F2014-IVC-048

The Russian Federation

Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.Y. Alekseev

Transport Systems Institute

FISITA 2014, The Netherlands, Maastricht – Tuesday, 3 June

Estimation of Steerability and Cornering Stability

of Light Commercial Vehicles

by Results of Road Tests and Simulation

Ksenia Shashkina - presenter

Anton Tumasov, Galina Konikova, Anatoly Groshev,

Alexander Bezrukov, Yuri Trusov

Cooperation between NNSTU and GAZ

Governmental support of R&D

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

NNSTU – the best traditions of Russian engineering

Moscow

Nizhny Novgorod

400km

GAZ – Russian producer of LCVs

R&D financed by The Ministry of Education and

Science of the Russian Federation

Contract №02.G25.31.006 from 12.02.2013

Governmental Regulation №218 from 09.04.2010

Parameters which affect steerability and

stability

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Centre of gravity d2

d1

h

a

b

L

C1

C2

C1 and C2 – stiffness of spring elements of rear and front suspensions

d1 and d2 – diameters of antiroll bars of front and rear suspensions

LCV market in Russia

Variety of LCV basic modifications

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

The Russian LCV Market

Tested LCV

Preparation for experimental research

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

LCV weighing

LCV ballasting GAZ A21R22 NEXT:

Test equipment installation

Demands of safety regulation

Static and dynamical tests (GOST 31507-2012)

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Static rollover test Dynamical road tests

Angle of a rotary platform

All dimensions in meters. SS – speed sensors

“Going into the corner” test “Lane-changing” test

Simulation

Analysis of static stability in ADAMS/CAR

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Front independent

suspension LCV simulation model

Rear dependent

suspension

= 0° = 20° = 44,11°

Studied configurations for verification

of the model

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

• Total permissible mass, front and rear antiroll

bars

• Total permissible mass, front antiroll bar

• Total permissible mass, without antiroll bars

Comparative analysis of static rollover test

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Total permissible mass

– the angle of a rotary platform at the moment of kick off of both outer wheels

Configuration Rollover test, degrees Simulation, degrees Discrepancy, %

2 antiroll bars 38,83 40,042 3,07

Front antiroll bar 39,483 40,4 2,30

Without antiroll bars 40,85 42,11 3,04

= the roll angle of a vehicle spring mass - the angle of a rotary platform

2 antiroll bars 6,23 5,89 5,61

Front antiroll bar 6,85 6,56 4,33

Without antiroll bars 6,75 6,4 5,32

Simulation

Analysis of dynamic stability

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

“Lane-changing” test “Going into the corner” test

Comparative analysis of steering angle

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Ste

eri

ng

angl

e, d

egr

ee

s

Time, s

Simulation

Road test

Comparative analysis of lateral

accelerations

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Late

ral a

cce

lera

tio

n, m

/s2

Time, s

Simulation

Road test

Comparative analysis of speeds

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Total permissible mass

Going into the corner R=35м (regulated 60 km/h)

Configuration Critical speed (road

tests), km/h

Critical speed

(simulation), km/h Discrepancy, %

2 antiroll bars 62,0 60,2 2,9

Front antiroll bar 61,8 60,0 2,9

Without antiroll bars 60,4 59,0 2,3

Lane-changing S=20м (regulated 70 km/h)

2 antiroll bars 73,5 70,8 3,7

Front antiroll bar 73,5 70,2 4,5

Without antiroll bars 71 70,2 2,8

Analysis of simulation results

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

Influence of LCV parameters on T value

1 – “going into the corner”; 2 – “lane-changing”

T – relative vertical wheel reaction

h - height of the center of gravity

C - ratio between vertical stiffness of spring elements of front and rear

suspensions

d - ratio between diameters of antiroll bars of front and rear suspensions

b – ration between horizontal distance, between LCV’s center of gravity and rear

axle and wheelbase

Summary and Conclusions

IVC Vehicle dynamics and intelligent vehicle controls F2014-IVC-048

• Specific Russian standards in the field of estimation

stability and cornering stability include three certification

tests.

• After any design modification or for entering the Russian

market the manufacturer should confirm the compliance to

the Standards.

• Adequate simulation model can help to make express

estimation of the influence of some parameters on stability

and steerability.

The results of the study could be used by engineers at the

preliminary stage of design of a new range of LCVs.

F2014-IVC-048

The Russian Federation

Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.Y. Alekseev

Transport Systems Institute

Thank you for attention!

603950, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod

NNSTU n.a. R.Y. Alekseev

Minin str., 24

www.en.nntu.ru www.its.nntu.ru

Transport Systems Institute

Anton Tumasov – vice-director for development

+7-905-19-20-576

anton.tumasov@nntu.nnov.ru