Experiment 1 1

7/31/2019 Experiment 1 1

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Introduction to Basic Hydraulics

Experiment 1-1


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How to Use this Workbook

The workbook is broken down into 3 Units

and 19 experiments, each experiment

having one or more parts.

Each experiment has objectives that should

be read prior to reading and performing the

experiment.

At the end of each experiment section there

will be questions in the section called check

out activities and these should be

completed following the experiment.


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How to Perform the Experiments

Students will work in groups of 2 or 3.

Each person in each group should take turns in

reading directions, building circuits, and recording

information as the experiment proceeds.

Prior to performing the experiment, each student

should read the background information section,

including the objectives, and read through the

experiment to be familiar with it which will ensure

success.


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Introduction to Basic Hydraulics

Objectives

1. Describe the operation of a basic hydraulic system

2. Explain where and why Hydraulics is used in industry.

3. Describe the operation of components used in a basic hydraulic

system.


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Fluid power is the engineering science and technology thatdeal with the generation of, control, and transmission of

energy through the use of pressurized fluids. Fluid power is

quite literally the brute force behind industry because it is

used to push, pull, drive, and regulate virtually all machinesused in industry. Fluid power is used in the steering, brake

system, and automatic transmissions of cars and trucks. In

addition to the automotive industry, fluid power is used to

control airplanes and spacecraft, harvest crops, mine coal,

drive machine tools, and process food. Since fluids exist as

either a liquid or a gas, fluid power is a term used to describe

both hydraulics and pneumatics.

What is Fluid Power?


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Advantages of Fluid Power

1. Very Accurate.

2. Power

3. Cost effective.

4. Multi-Speed Capable

5. Multi-Motion Capable

6. Unlimited Conductive Geometry

7. Can be stalled out

8. Compact


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Basic Hydraulic System


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Basic Hydraulic System

1. Reservoir

2. Pump

3. Electric Motor (prime mover)

4. Valves

5. Conductors (pipe, tubing, and hose)

6. Actuators


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Basic Pneumatic System

1. Receiver

2. Compressor

3. Electric Motor (prime mover)

4. Valves

5. Conductors (pipe, tubing, and hose)

6. Actuators


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Schematic Symbols


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Check Out Activities

1. What are the two types of fluid power systems?

2. How is energy transmitted in a fluid power system?

4. What does a hydraulic system do? (What is its purpose?)

3. Name the most common form of energy generated (used) by

power plants. Why?

5. Name two advantages a hydraulic system has when compared to a

pneumatic system.

6. Name six advantages a hydraulic system has when compared to an

electric system.


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7. Which method or methods of control would you consider best

for the following machine applications? (Hydraulic, Pneumatic,Electric)

A. Machine Press generating _______________

B. 40,000 RPM drill used in dentists _______________

C. Constant speed conveyor. _______________

D. Operating airplane steering. _______________


8. Name two kinds of hydraulic actuators and describe the type ofmotion each produces.

9. What type of device is most often used in an industrial application

to drive the pump of a hydraulic system?


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10. Maximum fluid pressure is one of three quantities controlled in

a hydraulic system. A relief valve is used to do this. Name two

other quantities that are controlled in a hydraulic system and the

device that controls each.


11. What do you think would happen to the hydraulic system if the

cylinder or motor encountered a load it could not move? Would this

be harmful?

12. What component holds excess oil?

13. What interconnects the components in a hydraulic system?

14. How is electrical power converted into hydraulic power?

15. Describe the operation of a basic hydraulic system.

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Experiment 1 1