Sc./M.Eng. level

- Researcher, scientists and lecturer from research institutes and universities in Vietnam with an interest in water field.

- Representatives of local governments, DAAD, Vietnam National University.

Venue and Organization The Expert Seminar was in March 03 – 10, 2013 at the Vietnam National University - Institute for Environment and Resources 142 To Hien Thanh, Ward 13, District 10, HCM City, Vietnam

2 | P a g e

Organized by: Institute for Environment and Resources - HCM City-Vietnam

Abstract book cover

The Expert Seminar Program

March 03 and 10, 2013

Keynote Speeches and Invited Speeches

- Welcome remark from Prof. Dr. Do Hong Lan Chi - Representative of Vietnam National University; Opening ceremony from Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Phuoc Director of Institute for Environment and Resources; Key note speeches from Representative of DAAD HCM City – Mr Reimar Muller and Representative of Excced - Prof.Dr. Thomas Dockhorn for Exceed project introduction; Speech on Expert seminar introduction from Dr. Nguyen Thi Thanh Phuong - Institute for Environment and Resources.

- Presentations of Invited Speakers: Prof. Dr Yoon Jeyong, Prof. Dr. Jose Araruna, Dr. Tran Minh Chi; Prof. Dr. Thomas Dockhorn; Prof. Dr Ngo Huu Hao

3 | P a g e

Oral Presentation

26 oral presentation in five topics

- Introduction of Megacities and the challenges of governance - Water problems in Megacities - Water and wastewater treatment technologies in megacities - Water management solutions for megacities - Balancing the economy and the environment for sustainable development in

megacities

Group photo in March 04, 2013 – HCM

City Mr Reimar Muller - Representative of DAAD-

HCM City

Group photo in March 08, 2013 – Vung Tau

Province Prof. Dr. Thomas Dockhorn’s presentation

Participants’presentations

4 | P a g e

Excursion on water and wastewater treatment Plants

Water and wastewater treatment Plants in Vung Tau Province

Excursion on wastewater treatment Plants at Dong Xuan industrial zone

Group photo in water treatment Plants in Ba Ria_Vung Tau Province

Total and Distribution of Participants

Total persons attended the Expert Seminar was 60 participants. Total supported participants by Excced-DAAD were 26 persons consist of 1 from Bangladesh, 4 from Brazil, 2 from China, 1 from Ethiopia, 2 from Indonesia, 2 from Jordan, 1 from Kenya, 1 from Lao, 1 from Nepal, 1 from Republic of Turkey , 1 from Thai, 5 from Vietnam, 1 from Bukina Faso, 1 from German, 1 from Australia, and 1 from Korea.

Sponsor

EXCEED-DAAD of the Technishe Universitaet Braunschweig Germany.

RESUME OF THE EXPERT SEMINAR In the framework of the DAAD – EXCEED project, alignment the main topic of the year 2013 “water”, IER with the support of project organized the Expert Seminar with the subject of WATER ISSUES IN MEGACITIES.

5 | P a g e

Nearly two decades, half of humanity lives in cities, and 60 percent of the world's people will be urban dwellers. Urban growth is most rapid in the developing world, where cities gain an average of 5 million residents every month.

The rapid growth of the megacities in the developing world has posed major water planning and management changes. In 1994, among the 10 largest cities of the world, only 3 ones were in developed countries. By 2015, the latter number is expected to decline further to two.

According to Nguyen Hong Tien from the Ministry of Construction, by August 2011, Vietnam had had 755 urban areas with the urbanization rate of 31 percent which would rise to 50 percent by 2025. However, the high water loss level, which was 25 percent in 2011, would be a big challenge for the urbanization process in Vietnam.

The exploding urban population growth and economical activities creates unprecedented challenges to the water sector of cities. In which, two main problems affected the sustainability of human urban settlements are the lack of access to safe water and sanitation, and increasing water-related disasters such as floods and droughts. These problems have enormous consequences on human health and well-being, safety, the environment, economic growth and development.

This Expert Seminar consists of Asia, Europe, America, Australia, Africa, the Mediterranean region. Each country, each region has its own characteristics with different challenges need to be addressed. From developed countries to developing countries, the issues of water pollution, exploitation and management of water resources are particularly interested.

Adequate and reliable water resources are essential to the sustainable development of Megacities. Around the world, water managers, engineers, scientists and policy makers are working together to develop and implement solutions to address water issues facing Megacities.

The aims of the Expert Seminar are

1. Present new findings in and approaches to integrated water resources management and urban hydrology;

2. Promote communications among scientists, engineers, managers, stakeholders, and policy- and decision-makers on water resources management challenges and solutions;

3. Share real-world experiences in addressing water management challenges under changing conditions; and

4. Present management applications and guidelines to address water issues in urban environments.

5. Transfer of interdisciplinary knowledge on water management, water treatment technologies in megacities and the professional, exchange technical and methodological between participants and research institutions, universities in several of countries. Modern management tools and techniques will be presented that are developed in running research projects in regions.

6 | P a g e

We have focused on five topics, including:

1. Introduction of Megacities and the challenges of governance, with chairman is Pro. Yoon Jeyong from Seoul university, Korea as well as 5 presentations of Wang Hongtao, Burak Şen, Nguyen Hong Quan, Parajuli Kshitij, Le Van Khoa focused on challenges of water and wastewater treatment in Africa; challenges of governance on climate change in Adana province as well as challenges and solution not only in Nhieu Loc – Thi Nghe canal, Ho Chi Minh City – Vietnam but also in Asia (detail abstracts in appendix abstract)

2. Water problems in Megacities, with chairman is prof. Jose Arauna from Brazil. The presentation focused on Groundwater Monitoring as well as 5 presentations of Saldanha Vogelmann Eduardo, Tiruneh Gizachew, Alsarayreh Ahmad, Dao Thanh Son, Chaiwongsar Suraphon with the main topics of the role of the soil in water protection; physicochemical characteristics of water quality and sediment on Angereb reservoir, Ethiopia; Solar Water Collectors Impact on Water Consumption and Losses: A case study of Jordan; toxic cyanobacteria; air and surface water pollution (detail abstracts in appendix abstract)

3. Water and wastewater treatment technologies in megacities, with chairman is doctor Tran Minh Chi from HCM city, Viet Nam as well as 5 presentations of Da Silveira Neto José Wilmar, Da Silva Guilherme, Anwar Muslih, Nguyen Thi Thanh Phuong, Shikuku Victor Odhiambo focused on constructed wetlands technology for textile treament plant; anaerobic-aerobic combined system treating wastewater from a hospital area; Catalyst for Green Oxidation in Aerobic Aqueous Media Industrial wastewater treatment using hybrid technology; Effects of Zeolite X on dissipation kinetics of Methyl Iodide in water (detail abstracts in appendix abstract)

4. Water management solutions for megacities, with chairman is Prof. Thomas Dockhorn from Braushweig German as well as 5 presentations of Fakhruddin S H M, Ho Quoc Bang, Arinafril, Nguyen Hoang Anh, Bui Ta Long focused on Strategic Development Plan for Water Supply; Impact of climate change on hydropower in Daknong province, Viet Nam; integrated wastewater management in Indonesia; polluted river water treatment; river water quality management by modeling application (detail abstracts in appendix abstract)

5. Balancing the economy and the environment for sustainable development in megacities, with chairman is Pro. Ngo Huu Hao from Australia as well as 6 presentations of Al-Alawi Mutaz, Pheaxay Bae, Do Nhu Cuong, Nguyen Minh Tan, Pare Samuel, Tran Thi Hoa focused on Sustainable Water Demand Management by reusing greywater; Water Distribution Systems using Genetic Algorithms; Hardness Removal by Nano Filtration Membranes; heavy metal removal; Livelihood strategies and mangrove resources uses (detail abstracts in appendix abstract)

Expected Outputs

After Expert Seminar, participants will gain profound knowledge on:

7 | P a g e

1. Knowing the problem of water and wastewater and their impact on the environment in megacities.

2. Suggesting and applying some effective water management solutions for megacities in order to solve the problems.

3. Having opportunities to discuss, exchange and share experiences related to water problem and water treatment technologies not only in megacities but also all over the world.

4. Having experiences as taking a very interesting field trip in Ba Ria Vung Tau province where visiting the water supply system of the province and the waste water treatment plant of Dong Xuyen industrial zone as well as discovering Mekong river to know about one of the longest rivers and belong to several of countries through excursion.

5. Benefitting from this seminar in developing ways to address and avoid water crises when faced with changing climate, population growth and urbanization for both local and international participants.

To cope with the future problem of water not only in the Southeast Asia but also in Africa, South Amarica, Western Asia we propose:

- Raising awareness about reducing water consumption, law enforcement

- Controls, reuse and recycling of stormwater and wastewater,

- Cooporating water stewardship, economic incentives, payment for environmental services, and climate change adaptation.

- Applying the theory of "thinking globally and acting locally" in a specific condition or region by considering all management and development principles from efficient use of water to developing alternative sources of water supply

- Upgrading existing systems to become more effective systems.

- Integration of local and modern techniques to determine an appropriate technology. This is essential and highly recommended such as development of simple small-scale solar desalination systems in remote areas of developing countries having safe drinking water problems and plenty of solar insolation, etc…

- Management of water resources and development of water resources,

Conclusion

After 7 day expert seminar, the expert seminar ended successfully not only for quality of seminar but also for organization with the efforts all of participants and oganizers, especially the Excced-DAAD support.

It can be say that "Solving the water, energy and climate change for the world has to be a global priority.”

8 | P a g e

PROGRAM FOR THE EXPERT SEMINAR ON “WATER ISSUES IN MEGACITIES” 03 – 10 March 2013

Time Activity Speaker Topic Monday, 04 March 2013

9:00 – 9:15 Welcome remark Prof. Dr. Do Hong Lan Chi

Representative of Vietnam National University

Welcome remark to VNU

9:15 – 9:25 Opening ceremony Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Phuoc

Director of Institute for Environment and Resources

Opening speech

9:25 – 9:45 Key note 1 Representative of DAAD DAAD project introduction 9:45 – 10:05 Key note 2 Prof.Dr. Thomas Dockhorn Exceed project introduction

9:55 – 10:25 Tea break

10:25 – 10:40 Dr. Nguyen Thi Thanh Phuong Institute for Environment and

Resources

Expert seminar introduction on “WATER ISSUES IN MEGACITIES”

10:40 – 11:15 Presentation topic 1 Prof. Dr Yoon Jeyong Introduction of Megacities and the challenges of governance 11:15 – 11:45 Discussion 11:45 – 13:30 Lunch time

Topic 1 “Introduction of Megacities and the challenges of governance” Moderater: Prof. Dr Yoon Jeyong

13:30 – 13:50 Presentation Wang Hongtao Water and wastewater treatment in Africa: current practices and challenges 13:50 – 14:10 Presentation Burak Şen The Effect Of Clımate Change On Water Scarcıty In Adana Provınce 14:10 – 14:30 Presentation Nguyen Hong Quan Challenges on water management in Ho Chi Minh City

14:30 – 14:50 Presentation Parajuli Kshitij Water Issues in Megacities: Challenges and Solutions 14:50 – 15: 10 Presentation Le Van Khoa People ‘s awareness on Nhieu Loc-Thi Nghe channel improvement project

9 | P a g e

15:10 – 15:30 Tea break 15:30 – 16:00 Discussion

19:00 – 21:00 Welcome dinner

Tuesday, 05 March 2013 Topic 2 “ Water problems in Megacities”

Moderater: Prof. Jose Arauna

8:30 – 9:15 Presentation topic 2 Prof. Dr. Jose Araruna Groundwater Monitoring in Megacities 9:15 – 9:35 Presentation Saldanha Vogelmann Eduardo The role of the soil in water protection 9:35 – 10:00 Discussion

10:00 – 10:20 Tea break

10:20 – 10:35 Presentation Tiruneh Gizachew Assessment of physicochemical characteristics of water quality and sediment on Angereb reservoir, Ethiopia

10:35 – 10:50 Presentation Alsarayreh Ahmad Solar Water Collectors Impact on Water Consumption and Losses: A case study of Jordan

10:50 – 11:05 Presentation Dao Thanh Son Toxic cyanobacteria, their toxins and their Health Risk to residents in Megacity

11:05 – 11:20 Presentation Chaiwongsar Suraphon City Transformation in Lampang: air and surface water pollution 11:20 – 11:45 Presentation Discussion 11:45 – 13:30 Lunch time

Topic 3 “ Water and wastewater treatment technologies in megacities”

Moderater: Dr. Tran Minh Chi 13:30 – 14:15 Presentation topic 3 Dr. Tran Minh Chi 14:15 – 14:30 Discussion

14:30 – 14:50 Tea break

14:50 – 15:10 Presentation Da Silveira Neto José WIlmar Technical viability of treating the final effluent of treatment plant of textile factories with aquatic halophytic forages in constructed wetlands and using it

10 | P a g e

to irrigate halophytic forages

15:10 – 15:30 Presentation Da Silva Guilherme Microfauna characterization of an anaerobic-aerobic combined system

treating wastewater from a hospital area and its relation to physical, chemical parameters and ecotoxicological essays

15:30 – 15:50 Presentation Anwar Muslih Chitosan-stabilized Bimetallic Au-Ag Nanoclusters Prepared by Grounding

in the Solid Phase Method as Catalyst for Green Oxidation in Aerobic Aqueous Media

15:50 – 16:10 Presentation Nguyen Thi Thanh Phuong Industrial wastewater treatment using hybrid technology 16:10 – 16:30 Presentation Shikuku Victor Odhiambo Effects of Zeolite X on dissipation kinetics of Methyl Iodide in water 16:30 – 17:00 Discussion

Wednesday, 06 March 2013

Morning Field trip: water treatment Plants

Arrival Vung Tau 12:00 – 13:30 Lunch time

Afternoon 14:00 – 16:00

Discussion and working group on Water treatment Plants

Thursday, 07 March 2013

Topic 4 “ Water management solutions for megacities”

Moderater: Prof.Dr. Thomas Dockhorn

8:30 – 9:15 Presentation topic 4 Thomas Dockhorn 9:15 – 9:45 Discussion 9:45 – 10:15 Tea break

10:15 – 10:35 Presentation Fakhruddin S H M Strategic Development Plan for Water Supply in Megacity Dhaka 10:35 – 10:55 Presentation Mohamed Hatem Kamel Leakage detection in a water pipe distribution networks 10:55– 11:15 Presentation Ho Quoc Bang Impact of climate change on hydropower in Daknong province, Viet Nam 11:15 – 11:45 Discussion

11 | P a g e

11:45 – 13:30 Lunch time

13:30 – 13:50 Presentation Arinafril Water and wastewater in megacities:

Indonesia’s experience in applying integrated wastewater management

13:50 – 14:10 Presentation Nguyen Hoang Anh Applying vegetable in polluted river water treatment 14:10 – 14:30 Presentation Bui Ta Long modeling application in river water quality management

14-30 – 15:00 Dicussion 15:00 – 15:20 Tea break

Topic 5: “ Balancing the economy and the environment for sustainable development in megacities”

Moderater: Prof. Dr Ngo Huu Hao

15:20 – 16:10 Presentation topic 5 Prof. Dr Ngo Huu Hao 16:10 – 16:30 Dicussion

Friday, 08 March 2013

8:30 – 8:50 Presentation Al-Alawi Mutaz Greywater Reuse for Sustainable Water Demand Management for Megacities

8:50 – 9:10 Presentation Pheaxay Bae Utilization of Rice field Ecosystem in Laos

Case study: Vientiane Capital city and Vientiane Province

9:10 – 9:30 Presentation Do Nhu Cuong Optimize Pumping Energy in Water Distribution Systems using Genetic Algorithms

9:30– 9:50 Presentation Nguyen Minh Tan Characterization of Nano Filtration Membranes

for Hardness Removal

9:50 – 10:10 Tea break

10:10 – 10:30 Presentation Pare Samuel

Cost effective wastewater heavy metal removal agents and methods using local material. Application to chromium(III), copper(II) and lead(II)

Removal from aqueous solution by two natural mixed clays from Burkina Faso

10:30 – 10:45 Presentation Tran Thi Hoa Livelihood strategies and mangrove resources uses in Xuan Thuy national park, Nam Dinh province, Vietnam

12 | P a g e

10:45 – 11:15 Discussion and working group 11:15 – 11:30 Closing remark Prof.Dr. Nguyen Van Phuoc 11:30 – 13:30 Lunch time

Afternoon Return to HCMC Saturday, 09 March 2013 : Excursion tour