Juan M. Pulhin 1 , Unna Chokkalingam 2 , Rose Jane J. Peras 1 , Romeo T. Acosta 3 , Antonio P. Carandang 4 , Mayumi Q. Natividad 3 , Rodel D. Lasco 5 and Ramon A. Razal 1 1 College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines 2 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), P.O. Box 6596 JKPWB, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia 3 Forest Management Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Quezon City, Philippines 4 Main Ave., Marymount Village, Anos, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 5 World Agroforestry Centre, 2F CFNR, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines The once lush tropical rainforests of the Philippines have experienced extensive deforestation and degradation over the last century (Pulhin 2003). Simultaneously, small-scale forest rehabilitation 1 efforts have been ongoing since around 1910. Traditionally, government and private companies initiated and implemented rehabilitation activities, but since the mid 1970s international funding began to play a role and many different sectors became involved. Recent projects vary widely in terms of key actors, scale, major objectives, approaches and duration. For instance, projects range from large-scale, government-driven watershed reforestation to small-scale plantations established by non-government organisations (NGOs) and/or peoples’ organisations (POs). They also include private individual or company plantations, local government unit (LGU)- initiated plantations, or those established by government agencies outside the forestry sector. More than US$570 million has been spent since the mid 1970s. Chapter II Historical overview 1 See Chapter I for details on rehabilitation terminology.
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