Environnement 2017 EN 2 · with the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards, encompassing the network of distributors, suppli-ers and partners. ... A system for providing information, enhancing

RENAULT TRUCKS ‐ 2017 1

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RENAULT TRUCKS

With more than a century of French expertise in trucks, Renault Trucks provides professionals with an extensive range of vehicles (from 2.8 to 120 tonnes) and services for a wide variety of transport activities: distribution, construction, long-haul, special applications, and defence.

Renault Trucks is known for making robust, reliable, and fuel-efficient trucks that increase productivity and lower operating costs. Renault Trucks is also conducting research into greater fuel efficiency and sustainable mobility in order to offer a range of vehicles powered by alternatives to diesel fuel.

We work closely with our customers and their drivers through a distribution network with more than 1500 points of service around the world. Renault Trucks vehicles and most of components are designed and produced in France.

Renault Trucks is part of the Volvo Group, one of the world's leading truck manufacturers.


REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Renault Trucks is committed to promoting responsible mobility and is actively working to reduce the impact that our activities and products have on the environment.

Though the production of industrial vehicle produces little pollution itself, their operation is a much bigger source of pollution. In order to reduce this pollution throughout the truck’s life cycle, Renault Trucks is harnessing extensive resources and leveraging Volvo's powerful engineering.

In the past several decades, the trucking industry has drastically reduced local pollution emitted by its vehicles. In Europe, Euro anti-pollution regulations for truck engines have brought about a dras-tic decrease in atmospheric emissions from road freight transport, despite an increase in traffic. Between 1990, when the first Euro 0 standard came into effect, and 2014, with the implementation of Euro VI, emissions have decreased significantly: -98% in nitrogen oxide (NOx), -95% in unburned hydrocarbons (HC), -89% in carbon monoxide (CO), and -97% in particulate matter (PM).

In order to combat climate change accelerated by anthropogenic emissions of CO2, Renault Trucks is continuing our efforts to improve the fuel efficiency of its vehicles and provides associated ser-vices that will allow operators and drivers to be more energy efficient. In parallel, we are developing vehicles lines that run on alternatives to diesel fuel and emit little to no greenhouse gases. Renault Trucks is working alongside other stakeholders in the road freight transport industry by making concrete proposals for innovation.

Renault Trucks has implemented the Volvo Group's environmental policy, founded on specific ob-jectives and a rigorous management system. The brand has committed itself by signing a Quality, Safety and Environmental Charter. For Renault Trucks, protection of the environment is a perma-nent factor in its growth and progress.


A RESPONSIBLE PLAYER

Strategy and management for driving forward progress

Renault Trucks applies an environmental policy based on:

A quality management and environmental system for the Group's sites certified in compliance with the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards, encompassing the network of distributors, suppli-ers and partners.

The development of new technologies and new fuel-saving products, exerting a minimal im-pact on the environment throughout their entire life-cycle.

Reducing pollution and preserving natural resources at its sites.

Completely transparent communication of the Group's environmental policy and its results.

Constantly improving performance

The environmental management system implemented by Renault Trucks is based on the constant improvement of performance levels - optimising the consumption of energy, water and raw materi-als, reducing waste and greenhouse gas emissions - and mobilising its entire workforce to work in this direction. It is an integral part of the quality processes at every level of the Volvo Group, extend-ing right through to the distribution and repairs network.

The organisational system within each unit of Group and a body of documents and activities provide the basis for the environmental management structure:

The Volvo Group's environmental policy

Renault Trucks' Quality, Security and Environmental Charter

Objectives on clear display within all units

A system for providing information, enhancing awareness and training in the environment

Minimum environmental requirements imposed on suppliers, industrial sites and the distribu-tion and repairs network

Documentation system (operational procedures and instructions)

Environmental management programme (campaigns for progress)

Keeping up-to-date with regulations and monitoring compliance with regulatory and internal requirements

Monitoring and measuring plan (observation of regulatory and operating controls)

Emergency plan stipulating action to be taken in the event of accident


ISO 14001-certified sites

Assembly of Renault Trucks vehicles and fabrication of their components takes place in plants with ISO 14001 certification (1st certification in 2001). Production is organised to limit consump-tion of energy, water, and raw materials, as well as reduce waste. Our products are designed so that materials can be reused as much as possible. This certification is subject to a renewal audit every three years in addition to annual monitoring audits.

Distributors, suppliers, and partners

Renault Trucks has implemented an opera-tional standard throughout its entire distri-bution and repairs network comprising points of sale and service around the world. It sets minimal environmental standards in relation to local regulations (recycling and waste disposal, consumption of energy and natural resources, environmental risk pre-vention). Renault Trucks also requires that its suppliers and partners hold ISO 14001 certification or have a continuous improve-ment plan in place.


Recycling taken into account right from conception

The conception stage for Renault Trucks vehicles takes account of how they will be recycled at the end of their service life. It is based on the choice of carefully-selected materials suitable for the existing recycling channels and does not contain any hazardous substances prohibited within the Volvo Group. Parts are clearly marked depending on the type of material they are made of, and ac-cess to components on vehicles is designed for ease of removal.

Today, the entire new range of Renault Trucks vehicles is more than 95% recyclable and more than 98% recoverable according to the definition applied by the ISO 22628 standard.

Renault Trucks systematically communicates references for the parts covered by the European REACH regulations relating to recording, evaluation, authorisation and restrictions on chemical substances.

For further details: http://corporate.renault-trucks.com/en/environment/

Life-cycle analyses

A life cycle analysis was carried out for the vehicles in the new range complying with the Euro VI standards and is the subject of an environmental fact sheet available on request. The life cycle analysis covers all phases of a truck's useful life, from the production of the raw materials through to final elimination and recycling. It provides details of the environmental impact of each of these phases. The results make it possible to identify the most important environmental parameters wi-thin the product's life-cycle.

Fuel consumption and the resulting gas emissions represent the major factor in the impact mea-sured. The materials used in the construction of the vehicle and, in particular, those introduced to fulfil the requirements of the Euro VI standard, play a significant part in this, however this is offset by their high rate of recycling.

48 %

0,5 %

87 %

7 %

‐43 %

Materials Production Fuel and gasemissions

Maintenance End of life

Renault Trucks T High Euro VI ‐ 520 hp ‐ 4x2 tractor

Environmental Load Units. Base 100.


Efficient production to conserve resources

The industrial sites that manufacture Renault Trucks vehicles use energy and natural resources sparingly. They limit waste and process liquid and gaseous effluents. Production tools and indus-trial processes were developed so that vehicle manufacturing produces the least amount of waste possible. Environmental impact is systematically taken into account in any manufacturing im-provement or facility renovation project.

Significant progress has been made in various areas: manufacturing sites have decreased water consumption per unit produced from 50 m3 to 14 m3 between 2003 and 2008, decreasing even fur-ther before stabilising at 12 m3 in 2013. The plants recycle or recover 99% of non-hazardous waste. Ongoing efforts are made to reduce the volume of waste and ensure systematic recycling, and sites are encouraged to limit landfilling and find new recycling channels. As a result, the Li-moges (Haute-Vienne) plant that remanufactures components and spare parts has identified a company that recycles truck particulate filters and recovers the precious metals they contain. The site has also created processes for preliminary recycling of its parts. The same is true of other company sites with used catalytic converters.


Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and saving energy

Renault Trucks sites cut their energy consumption in half between 2003 and 2013 by using more efficient techniques (changes in processes, new boilers, improved insulation, new entry gates, dou-ble glazing, etc.) and by changing behaviours (lowering the heat at night, shutting down certain compressors on weekends, turning off devices on standby, etc.).

In 2009, Renault Trucks conducted an audit of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at all our sites. In 2012, we produced an initial GHG report that identified the main sources of emissions and resulted in a reduction plan with a hundred or so actions to be taken, mostly regarding energy consumption. This action plan was integrated into the Environmental Management System and is subject to regu-lar review. It led to the complete renovation of certain buildings and helped eliminate 2,220 tonnes of CO2 equivalent (CDE). In 2015, all Renault Trucks sites conducted regulatory energy audits and a new 4-year action plan was drafted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an additional 5%.

The Renault Trucks GHG report is available at:

http://corporate.renault-trucks.com/en/environment


TRUCKS WITH AN EVER-SMALLER IMPACT

There has been a spectacular reduction in pollutant emissions from truck engines thanks to manu-facturers’ efforts to comply with regulatory requirements in Europe and around the world. They rose to the challenge by improving the environmental efficiency of vehicles without compromising on per-formance or reliability.

The European Euro standards that went into effect in 1990 are regularly updated, and have led man-ufacturers to make significant reductions in atmospheric pollutants (nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide). Thanks to these regulations, in a little more than 20 years, NOx emissions have decreased by 98% and particulate matter by 97%.

Air quality: trucks are doing their part

The Euro VI standard implemented in 2014 calls for an 80% reduction in nitrogen oxides and a 50% reduction in particulate matter as compared to the Euro V standard. It also requires trucks to comply with emissions limits in all phases of operation, and guarantee the reliability of the emissions-control system for 7 years or 700,000 kilometres. To meet these requirements, Renault Trucks uses a combination of several techniques adapted to the size of the engine and its use: the SCR system, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and the diesel particulate filter.


The exhaust gas after-treatment system that is common to all engines comprises three main ele-ments:

An oxidation catalyst that reduces hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gas. It increases the temperature of the gas, which improves the efficiency of the emissions-control system.

A filter that traps and elimi-nates 99% of fine particles. These are transformed into soot and then burned.

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which injects a urea so-lution into the exhaust line, and then converts nitrogen oxides into diatomic nitrogen (N2) - a harmless gas - and water vapour. This system eliminates 95% of NOx.

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This series of chemical transformations results in the almost complete elimination of NOx and particulate matter, even the smallest particles.

Energy-efficient vehicles to reduce CO2 emissions

CO2 emissions are directly related to the consumption of fossil fuels and contribute to the greenhouse gas effect, an agent of climate disruption. This is the main challenge facing road freight transport, which must not only reduce its fuel consumption - that is improve energy-efficiency and thus limit CO2 emissions - but also reduce the use of hydrocarbons to conserve re-sources.


In general, the road freight transport industry has already greatly reduced its CO2 emissions, since healthy business operations require consuming the least amount of diesel fuel possible. All while continuously improving truck productivity, manufacturers have also increased energy-efficiency. Be-tween 1960 and 2015, the average truck speed doubled and its power practically tripled, while aver-age consumption was cut in half.

Renault Trucks' Euro VI vehicles provide a 5% reduction in fuel consumption as compared to the pre-vious generation of trucks. This is a major advantage, considering that fuel costs comprise between 20 and 30% of a truck's total operating costs in a mid-size European transport company.

Solutions to improve performance

In order for hauliers to improve on these achievements, Renault Trucks offers Optifuel Solutions, a set of products and services which can provide fuel savings of up to 15%. This offer allows for opti-mal vehicle configuration and equipment (appropriate powertrain, accessories that improve aerody-namics), provides training for drivers and instructors on eco-friendly driving techniques (Optifuel Training and Optifuel Programme), measures and analyses the trucks' long-term consumption with specialised software (Optifuel Infomax, Optifleet), and allows customers to improve performance throughout the truck's life cycle (settings and controls, original parts, accessories, eco-lubricants, etc.).

http://optifuel.renault-trucks.com/en

Lastly, to ensure that haulage is more efficient, and thus emits less CO2, Renault Trucks provides a series of applications for handheld terminals (smartphones, tablets) designed for drivers: NavTruck, a GPS navigator for trucks; Truck Fuel Eco Driving, a game that shows how to reduce fuel consump-tion while maintaining efficiency; and EcoCalculator, which measures the environmental impact of a Renault Trucks vehicle or fleet, as well as the savings from a decrease in fuel consumption.


Depending on the configuration (energy source, vehicle type, consumption, distance), the EcoCal-culator can measure:

The environmental footprint of a vehicle or fleet (in terms of CO2, CO, NOx, HC, particulate matter) and the impact of decreased fuel consumption on operations and the environment.

The cost of pollutant emissions and the vehicle's energy impact, as required for public calls for tender in Europe (EU Directive 2009/33/EC).

The quantity of CO2 emitted during transport, which must be displayed in accordance with French legislation from 1 October 2013.

The Ecocalculator is also available on the Renault Trucks website:

http://www.ecocalculator.renault-trucks.com/en

Lastly, Renault Trucks helps promote eco-friendly driving by organising the Optifuel Chal-lenge, a race that brings together drivers from all over Europe to demonstrate fuel-efficient driv-ing techniques in Renault Trucks' Euro VI range.

Research in fuel economy

Renault Trucks conducts research to significantly decrease the fuel consumption and pollu-tant emissions of a vehicle combination (tractor + trailer). The Optifuel Lab2 project showed that it's possible to obtain a 22% reduction in fuel consumption by applying twenty-or so technologies in four major areas: energy management, aerodynamics, rolling resistance, and driver aids.

One of the paths being explored is the transformation of heat from exhaust gas into elec-tricity to power a vehicle's auxiliary functions with energy that isn't drawn directly from the drive shaft. For long distance vehicles, use of a system based on the Rankine cycle can produce several kilowatts of electricity and could lead to fuel savings of 5 to 10%.


Renault Trucks has also developed UrbanLab2, a demonstration vehicle produced as part of the EDIT collaborative research project, which aims to reduce a refrigerated delivery vehicle's fuel consumption by 13% using technologies that should be available by 2020. This vehicle is based on a Renault Trucks D Wide model, and is equipped with a low voltage micro-hybrid system that re-covers some of the braking energy to power auxiliaries. It is also connected to traffic lights, which means it can anticipate changes to create a speed profile that minimises consumption.

Design to improve fuel economy

Renault Trucks' entire range is designed to boost fuel economy. The cab on the Renault Trucks T model for long distances and Renault Trucks C model for construction was designed to be as aer-odynamic as possible. It has a tilted windscreen, a 12° A pillar, and a trapezoidal shape that is 30 centimetres larger in the back. These features allow for better air penetration and a perfect con-nection between the tractor and trailer.


ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE FREIGHT TRANSPORT

Developing alternatives to diesel fuel

Natural Gas for Vehicles (NGV)

Since 2004, Renault Trucks has been developing and marketing its distribution line of vehi-cles powered by compressed natural gas. This range now includes the Renault Trucks D Wide CNG, equipped with a new 9-litre, 320 hp Euro 6 gas engine available in two configurations: a 19-tonne 4x2 axle and a 26-tonne 6x2 axle.

Natural Gas for Vehicles (NGV) is mostly composed of methane. NGV engines don't emit any particulate matter, and very little NOx. They do emit more unburned hydrocarbons than diesel en-gines, but in a less toxic form. NGV produces almost no unregulated toxic pollutants as compared to diesel fuel. CO2 emissions are comparable to similar diesel engines, and are often lower at equivalent engine power. Heavy vehicles that run on natural gas make less noise and are odour-less: they are particularly well-suited to urban transport (passenger transport, deliveries, road work, waste collection). Gas power doesn't affect how the vehicle drives or its dynamic qualities.


Electricity

Renault Trucks has developed a fully electric version of its Renault Maxity delivery truck (4.5 t GVWR, approved in France for 3.5 t). Its advantages include zero emission of pollutants and CO2 dur-ing operation, as well as its silence. The electric Renault Maxity can reach speeds up to 90 km/h and has an average range of 100 km. It has an asynchronous electric engine, an automated gearbox, and next-generation Lithium-Ion batteries.

Further research is still needed to ensure that electric energy can be efficiently and re-liably applied to modern medium-weight vehicles, particularly in order to test the suitability of the next generation of batteries, improve components, and identify the best technical compromises. As part of this research, Nestlé in Switzerland and Guerlain in France are testing fully electric 16 t Re-nault Trucks D in real-world conditions.

Since 2015, Renault Trucks has partnered with La Poste to conduct experiments on an electric Renault Maxity equipped with a hydrogen-powered fuel cell developed by Symbio FCell, which would double the vehicle's range. This project will allow Renault Trucks to explore the potential of hydro-gen technology in real operating conditions.

Biofuel

Since 2014, Renault Trucks has offered two 240 hp and 320 hp engines that can run on biofuel, either as 30% of the total fuel content (B30) or 100% (B100). Available on the Renault Trucks D, Renault Trucks D Wide, and Renault Trucks C, these engines have the same power and torque as their diesel-powered equivalents.

Reducing noise

In order to reduce noise pollution caused by road freight transport, Renault Trucks starts with the vehicle design to identify and improve different sources of noise: the engine, gear box, exhaust system, tyre-road interaction, braking system, vibration, aerodynamics, and vehicle handling.


All Renault Trucks vehicles comply with European R51 regulations on noise limits for motor vehi-cles and we are preparing to meet the requirements of certain countries or municipalities that want to give quieter vehicles better access to city centres. The electric Renault Maxity, known for its com-pletely silent operation, has PIEK certification of less than 63 dB(A), while our natural gas vehicles have a noise level that is 2dB lower than their diesel-powered equivalents.

The right truck, with the right energy, in the right place, at the right time

Given the increasing urbanisation on a planetary scale, there is great urgency to making freight transport sustainable. This will require creating a range of solutions drawing on logistics, vehicle technology and associated services, regulations, management of urban areas, and collaboration between public and private sectors.

Renault Trucks supports the organisation of transport based on the principle of pooling assets and flow consolidation, the reasonable use of a range of available technologies and energy sources (diesel for long distances; natural gas for medium and short distances from peripheral areas, and electricity for the narrow streets of city centres and protected areas) and the integration of vehicles into an "intelligent" transport system (vehicle – infrastructure communication and real-time man-agement of urban areas).

Immediate environmental benefits could be obtained through public policies to encourage renewal of existing internal combustion fleets and the use of vehicles powered by alternative energies. In France, it was estimated(*) that if the entire existing truck fleet complied with Euro V anti-pollution standards, emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate matter could be reduced by a factor of 7, 5, and 20 respectively. (*) Ademe/FNE "Logistique Urbaine, Agir Ensemble" - 2010


Collaborative research

Renault Trucks is pursuing further research and development on vehicle technologies that are adapted to urban distribution such as electric and natural gas engines, as well as services to im-prove efficiency and transport. Some of this research is conducted in collaboration with other mobil-ity stakeholders in France and in Europe.

Renault Trucks is a co-founder and main coordinator of the LUTB Transport & Mobility Systems competitiveness cluster. It is one-of-a-kind in Europe with its research on innovative systems for passenger and freight transport in urban areas. In this context, Renault Trucks participates in a number of collaborative research projects. Beyond vehicle technology, this research also touches on communication with urban infrastructure, dynamic space sharing, off-peak delivery, the develop-ment of inter-modality in urban freight transport systems, and experiments with urban logistics spaces.


KEY FIGURES

Road freight transport is responsible for 75% of inland freight transport in Europe, and deliv-ers 18 billion tonnes of goods per year.

85% of road freight transport covers distances of less than 150 km.

A truck that complies with Euro VI standards emits 97% fewer nitrogen dioxides and 98% less particulate matter than a vehicle built in 1990.

A total of 32 trucks now make as much noise as a single vehicle built in 1970.

On a global level, trucks generate 6% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but a 40 t truck built today consumes a third less fuel than its equivalent built in the 1970s.

A truck consumes less than 30 litres/100 km to transport a load equivalent to what 40 pas-senger vehicles could carry.

A 40 t truck consumes around 3.5 l of diesel fuel to cover 10 km on flat terrain at a steady speed. But its consumption increases 10-fold to more than 35 l in heavy traffic with stops every 100 meters.

renault-trucks.com

Documents

Environnement 2017 EN 2 · with the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards, encompassing the network of distributors, suppli-ers and partners. ... A system for providing information, enhancing