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8/20/2019 Ergomia y Biomecanica
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TEMA 8:TEMA 8:
ERGONOMIERGONOMI
AA
Y Y
BIOMECANIBIOMECANI
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BIOMECANIBIOMECANI INDICEINDICE
1.ERGONOMIA1.1 CONCEPTO DE ERGONOMIA Y BIOMECANICA1.2 TES E IMPORTANCIA DE LA ERGONOMIA1.3 TEMAS DE ESTUDIO1.4 ASPECTOS A ANALIZAR1.5 ESTUDIO ERGONOMICO
2. ESTRUCTURAS IMPLICADAS EN EL MANEJO DECARGAS: COLUMNA VERTEBRAL2.1 FUNCIONES DE LA COLUMNA VERTEBRAL2.2 ESTRUCTURA2.3 VERTEBRAS2.4 DISCOS INTERVERTEBRALES2.5 SISTEMA MUSCULAR Y COLUMNA VERTEBRAL2.6 CARACTERISTICAS BIOMECANICAS ELEMENTOS COLUMNA2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
2.8 HIGIENE POSTURAL
3. PUNTOS IMPORTANTES4.CURIOSIDADES5.BIBLIOGRAFIA Y WEBGRAFIA
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1.ERGONOMIA1.ERGONOMIA1.1 CONCEPTO DE ERGONOMIA Y BIOMECANICA
1.2 TES E IMPORTANCIA DE LA ERGONOMIA
1.3 TEMAS DE ESTUDIO
1.4 ASPECTOS A ANALIZAR
1.5 ESTUDIO ERGONOMICO !"#$% $&'%(%)"* (*+%.)+4
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1.1 CONCEPTO DE1.1 CONCEPTO DE
ERGONOMIAERGONOMIAE&'%(%),*- $&)"(% /0$ +&%!"$($ #$ *+**&* '&"$'* ergon &**% nomos $(%&)*.
E0#"* * *#*+*9":( #$ &**% * ;%)&$+*&* $!"*& #"9$& )$9>("9% /0$ $?"$ $( % $&$!"!%
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I)+%&*($ +*&* +&%
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1.3 TEMAS DE ESTUDIO1.3 TEMAS DE ESTUDIO
T%#% % /0$ "(0$( $( * "($&*99":( $(&$ *+$&%(* $ &**% /0$ &$*"*-
D$)*(#* $($&'@"9* #$ * *9"!"#*#.
P%0&* )%!")"$(%
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1.4 ASPECTOS A1.4 ASPECTOS A
ANALIZARANALIZARA(>"" #$ &**% #$)*(#* #$ * *&$*.
C%(%9")"$(% 9*+*9"#*#$
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1.5 ESTUDIO1.5 ESTUDIO
ERGONOMICOERGONOMICOH* /0$-A(*"*& *&$*
C%(%9$& 9*&*9$&,"9* 9*+*9"#*#$ +$&%(*$
E!*0*& $(%&(% 9%(#"9"%($ &**%
V*%&*& 9*&'* &**% #$&"!*#*
R$*"*& #"$% % &$#"$% &**%
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ESUEMAESUEMA
ERGONOMIAERGONOMIAOBETIVOS
ERGONOMIA
S$'0&"#*# B"$($*& E=9*9"*
I(9&$)$(*&* 9*"#*# #$!"#* * &*!@ #$-
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2. ESTRUCTURAS IMPLICADAS ENEL MANEJO DE CARGAS: COLUMNAVERTEBRAL2.1 FUNCIONES DE LA COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
2.2 ESTRUCTURA
2.3 VERTEBRAS2.4 DISCOS INTERVERTEBRALES
2.5 SISTEMA MUSCULAR Y COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
2.6 CARACTERISTICAS BIOMECANICAS ELEMENTOS COLUMNA
2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
2.8 HIGIENE POSTURAL
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2.1 FUNCIONES COLUMNAVERTEBRALF0(9"%(* 9%)% 0(* !*&* $?"$
*$&*)$($ &%*& %&$ 0 $$. K0@ $$)$(%S%$($& $ 90$&+% +$&)""& 0 )%!")"$(%S%+%&$ #$ * 9*$* )"$)&% 0+$&"%&$ &%(9%E/0""&"%
F0(9":( +&%$9%&* #$ * )$#0* $+"(*L0'*& "($&9":( #$ 9%"* 9"(0&* +$!"*(* )90% #$
* $+*#*.P$&)"$ &$*"*& )%!")"$(% #$ &%(9% $( %#* *
#"&$99"%($ +%"$ #$ $?":( $?$(":( *$&*"*9":( &%*9":(. $$)+%
S0)"("&* "($&9"%($ * '&0+% )090*&$ +*&* )*($($&$>"9* * 9%0)(*.
A)%&"'0* * *99":( #$ * 9*&'* *%&"$(#% * *99":( #")"(0$(#% $ &"$'% #$ $":(
C*&*9$&,"9* 9%0)(*- &$"$(9"* /0$ $ #* % $$)$(%
=&%"'*)$(%% /0$ #* 0(":( )0 %"#* $(&$ *!$&$&* $*"9"#*#
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2.2 ESTRUCTURAF%&)*#* +%& 33 !$&$&* $+*&*#* +%& #"9%
"($&!$&$&*$- 7 9$&!"9*$$( &$'":( 90$% 12 #%&*$% %&>9"9* $( &$'":( +%$&"%& 9** %&>9"9* 50)*&$%+%&$ #$ * +%&9":( "(
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2.2 ESTRUCTURAC0&!* 9%0)(*-
L%%" 9$&!"9*
L%%" #%&* % %&>9"9*
L%%" 0)*&
C0&!*0&* *9&*
=* +%& * %#*#0&* #$=(""!* #$ * !$&$&* *9&* 9%?"
F0(9"%($ 90&!*0&*- *0)$(*& &$"$(9"* #$ *9%0)(* "9* #$ 90$&+%#$9%)+%("$(#% * &*()"":( #$ *
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2.3 VERTEBRASH0$% /0$
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2.3 VERTEBRASL*)"(*
A+:=" $+"(%* +&%)"($(9"* +%$&"%&
A+:=" &*(!$&* +&%)"($(9"* *$&*$
C0$&+%
C*(* )$#0*&*'0$&% 9$(&* % *'0$&% #$ 9%(0(9":( %90+*#% +%& * )$#0*
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2.4 DISCOS INTERVERTEBRALESE&090&* #$ (*0&*$* =&%9*&"*'"(%* 9%( *90* $ *&"90* 9*#* !$&$&*. A)%&"'0* *+&$":( $(&$ % 90$&+% !$&$&*$.
F%&)*#% +&"(9"+*)$($ +%&-
A'0* 9%>'$(% 9@0*
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2.4 DISCOS INTERVERTEBRALES
P&$$(*-U(* +*&$ 9$(&*- (9$% +0+%% 0*(9"* *(9* +0+%* )0
$>"9* 2
Y 0(* +*&$ +$&"
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2.5 SISTEMA MUSCULAR Y COLUMNA
VERTEBRALP&%+%&9"%(* $&090&* *+%% )%!")"$(% * * $+*#*.
M90% /0$ "($&!"$($( $( )%!""#*#-
P*&*!$&$&*$ /0$ $ 9%%"(*( 9%( % )90%*#%)"(*$ +%* +*&* )*($($& * $+*#* &$9*
A#%)"(*$
G$% =*( 9%0)(* * * +$!" #*( $*""#*# I/0"%""*$
1. M90% *#%)"(*$2. M90% +%*3. M90% '$%4. M90% +*&*!$&$&*$
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2.6 CARACTERISTICASBIOMECANICAS ELEMENTOSCOLUMNA
L% ;0$% #"9% "($&!$&$&*$ "'*)$(%%( )*$&"*$ !"#$%&'()#*%$- 0 +&%+"$#*#$)$9>("9* !*&,*( $'( * %&"$(*9":( 9%( * /0$$ *+"/0$( *
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2.6 CARACTERISTICAS BIOMECANICAS
ELEMENTOS COLUMNAE( $?":(-
$ #"9% $ #$+** ;*9"* *&>
E( $?$(":(- $ #"9% $ #$+** ;*9"* #$*($
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2.6 CARACTERISTICAS BIOMECANICAS
ELEMENTOS COLUMNAE( *$&*"*9":(- $ #"9% $ #$+**
;*9"* $ *#% 9%(&*&"%
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
E #%%& #$ $+*#* +0$#$ $& 9%($90$(9"*#$ 0(* *$&*9":( #$ * $&090&* !$&$&* #$ )*% ;>"% +%0&*$ % +0$#$ $&
#$&"!*#% +%& * *0$(9"* #$ 0(* )090*0&*+%$($ $(&$(*#*.
E #%%& #$ $+*#* +0$#$ $& 9*0*#% +%&-
F"0&* +&%0"%($ ;$&("*C%(&*90&* )090*&$ #$$(9*#$(*#*
+%& %&$9*&'* +%0&*$ $
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
E$*%+#%$#$- #$!"*9":( *$&* #$ * 9%0)(*!$&$&*
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
,#)-'+%'/%$#$- *0)$(% #$ * 9%(9*!"#*#+%$&"%& #$ * 9%0)(* !$&$&*(%&)*)$($ $( * %(* 0)*& *0(/0$*)"@( +0$#$ #*&$ $( * %(* 9$&!"9*.
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
D-0-"-'!*#(" /#$*!+ % !'&'%$#$ -'&-'!+-#$'$($&*9":( #$ (9$% +0+%% #$ #"9%"($&!$&$&* /0$ +"$$ #$("#*# '&%%&. C%()*% ;>"% %&$+$% $
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
F"0&* +&%&0":( ;$&("* #"9*F#$'!- #$'*&&% #$ * $(!0$* =&%* #$ #"9%"($&!$&$&*.1
P'%&'$#("- #$
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2.7 PATOLOGIAS COLUMNA VERTEBRAL
L!0%- "&&"*9":( #$ ($&!"% &*/0,#$% #$% ("!$$ 12 #%&* 1 0)*& 9%("'0"$($ 9%(&*90&* #$ * )090*0&*/0$ "($&!*( $( $ >&$* 0)*& +*&$ ** #$
* (*'*.
C#*!- "&&"*9":( #$ ($&!"% 9">"9%. O9*"%(*#%%&$ /0$ +0$#$( "& #$#$ * (*'* ;** $+"$.
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2.8 HIGIENE POSTURAL
S"&!$ +*&* +&$!$("& #%%&$ #$ $+*#*.S0 =(*"#*# $ &$#09"& * 9*&'* /0$ %+%&* * $+*#*$( 0 *9"!"#*#$ #"*&"*.
L* ;"'"$($ +%0&* $ *+&$(#$& * &$*"*& % $
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2.8 HIGIENE POSTURALP%"9":(- $(*#% #0&*($ 0( *&'% +$&"%#% #$
"$)+%- $+*#* &$9* *0&* "* )$**#$90*#%
M*("+0*9":( 9*&'*- $)* P$&%(* /0$ ;**( 0
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2.8 HIGIENE POSTURAL
D")"(0"& &"$'% 0
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3.PUNTOS3.PUNTOS
IMPORTANTESIMPORTANTESK0@ $ * $&'%(%),*
KP%& /0@ $ ")+%&*($ +*&*!%%&%
E&090&* ")+"9*#* $( $ )*($%#$ 9*&'*- 9%0)(* !$&$&* !$&$&* #"9% "($&!$&$&*$
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4. CURIOSIDADES4. CURIOSIDADES6P%' 7 !+ -"-9-*-' $- )-/-" )-'/-'!$&! 25 *. /- !+&'!;
6P%' 7 )%/-%$ !-"&!' !$&! 2*. /- !+&'! /'!"&- +! "%*-;
6P%' 7- +%$ !$&'%"!&!$ !-"&!" /-!+&'! *!"/% -$&" -" *%"/#*#%"-$ /-#"0'!#/-
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BIBLIOGRAFIA YBIBLIOGRAFIA Y
WEBGRAFIAWEBGRAFIABIBLIOGRAFIA
. R*)%( #$ E"* G%)$. E&!"'"% C%&&*
T%&&$. 2- E!*90*9"%( &**#% #$+*9"$($J !%0)$( 6. E#"9"%($ A&*(. M*#&"#.
Q" C;*+$*0 28- T$9("9% $($)$&'$(9"* *("*&"*- )*&9*(#% *#"
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BIBLIOGRAFIA YBIBLIOGRAFIA Y
WEBGRAFIAWEBGRAFIAQEBGRAFIA.$+*#*.%&'.$?+%&$#.9%).$9GUIA
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BIBLIOGRAFIA YBIBLIOGRAFIA YWEBGRAFIAWEBGRAFIA;+-.$)$.%&';+-.$(