Especificacao Ingles

MANUAL DEIRRIGAO

BRASLIA - DF2002

Standard TechnicalSpecifications5

BUREAU OF RECLAMATIONBRASIL

Todos os Direitos ReservadosCopyright 2002 Bureau of ReclamationOs dados desse Manual esto sendo atualizados por tcnicos do Bureau of Reclamation.Estamos receptivos a sugestes tcnicas e possveis erros encontrados nessa verso. Favorfazer a remessa de suas sugestes para o nosso endereo abaixo, ou se preferir por e-mail.1 Edio: Dezembro de 2002Meio EletrnicoEditor:BUREAU OF RECLAMATIONSGA/Norte - Quadra 601 - Lote I - Sala 410Edifcio Sede da CODEVASFBraslia - DFCEP - 70830-901Fone: (061) 226-8466

226-4536Fax: 225-9564E-mail: [email protected]

AutoresKenneth Franc. - Eng Civil - Especialista em Especificao - Bureau of ReclamationRichard A simonds. Eng Civil - Especialista em Tabulaes - Bureau of ReclamationCatarino Esquivel - Eng Civil - Especialista em Irrigao - Bureau of ReclamationThomas Haider Eng Civil - Especialista em Canais - Bureau of ReclamationClete Mages - Eng Mecnico - Bureau of ReclamationSherwood Baxter - Eng Eltrico - Bureau of ReclamationRod Vissia - Eng de Planejamento - Bureau of ReclamationDouglas C. Olson - Eng de Planejamento - Bureau of ReclamationPeter J. Hradilek - Eng Civil - Especialista em Barragens - Bureau of ReclamationEquipe Tcnica do Bureau of Reclamation no BrasilCatarino Esquivel - Chefe da EquipeRicardo Rodrigues Lage - Especialista AdministrativoEvani F. Souza - Assistente AdministrativoRevisores Tcnicos:ENGECORPS (Corpo de Engs Consultores) - Vrios EspecialistasCODEVASF / DNOCS - Vrios EspecialistasComposio e Diagramao:Print Laser - Assessoria Editorial Ltda

Ficha Catalogrfica:

Standard Technical Specifications / Kenneth Franc.... [et al.]. Braslia: Secretaria de Recursos Hdricos, 2002.574 p. : il. (Manual de Irrigao, v.5)Trabalho elaborado pelo Bureau of Reclamation, do Depar-

tamento de Interior, dos Estados Unidos, por solicitao do Mi-nistrio da Integrao Nacional do governo brasileiro.

1. Manual - Especificao . I. Franc, Kenneth. II. Srie.

CDU 627.82.004.15

3Irrigation Manual Copyright Bureau of Reclamation

Standard Technical Specifications

APRESENTAO

Em maio de 1986, o Banco Mundial aprovou um Contrato de Emprstimo para aelaborao de estudos e projetos de irrigao no Nordeste do Brasil. O Contrato incluirecursos para assistncia tcnica Secretaria de Infra-Estrutura Hdrica e, para isto, foiassinado - em novembro de 1986 - um acordo com o Bureau of Reclamation, do Depar-tamento do Interior, dos Estados Unidos.

A assistncia abrange a reviso de termos de referncia, estudos bsicos, setoriaise de pr-viabilidade; projetos bsicos e executivos; especificaes tcnicas para constru-o de projetos de irrigao; critrios, normas e procedimentos de operao e manuten-o de projetos de irrigao; apresentao de seminrios tcnicos; acompanhamento daconstruo de projetos; formulao de recomendaes de polticas relativas ao desenvol-vimento da agricultura irrigada.

O trabalho de assistncia realizado por uma equipe residente no Brasil, e porpessoal temporrio do Bureau, do Centro de Engenharia e Pesquisa de Denver, Colorado,Estados Unidos. A equipe residente conta com especialistas em planejamento, projetosde irrigao, barragens, hidrologia, sensoriamento remoto e operao e manuteno.

O Bureau vem prestando estes servios h mais de dezesseis anos. Neste perodo,obteve um conhecimento bastante amplo sobre a agricultura irrigada, no Brasil. Devido aeste conhecimento e grande experincia do Bureau, em assuntos de irrigao, o Minis-trio da Integrao Nacional, solicitou que fossem elaborados manuais tcnicos, parautilizao por rgos governamentais (federais, estaduais e municipais), entidades priva-das ligadas ao desenvolvimento da agricultura irrigada, empresas de consultoria, empreiteirase tcnicos da rea de irrigao.

A coleo que ora entregue a esse pblico um dos resultados do Contratomencionado. Ela composta dos seguintes Manuais:

Planejamento Geral de Projetos de Irrigao Classificao de Terras para Irrigao Avaliao Econmica e Financeira de Projetos de Irrigao Operao e Manuteno de Projetos de Irrigao Especificaes Tcnicas Padronizadas Standard Technical Specifications Avaliao de Pequenas Barragens Elaborao de Projetos de Irrigao Construo de Projetos de Irrigao

Para sua elaborao contou com o trabalho de uma equipe de engenheiros e espe-cialistas do Bureau of Reclamation, por solicitao do governo brasileiro.



O objetivo dos Manuais apresentar procedimentos simples e eficazes para seremutilizados na elaborao, execuo, operao e manuteno de projetos de irrigao.

Os anexos 10, 11 e 12 do Manual de Operao e Manuteno de Projetos deIrrigao foram redigidos por tcnicos do Instituto Interamericano de Cooperao para aAgricultura - IICA. O anexo do Manual de Avaliao de Pequenas Barragens foi elabora-do pelo Grupo de Hidrometeorologia da Superintendncia de Desenvolvimento do Nordes-te - SUDENE, em convnio com o Institut Franais de Recherche Scientifique pour leDevelopement en Cooperation - ORSTOM.

Foram publicadas, separadamente, pelo IBAMA / SENIR / PNUD / OMM (InstitutoBrasileiro de Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais, Secretaria Nacional de Irrigao,Programa das Naes Unidas para o Desenvolvimento, Organizao Meteorolgica Mun-dial), as Diretrizes Ambientais para o Setor de Irrigao. Estas diretrizes devem serseguidas em todas as etapas de planejamento, implantao e operao de projetos deirrigao.

O Bureau of Reclamation agradece a gentil colaborao da CODEVASF (Compa-nhia de Desenvolvimento do Vale do So Francisco) e do DNOCS (Departamento Nacio-nal de Obras Contra as Secas) pela disponibilizao de informaes sobre Leis e NormasTcnicas Brasileiras.



SUMRIO

APRESENTAO ............................................................................................................ 3

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 10

SECTION - CIVIL WORKS ............................................................................................... 12C-010101 CIVIL WORKS - PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES ............................................. 12C-010103 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION .................................................. 12C-010105 CONSTRUCTION CAMP ....................................................................... 13C-010107 STAKING OUT THE WORK ................................................................... 14C-010109 ACCESS TO THE WORK AND HAUL ROUTES ......................................... 14C-010201 SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS ........................................................... 14C-010202 DIFFERING SITE CONDITIONS ............................................................... 15C-010203 POWER FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES .............................................. 15C-010205 WATER FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES .............................................. 15C-020101 CLEARING AND CLEANING CONSTRUCTION

AREAS AND BORROW AREAS .............................................................. 16C-020201 DIVERSION OF RIVER AND CONTROL OF WATER

DURING CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................... 16C-020303 LOWERING GROUNDWATER TABLE ...................................................... 18C-020304 SYSTEMS FOR LOWERING GROUND-WATER TABLE ............................... 19C-020401 SITE DRAINAGE .................................................................................. 20C-020501 FENCES.............................................................................................. 21

SECTION - EARTHWORK ............................................................................................... 25C-030100 EARTHWORK, GENERAL ...................................................................... 25C-030101 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION ....................................................... 25C-030102 DEFINITION OF EARTH MATERIALS....................................................... 26C-030103 BLASTING .......................................................................................... 28C-030201 EXCAVATION FOR CANALS AND DRAINS ............................................. 28C-030203 EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES .......................................................... 30C-030205 EXCAVATION FOR TRENCHES .............................................................. 31C-030207 EXCAVATION FOR BUILDINGS.............................................................. 33C-030211 EXCAVATION IN BORROW AREAS ........................................................ 35C-030213 OVERHAUL......................................................................................... 36C-030301 BACKFILL ABOUT STRUCTURES ........................................................... 37C-030303 BACKFILL IN PIPE TRENCHES ............................................................... 38C-030401 CONSTRUCTION OF EMBANKMENTS .................................................... 40C-030501 SLOPE PROTECTION - RIPRAP .............................................................. 43C-030505 PROTECTION OF SLOPES WITH VEGETATION ........................................ 44C-030507 CYCLOPIC CONCRETE ......................................................................... 44C-030601 SURFACING FOR ROADS ..................................................................... 45



SECTION - CONCRETE STRUCTURES .............................................................................. 47C-040100 GENERAL CONCRETE REQUIREMENTS .................................................. 47C-040101 COMPOSITION AND MIXING ................................................................ 47C-040102 CONCRETE TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL....................................... 50C-040103 CEMENT............................................................................................. 52C-040104 ADMIXTURES ..................................................................................... 53C-040105 WATER .............................................................................................. 54C-040106 AGGREGATES..................................................................................... 54C-040107 REINFORCING BARS ............................................................................ 55C-040108 FORMS AND SHORING ........................................................................ 57C-040109 TRANSPORTATION OF CONCRETE ........................................................ 58C-040110 CONCRETE PLACEMENT SCHEDULE AND DRAWINGS............................. 59C-040111 PLACING CONCRETE ........................................................................... 60C-040113 CONSOLIDATION OF CONCRETE .......................................................... 61C-040115 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS...................................................................... 62C-040117 REMOVAL OF FORMS .......................................................................... 63C-040119 CONCRETE CURING............................................................................. 64C-040120 PROTECTION OF CONCRETE ................................................................ 64C-040121 CONCRETE FINISHING, INSPECTION AND REPAIR ................................... 65C-040122 CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURES ........................................................ 69C-040123 PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE................................................................ 69C-040124 TOLERANCES ..................................................................................... 71C-040125 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT FOR CONCRETE ................................... 75C-040128 MISCELLANEOUS - CONCRETE STRUCTURES ........................................ 76C-040130 EMBEDDED ITEMS............................................................................... 77C-040201 TRIMMING AND SHAPING CANAL ........................................................ 78C-040203 CONCRETE CANAL LINING ................................................................... 79C-040205 EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION JOINTS IN CONCRETE CANAL LINING ... 81C-040401 WATERSTOPS .................................................................................... 82

SECTION - SHOTCRETE ................................................................................................. 84C-040501 SHOTCRETE ....................................................................................... 84C-040503 SMOOTH OR POLISHED EXPOSED REINFORCED CONCRETE .................... 87C-040505 MIXED REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS ................................................ 89

SECTION - BUILDING AND URBANIZATION WORKS.......................................................... 92C-050000 BUILDINGS ......................................................................................... 92C-050201 FOUNDATIONS FOR BUILDINGS............................................................ 93C-050302 MASONRY........................................................................................ 102C-050304 BRICKS ............................................................................................ 105C-050308 PAVEMENTS AND FLOORS ................................................................ 107C-050312 CEILINGS ......................................................................................... 112C-050314 ROOFING.......................................................................................... 112C-050316 WATERPROOFING ............................................................................. 116C-050318 WOODEN FRAMES ............................................................................ 117C-050320 METALLIC FRAMES ........................................................................... 119C-050322 GLASS ............................................................................................. 120C-050324 HARDWARE ..................................................................................... 121C-050326 PAINT FOR BUILDINGS ...................................................................... 122C-050328 FINISHES .......................................................................................... 125C-050330 ELECTRICAL AND TELEPHONE INSTALLATIONS ................................... 128C-050332 WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY SYSTEMS ......................................... 133

DIVISION - MECHANICAL ............................................................................................ 137S-010101 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT, GENERAL ................................................. 137



SECTION - PUMP AND MOTOR UNITS .......................................................................... 154S-010201 PUMP AND MOTOR UNITS, GENERAL ................................................. 154S-010202 VERTICAL - SHAFT, CENTRIFUGAL PUMPING UNITS............................. 163S-010203 HORIZONTAL-SHAFT CENTRIFUGAL PUMPING UNITS ........................... 167S-010205 INDUCTION ELECTRIC MOTORS ......................................................... 170S-010206 SYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTORS ................................................... 175

SECTION - GATES AND VALVES .................................................................................. 179S-010301 GATES AND VALVES, GENERAL ......................................................... 179S-010302 BUTTERFLY VALVES WITH ACTUATORS ............................................. 182S-010303 BUTTERFLY VALVES (WITHOUT ACTUATORS) ..................................... 184S-010304 GATE VALVES .................................................................................. 185S-010305 GLOBE VALVES ................................................................................ 185S-010306 CHECK VALVES ................................................................................ 186S-010307 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES ................................................................ 186S-010308 SURGE ANTICIPATOR VALVES ........................................................... 187S-010309 MULTI-FUNCTION VALVES ................................................................. 188S-010310 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES, GLOBE-TYPE....................................... 188S-010311 AIR VALVES ..................................................................................... 189S-010312 STANDARDIZED CAST OR DUCTILE IRON SLIDE GATES........................ 190S-010313 AUTOMATIC LEVEL CONTROL VALVES ............................................... 192

SECTION - WATER LEVEL CONTROL GATES .................................................................. 194S-010401 WATER LEVEL CONTROL EQUIPMENT FOR IRRIGATION CANALS ........... 194SECTION - STEEL SUCTION PIPES, DISCHARGE PIPES, AND MANIFOLDS ................ 214S-010501 STEEL SUCTION PIPES, DISCHARGE PIPES, AND MANIFOLDS ............... 214

SECTION - HANDLING APPARATUS .............................................................................. 220S-010701 HANDLING APPARATUS, GENERAL ..................................................... 220S-010702 TRAVELING GANTRY CRANE, ELECTRIC.............................................. 222S-010703 TRAVELING GANTRY CRANE, MANUAL .............................................. 225S-010704 OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANE, MANUAL........................................... 226S-010705 MONORAIL HOIST ............................................................................. 229

SECTION - STRUCTURAL EQUIPMENT .......................................................................... 232S-010801 STOPLOGS ....................................................................................... 232S-010802 TRASHRACKS .................................................................................. 235

SECTION - SUMP PUMP .............................................................................................. 238S-011001 SUMP PUMP ..................................................................................... 238S-011101 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT, GENERAL ................................................. 240S-011102 LINE METERS.................................................................................... 243S-011103 PRESSURE SWITCHES ....................................................................... 245S-011104 WATER-LEVEL DEVICES ..................................................................... 246S-011105 MANOMETER.................................................................................... 247S-011106 FLOW SWITCH ................................................................................. 247S-011107 SPRINKLERS ..................................................................................... 248S-011201 HYDROPNEUMATIC TANKS................................................................ 253S-011202 SURGE STANDS................................................................................ 254S-011203 FILTERING EQUIPMENT ...................................................................... 256S-011204 EMERGENCY DIESEL MOTOR-GENERATOR UNITS................................. 257S-011205 ASSEMBLY JOINTS ........................................................................... 260S-011206 CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR PIPELINES ................................ 263

SECTION - ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, GENERAL ............................................................. 267S-020200 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, GENERAL ................................................... 267



S-020201 POWER TRANSFORMERS MAXIMUM VOLTAGE UP TO 15 kV ................ 276S-020202 POWER TRANSFORMERS - MAXIMUM VOLTAGE UP TO 72.5 KV........... 285S-020203 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS ............................................................. 303S-020204 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS ................................................................ 308S-020205 DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS ......................................................... 315S-020206 AUTOTRANSFORMERS ...................................................................... 322S-020208 MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS - 15 kV ................................... 328S-020209 HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS - 72.5 kV ..................................... 335S-020210 SWITCHGEARS ................................................................................. 346S-020212 LIGHTNING ARRESTERS..................................................................... 355S-020214 INSULATORS .................................................................................... 361S-020216 AUTOMATIC RECLOSERS .................................................................. 368S-020218 THREE-POLE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES - 15 kV................................ 372S-020220 THREE-POLE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES - 72.5 kV ............................. 379S-020222 SINGLE POLE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES - (15 kV) (72.5 kV) .............. 389S-020224 FUSE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES - 15 kV .......................................... 394S-020226 FUSE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES - 72.5 kV ....................................... 399S-020228 15 kV TANDEM SWITCHES ................................................................ 401S-020230 BARE COPPER CABLES ...................................................................... 403S-020232 0.6 kV TO 15 kV POWER CABLES....................................................... 410S-020234 CONTROL CABLES ............................................................................ 418S-020236 ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS ................................................................ 427S-020238 STEEL CORE ALUMINUM CONDUCTOR ............................................... 431S-020240 DIRECT CURRENT SYSTEM - (48 Vdc) (125 Vdc) .................................. 437S-020242 THREE-PHASE BANK OF CAPACITORS ................................................ 446S-020244 GROUNDING RESISTORS ................................................................... 455S-020246 MEASUREMENT ASSEMBLIES ............................................................ 459S-020248 PAINT AND ANTI-CORROSION TREATMENT ......................................... 465S-020250 DATA SHEET (EXAMPLE) ................................................................... 467S-020252 METERING AND PROTECTIVE CUBICLES.............................................. 468S-020254 EQUIPMENT PRICE ADJUSTMENTS ..................................................... 470S-020256 WELDING ......................................................................................... 471S-020258 PACKING.......................................................................................... 472S-020260 DRAWINGS AND TECHNICAL DATA TO BE

FURNISHED BY THE CONTRACTOR ..................................................... 474

DIVISION PIPELINES .................................................................................................... 477S-030101 PIPELINES, GENERAL ......................................................................... 477S-030201 SECTION - STEEL PIPE AND FITTINGS ................................................. 480S-030301 SECTION - REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE AND FITTINGS ....................... 482S-030401 SECTION - ASBESTOS-CEMENT PIPE AND FITTINGS ............................. 484S-030501 SECTION - PVC PIPE AND FITTINGS .................................................... 488S-030701 SECTION - DUCTILE IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS ..................................... 491S-030801 SECTION - ALUMINUM PIPE AND FITTINGS ......................................... 492S-030901 SECTION - GALVANIZED MALLEABLE IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS ............ 493

DIVISION - INSTALLATION OF MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT............................................... 494I-010101 INSTALLATION, GENERAL .................................................................. 494I-010102 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS TO BE INSTALLED

BY THE CONTRACTOR ...................................................................... 499I-010103 PUMP UNITS .................................................................................... 499I-010105 GATES AND VALVES......................................................................... 501I-010107 HANDLING APPARATUS .................................................................... 504I-010109 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT ................................................................ 504I-010111 SUMP PUMPS ................................................................................... 505I-010113 STRUCTURAL EQUIPMENT ................................................................. 505



I-010115 WATER LEVEL CONTROL GATES ........................................................ 507I-010117 STEEL SUCTION PIPES, DISCHARGE PIPES, AND MANIFOLDS ............... 508I-030101 INSTALLATION OF PIPELINES AND APPURTANCES ............................... 510I-030103 CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR PIPELINES .............................. 521

SECTION - INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ................................................. 523I-020101 INSTALLATION, GENERAL .................................................................. 523I-020102 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS TO BE

INSTALLED BY THE CONTRACTOR ..................................................... 528I-020103 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ................................................................... 528I-020104 INSTALLATIONS ............................................................................... 529I-020105 ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ............................................ 530I-020106 SWITCHGEARS ................................................................................. 531I-020108 DISCONNECTING SWITCHES .............................................................. 532I-020109 POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS ............................................................... 532I-020110 DIRECT CURRENT SYSTEM - (48 Vdc AND) 125 Vdc ............................ 532I-020111 INSULATORS .................................................................................... 532I-020112 GROUNDING ..................................................................................... 532I-020113 CONDUIT SYSTEMS .......................................................................... 534I-020114 INSULATED CONDUCTORS ................................................................ 536I-020115 PAYMENT FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.................................................. 537D-020201 DIVERSION OF RIVER AND CONTROL OF WATER

DURING CONSTRUCTION OF EARTH DAMS ANDAPPURTENANT STRUCTURES ............................................................ 538

D-030103 BLASTING ........................................................................................ 542

SECTION - OPENCUT EXCAVATION .............................................................................. 546D-030201 OPENCUT EXCAVATION, GENERAL..................................................... 546D-030203 OPENCUT EXCAVATION REQUIREMENTS ............................................ 546SECTION - CONSTRUCTION OF DAM EMBANKMENTS ........................................... 550D-030401 CONSTRUCTION OF EARTHFILL AND/OR ROCKFILL DAM EMBANKMENT 550

DIVISION - PREPARATION AND TREATMENT OF FOUNDATIONS ..................................... 563D-040101 GENERAL ......................................................................................... 563D-040201 CLEANING, LEVELING, AND SURFICIAL TREATMENT OF FOUNDATIONS 563D-040203 CONCRETE STRUCTURE FOUNDATION AREAS..................................... 565D-040205 SLUSH GROUTING FOUNDATIONS ...................................................... 569D-040207 DENTAL CONCRETE .......................................................................... 569D-040209 TOLERANCES ................................................................................... 570

SECTION - GEOLOGICAL-GEOTECHNICAL MAPPING ....................................................... 573D-040301 GEOLOGICAL-GEOTECHNICAL MAPPING OF THE FOUNDATIONS ........... 573



INTRODUCTION

This MANUAL contais standard technical Specifications prepared by the Bureau ofReclamation for use in the competitive bidding process for the construction of irrigationprojects in Brazil. These Specifications are available in Portuguese as well as in English.

The standard technical Specifications should be considered a preliminary version, andshould be continously modified, updated, and improved. In the upper right-hand cornerof the first page of each standard Specification, the dates of the latest and next-to-lastest revisions should be indicated, in order to keep track of the revision process.

The Specifications were developed by specialists in the areas, with the assistance ofcivil, hydraulic, irrigation, mechanical, and electrical engineers. The principal sourcedocument for these Specifications was the Caderno de Encargos prepared byCODEVASF in 1988. Other source documents included the technical specificationsprepared for the Itaparica, Piranhas/Acu and Jaguaribe-Apodi Projects, and Bureau ofReclamation standard specifications.

STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

The following is a general description of the coding system, the content and the use ofthe Specifications.

1) Identification Code. The letter and number identification code for each Specificationis located on the upper right-hand corner of each page of the Specifications. Theletters are used to identify the type of work or service described in the Specifications.For the English version the letter codes are as follows:

T - Table of Contents and IntroductionC - Civil WorksD - DamsS - Equipment SupplyI - Equipment Installation

In the Portuguese version these letter codes are TP, CP, DP, SP and IP, respectively.

The 6-digit number code, which immediately follows the letter code is used to identifythe standard Specification in accordance with the Table of Contents, which has theCode T - 010101. Each Specification is listed in the Table of Contents next to the letterand number code used for its identification, (e.g. I - 030101 is for Installation ofPipelines and Appurtenances). This Introduction has the Code T - 010102.

The identification codes are also the names of the WORDSTAR archives on the diskettes.



2) Content. The civil works Specifications include requirements for the constructionof canals, pipelines, pumping plants, power supply substations, and buildings. Alsoincluded in the civil works Specifications are requirements related to preliminarywork, local conditions, and sitework. The dam Specifications provide requirementsfor the construction of earth and concrete dams. The equipment supply Specificationsindicate requirements for the furnishing of mechanical equipment, electricalequipment; and primary, secondary and on-farm pipe. The equipment installationSpecifications indicate requirements for installing mechanical equipment, electricalequipment; and primary, secondary, and on-farm pipe.

3) Use. The standard Specifications are intended to be used to assist in the developmentof technical specifications for any given specific project. The standard Specificationsshould be considered as basic text that can be inserted, as required, into the text ofspecifications being developed for a given specific project. Only those standardSpecifications, or portions thereof, required for a particular project should be used.For each particular project, the standard Specifications should be modified, revised,and/or supplemented, as needed. Individual words, phrases and paragraphs can bemodified wherever necessary to meet the needs of a specific project. Some standardSpecifications may require little or no revision, while others may require extensiverevisions and/or additions in order to meet project requirements.

It may be decided that some of the revisions, modifications, and/or additions made fora specific project should be included in the standard Specifications. ANY CHANGESMADE TO THE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS SHOULD BE MADE ON THE MASTERAND BACK-UP COPIES, AS WELL AS ON ANY OTHER COPIES THAT ARE BEING USEDBY CODEVASF, DNOCS, ETC.

The identification code system should in no way limit the use of any individual standardspecification. Standard Specifications can be combined, and portions of different individualstandard Specifications can be selected and combined into the specifications beingprepared for a particular project. For example, Installation of Pipelines and Appurtenances(I - 030101), includes requirements for the excavation and backfill of pipeline trenches,concrete in pipe trenches, construction at road crossings, and valve installation, as wellas transport, repairs, installation, filling, and testing of the pipe. Any pertinent informationfrom the pipeline installation Specifications may be extracted and included in the civilworks specifications, depending on the requirements of the particular project. Anotherexample would be the use of the blasting Specifications, C - 030103 and D - 030103.If subsurface investigation along a canal or pipeline alignment indicate the need for rockexcavation by blasting, Specification D - 030101 could be modified and used in thecanal or pipeline specification by deleting the contour blasting requirements which normallypertain only to dam construction.

Paragraphs, sentences, phrases, or words contained within parentheses in the standardSpecifications text may or may not be applicable to a specific project. If applicable, theparentheses should be removed; if not applicable, the paragraph, sentence, phrase, orword, and the parentheses should be deleted.

Note that the parentheses are provided to assist the specification preparation for aspecific project. The parentheses are not intended to limit modifications to the standardSpecifications to only those items contained in parentheses. All paragraphs, sentences,phrases and/or words are subject to modification depending on the needs of a specificproject.

Wherever blanks occur in the text of the standard Specifications, they should be filled inwith the appropriate information relative to the specific project for which specificationsare being prepared.



SECTION - CIVILSECTION - CIVILSECTION - CIVILSECTION - CIVILSECTION - CIVILWORKSWORKSWORKSWORKSWORKS

C-010101 CIVIL WORKS - PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES

This section deals with the preliminary activities to be performed by the CONTRACTORwhich are necessary for the proper execution and completion of the work. Preliminaryactivities include, but are not necessarily limited to mobilization and demobilization ofpersonnel and equipment; construction of the CONTRACTORs camp; staking out thework; and construction of roads necessary for access to the work and haul routes.

C-010103 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall make all necessary arrangements forthe mobilization of personnel and equipment immediately after signing the Contract andreceipt of the Notice to Proceed, so as to be able to effectively start and complete thework within the stipulated contract time.

Upon completion of the work, the CONTRACTOR shall remove all equipment, constructioncamp installations, temporary buildings, surplus or unused materials, debris, and otherlike materials, belonging to the CONTRACTOR or used under the CONTRACTORsdirection during construction. All areas shall be left in a completely clean condition.

2. Measurement and Payment. Mobilization and demobilization will not be subject tomeasurements for payment purposes. Lump-sum payments will be made to theCONTRACTOR for mobilization prior to the beginning of the work and for demobilizationupon termination of the Contract, in accordance with the Bidding Schedule.

The lump-sum prices for these items include, but are not necessarily limited to, thefollowing:

the cost of transporting and installing all construction equipment owned or leasedby the CONTRACTOR to the work site, and its subsequent removal;

the cost of transporting all CONTRACTOR and/or Sub-contractor personnel to thework site and subsequent return of such personnel;

the cost of all travel by Contractor personnel necessary for the execution of thework, or as determined by the ENGINEER, regardless of the duration and nature ofthe trip. C-010105



C-010105 CONSTRUCTION CAMP

1. Description of the work. The construction camp shall be constructed in accordancewith the designs and plans prepared by the CONTRACTOR and approved by theENGINNER. The designs and plans shall be based on the preliminary layout submitted inthe Bid Proposal by the BIDDER.

The construction camp shall consist of two different areas:

a residential area of living quarters and dining facilities for personnel of both theCONTRACTOR and the ENGINEER.

an administrative area of central offices for staffs of both the CONTRACTOR andthe ENGINEER, and warehouses, work shops, garages and yards, laboratories, andmedical facilities.

All construction camp permanent facilities installed by the CONTRACTOR shall becomethe property of the CLIENT upon completion of the work, unless otherwise specified.

Living quarters shall provide the following minimum requirements:

sleeping facilities accomodating a maximum of four persons per each 12 squaremeter room with floor-to-ceiling height of 2.6 meters; the rooms shall have naturalventilation;

a single bed, with mattress, pillow, top and botton sheets, and two blankets foreach person;

lighted corridors, with lighting fixtures spaced at maximum 10 meter intervals; a minimum of one toilet (WC) for every twelve persons; a minimum of one shower for every fifteen persons; a collective lavatory, with one faucet for every twelve persons; complete electric installations, including electrical outlets and lighting for all rooms; the dining facilities shall be fully lighted and shall have toilet and washroom facilities.

The dining area shall have tables for a maximum of twelve persons. The kitchenshall be contiguous to the dining area and shall have running potable water. Specialcare shall be given to proper hygienic conditions in all dining facilities, in order toprotect the health of workers.

Additional requirements for construction and maintenance of the camp include:

equipment to supply compressed air; supply of potable and industrial water; storing, stockpiling, processing, handling, and transportation of construction

materials; construction of concrete portions of structures in accordance with the applicable

requirements contained in the specifications; installations required for the transmission and distribution of electric power to the

various locations at the camp; construction of water and sewage systems; construction and maintenance of all roads.

The locations for construction of the facilities will be designated by the ENGINEER andshall be in the proximity of the work.

2. Measurement and payment. A lump-sum payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor the construction camp in accordance with the Bidding Schedule.



This lump-sum price shall include the cost of all work and materials necessary to constructand maintain the camp in accordance with the approved designs and plans and therequirements specified herein.

C-010107 STAKING OUT THE WORK

1. Description of the work. The CLIENT will provide the CONTRACTOR with basic topographyof the work site. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish all materials, equipment, and laborrequired for staking out the work, including stakes, survey field books, measuring tapesand instruments.

The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for maintaining all stakes and markers untilauthorized to remove them.

The ENGINEER will check the survey measurements as work progresses, in order toverify that the lines, grades and dimensions established by the CONTRACTOR are accurateand in accordance with the designs provided. The survey verifications made by theENGINEER shall in no way exempt the CONTRACTOR from responsibility to execute thework in accordance with the designs provided.

In the event of any survey mistakes by the CONTRACTOR which cause errors, damage,or any other irregularities in the work, the CONTRACTOR shall be required to removeand reconstruct the affected portion of the work at no additional cost to the CLIENT andwithin the time period stipulated by the ENGINEER.

2. Measurement and Payment. No separate payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor materials,equipment, and labor required for staking out the work as required by thedesigns provided or as directed by the ENGINEER, and the costs shall be included in theprices for the work for which the surveys are required.

C-010109 ACCESS TO THE WORK AND HAUL ROUTES

1. Description of the work. All work for access to the site shall be performed by theCONTRACTOR. He shall be responsible for constructing and maintaining, at his ownexpense, any temporary haul roads, temporary access roads, and associated structuresrequired for construction operations.

Permanent roads are defined as roads which are required to be constructed by theCONTRACTOR in accordance with the Specifications and drawings. Construction andpayment for these roads shall be in accordance with the applicable provisions of theSpecifications. If the CONTRACTOR uses these roads for access and hauling, the roadsshall be maintained and repaired as necessary until final acceptance of the work.

2. Measurement and payment. No separate payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor construction and maintenance of temporary access roads and haul routes and thecosts shall be included in the prices for the work for which the access roads and haulroutes are required.

C-010201 SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS

All results of borings, studies, or tests performed for the classification of the subsurface,which are available to the CLIENT, shall be furnished to the CONTRACTOR as part ofthe information pertaining to local conditions at the work site.



Since the CONTRACTOR shall be fully responsible for the structures to be constructed,it would be to his benefit to obtain, at his own expense, whatever additional subsurfaceinformation may be required in order to perform the work in an acceptable manner.

The tests and investigations for classification of the subsurface shall follow the DNERand ABGE standards and also the CLIENTs Standards, Methodology and Guidelinesfor Ecological and Geotechnical Studies.

C-010202 DIFFERING SITE CONDITIONS

The CONTRACTOR shall promptly, and before the conditions are disturbed, give a writtennotice to the CLIENT of (a) subsurface or latent physical conditions at the site whichdiffer greatly from those indicated in this contract, or (b) unknown physical conditionsat the site, of an unusual nature, which differ greatly from those ordinarily encounteredand generally recognized as typical for the area and type of work being performed.

The CLIENT shall investigate the site conditions promptly after receiving the notice. Ifthe conditions do differ greatly and cause an increase or decrease in the CONTRACTORscost of, or the time required for, performing any part of the work under this Contract,whether or not changed as a result of the conditions, a verification of the requirementfor an equitable adjustment shall be made by the CLIENT.

C-010203 POWER FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall make all necessary arrangements andshall provide all power required for construction purposes. This shall include providingall necessary transmission lines, distribution circuits, transformers, and other equipmentrequired for distributing the power to the place or places of use by the CONTRACTOR.

At the termination of the Contract, the CONTRACTOR shall dismantle and remove alldistribution lines serving his installations, or those of his subcontractors, that are notpart of the permanent power installation.

2. Measurement and payment. No separate payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor providing power for construction purposes and the cost shall be included in theprices for the work for which the power is required.

C-010205 WATER FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES

1. Description of the work . The CONTRACTOR shall furnish all water required forconstruction purposes. The CONTRACTOR shall make all arrangements for obtainingwater and provide all means for conveying water to points of use.

Water required for use in concrete and soil cement shall meet the requirements set forthin item (C-040105 - Water).

2. Measurement and payment. No separate payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor furnishing water and providing necessary facilities for conveying water to points ofuse and the costs shall be included in the prices for the work for which the water isrequired.



C-020101 CLEARING AND CLEANING CONSTRUCTION AREAS AND BORROWAREAS

1. Description of the work. Clearing and cleaning construction areas and borrow areasshall include the following:

Clearing all vegetation, including cutting and uprooting of all trees and shrubs. Cutting and stacking of usable timber at locations designated by the ENGINEER. Demolition or removal of small buildings and other structures located within the

construction and borrow areas. Removal of stones, rocks, and other material in the area. Removal and transportation of all materials resulting from the clearing and cleaning

operations to the boundary limits of the cleared areas or to other locations previouslydesignated by the ENGINEER.

Burning of materials resulting from the clearing and cleaning operations whenapproved by the ENGINEER.

Scraping and final cleaning of the top surface layer of the natural ground of allconstruction and borrow areas to a depth of 20 cm to remove any remainingunsuitable material.

All areas to be cleared and cleaned are shown on the drawings or shall be designated bythe ENGINEER.

Usable timber shall be identified by and become the property of the CLIENT.

The CONTRACTOR shall be liable for any damages to adjacent property of others,which are a result of the clearing, cleaning, and disposal operations.

2. Measurement and Payment. Clearing and cleaning construction areas and borrow areasshall be measured to the nearest square meter of area actually cleared and cleaned. Nomeasurement will be made for clearing and cleaning of areas outside the limits designatedby the ENGINEER.

Payment for clearing and cleaning will be made at the unit price per square meterindicated in the Bidding Schedule.

The unit price shall include the cost of all labor, tools and equipment required to performthe work as specified herein.

Under no circumstances will payment be made for clearing an area more than once,therefore it is the CONTRACTORs responsibility to assure that the clearing and cleaningoperations be performed during the appropriate period, so that areas will remain cleanuntil completion of the work.

C-020201 DIVERSION OF RIVER AND CONTROL OF WATER DURINGCONSTRUCTION

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall design, furnish all materials for,construct, operate, and maintain all cofferdams, dikes, channels, flumes, drains, sumps,and pumping equipment that are necessary for the protection of the work against floodsand provide conditions so that the construction can be performed in areas free of water.

The portions of work that will require the diversion and control of the river shall bedesigned based on the topographic, geologic, and hydrologic data included in theSpecifications.



The CONTRACTOR shall be solely responsible for the construction and safety of thecofferdams and for the diversion and control of the river during construction. Damageoccurring during their construction shall be repaired by and at the CONTRACTORsexpense.

Except as otherwise provided, the CONTRACTOR shall not interrupt nor interfere withthe natural flow of the river for any purpose without the approval of the ENGINEER.

The CONTRACTOR shall at all times pass the full flow of the river through the site,except that the CONTRACTOR will be permitted to reduce such flow in the amount ofwater used for construction purposes, as approved by the ENGINEER.

Materials used in the compacted sections of the cofferdams shall be obtained fromdesignated borrow areas or from required excavations.

All of the equipment for the removal of water from the various parts of the work shallhave sufficient capacity to maintain the construction areas free of water, regardless ofits origin.

2. Contractors Plan. At least 15 days before beginning construction of the diversion works,the CONTRACTOR shall submit his plan for the diversion and control of the river forapproval by the ENGINEER.

The CONTRACTORs plan shall include the general and detail plans, as well as pertinentspecifications regarding the cofferdam design and construction; the type and capacityof the equipment for the removal of water from the area; a schedule with the constructionsequence of the diversion and control works;and the methods for the removal of thetemporary works and installations which will not cause damage to the permanentstructures.

Approval of the plan by the ENGINEER does not relieve the CONTRACTOR from fullresponsibility for the adequate accomplishment of the diversion and control operations.

3. Maintenance of the Diversion and Control Works. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish allequipment and personnel necessary for the maintenance and repair of the diversion andcontrol works. Maintenance and repair include, but are not limited to, the removal andsubstitution of inadequate materials and the control and repair of erosion due to piping,undue settlements, erosion and sliding of slopes, and the repair of all structures.

The CONTRACTOR shall perform repairs in accordance with recognized procedures andpractices, approved by the ENGINEER.

4. Control of Water in Excavations for Structures. During excavation for the constructionof hydraulic structures that extend below the water table or which collect water at thebottom of the excavation, the control of water shall not be required until it is about 0.50m above the final surface of the excavation, as long as stability of the excavated slopesis not compromised and no interference is created for the movement of excavation andtransport equipment.

If the excavation operations are suspended due to a high groundwater table, continuationof the excavation shall only be permitted after the water is removed and the groundwatertable is lowered to a minimum depth of 0.50 m below the final excavation surface,unless otherwise approved by the ENGINEER. The dewatering shall be accomplished ina manner that will prevent loss of fines from the foundation.



5. Measurement and Payment. A lump-sum payment will be made for diversion of river andcontrol of water during construction as indicated in the Bidding Schedule. The lump-sum price bid shall include the cost of all labor, equipment, and materials necessary forconstructing and maintaining cofferdams, dikes, channels, flumes, temporary timberings,and other temporary diversion and protective works; removing or leveling such works,where required; and disposing of materials.

Except for lowering the groundwater table in accordance with item (C-020303 - LoweringGroundwater Table), no measurement or payment will be made for control of waterduring construction, and the cost of all work required for maintaining areas free ofwater and dry shall be included in the applicable price in the Bidding Schedule forexcavation.

C-020303 LOWERING GROUNDWATER TABLE

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish, install, maintain, and operateall necessary equipment for the lowering of the groundwater table as required forconstruction of the work. If a plan for lowering the groundwater table is not provided bythe ENGINEER, the CONTRACTOR shall be required to prepare a plan which shall besubmitted for approval to the ENGINEER.

Approval of the plan by the ENGINEER shall in no way relieve the CONTRACTOR fromfull responsibility for the adequacy of the installations used for lowering the groundwatertable.

Installations shall include all components necessary for proper operation, including drains,filters, collectors, hoses, connections, valves, gauges, centrifugal and vacuum pumps,vacuum tanks, and piping and/or conduits to convey the water from the pump dischargeoutlet to its final disposal point.

A complete backup installation shall be available at all times for immediate operation inthe event of a breakdown or malfunction of the equipment being utilized.

The CONTRACTOR shall provide a sufficient number of qualified personnel to operateand maintain the system on a continuous basis in order to prevent damage to the work.

Any discontinuity of the operations must be approved by the ENGINEER.

The CONTRACTOR shall be liable for any damages caused by his operations to existingstructures, whether owned by the CLIENT or by others. The CONTRACTOR shall repairany such damage, at no additional cost to the CLIENT.

2. Types of systems. Some types of drawdown systems available include well-points,deep wells, vaccum systems and drainage by electrosmosis. The CONTRACTOR shalldevelop a system for lowering the groundwater table and submit it to the ENGINEER forapproval.

3. Measurement and payment. If deep wells are approved and utilized for lowering thegroundwater table, an estimate shall be made of the actual number of linear meters ofwell drilled for each diameter of well, as approved by the ENGINEER.

Payment for drilling deep wells will be made at the applicable unit prices per linear meterfor each diameter well indicated in the Bidding Schedule for these indefinite quantities.The unit prices shall include cost of all work and materials required for drilling the wells.



The lowering of the groundwater table by a deep well system or by any other type ofsystem shall be measured for payment on the basis of the actual number of hours ofoperation of the system as approved by the ENGINEER.

Payment shall be made at the unit price per hour of operation indicated in the BiddingSchedule.

The unit prices shall include the cost of all labor, equipment, and materials required forfurnishing, installing, maintaining, and operating the system.

No separate payment shall be made for any type of tests or trial runs required prior toimplementation and operation of the system.

C-020304 SYSTEMS FOR LOWERING GROUND-WATER TABLE

1. General. The type of system selected for lowering the ground-water table shall dependon factors such as soil permeability; excavation depth; location of watertable; durationof drawdown and type of work foundations located near the drawdown operation. Thefollowing discussion regarding specific types of systems for lowering the ground-watertable is provided for the CONTRACTORs information. The actual system used shall bedependent upon the conditions encountered and shall be approved by the ENGINEER.

1.1 Well-Points. Well-points consist of small diameter pipes (1 1/2 to 2 1/2"),30 to 100 cmlong, perforated, and wrapped in a small mesh screen.

Well-points are usually driven into the ground by means of high pressure water jets,through holes at their lower end.

Well-points are connected to pipes of the same diameter, which are in turn connected,on the ground surface, to a collecting/header pipe of larger diameter by means of flexiblecanaflex-type pipes that permit observation of water flow. Gate valves are welded tothe header pipe which allow each individual well-point to be turned off for cleaning.

The header pipe is connected to a pump unit that removes the water from the headerpipe, and also air that eventually enters the well-point.

If the soil is less permeable or enough water is not available, well-points may be installedinside holes of larger diameters with the space between the hole walls and the wellpoints filled with adequate filter material.

The lower ends of the well-points, for a single stage system, shall be at the sameelevation.

1.2 Deep Wells. Deep wells are wells with a diameter from 300 to 600 mm within which asteel pipe of 150 to 300 mm in diameter is installed. The steel pipe is capped at the baseand perforated along a certain length, which is the draining portion of the well.

At the lower end of the pipe a centrifugal vertical axis pump is installed. The pump isconnected to an electrical motor (for submergerd type pumps) whose capacity shall bedetermined on the basis of local hydrogeological conditions at the site and as a functionof head.

The spacing between wells shall vary from 5 to 20 m, depending on soil permeabilityand drawdown required.



Since the pumps must have a substantial capacity, the system shall be operatedintermittently. Thus, a relay system shall be installed in each well that will turn thepump on when the water level reaches a given maximum elevation and turns it off whenthe minimum predetermined elevation is attained so that the pump always operatessubmerged.

Deep wells shall be used in fairly permeable soils, such as gravel or sandy soils, wherewater infiltrates into the wells freely, by gravity.

1.3 Vacuum System. The adhesion and capilarity of soils with low permeability (k = 10-3 to10-5 cm/seg), such as fine sand, silty sand or silt obstruct water percolation. The solutionis to apply a vacuum, regardless of the drainage system being used, i.e. well-points ordeep wells.

If well-points are being used, they shall be installed inside filtering wells. The draininglength of the filtering wells shall be slightly longer than that of the well-point and theupper portion sealed off with impermeable material (bentonite and kneaded clay). Vacuumis then applied at the header pipe.

If deep wells are being used, the draining length shall also be controlled. Vacuum isapplied to the internal piping where the pump is located between seal joints, installed inthe well pipe, to keep the air out.

When vacuum is applied to drawdown systems, a pressure gradient is created betweenthe inside of the well and the adjacent subsurface area (which is subjected to atmosphericpressure), forcing the water to percolate into the well, to be pumped out by the centrifugalpump.

1.4 Electrosmosis. In fine soils, such as silts, clay silts and fine silt-clay sands, withpermeability coefficients from 10-5 to 10-7 cm/seg, the drawdown methods previouslydescribed will not function. Nevertheless, these soils may be drained by means of wellsor well-points, together with an electric current passing through the soil. This method isknown as electrosmosis.

Two electrodes are placed into the satured soil, with an electric current flowing betweenthem. The water in the soil between the eletrodes migrates from the positive electrode(anode) to the negative electrode (cathode). If well-points are made to function as acathode, water will percolate into the wells and can be pumped out.

This process may be used for stabilizing excavated surfaces in saturated soils since thewater will percolate towards the well-points installed outside the excavation and willcreate percolation forces that increase slope stability.

C-020401 SITE DRAINAGE

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall handle all flows from natural drainagechannels intercepted by the work being performed under these Specifications. TheCONTRACTOR shall provide and maintain any temporary drainage installations orstructures required to bypass or otherwise cause the flows to be harmless to the workand adjacent property. When the temporary drainage installations or structures are nolonger needed and prior to acceptance of the work, the CONTRACTOR shall remove thetemporary installations or structures and restore the site to its original condition asapproved by the ENGINEER.



2. Measurement and payment. No separate payment will be made to the CONTRACTORfor temporary drainage installations or structures. The cost of all work and materialsspecified herein shall be included in the prices bid in the Bidding Schedule for the itemsof work which require temporary drainage installations or structures.

C-020501 FENCES

1. Description of the work. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish and erect fences, includinggates and cattleguards, at the locations shown on the drawings and in accordance withthe requirements of this Specification.

Fences shall consist of posts and braces that may be of wood or reinforced concrete,with barbed or smooth wire, or chain link fabric.

2. Materials.

2.1 Wooden posts and braces. Posts and braces of hardwood (Aroeira, Sabi, Pau-Fuso,Barauna, or Corao-de-Negro, or other woods of similar quality), with diameters ofaproximately 25 cm and 15 cm, respectively.

The lower half of posts and braces shall be given a preservative treatment.

Posts and braces shall be chamfered at the top and trimmed at the base, straight, andfree of cracks and any other defects that would make them inadequate for fences.

Posts and braces shall be 2.50 m and 2.20 m in length, respectively.

2.2 Reinforced concrete posts and braces. Posts and braces for wire fences shall havesquare cross-sections of 20 x 20 cm and 12 x 12 cm,respectively. Lengths shall be2.50 m and 2.20 m,respectively. Posts for chain link fence shall have a square cross-section of 15 x 15 cm and length of 2.5 m. Concrete strength shall be equal to or higherthan 15.0 MPa.

Reinforcement shall consist of spiral-shaped stirrups (3 mm diameter wire, at 20 cmspacing) and longitudinal bars (6 - 6.3 mm diameter bars for wire fence posts and 4 -6.3 mm diameter bars for braces and chain link fence posts), symmetrically arranged.Minimum concrete cover shall be 2 cm.

Concrete shall consist of good quality materials, in a batch that yields a dense andhomogeneous concrete, with good appearance, and with acceptable results in absorptiontests, according to ABNT s NB-221 standards. The absorption test is required to guaranteedurability of the posts and braces.

2.3 Cattle-guards. Cattle-guards shall be constructed with 4" x 2" I-section structural steel,orwith steel rails, supported by reinforced concrete beams. Concrete beam and steel raildimensions shall be as shown on the drawings.

Cattle-guards shall be 2.5 m in length and 4 m in width.

2.4 Gates. Gates shall be 2.5 m wide and made of hardwood (sucupira, ip, peroba, etc).Gates shall be built with two vertical boards, 7 x 12 cm in cross-section and 1.6 m longand with three boards 2.5 x 1.5 cm in cross-section and the same length as that of thegate opening, installed horizontally, and one board 2.5 x 7 cm in cross section, installeddiagonally.



2.5 Barbed wire. The barbed wire shall be MOTO brand, or equal, galvanized barbed wire.The number of strands of wire and the spacing shall be as specified on the drawings.

2.6 Smooth wire. The smooth wire shall be high strength carbon steel smooth wire, withoval cross-section and 3x2.4 mm or 2.7x2.2 mm gage. The wire shall be erected throughholes in the posts and braces. The number of wire strands shall be as specified on thedrawings.

2.7 Chain link. Chain link fabric shall be galvanized, with square mesh and dimensions asspecified on the drawings.

2.8 Stays. Stays shall be of high strength carbon steel wire.Stays may be off-the-shelf,with a wire gage of 4 mm. Stays may also be made of fence wire and metal fasteners.

The ends of the wire stay shall be wrapped around the first and last wire strand, similarto the off-the-shelf stays.

The metal fasteners shall be used for clamping the stays to the intermediate wire strands.

Metal fasteners shall be kneaded for clamping the stays to the fence wires.

Distances between stays shall be 2 to 3 m.

2.9 Ratchets. There shall be one ratchet for each wire strand.

Ratchets may be fastened to posts, as needed.

Ratchets fastened to posts shall be classified as simple or double.

Double ratchets are recommended for fastening and stretching fence sections of equallengths.

Ratchets which are not fastened to posts, called free ratchets, are tied to posts by thesame wire used for the fence.

3. Erection.

3.1 Cleaning of Fence Strip. A 6 meter-wide strip shall be cleaned to facilitate fence erectionand subsequent maintenance, and to provide protection against fires. Cleaning shall bein accordance with item (C-020101 - Clearing and Cleaning Construction Areas andBorrow Areas).

3.2 Wire Fences with Wooden Posts. Posts shall be properly aligned and vertical, and backfillshall be placed and compacted such that displacement does not occur.

Fences shall be 1.5 m high and posts shall be buried 1 meter into the ground. Braceposts shall be buried 70 cm into the ground.

The distance between posts shall be up to 1.0 meter for barbed wire and up to 10.0meters for smooth wire. There shall be a post at all locations where there is a change inhorizontal or vertical alignment. Braces shall be aproximately 10 meters apart.

For property boundaries and calf enclosures, five wire strands shall be used and thespacing between strands shall be 30 cm.



For beef cattle pasture boundaries, four wire strands shall be used and the spacingbetween strands shall be 37.5 cm.

For dairy cattle pasture boundaries, three or four wire strands shall be used and thespacing between strands shall be 50 or 37.5 cm, respectively.

Fences around pastures used for goats or sheep shall have nine strands of wire,aproximately 16.7 cm apart.

Posts shall be stayed by female topped braces, fastened with No. 18 AWG galvanizedwire and counter-braced with boards.

Wires shall be drawn tight with ratchets fastened to the posts.

Spacing between wire strands shall be maintained by means of wire or wooden stays.Barbed wire shall be fastened to posts by means of galvanized steel staples.

3.3 Wire Fences with Reinforced Concrete Posts. Posts shall be properly aligned and vertical,and backfill shall be placed compacted such that no dislocation occurs.

Posts shall be stayed by female topped braces, fastened with No. 18 AWG galvanizedwire and braced with a reinforced concrete beam.

The distance between posts shall be up to 1.0 meter for barbed wire and up to 10.0meters for smooth wire. There shall be a post at all locations where there is a change inhorizontal or vertical alignment.

Fences shall be 1.5 m high and posts shall be buried 1 meter into the ground. Braceposts shall be buried 70 cm into the ground. Braces shall be aproximately 10 metersapart.

The number of wire strands for fences with reinforced concrete posts shall be the sameas specified for fences with wooden posts.

If barbed wire is used, the wire shall be fastened to posts and braces by means of astrap of smooth galvanized No. 14 AWG.

The tightening and spacing of strands shall be performed as specified above for wirefences with wooden posts.

Strands shall be fastened by means of a brace of smooth galvanized No. 14 AWG wire.3.4 Chain Link Fence. Posts for fastening the fabric shall be made of reinforced concrete,

with cross-section of 15x15 cm and length of 2.6 m. Fences shall be 1.8 high and postsshall be buried 70 cm into the ground. Posts shall be properly aligned and vertical andshall be set in concrete of at least 150 kg/m3 m so that no displacement occurs.

Concrete strength for the posts shall be 15.0 MPa or greater.

Reinforcement shall consist of helicoidal-shaped stirrups (3 mm diameter wire at 20 cmintervals) and longitudinal bars (4 - 6.3 mm diameter) symmetrically placed.Posts shall be approximately 2 meters apart. Three high strength carbon steel smoothwire strands with oval cross-section of 3x2.4 mm gage shall be used to fasten thefabric. The strands shall be installed along the top, middle and bottom lines of the fabric.



For fastening the fabric to the smooth wires, wire ties of smooth galvanized No. 14AWG wire shall be used.

4. Measurement and payment. Fences shall be measured by linear meters and gates andcattle-guards shall be measured by installed units, in accordance with the details shownon the drawings.

Payment for fences, gates, and cattleguards shall be made to the CONTRACTOR at theapplicable unit price indicated in the Bidding Schedule.

The unit prices for fences, gates , and cattleguards shall include the cost of all labor,equipment and materials required to perform the work as specified herein, except forcleaning.

Payment for cleaning of the fence strip shall be in accordance with item (C-020101 -Clearing and Cleaning Construction Areas and Borrow Areas).



SECTION -EARTHWORK

C-030100 EARTHWORK, GENERAL

The CONTRACTOR shall immediately cease all earthwork operations when unusual orunexpected subsurface conditions are encountered such as sink holes, low-load carryingcapacity soils, or other conditions which have not been identified in the Project designs.The ENGINEER will evaluate the conditions and determine if any design and/or constructionchanges are necessary. Any increase or decrease in contract costs shall be made inaccordance with item (C-010202 - Differing Site Conditions).

C-030101 CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION

1. General. The principal criteria that will be used in the classification of materials excavatedwill be the difficulty of removal or the resistance to excavation of the material. Thus, theclassification is based on the equipment required to economically excavate the material.

Excavation will be classified in the categories listed below.

2. Material in the 1st category. Materials in the 1st category include all deposits which areloose or moderately cohesive, such as gravels, sands, silts, clays, or mixtures thereof,with or without organic materials, formed by natural aggregation, that can be excavatedwith hand tools or with conventional excavation equipment. Included in the lst categoryare rock fragments, loose rock, or cobbles that have diameters equal to or less than 15cm, regardless of the moisture content, and, in general, any material that can not beclassified as 2nd or 3rd category, as described below.

3. Material in the 2nd category. Materials in the 2nd category include those with a lowerresistance to mechanical excavation than that of solid rock. Excavation shall be performedby a combination of methods that involve ripping equipment,blasting or other equivalentprocesses. Blocks of rock, boulders, or cobbles with diameters greater than 15 cm andequal to or less than 1 meter are included in this category.

4. Material in the 3rd category. Materials in the 3rd category include those natural formationsthat result from the natural aggregation of mineral grains, bonded by permanent cohesiveforces of great intensity, with a resistance to mechnical excavation equal to that ofsolid rock.

To be classified as rock the material must have hardness and texture such that it cannot be loosened or broken down with hand tools and can only be removed by blasting,wedges, steel bars or rods, or by other similar means.



Included in this category are those rock fragments, blocks of rock, or boulders whichhave diameters greater than 1 meter.

5. Excavation in very soft soils. Excavations in very soft soils are those performed insaturated material with low strengh (less than one blow per 30 cm of the SPT), and areincompatible for excavation by conventional earthmoving equipment. This type ofexcavation will require the use of draglines or other similar equipment.

6. Measurements. The classification of the excavations and the estimation of percentagesof material in each category shall be performed by the Engineer.

When the volume of material to be classified is composed of 1st and 2nd categorymaterials, the percentage of each of these materials in the overall volume shall beestimated.

Excavations which have mixtures of 3rd category materials with those of the othercategories, with poorly defined limits or boundaries, will receive special attention fromthe Engineer in order to permit a just classification of the excavated materials.

If 3rd category material is verified in an excavation, after 1st and 2nd category materialshave been removed, the surface shall be surveyed and when removal of the 3rd categorymaterial is concluded another survey shall be performed in order to determine theexcavated volumes.

The CONTRACTOR may utilize the excavation method he considers most convenientand productive, since the method of excavation will not influence the classification ofthe material.

C-030102 DEFINITION OF EARTH MATERIALS

1. Materials for compacted embankments. Materials to be used in embankments shall beproduced from required excavations or from borrow areas shown on the drawings orapproved by the ENGINEER. Embankment materials shall be free from organic matter,mica, and under no circumstance shall peat, organic clays, and expansive or collapsiblesoils be used. All materials shall have good workability and shall be impermeable whencompacted. Suitable soils include GW-SW, GP-SP, GM-SM, and GC-SC, as described inthe Unified Soil Classification System. 1.1 Soils suitable for embankment constructionare those in which 90% of the materials, by weight, have diameters less than 10centimeters and a maximum of 35% of the material passes the ASTM No. 200 sievesize.

The material passing the ASTM No. 200 sieve size shall comply with one of thefollowing requirements:X Liquid Limit - LL 35, orX Liquid Limit - LL 40 and Plasticity Index - PI (0.6 LL - 9).

The California Bearing Ratio index shall be greater than 5. Maximum density obtained in the Normal Proctor Test shall be greater than 1,700

grams/dm3.

1.2 Soils marginally suitable for embankment construction are those in which a maximum of25% of the materials, measured by weight, have diameters greater than 15 centimeters.

The material passing the ASTM No. 40 sieve size shall comply with one of thefollowing requirements:



X Liquid Limit - LL 35, orX Liquid Limit - LL 65 and Plasticity Index - PI (0.6 LL - 9).X The California Bearing Ratio index shall be greater than 3.X Maximum density obtained in the Normal Proctor Test shall be greater than

1,500 grams/dm3 .

1.3 Soils unsuitable for embankment construction are those with high contents of organicmatter, peat, humus, roots, or any other similar matter. Soils whose organic mattercontent is greather than 4%, by weight, and a California Bearing Ratio index lower than3, or those whose expansion is greather than 2%, as determined by the CaliforniaBearing Ratio test, shall be defined as unacceptable soils for embankment construction.

2. Earth materials in contact with concrete. No material with sulfate content, expressed inSO3 higher than 0.2% shall be used for embankment or fill in contact with any type ofconcrete work.

3. Materials for soil-cement. Materials used for soil-cement shall have the followingcharacteristics:

Liquid limit ........................................................................................ 40 % Plasticity index .................................................................................. 18 % % smaller than the No. 200 sieve size .................................................. 50 %

Soil-cement shall be prepared in concrete mixers and shall have a minimum CaliforniaBearing Ratio index of 30% and maximum expansion of 1%.

4. Materials for backfill about structures and in pipe trenches. Materials obtained fromrequired excavations may be used for backfill provided that the requirements specifiedherein are met. When excavated materials are not suitable for backfill, materials fromborrow areas shall be used. Such borrow materials shall consist of clean, natural, siliciumsands and gravel or materials from stone crushing operations and shall have a gradationconforming to the following:

eziSeveiSMTSA thgiewyb,eziseveisehtgnissaP%

"2/11 001

"4/3 001-59

01.oN 001-06

02.oN 05-0

002.oN 02-0

In areas where the bottom of the trench or structure foundation is below the groundwatertable or where effective drainage is needed as determined by the ENGINEER, backfillmaterials shall consist of silicium gravel and sand, resistant to water and weathering,and shall have a gradation conforming to the following:

eziSeveiSMTSA thgiewyb,eziseveisehtgnissaP%

"2/11 001

"4/3 001-59

01.oN 52-0

02.oN 50-0



Material from required excavations shall generally be acceptable for backfill provided itis free from roots, organic matter, and decayable substances. Except as provided initem (C-030102 - Backfill in Pipe Trenches), rock or clods shall not exceed 7.5 cm;plasticity index shall be less than 10; and no more than 20 % of the material, by weight,shall pass the No. 200 sieve size; unless otherwise indicated on the drawings.

C-030103 BLASTING

1. Description of the work. If blasting is required, it shall be approved by the ENGINEER.The CONTRACTOR shall submit to the ENGINEER, for approval, a blasting plan to befollowed for excavation by blasting.

The blasting plan shall include, as a minimum, the location and time of the blast, thevolume of excavation anticipated, the type and amount of explosive, and the location,depth, and spacing of holes. Approval of the plan shall in no way relieve the CONTRACTORfrom full responsibility for the adequacy and safety of the work.

Blasting will not be allowed if there is a possibility of excessive fracturing of surroundingmaterials or of loosening or damaging adjacent foundations or structures.

Transportation and storage of explosives shall be performed and supervised by dulyqualified personnel and only after securing authorization from the proper authorities.

Fuses and detonators of any type shall not be transported in the same vehicles or storedin the same facility as explosives. The location and arrangement of powder magazines,as well as transportation methods shall be approved by the ENGINEER.

Blasting shall always be performed in strict compliance with existing laws applicable towork being performed under these Specifications.

The handling and use of explosives shall not be allowed when an electrical storm isimpending or during a storm.

2. Measurement and payment. No measurement or payment shall be made to theCONTRACTOR for blasting, and the cost shall be included in the unit prices indicated inthe Bidding Schedule for the items requiring this work.

Note to Specifiers: This Specification should be used in cases where the use of explosivesis not anticipated, except that the use of explosives may be necessary due to unforseenconditions. C-030201

C-030201 EXCAVATION FOR CANALS AND DRAINS

1. Description of the work. Excavation for canals and drains shall be performed in accordancewith the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the drawings or established by theENGINEER.

Excavation for canals and drains shall include the following:

All excavation performed below the natural ground surface, or below the surfaceafter scraping, to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the drawings.

In the case of canals and drains constructed in embankment, all excavationperformed from the top of the fill to the lines, grades and dimensions shown onthe drawings.



(When required in the project specification and designs, excavation for canals and drainsshall include required excavation for adjacent O & M road sections.)

In order to obtain materials from the required excavation which are suitable for theconstruction of embankments or other earthwork, or for use as concrete aggregate, theCONTRACTOR shall perform selective excavation, and transport the material to designatedpoints of use or stockpiles, as directed by the ENGINEER.

Excavation for canals and drains shall be performed with adequ-ate mechanical equipment.Depending on the types of materials encountered in natural ground, the CONTRACTORmay use explosives when approved by the ENGINEER. All necessary precautions shallbe taken to minimize disturbing or loosening of the rock and/or ground adjacent to therequired excavation.

Except as otherwise provided below for small canals and drains, trimming and shapingof canals and drains shall be performed and paid for in accordance with item (C-040201- Trimming and Shaping of Canal).

Excavation for canals and drains shall be classified in accordance with item (C-030101-Classification of Excavation).

Small canals or drains shall be indicated on the drawings or designated as such by theENGINEER. Whenever possible, small canals and drains shall be excavated bymechanical equipment or machinery with buckets or scoops shaped like the canal ordrain sections shown on the drawings.

The bottom and side slope surfaces of small canals and drains in excavation or incompacted embankments that are to receive concrete lining, shall be carefully trimmedto the lines and dimensions shown on the drawings or as directed by the ENGINEER.The CONTRACTOR shall perform the excavation in a manner to assure the stability ofexcavated slopes. In order to minimize any possible stability problems, the CONTRACTORshall start the lining operations as soon as possible after the completion of excavation.The refilling of any excess excavation shall be made in accordance with item (C-040201- Trimming and Shaping Canal).

2. Tolerances. The following tolerances shall be permitted:

Canals. Deviation from design sections: + 2 cm Drains (and road sections). Deviation from design sections + 5 cm

These tolerances shall only be permitted when they occur gradually and uniformly alongthe alignment or grade.

3. Measurement and payment. Excavation for canals and drains shall be measured bycubic meters of material excavated to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on thedrawings or established by the ENGINEER. Measurement of excavation for canals anddrains shall be performed using the Average End Area Method, between stations at 20meter intervals, or at other intervals, as determined by the ENGINEER. Measurementswill be taken before and after excavation.

The ENGINEER will classify materials encountered while the excavation is being performedfor subsequent calculation of the quantities that correspond to each type of material.No measurement or payment shall be made for any excavation that the ENGINEERconsiders to be in excess of that necessary for the adequate execution of the work.



Payment for excavation for canals and drains shall be made to the CONTRACTOR at theapplicable unit price per cubic meter of classified material excavated as indicated in theBidding Schedule for the haul distances listed below:

Up to ____1 mfrom ____ 1 m to ____ 1 mfrom ____ 1 m to 1000 m

Haul distances shall be measured between the centers of gravity of the material excavatedand the material placed or deposited. When the haul distance required is greater than1000 m, as approved by the ENGINEER, the haul of such material shall be paid for asspecified in item (C-030213 - Overhaul).

The unit prices shall include the cost of all labor, equipment and materials required toperform the work as specified herein, including loading, hauling, unloading and spreadingof materials, as needed.

1 - Haul distances shall be determined by the design engineer.

C-030203 EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES

1. Description of the work. Excavation for structures shall be performed in accordancewith the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the drawings or established by theENGINEER.

Excavation for structures shall include all excavation required for the structures belowthe original ground surface, or below the surface after scraping, including any finaltrimming required for placing forms and concrete.

Excavation for structures may be performed manually or with mechanical equipment.Depending on the types of materials encountered, the CONTRACTOR may use explosiveswhen approved by the ENGINEER.

All necessary precautions shall be taken to minimize disturbing or loosening of the rockand/or ground adjacent to the required excavation. All excavation performed for theconvenience of the CONTRACTOR, or in excess of that required, for any reason exceptfor additional excavation directed by the ENGINEER, shall be at the expense of theCONTRACTOR, including the cost for refilling the excess excavation (with lean concrete).

Excavation for structures shall be classified in accordance with item (C-030101 -Classification for Excavation).

The CONTRACTOR shall be required to excavate all drainage or interceptor ditches andprovide all other drainage installations necessary to maintain the excavations in goodorder during construction and to protect concrete foundations from damage.

All excavated materials which the ENGINEER considers suitable for use in other parts ofthe work, which are in excess of the requirements for backfill about the structure, shallbe hauled by the CONTRACTOR to the site where the materials will be used or topreviously selected locations. All unsuitable materials shall be hauled to the waste areasshown on the drawings or to locations approved by the ENGINEER. Materials depositedin waste banks shall be left with reasonably even and regular surfaces as approved bythe ENGINEER.



Excavation performed for concrete foundations shall be controlled through the verificationof the specified lines and dimensions.

2. Measurement and payment. Excavation for structures shall be measured by cubic meterof material excavated to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the drawings orestablished by the ENGINEER.

The ENGINEER will classify the materials enc

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