EVERY FAMILY MATTERS - NICCO - Every... · 2018. 3. 13. · Family Link Worker posts have been resourced by various funding routes including charitable trusts, Local Authority Drug

Things to consider when setting up Family Link Support Servicesand organising Family Focused Visits in prisons.

EVERY FAMILYMATTERS

POPs_GPG_v4:Layout 4 6/5/08 12:38 Page 2

The development of this booklet has been supportedby the Department of Children, Schools and Families(DCSF): Strengthening Family Programme.


WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DOPOPS is a registered charity set uptwenty years ago by families whowere experiencing having a lovedone in custody. At this time a groupof families formed a supportstructure for each other when therewas nothing else available. Today,POPS have grown to become anorganisation that employs overseventy-five full and part-time staff,has an annual turnover of over onemillion pounds and delivers a rangeof services to families at variousstages of the Criminal Justiceprocess. We operate serviceslocally, regionally and nationally. We influence a number of policyand practice steering groups,working parties and strategicboards and provide both anoffenders’ family and Voluntary and Community Sector perspectiveat all of the above.

POPS’ core services can be brokendown into these key areas:-• Visitor Centres• Family Link Workers• Prisoners Families National

Telephone Helpline• Black Prisoner Support Project

POPS recognises that familiesinfluence behaviour, and ifappropriate, can take on the role of the “offender supporter”. Thisrole can assist in the positiveprogression of the offender through their sentence.

Every Family Matters 01


‘We aim to provide a variety of services to supportanyone who has a link with someone in prison,prisoners and other agencies. Partners ofPrisoner and Families Support Group providesassistance to these groups for the purpose ofenabling them to cope with the stress of arrest,imprisonment and release.’POPS Mission Statement

02 Every Family Matters


Family ties are acknowledged as aprotective factor and as such thisdocument sets out to offer guidanceand basic principles on how toassist the maintenance of suchrelationships whilst an offender is in custody.

The five year strategy plan forProtecting the Public and ReducingRe-offending recognises thatsupporting offenders’ social andfamily links is at the “heart ofoffender management” (HomeOffice, 2005).

Children of offenders are also a particularly “at risk” group.Research suggests that prisoners’children are more at risk of beingthe next generation of prisoners. In fact, the Elizabeth Fry Societyclaims that 6 out of every 10children of prisoners or ex-prisoners will become involvedin crime and/or experience prison.

Children are affected by thecharacteristics of the areas inwhich they live, their school, theirparents’ values and local customs.The influence of family is animportant factor in childdevelopment. Family conflict andinappropriate modelling behaviourssuch as parent involvement incriminal activities may affectwhether a child becomes involved in delinquent and/or anti-socialbehaviour (McCarthy, Laing,Walker).

Information regarding the familyresponsibilities of prisoners is stillnot collated centrally. However,from a survey of 1,945 prisoners in2003 the following information isdrawn (Gerry Sutcliffe –Parliamentary under Secretary,Home Office):• 45% of all prisoners had

dependent children (aged 17 and under)

• 50% of female prisoners haddependent children

• 20% of young offenders haddependent children

• 48% of adult males haddependent children


WHY WE DO IT


POPS promote the concept ofFamily Link Workers attached toprisons to act as a conduit betweenfamilies and prisoners.

Family Link Workers aim to assistprisoners’ families develop theirconfidence and knowledge of thesystem by offering advice andsupport through guidance, advocacyand mediation.

Family Link Workers can act as a broker between the prisonestablishment and the familyensuring that they are as effectiveas possible in supporting theprogression of a loved one throughthe custodial process. Signpostingfamilies to other prison orcommunity based services is also a vital part of the Family LinkWorker role.

Families are sometimes not awareof the support that prisoners canreceive in preparing them forrelease. The Family Link Workercan inform them about theprogrammes, educational coursesand work experience that isavailable for prisoners.

POPS currently has 7 Family LinkWorkers based in 5 establishmentsin the North West region. TheseFamily Link Worker posts have beenresourced by various funding routesincluding charitable trusts, Local Authority Drug ServiceCommissioners, Prison Serviceestablishments and Department for Children, Schools and Families(DCSF).

FAMILY LINK SUPPORT SERVICES



Ten point planThis guide will give you tenquestions you should ask yourselfbefore considering setting up aFamily Link Worker service in your prison.

We have provided examples of howwe have answered these questions,but remember every prisonestablishment is different andunique, therefore you must use ourguide as a rule of thumb. One sizedoes not fit all, so adapt it to fit your situation.

How to set up a Family LinkWorker Service1. What is required and why?2. Should it be an “in house”

prison led service or will youuse an external agency?

3. If the service is to be provided byan external agency; should youprocure this service via theHMPS Regional ProcurementUnit?

4. How will this service beintegrated into other prisondepartments?

5. Will it feed into the ReducingRe-offending Delivery Plan?

6. What will the managementstructure consist of?

7. How will you monitor andevaluate the service?

8. Does the service meet theneeds of a diverse service usergroup?

9. How will the Family Link Workerpost be funded?

10. Remember... every familymatters.



1. What is required and why?We believe that you must alwaysstart with asking the service userswhat they want and need. Set up afocus group and ask the prisonersand their families “Is a Family LinkWorker what they want and if so,what do they see as their role?”.Then compare this to what prisonstaff want and need. Prison staffare sometimes inundated withrequests from or about families that they are often unable or ill-equipped to deal with. The resultsof this consultation will give youevidence of the need and will start to build a picture of thespecification for the post required.

2. Should it be an “in house” prisonled service or will you use anexternal agency?There is something to be said for both. We feel that utilising anoutside agency can often bringanother perspective to the situation.It also shows that the service isindependent of the prison and theprisoner. If it is not possible to usean outside agency try to ensure thatthe prison officer is a plain clothedworker and completely dedicated tothe role i.e. if there is an incident inthe prison, they do not have to stoptheir duties and get caught up withthe prison ‘1st response’ system of reporting to the Governor for re-allocation of role. If this doeshappen we fear that the familiesneeds are not a priority for thisworker and may get forgotten in the case of an emergency.

Location, location, location!POPS as a Voluntary Sector agencyinitially based the Family LinkWorker within the prisonestablishment in order to integratethem into the internal mechanismof support services and to haveaccess to the offenders themselves.However, via constant evaluation of the services we have recognisedthat being based in external visitor/resettlement centres can refocusthe emphasis primarily on theneeds of the family and not solelyon the needs of the offender, which may often be in conflict.

Sentence planningWhen based in a prison VisitorCentre, the Family Link Worker canencourage the family to be involvedin the decision making process andcan assist them to make a positivecontribution toward sentenceplanning. The Offender AssessmentSystem (OASys) has a relationshipsection that relates to the offenderspresent relationship with theirfamilies and also past familyexperiences. This can be updatedwith relevant information that isavailable to the Family Link Worker.Families can grow in confidence as their knowledge of the CriminalJustice and Prison Systemsincrease; as a result they can givethe prisoners positive support inworking towards their rehabilitation.

THE 10 POINT PLAN



Safeguarding Families are often the first to noticewhen a prisoners’ behaviourchanges, i.e. mental healthdeterioration, and can alert prisonstaff appropriately via the FamilyLink Worker. Families often feelmore comfortable to raise sensitiveissues with a worker attached to an external agency. The Family LinkWorker can offer support to thefamily during this process andinform them of the prisoners’ wellbeing. The same might apply if aprisoner is experiencing bullying,substance misuse and other suchissues.

3. If the service is to be provided by an external agency; should youprocure this service via the HMPSRegional Procurement Unit?If the service to is to be funded fullyby the Prison Service, depending onthe cost (over £10,000) the servicewill have to be tendered out by theRegional Procurement Unit.

There are a lot of positives attachedto procuring a Family Link WorkService via Regional ProcurementUnits. We feel that a serviceprocured in this way will:-• Have a specification that will have

been thought about and agreedbeforehand

• Demonstrate an open andtransparent process

• Have a contract and/or servicelevel agreement drawn up inconsultation with the provider

• Encourage contestability amongstagencies

• Promote partnership workingbetween different agencies.



4. How will this service beintegrated into other prisondepartments?It is vital to ensure that your serviceis linked to and known by otheragencies working in the prison. For example link the services toSafeguarding Teams, CARATs,Housing Projects, Chaplaincy Team,Resettlement Team and theOffender Management Unit etc.

Advertising and encouragingreferrals to the service is alsoextremely important. The bestforms of referrals are those made

by the family. You should alsoconsider how to ensure that youdon’t miss anyone out. You can dothis by promoting your service toother agencies both in the prisonand in the community.

POPS as a Voluntary Sector agencyidentify Family Link Workers as anintegral part of our continuum ofcare model which is a model wherefamilies can access the support ofother POPS services at variousstages of the Criminal JusticeSystem i.e. Link Worker to LinkWorker in different establishments.

POPS’ CONTINUUM OF CARE MODEL

1. ArrestPolice give families of thearrested information about ourservices at the point of arrest.

2. CourtInformation points staffed byPOPS volunteers.

3. Community SentenceCommunity Family LinkWorkers are attached to aProbation team to ‘mentor’families and assist their positiveinput into sentence plans.

4. Prison SentencePOPS Visitor Centre staffprovide a welcomingenvironment, advice,information, refreshments, play provision, advice surgeries(debt, health, legal) etc.

5. National HelplineProviding a free phone advice,information and referral servicestaffed by POPS, Ormiston Trustand Action for PrisonersFamilies (0808 808 2003).

6. Inside PrisonOur Family Link Workers providea route into the prison for familiesto share feelings of concern andto identify problems at earlystages.

7. Pre- release and release"Families, who needs them...we do” POPS utilising realfamilies to share theirexperiences with offenders.



AccommodationDrugs and Alcohol

Employment,Learning and Skills

Finance

Physical andMental Health

Attitudes, Thinkingand Behaviour

Victims of crime

CHILDREN, FAMILIES & COMMUNITY SUPPORT

These services are based on acontinuum of care model, managedby one agency in a ‘one stop shop’concept. Families are then familiarwith the support agency (i.e.POPS) providing services at everystep of the process. Trust isestablished and positiverelationships are formed.

Consistency in method is effectivein the delivery of pro socialmessages to offenders and theirfamilies need to be aware of whatthose messages are and what theoffender manager is trying toachieve in mapping out supervisionand interventions for the offender.If families, where appropriate, areincluded in the process, they canre-inforce the message andinfluence behaviour. POPSadvocates that families need tounderstand the situation and theterminology used to ensure realcommunication is happeningbetween all parties.

However, if the Family Link Workeris employed by an agency that doesnot operate such a process it isimportant that they are aware ofother support networks that theymay wish to inform the family of.

5. Will it feed into the Reducing Re-offending Delivery Plan?We believe that the issues forprisoners’ children and families cut across all pathways. With this in mind we believe that is vital toensure that the work being carriedout by the Family Link Worker is fed into this Children, Families andCommunity Support Pathway so itis both recognised and supported byNOMS, the prison and the region. Ifyour prison has a Children, Familiesand Community Support Pathwaythen make sure your worker islinked to it. There also may beregional meetings taking place,these are usually hosted by aRegional Offender Managementappointed Chair, try to feed yourwork into this too.



6. What will the managementstructure consist of?External agency providing the serviceIt is always important to make sure that you have figured out the management protocol for theFamily Link Worker before youassign them to work with theprison. This is extremely importantfor external agencies and satellitemanagement systems. You shouldconsider identifying a link managerin the prison that can support theworker on a day-to-day basis. But itis also very important to rememberto ensure that your staff member isfully aware of what the partnershipconsists of, who they are employedby and what the support/management structure is on a day-to-day and long arm basis. This willavoid any confusion and isolationthat may develop for the worker.

Prison is providing the service “in house”It is important to remember thatthis is a family focused service eventhough it is provided by prison staff.A balance needs to be found withregards where the service sitswithin the establishment i.e. whoseneeds are at the forefront of thedelivery? It is vital to promote theservice to prisoners but also verynecessary to make sure thatfamilies access the service directlyin order to address their needs,which may sometimes conflict withthose of the prisoner. Supportsystems need to be in place forprison staff to be able to identifyissues and relay relevantinformation.

7. How will you monitor andevaluate the service?MonitoringWe monitor the demographics of all our service users. For exampleages, sex, ethnicity, disability,residence etc. We also log how they were referred to the serviceand what their issues were whenthey first presented themselves toour workers. This information iseasily collated in a database asquantitative information of whichreports can be created. It is vital tomonitor your service to ensure thatit is meeting the needs of a diverserange of families. Monitoring willalso highlight if there are any trendsin the type of issues families areexperiencing. Also fundersprogressively want more evidence to prove that the service is meetingthe need and in some way reducesre-offending. Keep up-to-datemonitoring and analyse your dataregularly to demonstrate what youare doing works and that fundersshould continue to support thework.

EvaluatingEvaluating your services is a goodway to ensure that you are constantlydeveloping and improving yourpractice methods. We wouldsuggest that evaluations of theFamily Link Work cases should takeplace at the end of each case via anumber of different methods i.e.evaluation forms, focus groups,one-to-one interviews. We wouldalso recommend that once a yearyou conduct a full service evaluationwhich includes getting feedbackfrom all stakeholders and analysing



DONOR NAME

Local Authority Drug &Alcohol Strategy Team

DCSF (formerly DFES)

IMPACT

Youth Justice Board

HM Prison Service

Tudor Trust

SPECIFIC REMIT

Drug misuse amoungstManchester residents

Strengthening familiesand relationships

Prisoners’ returning to employment

Young people (18-21 years old)

Generic

Generic

FUNDING LENGTH

12 months

3 years

2 years

12 months

12 months

12 months

MONITORING

Quarterly

Annual

Annual

Quarterly

Quarterly

Annual

the impact of external influencesi.e. governmental policy changes.

8. Does the service meet the needsof a diverse service user group?Recruitment and training is key to the success of your service.Ensuring that your worker is bothunderstanding and reflective of theservice user group is vital whentrying to make sure that the servicereaches a diverse group. Yourmonitoring information will tell you if your service users are from a diverse background and if you find that you are struggling to reachcertain groups you may need to re-think where you are promotingthe service and who you arepromoting it to.

9. How will the Family Link Workerpost be funded?POPS as a Voluntary Sector agencyhave been able to secure fundingfrom a variety of different streamsto ensure we have adequateresources to manage our FamilyLink Workers. It is important toremember that with each donorcomes a different set of fundingcriteria. Therefore this may changethe remit of the Family Link Workerand the monitoring informationrequired. Our workers are currentlyfunded by the following agencies(see table below).

10. Remember... every familymatters!



Safeguarding issue A family were concerned about the well being of their loved one inprison (young person – under 18).They informed the Family LinkWorker that it was the prisoners’first prison sentence and he wastalking about committing suicidedue to a recent bereavement. Hewas also having difficulties with his relationship as he had justseparated from his partner and was not having access to his child. He was finding the wholeexperience very traumatic. FamilyLink Worker advocated on thefamily’s behalf and an ACCTdocument was opened. Thisdocument meant that the individualwas at risk of self harm and wouldbe carefully monitored by theprison.

The Family Link Worker was able toget him a place on the "Dads’ Visit".This gave him the opportunity tospend some time with his son anddevelop a mutually beneficialrelationship with his ex-partner.He is now much more settled andcoping with his prison sentence and his ACCT document has beenclosed. The family have been keptregularly informed and updated onhis well being.

Multi-agency workingA Prison Officer made a referral tothe Family Link Worker regarding aremand prisoner who was the solecarer for his disabled mother. Hewas extremely distressed andworried that she would struggle to cope alone.

The Family Link Worker contactedthe prisoner and met him on a legalvisit to assess the level of supportrequired by his mother. They thencontacted his mother to inform herof his welfare and his concerns forher. The Family Link Worker latersupported his mother on her firstvisit. With her agreement theycontacted a Voluntary Sector FamilyWelfare organisation to help her toaccess some local communitysupport.

The prisoner is now much morerelaxed knowing his mother is beingsupported and she is able tocontact the Family Link Workerdirectly by phone for practicaladvice. At the first meeting betweenthe mother and the Family LinkWorker it was highlighted that theprisoner had a severe drug misuseproblem. With his permission theFamily Link Worker relayed thisinformation to the relevant prisondepartment and he has now gonethrough a full detox programme.The mother feels more positiveabout his resettlement uponrelease.

THE POPS METHOD...GOOD PRACTICE



Involvement in Sentence planningThe Family Link Worker met thesister of a prolific offender in theVisitor Centre. She was the onlymember of the family prepared tovisit him during this sentence,as the others found the visitingexperience very draining and hadgiven up on him. The Family LinkWorker gave her support andpractical advice on how to supporthim during his time in prison. Sheencouraged the sister to help andsupport him to complete hisprogrammes. They worked togetherto prove to each other and therest of the family that he was tryingto change and worth supporting.



Even when families strive tomaintain contact with their lovedone in prison, visits can beexperienced as stressful andupsetting, especially by childrenand can be exacerbated by theenvironment and lack of facilities. In light of this some prisons havespecial arrangements that enableprisoners to spend more qualitytime with their families in a morerelaxed and informal setting. Thesevisits are different from normaldomestic visits in as much as theprisoner is free to move around theroom and play with their children.These visits bring some normalityto an otherwise sterile situation.Food is usually provided at theseevents so families can eat togetherand having a family photographtaken is also an option. This is often an important factor for longer term prisoners.

Family visits can be utilised toenable imprisoned parents to re-establish links with theirchildren. They can allow for parentsto prepare for release by allowingquality time with their children and to develop their confidence as parents once again.

Children often find it very difficult to understand why their parent can not move from their seat on anormal domestic visit and physicalcontact may also be frowned uponfor reasons of security. However,dedicated Family Focused Visits willallow children the benefit of morephysical contact and interaction.

FAMILY FOCUSED VISITS


“Just seeing my partner playingwith his children made it allseem normal for a while.”Family member after a Family Focused Visit


Ideally family visits should beavailable to all prisoners, howeverthe reality is somewhat different.The numbers of prisonersaccessing such visits is quite lowin comparison to the overall numberwithin each establishment andthese visits normally take placeevery 6 weeks.

There are also security and childprotection issues to be consideredand in some establishments it isonly those prisoners on theenhanced regime who canparticipate. This type of criteriameans that some prisoners neverget access to such a service e.g.Remand, Standard, Basic regimeprisoners.

It is also worth considering thetiming of the Family Focused Visit(i.e. afternoon) in order that familiesare able to travel in time to attendthe visits.

Ten point planThere is no one model of goodpractice only a desire to encouragestrong family ties and the decencyagenda. This guide will give you tenquestions you should ask yourselfbefore considering organisingFamily Focused Visits in yourprison.

We have provided examples of howwe have answered these questions,but remember every prisonestablishment is different andunique, therefore you must use ourguide as a rule of thumb. One sizedoes not fit all, so adapt it to fit yoursituation.

How to organise a Family Focused Visit1. What is required, why and for

whom?2. How will you manage, steer and

evaluate the Family FocusedVisits?

3. How will you promote it and towhom?

4. Will it be themed?5. What is your budget and who

will resource it?6. Who will provide refreshments?7. Will photographs be taken and

by whom?8. Who will send out pre-event

information?9. What activities will be available

at the event?10. Remember... have fun!



1. What is required, why and for whom?You need to acknowledge thatalthough there are differentprisoner communities withinprisons i.e. Enhanced, Lifers etc, itmay be worth considering standardregime prisoners being eligible forFamily Focused Visits too. Also haveyou thought about whether thesevisits will be counted as part of theprisoners’ normal visiting allowanceor is in addition to those visits?

2. How will you manage, steer andevaluate the Family Focused Visits?It is important that the prisonand/or agency that run the VisitorCentre are on board with theconcept and take part in theplanning and organisation of theFamily Focused Visit. You shouldconsider setting up a steering groupthat consists of all key stakeholderssuch as Resettlement Governor,Security Governor, Voluntary Sectoragencies, Visitor Centre staff,Chaplaincy, Education staff, VisitsSenior Officer, Prisoner and/or afamily representative. Each meetingshould be minuted, tasks should be allocated and an action planformulated with distinct items to be delivered on and timescales forthem to be completed by.

It is important to monitor who hasaccess to Family Focused Visits. Youshould be making them available toa diverse group of families from awide geographical range.

Evaluating the success of the eventis beneficial. It helps you to improvethe next one. Following up the eventby speaking to each family andprisoner individually is a good wayof getting their feedback andimproving things for the future.

3. How will you promote it and to whom?The promotion of the event is key to it’s success. Information needs to be clearly set out and easilyaccessible. The promotionalmaterials need to state theprisoners’ and/or families’ criteriafor application to attend the FamilyFocused Visit.

4. Will it be themed?Have you considered having athemed event to coincide withfestivals such as Christmas, Eid,Halloween or Black History Month?This way it will give families achance to celebrate occasionstogether as they would if they were at home.

5. What is your budget and whowill resource it?The budget needs to be agreedfrom the onset of organising thesekind of visits. Some establishmentswill provide funding from their owninternal budgets whilst others may partner with Voluntary SectorAgencies to draw down grantfunding from Trusts andFoundations. Remember thatcommunity agencies like localChildren Centres and Libraries etcdo have resources and a remit toreach children and offer learningopportunities. Utilise volunteerswhere appropriate.

THE 10 POINT PLAN



6. Who will provide refreshments?This aspect of the day may soundobvious but is a very important partof the event. The family and theprisoner rarely get to eat a mealtogether and the prisoner will neverbe allowed to feed his/her childrenor interact with them physically ona normal visit. Therefore it has to be right both in terms of quality and quantity and also taking intoconsideration special requirementsand cultural needs. If you areunsure about what to do and whatto provide, ask! The families andprisoners will tell you what theyneed. If you normally have access to a refreshment area, considerhaving it open at the event. In orderto encourage multi-agency workingutilise the support of the prisoncanteen to provide refreshmentsand lunch. If this is not a possibilityand you are going to use anexternal caterer, make sure thecompany has been approved by the prison and meets all securityrequirements.

7. Will photographs be taken and by whom?Having a photograph to mark theoccasion can make the occasioneven more special. But considerwho will take the photos and howwill they be distributed to theprisoners and families after thevisit. Prisoners often look forward toreceiving the photograph from theirvisit and it is a memento of the daythat they will want to keep.

8. Who will send out pre-eventinformation?Someone needs to takeresponsibility for informing thefamilies and the prisoners of thearrangements for the day. Theyneed to know, when it is, where itwill take place, how to get there,what time to be there and what toexpect when they get there. Makesure you have all the family contactdetails and they have yours, just incase they are delayed or can’t makeit. It is vital to inform a prisoner iftheir family is delayed or will not bethere, don’t leave them to find outon the day. It will be traumatic forthem and they will be disappointed.

“I felt like a proper Dad... justhelping my daughter eat herlunch was really special.”



9. What activities will be available at the event?Think about how you will get thefamilies to bond and play together.This can be more creative than anormal visit so think ‘outside thebox’. How about games, arts andcrafts, watching videos, reading and listening to story books, facepainting etc?

It is important to try to make surethat there is both practical andemotional support available tofamilies and prisoners both beforeand after the event. Visits don’talways go well and arguments ordisagreements can take place,especially when under stress. Beprepared and make sure someoneis available to help.

10. Remember... have fun!



“It was really great to celebrate Eid with our son... it was important to us to be together as a family.”

Dad’s VisitsChild focused visits for young Dadsare a great way of supporting youngfathers to build up relationshipswith their children and encouragethem to be interactive.

At HMYOI Hindley a multi-agencysteering group meets to plan eachevent and a theme for the visit. TheLearning and Skills departmentprovided a Dads reading/story tapeactivity. This involved each dadreading a story to their child(ren).Prison IT staff operated thewhiteboard display, so that thechildren could read along with thestory. Staff and young people fromthe prison catering course preparedand served refreshments as part of their coursework.

The POPS Playworkers assistedwith activities for the children andDads, such as face painting, playinggames and cake decorating. One ofthe prison managers tookphotographs.

The afternoon went extremely welland all families and children invitedto the event managed to attend. Thefeedback from families, prisonersand prison staff was very positive.

EID EventHMP&YOI Forest Bank and POPSrun family focused visits every threemonths with different themes suchas Halloween, Easter or Christmas.The last one we organised had anEid focus.

The Eid family visit at Forest Bankwas a great success, the forwardplanning included consultation withprisoners and families and jointworking between POPS, the prisonvisits team, the Imam and cateringdepartment.

There was a Halal buffet and lots of activities for parents and childrenincluding arts and crafts, facepainting. We even invited one of ourtalented members of POPS stafffrom another prison to providehenna painting for people’s handsand feet. Salford Book Startattended and the children weregiven Treasure packs containingbooks and reading folders. SureStart also provided the Visits Halland the event with new playequipment.

THE POPS METHOD...GOOD PRACTICE



INFORMATION

References:Home Office (2005) Reducing re-offending national action plan. Home Office: London.

Laing K (2003) Supporting prisoners and their families. Young Voice. http://www.youngvoice.org/template.asp?Show=prisonNotes

McCarthy, C. (2004) ‘Prison Suicides: The Death Toll Rises’. HML, Vol. 22 (1), p.5

Useful sources of information:

Action for Prisoners Families, Action News 2005: Family friendly prisons.

Action for Prisoners Families, Action News 2006: Family support.

Department of Children, Schools and Families and Ministry of Justice (2008). Children of Offenders Review.

HM Treasury (2003) Every Child Matters.

Home Office (2005) Reducing Re-offending National Action Plan.

Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2007). Poverty and disadvantage amongst prisoners families.

Louckes, N (2002). Just Visiting.

Louckes, N (2005). Keeping intouch.

Social Exclusion Task Force (2008). Families at Risk.



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Documents

EVERY FAMILY MATTERS - NICCO - Every... · 2018. 3. 13. · Family Link Worker posts have been resourced by various funding routes including charitable trusts, Local Authority Drug