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“Exceptionally Plane People”
WACO, a Legacy of Excellence
http://www.wacoaircraft.com/assets/PDFs/Magazine-and-News-Articles/PilotMagWacoJuly-Aug09.pdf
That “Waco Smile”
Pilot: Bob DobryAircraft: YMF (Jacobs 755-A2)
1920 – Founded under the name “Weaver Aircraft Company(after George Weaver) in Lorain, OH
• Used initials W-A-C-O (pronounced “Wah-co”) to identify new aircraft design
1923 – name changed to “Advance Aircraft Company (aircraft still called “Waco”)
1929 - name changed to “Waco Aircraft Company”
From 1920-47 built nearly 4,000 Waco aircraft
Over 80 variants produced; more than 700 still exist
Estimated 300 in flyable condition
Founders of WACO
1896-19771896-19261895-1924
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, by Fred O. Kobernuss
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
“Baby” Flying Boat - 1918
DBJ Flying Boat
DBJ “Scout” (C. Brukner in cockpit)
Harold Deuther
Clayton J. Brukner Elwood J. JunkinCirca 1923
Clayton BruknerCirca 1976
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1896-1977
• Brukner Nature Center• “Lickity Log Splitter”
From the outset, founders’ goal was to design an exceptional aircraft that would be reliable, structurally sound, perform well and was affordable
They never strayed from this goal throughout production of the Waco aircraft
Waco airplanes were easy to maneuver and offered an exceptionally stable flight experience, making it the perfect plane for passenger rides, air performances, and basic pilot training
1919/20 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1927 1930 1931 1937-42
Cootie/CootieBiplane
Mod. 4 Mod. 5 Mod. 6& 7
Mod. 8 Mod. 9 Mod. 10 Mod. F Mod. C Intro. ofCabinWaco
Cabin & UPF-7600 built)
Timeline for Waco Production
2 1 3 4/16 1 276 1,200 -1,300
2,400 -2,500
Lorain Medina Troy
•
•
Ohio – 1920’s
Lorain
Medina
Troy
Wikipedia.com
1922
1923
• Dayton (McCook Field)
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
First Waco Aircraft“Cootie”
1920
First Waco crash…
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
“Cootie” Replica in the Waco Museum, Troy, Ohio
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
1920 - Waco “Cootie” Biplane
George “Buck” Weaver
Charles “Pop” Dickinson:• Philanthropist• Early backer of
aviation events & fliers• President of Aero Club of
Illinois
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
1858-1935
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
1921 Waco Model 4
Double Bay Wing
Single Bay Wing
Waco Aileron Controls
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
1922 Waco Model 5
Howard Calvert & Wife, Elvira
Displayed at First Detroit Aviation Exposition – Apr. 19, 1922
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol. 1, by Fred O. Kobernuss
First “Advance Aircraft Co.” Manufacturing Plant in Troy
1923 Waco Model 6 (4 built)Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1923 Waco Model 7 (16 built)
Introduced the Aeromarine 2A Wing
1924 Waco Model 8
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
At 1924 National Air RacesPilot: Clayton Brukner
Events of 1924-25:
• George Weaver died in July 1924 of blood poisoning from a blister on his foot
• George’s brother-in-law, Charles Meyers, hired to be Waco Chief Test Pilot
• Curtiss “Scare” – Nov. 1924
• Late 1925 – Sam married Hattie Weaver (George’s widow)
Charles W. Meyers1898-1972
Airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact (NASM)
1925 Waco Model 9
Waco 9 Improvements:• Fuselage: welded steel tube• “Mass production” to meet customer demand (1 plane per day)• Relocated radiator
Note: Waco 9 in photo donated to NASM by Clayton Brukner in 1972
Ad placed in Aero Digest for Waco 9
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol 2, by Fred O. Kobernuss
Note: Sept. 28, 1925 Waco 9 wasat first annual “Commercial AirplaneReliability Tour “ for the FordTouring Trophy - Lloyd Yost, Waco dealer, finished with a perfect score
1925 – First “Mating” of EDO Floats to a Waco 9
Waco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol 2, by Fred O. Kobernuss
Trying Events of 1926:
• Air Commerce Act became law:• Concern that only military aircraft manufacturers
would meet government standards• Waco owners’ plea to Feds re: structural integrity of
Waco aircraft prevailed; surpassed gov’t. tests
• November 1, 1926 – Sam Junkin died from heart attack (had rheumatic fever as a child); 10 days after his visiting father died; Hattie widowed again
• Ed Green (designer & stress analysis engineer for Warner-Swasey Co.) hired to take Sam’s place as lead designer
Hattie Meyers Weaver(1917-24)
and
Hattie Meyers Junkin(1925-26)
airandspace.si.edu/research/arch/findaids/junkin/hmj_print.html
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1927 Waco Model 10
“The Greatest Waco Ever Built”
Excerpt from “Waco Airplanes, Ask Any Pilot, Raymond H. Brandly, page 36 about the new Waco Model 10:
“The cowling was beautiful in both line, finish and detail; not hand-made, but pressed in a hydraulic press; easily detachable in units. The cockpits were exceptionally large and were as easily entered as any roadster. The seats were so shaped, inclined and cushioned so as to assure comfortable relaxation to both passengers and pilot. The windshields were efficient, and afforded real protection. Plane and motor controls were comfortably positioned…..The landing gear was distinctly in advance of the prevailing style….The shock absorbing mechanism was rubber-less and employed only two moving parts….The result was smoother, shorter landings without the use of brakes.”
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Ad for the Waco Model 10
Price: $2,385 - $2,460
Waco 10 Improvements:• Larger wingspan• More pilot/passenger comfort• Split-axle landing gear • Oleo hydraulic shock absorbers• More efficient ailerons (strut-linked)• Tailplane could be trimmed in flight• Wing spars & drift bracing stronger
Engines Used on the Waco 10 Variants
• Hisso (Hispano-Suisa) 150 hp V-8• Caminez 4 cyl 125 hp radial • Ryan Siemens (Siemens-Halske) 7 cyl 122 hp radial• Wright J-5 Whirlwind 9 cyl 220 hp• Wright R-760 225 hp • Wright R-975 300 hp• Packard DR 980 Diesel 225 hp• Kinner K-5 100 hp• Kinner C-5 210 hp• Continental A-70 165 hp• Continental W-670 240 hp• Jacobs LA-1 140 hp or 170 hp• Warner Scarab 110 hp
Waco 125 (Waco 10 with a Ryan Siemans 9 cyl, 122 hp)
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Waco 10 with Fairchild-Caminez 4 cyl. 125 hp engine
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
June 27 – July 12, 1927, four Waco 10’s entered the 3rd annual Commercial Airplane Reliability Tour • Three with J5 Wright engines finished 5th, 7th
and 9th
• Fourth, with a Hisso E 180hp engine, finished 12th
Charlie Meyers flew an OX-5 powered ‘10 from Long Island, NY to Spokane, WA finishing 28 minutes ahead of the nearest competitor
Change in Aircraft Designation System
• In 1927, with more variants of the Waco 10, new aircraft designation system required
• Three letter Designation:
o First letter: Engineo Second letter: Wing & Airframe Designo Third letter: Type of aircraft series
• e.g. ASO [A = Wright J5-9; S = Straightwing; O = Model 10
Waco 10 “Taperwing”
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Fred Lund“Fearless Freddie”
John Livingston and his ATO * “Sport Waco” NX7527
http://www.dmairfield.com/people/livingston_jh/index.html
* A = Wright J-5 Engine T = Taperwing O = Model 10
Took 1st place in 1928National Air Races (NY to LA; 2,939 mi.22hr 57min.)
John Paul Riddle
T. Higbee Embry
Waco Factory in Troy, Ohio - 1930
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Runway (open to public until 1965)
1930New Model “F” Waco
With Kinner B-5 engine
With Warner R-420 engineWaco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Changes from Waco 10:• NACA M-18 wing• Smaller airframe• 450 lbs. lighter• Lighter landing gear
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1930 Waco Primary Glider
1930 Waco Primary Glider
EAA 2001 Restoration
What frequently occurred
Airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact
National Waco Club.com
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1931 Model F-2 (QCF)
Improvements:• New “Clark Y” wing design• Corrugated aluminum ailerons• Newly designed landing gear • Exceptional climb-rate (Autogyro challenge)
Optional Speed Ring and Metal Prop For Model F-2
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Armed Waco “240” CSO - 1930
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
New Cabin Waco – Model C1931
Note staggered wings
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Interior of 1931 Cabin Waco Model C
nationalwacoclub.com/aalbum/slides/1933
1933 Waco Model PLA(Four built)
Note enclosed canopy
pilotfriend.com/aircraft/Waco/
1937 Waco UIC Standard Cabin
(450 Standard Cabin series built; 135 still registered in U.S.)
1936 Waco ZQC-6 Waco Custom Cabin (68 built)
Note “Sesquiplane” wing
“E” Series Waco “Aristocrat” (prod. 30 from 1939-42)
Waco Air Museum
Clayton Brukner
2500th Waco Airplane SoldJune 1935 YOC “Custom Cabin”
Joshua Crane Jr.Boston Waco Distributor
Hugh PerrySales Mgr.
1938 Waco AVN-8 “Trike”
edcoatescollection.com/ac3/Classics/Wacoavn8
Waco UPF-71937-1942
Historic Flight Foundation’sWaco UPF-7 (N32018)
historicflight.org
SNJ
1937 Waco JHD-6
365hp Wright R-975-E1
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
Wing-mounted Machine Gun on Waco JHD - 6
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
1942 Waco CG-3A Nine-man Trainer Glider(100 Built)
Role Military glider
Manufacturer Waco Aircraft Co.
First flight 1942
Primary users
United States Army Air ForceRoyal Canadian Air ForceUnited States Navy
Number built >13,903
1945 Waco CG-13
• Designed to carry 30 personnel• 135 Built (Ford and Northwestern Aeronautical)• None used in combat ; only as transports
Wind tunnel model of the YC-62 “Caravan”Circa 1942
Wikipedia.com
Post-War Waco XPG-1 Prototype(Built by Northwestern Aeronautical Corp.)
(CG-4A converted with two Franklin 6AC-298-N3 engines)
http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=siris_arc_288044
Note port engine
http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/Shumaker/10598.htm
1947 Waco Model W “Aristocraft”
Four Seat Executive Transport
(Final aircraft design of the Waco Aircraft Co.)
Waco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, by Raymond H. Brandly
• Semi-retractable landing gear• 215 hp Franklin 6 cyl. engine• Pusher propeller
Reference Material:
Historicflight.orgWaco Airplanes “Ask Any Pilot”, Raymond H. BrandlyWaco, Symbol of Courage and Excellence, Vol 1 & 2, Fred O. Kobernuss Aerofiles.com/wacodataAirandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact (NASM)Eaavintage.orgEdcoatescollection.com/ac3/Classics/Wacoavn8Airliners.net Canadianflight.org/content/waco-aqc-www.libraries.wright.edu/special/collection_guides/guide_files/ms343.pdfAirventuremuseum.org/collection/aircraft/Waco%2010_ATO.aspNational Waco Club.comAviation-history.com/waco/upf-7Rareaircraft.com/remanufacture/restoration
