Expansionismrapid settlement & economic development of the West

Expansionismrapid settlement & economic development of the West

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War Against MexicoThe War Against Mexico Westward ExpansionismWestward Expansionism

Expanding Settlement, 1810-1850

EXPANSIONISM The Advance to the Mississippi

– Harrison Land Act of 1800• Federal Land sales • New States - Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois

Alabama, Missouri• 160 acres for .50 cents an acre• 4 yrs to pay at 1.50 per acre

– Great Plantations appeared in Alabama and Mississippi

• Planters from Virginia, the Carolinas & Georgia moved inland

EXPANSIONISM

The Advance to the Mississippi– Indian Removal East of the Mississippi

• The Trail of Tears– John C. Calhoun, Monroe's Secretary of

War established a resettlement policy of Indians beyond Missouri Rivers

• by 1830's completed– William Henry Harrison destroyed Indian

power in Northwest.– Andrew Jackson crushed the Creeks &

Cherokees of the Southwest

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War with MexicoThe War with Mexico Westward ExpansionismWestward Expansionism

EXPANSIONISM

Manifest Destiny

"Our manifest destiny (is) to overspread thecontinent allotted by Providence for the freedevelopment of our yearly multiplying millions."

John O' Sullivan"Democratic Review”

1845Zinn pg. 152

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War Against MexicoThe War Against Mexico Westward ExpansionismWestward Expansionism

EXPANSIONISM

Texas Independence

– American Immigration to TexasAmerican Immigration to Texas– Independence DeclaredIndependence Declared– Battle of the AlamoBattle of the Alamo– Lone Star Republic 1836

Sam Houston (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM

Texas Annexation 1845

– The Democrats and Expansion• Polk Elected

– U.S. agrees to annex Texas 1845– Texas /Mexico Border Dispute

• U.S. states Rio Grande River• Mexico claims Nueces River

– Mexican order to prohibit U.S.immigration to CA

• Bear Flag Revolt 1845

James K. Polk (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War Against MexicoThe War Against Mexico Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion

EXPANSIONISM

The War Against Mexico 1846-1848– War and Expansionism– Zachary Taylor advances from Nueces to Rio Grande

• 11 Americans killed by Mexicans on 3/8/46– U.S. declared war

• 1700 Americans died, 4000 Mexicans, • most die from disease

– Zinn p.162– Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo July 4, 1848

• Texas, CA & New Mexico & 1 million sq. miles become a part of the United States

• U.S. paid $15 million

EXPANSIONISM

The Mexican War, 1846-1848

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War Against MexicoThe War Against Mexico Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion – Early Explorers

• Lewis & Clark• Zeb Pike

– Trappers• Hudson Bay Co.• American Fur Co.• Rocky Mt. Fur Co.

– Mountain Men• Jed Smith• Josiah Walker

– Surveyors/Scouts• John C. Fremont

Western Trails

1820-1840’s

EXPANSIONISM

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion– The Mormons 1830-1851 – Early Settlers/ Conestoga Wagons

• 1840’s to Oregon & CA– Applegates, Lassens, Bidwells, Bartlesons, Donner Party

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion– Oregon TerritoryOregon Territory

• ““Joint Occupation” Joint Occupation” 

– The Westward MigrationThe Westward Migration• The Oregon Trail The Oregon Trail • Growing American Growing American

SettlementsSettlements

The Oregon Boundary, 1846

The Oregon Boundary, 1846

Compromise over OregonCompromise over Oregon

“54’ 40” or Fight!”

Britain relinquished all territorial claims 1846

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion– Gold Discovery in California 1848

– In 1849 30,000 would be miners set In 1849 30,000 would be miners set out overland from Missouri to CAout overland from Missouri to CA

– Another 25,000 made it by seaAnother 25,000 made it by sea– Few became rich, but the hundreds Few became rich, but the hundreds

of thousands pushed CA of thousands pushed CA

towards statehoodtowards statehood

The Gold Rush

The Mother Lode

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion

– Gadsden Purchase• bought from Mexico for 10 mill. 1853

– Mail routes/Pony Express 1860-1861

– Transcontinental Railroad 1869

EXPANSIONISM

EXPANSIONISM

Westward Expansion – Early Explorers – Trappers– Mountain Men– Westward Migration

• Early Settlers• Conestoga Wagon Trains• Mormon Settlement• Oregon Territory

– Gold Discoveries– Mail routes/Pony Express– Transcontinental Railroad

EXPANSIONISM

Advance to the MississippiAdvance to the Mississippi Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny Texas Independence and AnnexationTexas Independence and Annexation The War Against MexicoThe War Against Mexico Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion

Expansionismrapid settlement & economic development of the West

Expansionismrapid settlement & economic development of the West