Eng-Vietnamese Election Glossary_Election

7/27/2019 Eng-Vietnamese Election Glossary_Election

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U.S. ElEction ASSiStAncE commiSSiony Ban tr gip tuyn c Hoa k

Glossaryof key election terminology

Vietnamese

Bn ch Gii cc thUtnG chnh v tUyn c

Ting Vit


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2008

U.S. ElEction ASSiStAncE commiSSiony Ban Tr Gip Tuyn C Hoa K

Glossaryof Key eleCTion TerminoloGy

Vietnamese

Bn ch Gii cc thUtnG chnh v tUyn c

Ting Vit


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Pubshed 2008

U.S. Eectn Assstance Cssn

1225 New Yk Avenue, NW

Sute 1100

Washngtn, DC 20005


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Glossary of key election terminology / Bn CH Gii CC THuT nG CHnH v Tuyn C

Contents

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Contents


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In 1979, the Federal Election Commission

(FEC) published a series of reports under

The National Clearinghouse on ElectionAdministration (NCEA) to assist election

officials in their efforts to provide election

services to groups identified by Section

203 of the Voting Rights Act (VRA) as

language minorities The purpose of the

reports was to provide guidance to state

and local election officials for (1)

identifying their language minority

populations, (2) providing bilingual

registration services, and (3) providing

bilingual balloting services The three-

volume series consisted of:A Handbook of

Ideas for Local Election Officials, A Glossaryof Common Spanish Election Terminology, and

A State of the Art Report. The ideas and

recommendations contained in these

reports were not designed as legal

guidelines for complying with the

provisions of the VRA nor were election

officials required to consider or adopt them

In 2002, the Help America Vote Act of

2002 (HAVA) established the US

Election Assistance Commission (EAC) to

assist in the administration of Federal

elections and to otherwise provide

assistance with the administration ofcertain Federal election laws and programs,

to establish minimum election

administration standards for States and

units of local government with

responsibility for the administration of

Federal elections, and for other purposes

(PL 107-252) Section 202 of HAVA

directs the EAC to serve as a national

clearinghouse and resource for the

compilation of information and review of

procedures with respect to the

administration of Federal elections by

adopting voluntary voting systems

guidelines; providing for the testing,

certification, decertification, and

recertification of voting system hardware

and software; and by conducting research

and activities that promote the effective

administration of elections Furthermore,

Sections 241 (b)(5) and (14) of HAVA

allow the EAC to conduct studies and

other activities that address: 1) methods of

ensuring the accessibility of voting,

registration, polling places, and voting to all

voters, including individuals with

disabilities (including the blind and visually

impaired), Native American or AlaskaNative citizens, and voters with limited

proficiency in the English language, and

2) the technical feasibility of providing

voting materials in eight or more languages

for voters who speak those languages and

who have limited English proficiency

HAVA also transferred to the EAC all

functions which the FECs Office of

Election Administration exercised before

the date of the enactment HAVA,

including the maintenance of the National

Mail-In Voter Registration Form

To initiate the process of meeting theserequirements, the EAC convened two

meetings to provide guidance to the

Commission on research to address barriers

faced by language minorities to the election

process The first meeting focused on

Spanish-speaking voters (August 2005) and

the second focused on voters from the

Asian and Pacific Islander American

communities (April 2006) Both of these

meetings included discussions on the

readability and usability of the National

Mail-In Voter Registration Form and

updating the FECsA Glossary of CommonSpanish Election Terminology. The meetings

were comprised of local election officials,

Congressional staff members, national

advocacy groups, and research and public

policy organizations

As a result of these meetings, the EAC

established the Language Accessibility

Program (LAP) to conduct research and

other activities to assist election officials in

meeting the needs of voters with limited

English-proficiency The first activity of

LAP was the development and publication

of the 2007Glossary of Key ElectionTerminology [English/Spanish and Spanish/

English] Similar to the FECs 1979 glossary,

the main purpose of the EAC glossary is to

assist state and local election officials in

providing translated election materials that

are culturally and linguistically appropriate

Due to the need for a similar glossary for

each of the five Asian languages covered by

the Voting Rights Act and the large success

of the Spanish glossary, the EAC has

Glossary of key election terminology 1

Background


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2 U.S. Election Assistance Commission

The EAC glossary includes a total of 1,843

terms and phrases used in the

administration of elections in the United

States The glossary contains the original

words from the FECs glossary In addition,

new words and phrases were compiled from

a review of the informational materials

made available on each states election

website This included, but was not limited

to: voter guides/pamphlets; registration

forms; voting systems and their

components; Election Day forms andmaterials; sample ballots; and state/local

election glossaries In addition, the terms

found in the 2005 Voluntary Voting System

Guidelines (VVSG) glossary were also

incorporated, along with their definitions,

as they appear in the VVSG As terms and

phrases were considered for inclusion in the

glossary, they were reviewed for their

degree of usage, specificity to elections, and

similarity to other phrases

In September 2006, the EAC contracted

with Compass Languages to provide for the

translation of the glossary into the fiveAsian languages To ensure the translations

were culturally and linguistically

appropriate, terms were translated by

Compass multi-dialect team of professional

translators In addition, for each language

the draft translations were reviewed by a

group of stakeholders with expertise in the

target language and subject matter to

expertise in the target languages and

subject matter The stakeholder groups

included representatives from the

organizations that participated in the

EACs Asian languages meeting At times,

more than one translation was considered

to be appropriate and widely accepted In

such cases, all of the possible translations

were included in the glossary and are left to

the user to decide which translation suits

his or her needs and target population

However, the translation most commonly

accepted and appropriate in the context of

elections is listed first State and local

election officials are encouraged to workcooperatively with each other and with

members of the target population to

develop and review translated election

materials that are suitable for their State

and local communities

The EAC would like to acknowledge the

following organizations for their time and

assistance in ensuring the quality of the

translations provided in the EACs Asian

languages glossaries:

Asian Pacific American Legal Center

Filipino American Service Group (FASGI)

King County, Washington

Korean American Resource and

Cultural Center

Korean Resource Center (Los Angeles)

Little Tokyo Service Center (Los Angeles)

Los Angeles County, California

National Korean American Service &

Education Consortium (NAKASEC)

Organization of Chinese Americans (OCA)

Process

proceeded with translating the glossary into

Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tagalog,

and Vietnamese

Therefore, it is with great pleasure that the

EAC presents its 2008 Glossary of Key

Election Terminology [English/Vietnamese

and Vietnamese/English] These are neither

complete definitions and translations nor

exclusive rules of usage However, the

establishment of uniform election

terminology may prove beneficial for

ensuring access to the electoral system

regardless of a voters country of origin orplace of residence in the United States

The EAC also expects to use these

glossaries as the basis for translating the

National Mail-In Voter Registration Form

and other EAC materials into these five

Asian languages


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Relationships between the terms were

established during the translation process

and cross-references were included in theglossary for a substantial number of the

terms to assist the user in identifying similar

terms and phrases Furthermore, there were

glossary entries which were identified as

requiring an example of the term or phraseused in context, and these appear at the

end of the translation

Glossary of key election terminology 3

How to use this glossary

Pronunciation Guidefor Key Terms

ENGliSH ViETNAmESE ProNUNCiATioN

absentee bat phiu khim din few k'iem zien

accessbe factya im c th tip nhnngi khuyt tt

dia diem ko t'e chap n'an uik'uit tat

accessbe vtng statntrm b phiu c th tip nhnngi khuyt tt tram bo few cho ui k'uit tat

advanced bat l phiu cao cp la few kao kap

atenatve bat l phiu thay th la few t'ay t'e

assstance t vte tr gip b phiu tr zup bo few

aud bat l phiu bng m thanh la few ban am t'an

bat l phiu la few

bat bx thng phiu u few

bat easue d lut ghi trn l phiu zu luat gi tren la fewcanddate ng c vin u ku vien

cast yu bat b l phiu ca qu v bo la few kua qui vi

cast yu vte b l phiu ca qu v bo la few kua qui vi

chaenged bat l phiu cha hi iu kin la few chu hoi du dew kien

eay vtng b phiu sm bo few sm

eectn cuc bu c ku:k bou ku

eectn bad y ban tuyn c uy ban tuen ku

Eectn Day Ngy Bu C ei bou ku

eegency bat l phiu khn cp la few k'an kap

ptca paty chnh ng c'in zan

ptca paty affatn lin kt chnh ng lien ket chin danp bk s ca quy phiu so kua quei few

p wke nhn vin quy phiu n'an vien quei few

png pace ni b phiu noi bo few

pvsna bat l phiu c iu kin la few ko dew kien

egstatn status tnh trng ghi danh tin tran gi zan

vte c tri ku tri

vte dentfcatn nhn dng c tri n'an zan ku tri

vte egstatn appcatn n xin ghi danh b phiu don xin gi zei bo few

vtng achne my b phiu mei bo few


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The EAC is an independent, bipartisan

agency created by the Help America Vote

Act of 2002 (HAVA) It was established toassist in the administration of Federal

elections and provide assistance with the

administration of certain Federal election

laws and programs The EAC provides

assistance by dispersing, administering, and

auditing Federal funds for States to

implement HAVA requirements,

conducting studies and other activities to

promote the effective administration of

Federal elections, and serving as a national

clearinghouse and resource of informationregarding election administration In

addition, HAVA requires the EAC to

adopt the Voluntary Voting System Guidelines

and to establish a program for the testing,

certification, decertification, and

recertification of voting system hardware

and software

About the EAC

4 U.S. Election Assistance Commission

The EAC welcomes and encourages

comments on this glossary and its contents;

they will greatly assist in improving theglossarys quality and usefulness Revisions

to terms and translations will be conducted

on an as-needed basis and will be made

available on the EAC website at

wwweacgov For more information about

this project or to request additional copiesof this or any other EAC publication, please

contact the EAC toll-free at 1-866-747-

1471 or via e-mail at HAVAinfo@eacgov

Comments


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Los Angeles County, California

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English to VietnameseTing Anh Ting Vit

u.S. eleCTion aSSiSTanCe CommiSSiony Ban Tr Gip Tuyn C Hoa K


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U.S. Election Assistance Commission

GLOSSARY OF KEY ELECTION TERMS English-Vietnamese 10

A abandoned ballot: l phiu khng c

bu

Definition: Ballot that the voter did notplace in the ballot box or record as cast onDRE before leaving the polling place.

absent: khim din

See also: absentee voter

absentee application: n xin bphiu khim din

absentee application form: mu n xinb phiu khim din

absentee ballot: phiu khim din

See also: absentee vote

Definition: Ballot cast by a voter unable to

vote in person at his or her polling placeon Election Day.

absentee ballot request form: n yucu cung cp l phiu khim din

absentee mail process: th tc gi thca tri c tri khim din

absentee procedures: cc th tc bphiu khim din

absentee vote: phiu khim din

See also: absentee ballot

absentee voter: c tri khim din

See also: absent

absentee voter status: tnh trng ctri khim din

absentee voting by mail: b phiukhim din qua th

absolute majority: tuyt i a s

abstain: khng bu (hoc khngi bu, hoc i m khng bu -khc vi phiu trng)

acceptance of candidacy: chpnhn tranh c

See also: candidate registration,running for office, candidate

Example: Candidates file theiracceptance of candidacy at theSecretary of State's office. (V D:Ccng c vin np giy chp nhn

tranh c ti vn phng ca TngTrng Bang.)

acceptance testing: kim tra vicchp nhn

Definition: Examination of a votingsystem and its components by thepurchasing election authority(usually in a simulated-useenvironment) to validateperformance of delivered units inaccordance with procurement

requirements, and to validate thatthe delivered system is, in fact, thecertified system purchased.

access: tip cn (cho ngi khuyttt)

See also: accessibility

Access Board; access board: yBan Ph Trch Tip Cn; y ban phtrch tip cn

Definition: Independent federalagency whose primary mission isaccessibility for people withdisabilities and a leading source ofinformation on accessible design.

Access to Campaign Materials

Act: o Lut V Tip Cn Ti LiuVn ng Tranh C

accessibility: phng tin tr gipc bit (cho ngi khuyt tt)

See also: access


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Definition: Measurable characteristics thatindicate the degree to which a system isavailable to, and usable by, individuals

with disabilities. The most commondisabilities include those associated withvision, hearing and mobility, as well ascognitive disabilities.

accessibility requirements: cc yu cuv phng tin tr gip c bit cho ngikhuyt tt

accessibility facility: a im c thtip nhn ngi khuyt tt

See also: accessible voting station

accessible voting station: trm bphiu c th tip nhn ngi khuyt tt

See also: accessibility facility

Definition: Voting station equipped forindividuals with disabilities.

accordance: chiu theo

Example: In accordance with the law (V

D: Chiu theo lut php.) accreditation: chng nhn

Definition: Formal recognition that alaboratory is competent to carry outspecific tests or calibrations.

accreditation body: t chc chng nhn

Definition: (1) Authoritative body thatperforms accreditation. (2) Anindependent organization responsible for

assessing the performance of otherorganizations against a recognizedstandard, and for formally confirming thestatus of those that meet the standard.

accuracy: s chnh xc

Definition: (1) Extent to which a givenmeasurement agrees with an acceptedstandard for that measurement. (2)Closeness of the agreement between the

result of a measurement and a truevalue of the particular quantity sub-ject to measurement. Accuracy is a

qualitative concept and is notinterchangeable with precision.Version 1.0 Volume I: VotingSystem Performance GuidelinesAppendix A: Glossary A-4

accuracy for voting systems: schnh xc cho h thng b phiu

See also: minimum standard foraccuracy of records, data accuracy,logic and accuracy (L&A) testing

Definition: Ability of the system tocapture, record, store, consolidateand report the specific selectionsand absence of selections, made bythe voter for each ballot positionwithout error. Required accuracy isdefined in terms of an error ratethat for testing purposesrepresents the maximum numberof errors allowed while processinga specified volume of data.

Accu-vote optical scan: chp qutquang in Accu-vote

See also: optical scan ballots, opticalscan system

Act of Congress: o Lut ca QucHi

See also: Federal Election CampaignAct (FECA), Help America Vote Act(HAVA)

acting: tha hnh

active candidates: cc ng c vinang tranh c

active registered voter: c tri ghi danh b phiu

active status: tnh trng ghi danhb phiu


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address change: thay i a ch

adjudicated incompetent: phn xt mtnng lc tr tu

adjust the contrast of your ballot: iuchnh nt r ca l phiu

See also: electronic voting, electronicvoting machine

administer: iu hnh

administration: s iu hnh

administrative code: b lut hnh chnh

administrative complaint: khiu nihnh chnh

administrative rules: cc qui ch hnhchnh

See also: rule, Code of FederalRegulations

adopt: thng qua

Example: Voters adopted the proposedamendment. (V D: Cc c tri thng quabn tu chnh c ngh.)

advance(d) ballot: b phiu sm

advisory board member: thnh vin yban c vn

advisory panel: ban c vn

advocate: bin h, ng h

affidavit: bn khai c chng th

See also: sworn statement form, swornand subscribed to

affidavit for absentee ballot: bn khaituyn th dnh cho phiu khim din

affidavit of circulator: bn chng thca ngi lu hnh

affidavit of identity: bn chng th v

danh tnh

affidavit of registration: bnchng th ghi danh b phiu

affiliation: s lin kt

See also: change in politicalaffiliation, party affiliation

Example: Party affiliation is notrequired to vote in these primaryelections. (V D: Khng bt bucphi lin kt chnh ng bphiu trong cc cuc bu c s b

ny.)

affirmation: s xc nhn

affix: ng du

against: chng, i vi

See also: vote no, vote against

Example: The candidate ranagainst a strong opponent. (V D:ng c vin tranh cchng i vi

mt i th mnh.)

alderman: y vin hi ng thnhph (nam)

alderwoman: y vin hi ngthnh ph (n)

allocate: phn phi

See also: apportionment,reapportion

Example: The winner receives all ofthe Electoral College votesallocated to that state. (V D:Ngi trng c nhn c ton bs phiu bu ca i C Tri oncphn phicho tiu bang .)

alternative ballot: l phiu thay th

alternative format: dng thay thkhc


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Example: The ballot or accompanyinginformation is said to be in an alternativeformat if it is in a representation other than

the standard ballot language and format. (VD: L phiu hoc thng tin km theo cgi l dng thay th khc nu hnh thctrnh by khng phi l ngn ng v dngthng thng ca l phiu.)

amendment in whole or in part: tuchnh ton b hoc mt phn

American Independent: c Lp HoaK

American Independent Party: ngc Lp Hoa K

American Party: ng Hoa K

Americans with Disabilities Act

(ADA): o Lut Ngi M Khuyt Tt(ADA)

See also: handicapped, wheelchairaccessible, disabled voters

anonymous contributions: cc khon

ng gp khuyt danh

appeal: khng co

See also: appeals process

Example: The candidate appealed thecourt's decision upholding the electionresults. (V D: ng c vin khng coquyt nh ca ta n ng h kt qu buc.)

appeals process: th tc khng co

appellate: khng co (tnh t)

applicable: p dng (tnh t)

application: n xin

application for ballot by mail (ABBM):

n xin l phiu bu qua th (ABBM)

application form: mu n xin

appoint: b nhim

See also: appointee, appointment

Example: The President appointedthe commission's members withthe advice and consent of theSenate. (V D: Tng Thng bnhim cc thnh vin trong y bansau khi hi v c s chp thunca Thng Ngh Vin.)

appointed at large: b nhim tonkhu vc

appointed incumbent: ng kimc b nhim

appointed member: thnh vinc b nhim

appointed to serve until next

general election: c b nhimgi chc cho ti k cuc tng tuyncktip

appointee: ngi c b nhim

See also: appoint, appointment

Example: The appointee belongedto the minority party. (V D:Ngi c b nhim thuc ngthiu s.)

appointing authority: c quan bnhim

appointment: sb nhim

See also: appoint, appointee

Example: Two of the members shall beappointed for a term of two years. (VD: Hai thnh vin s c b nhim gi chc v cho nhim k hai nm.)

apportionment: s chia tngphn

See also: allocate, reapportion

Example: Apportionment is the


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process of dividing the seats in the U.S.House of Representatives among the 50states. (V D:Schia tng phn l qutrnh phn chia s ghtrong H Ngh VinHoa K cho 50 tiu bang.)

appropriate: phn b (ng t)

See also: appropriation

Example (v.): Congress appropriatedfunds in the amount of 3 million dollars forthe effort. (V D (v.): Quc hi phnb ngn qu 3 triu -la cho hot ng.)

appropriation: s phn b

See also: appropriate

Example: Congress approved theappropriation of funds in the amount of 3million dollars for the effort. (V D: Quchi chp thun vic phn b ngn qu3 triu -la cho hot ng .)

approve: chp thun, ph chun

article: iu khon

as amended: nh c tu chnh

See also: charter amendment,constitutional amendment

Example: The act, as amended, expiresnext year. (V D: o lut, nh c tuchnh, ht hn vo nm sau.)

as set forth: nh c qui nh

as set out: nh c cp

ask for and receive instructions onhow to operate the voting machine or

mark a paper ballot: yu cu v nhnc hng dn v cch s dng my bphiu hoc in l phiu giy

See also: assistance to vote, instructionson how to use the voting machine

assembly: hi ng lp php

assembly bill: d lut ca nghvin

assembly district: a ht nghvin

assembly member: y vin hing lp php

assemblyman: y vin hi nglp php (nam)

See also: assembly member

assemblyperson: y vin hi

ng lp phpSee also: assembly member

assemblywoman: y vin hing lp php ( n)

See also: assembly member

assessor: vin chc gim nhthu

assistance: tr gip

Assistance to vote: tr gip bphiu

See also: instructions on how touse the voting machine, ask forand receive instructions on how tooperate the voting machine ormark a paper ballot

assistant attorney general: pht tng chng l

assistant of voters: ngi trgip c tri

assistant superintendent: tr lthanh tra

assistant United States

attorney: ph t lut s Hoa K

at large: ton khu vc

attest: chng thc


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attorney general: tng chng l

audio ballot: l phiu bng m thanh

Definition: A ballot in which a set ofoffices is presented to the voter in spoken,rather than written form.

audio function with headset and

earphones: chc nng m thanh c btai nghe

audio-tactile interface (ATI): giao dinATI

Definition: Voter interface designed to notrequire visual reading of a ballot. Audio isused to convey information to the voterand sensitive tactile controls allow thevoter to communicate ballot selections tothe voting system.

audit: thanh tra, kim ton

Definition: Systematic, independent,documented process for obtaining records,statements of fact or other relevantinformation and assessing them

objectively to determine the extent towhich specified requirements are fulfilled.

audit capacity: kh nng thanh tra

audit process: th tc thanh tra

See also: audit, auditor, audit trail

audit trail: qui trnh thanh tra


audit trail for direct-recording

equipment: qui trnh thanh tra cho myghi trc tip

Definition: Paper printout of votes cast,produced by direct-recording electronic(DRE) voting machines, which electionofficials may use to cross-checkelectronically tabulated totals.

auditor: thanh tra vin, kim ton vin


auditor-controller: thanh tra-

qun l vin, gim c ti chnh

authority: thm quyn

authorization: cho php, s chophp

authorize: cho php (ng t)

authorized by law: c lutphp cho php

authorized poll agent: i dinquy phiu c y quyn

AutoMARK voting machine: myb phiu AutoMARK

availability: s dng c

Definition: The percentage of timeduring which a system is operatingproperly and available for use.

B ballot: l phiu

See also: audio ballot, ballot image,video ballot, electronic voter interface.

Definition: The official presentation ofall of the contests to be decided in aparticular election. Version 1.0 VolumeI: Voting System PerformanceGuidelines Appendix A: Glossary A-5

ballot access: tip cn l phiu

Example: Ballot access refers to theprocess by which candidates andpolitical parties qualify for the primaryand general election ballots. (V D:Tip cn l phiu l ni ti th tctrong ng c vin v cc chnh


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ng hi iu kin nhn cc l phiutuyn c s b v l phiu tng tuyn c.)

ballot board: hi ng vit l phiu

ballot box: thng phiu

ballot card: th l phiu

ballot cast: b phiu

ballot configuration: hnh thc l phiu

Definition: Particular set of contests toappear on the ballot for a particular

election district, their order, the list ofballot positions for each contest, and thebinding of candidate names to ballotpositions.

ballot counter: my m l phiu

Definition: Process in a voting device thatcounts the votes cast in an election.

ballot counting logic: nguyn l m lphiu

Definition: The software logic that definesthe combinations of voter choices that arevalid and invalid on a given ballot and thatdetermines how the vote choices aretotaled in a given election.

ballot demonstration station: trmhng n b phiu

ballot envelope: phong b ng l phiu

ballot format: dng l phiu

Definition: The concrete presentation ofthe contents of a ballot appropriate to theparticular voting technology being used.The contents may be rendered usingvarious methods of presentation (visual oraudio), language or graphics.

ballot image: hnh nh l phiu

See also: cast vote record

Definition: Electronically produced record

of all votes cast by a single voter.

Example: A ballot image is a record

of all votes cast by a single voter.(V D: Hnh nh l phiu l h sghi li tt c cc la chn b phiuca mt c tri.)

ballot instructions: cc hngdn l phiu

Definition: Information provided tothe voter during the voting sessionthat describes the procedure forexecuting a ballot. Such material

may (but need not) appear directlyon the ballot.

ballot issuing station: trm cppht l phiu

ballot label: nhn l phiu

ballot layout: dng trnh by ca lphiu

ballot marking device: thit bin vo phiu

ballot measure: d lut ghi trn lphiu

See also: measure, initiative,referendum

Definition: (1) A question that appearson the ballot for approval or rejection.(2) A contest on a ballot where thevoter may vote yes or no.

Example: A ballot measure is a policyquestion voted on by voters in anelection. (V D: D lut l phiu lmt cu hi v chnh sch c cc ctri trong mt cucbu c b phiuquyt nh.)

ballot order: th t l phiu

ballot pamphlet: t thng tin v lphiu

ballot pickup: ti ly l phiu


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ballot position: v tr trn l phiu

Definition: A specific place in a ballot

where a voter's selection for a particularcontest may be indicated. Positions maybe connected to row and column numberson the face of a voting machine or ballot,particular bit positions in a binary recordof a ballot (for example, an electronicballot image), the equivalent in someother form. Ballot positions are bound tospecific contests and candidate names bythe ballot configuration.

ballot preparation: chun b l phiu

Definition: Selecting the specific contestsand questions to be contained in a ballotformat and related instructions; preparingand testing election-specific softwarecontaining these selections; producing allpossible ballot formats; and validating thecorrectness of ballot materials andsoftware containing these selections for anupcoming election.

ballot production: sn xut phiu

Definition: Process of generating ballotsfor presentation to voters, e.g., printingpaper ballots or configuring the ballotpresentation on a DRE.

ballot question: thc mc v l phiu

ballot rotation: thay i th t ghi tncc ng vin trn l phiu

Definition: Process of varying the order ofthe candidate names within a givencontest.

ballot scanner: my chp qut l phiu

Definition: Device used to read the voterselection data from a paper ballot or ballotcard.

ballot stub: cun phiu

ballot style: kiu dng l phiu

See also: ballot configuration

Example: The ballot style you receivewill be determined by your place ofresidence. (V D: Dng l phiu mqu v nhn c s ty thuc vo nic ng ca qu v.)

ballot summary: phn tm lcca l phiu

ballot title: tiu ca l phiu

ballot types: cc dng l phiu

becoming a candidate for publicoffice: tr thnh ng c vin tranh

ccho chc v trong chnh quyn begin voting: bt u b phiu

bicameral: lng vin

biennial: hai nm mt ln

biennium: thi gian hai nm

bill: d lut

Bill of Rights: Bn Tuyn B v

Cc Quyn

bilingual requirements: cc quinh song ng

bipartisan: hai chnh ng, lngng

bipartisanship: t cch hai chnhng, tcch lng ng

birthdate: ngy thng nm sinh

blank: b trng

blank space: trng

blind: m

See also: disabled, persons withdisabilities, Braille voting instructions

board: y ban, ban, hi ng

board member: thnh vin y ban


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board of canvassers: hi ng kimphiu

board of commissioners: hi ng yvin

board of directors: ban gim c

board of education: hi ng gio dc

board of elections: y ban ph trch cccuc tuyn c

board of registrars: y ban ghi danh choc tri

bona fide: xc thc, khng gian ln

bond: tri phiu

bond issue: vn tri phiu

bond proposition: k hoch ngh vtri phiu

bond referendum: cuc trng cu dn v tri phiu

booth: quy b phiu

borough: khu

borough council: hi ng khu

boundary line: ng ranh gii

Braille voting instructions: hng dnb phiu bng ch ni Braille

bring identification: mang theo giy tnhn dng

butterfly ballot: l phiu dng bm, lphiu bt cho

See also: ballot types

by hand: bng tay

by mail: qua th

by ordinance: theo sc lnh

C call an election: yu cu t chc

bu c

calling special elections: yu cut chc cc cuc bu c c bit

campaign: chin dch vn ng

(danh t), vn ng tranh c (ngt)

See also: running for office,candidate

campaign contributions: cckhon ng gp cho chin dch vnng tranh c

campaign disclosure: cng b vvn ng tranh c

campaign expense report: boco chi ph ca vn ng tranh c

campaign finance: ti chnh chovn ng tranh c (danh t), titr vn ng tranh c (ng t)

campaign finance disclosure:cng b v vic ti tr cho vnng tranh c

campaign finance disclosurestatements: cc bn cng b vti tr cho vn ng tranh c

campaign finance laws: cc iulut v ti tr vn ng tranh c

campaign finance report: boco v ti tr vn ng tranh c

campaign finance reportingrequirements: cc qui nh v boco ti tr vn ng tranh c


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campaign financing: ti tr cho vnng tranh c

campaign materials: ti liu vn ngtranh c

campaign signs: cc bng hiu vnng tranh c

campaign spending: chi ph cho vnng tranh c

cancel: hy b

cancellation: s hy b

See also: cancellation notices, cancellationof registration

cancellation of registration: hy bvic ghi danh

candidacy: t cch ng cvin

candidate: ng c vin

See also: candidate registration, runningfor office, acceptance of candidacy

Definition: Person contending in a contestfor office. A candidate may be explicitlypresented as one of the choices on theballot or may be a write-in candidate.

candidate committee: y ban ng cvin

candidate nomination procedures: ccth tc c

candidate petitions: th kin ngh cang c vin

candidate registration: ghi danh chong c vin

See also: running for office, candidate,acceptance of candidacy

candidate roster: danh sch ng cvin

candidate statement: bn xc nhn

ca ng c vin

candidate withdrawal periods:

cc giai on rt n xin tranh c

candidates list: danh sch ccng cvin

candidate's profile: h s s lcv ng c vin

canvass: kim phiu

Definition: Compilation of electionreturns and validation of the

outcome that forms the basis ofthe official results by politicalsubdivision.

canvass: kim phiu; xin phiu

Definition: Solicit votes

canvass report: bo co kimphiu

canvassing board: y ban/hing kim phiu

carry an election: t chc mtcuc bu c, trng c, c c

cast: b phiu

See also: vote

cast ballot: l phiu c bu(danh t), b phiu, bu phiu(ng t)

See also: ballot

Definition: Ballot that has beendeposited by the voter in the ballotbox or electronically submitted fortabulation.

cast vote record: h s b phiu

Definition: Permanent record of allvotes produced by a single voterwhether in electronic, paper or otherform. Also referred to as ballot image


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when used to refer to electronic ballots.

cast your ballot: b phiu ca qu v

See also: cast your vote

cast your vote: b phiu ca qu v

casting a vote: b phiu

See also: cast your ballot

catastrophic system failure: h thngngng hon ton

Definition: Total loss of function orfunctions, such as the loss orunrecoverable corruption of voting data orthe failure of an on board battery ofvolatile memory.

categories: cc hng mc

caucus: cuc hp kn ca ban lnh omt t chc

caucus election: cuc bu c kn ni b

caucus system: h thng ni b, hthng chn i biu ni b

central absentee precinct: khu vckim phiu khim din trung ng

Definition: A central absentee precinct(CAP) is a precinct established in thecourthouse or other public building in acounty or city for the receiving, countingand recording of absentee ballots cast inthe county or city.

central count: trm kim phiu trungng

central count process: th tc kimphiu trung ng, th tc kim phiuchnh

central count voting system: h thngkim phiu trung ng

Definition: A voting system that tabulatesballots from multiple precincts at a central

location. Voted ballots are placed intosecure storage at the polling place.Stored ballots are transported or

transmitted to a central counting placewhich produces the vote count report.

central counting station: trmkim phiu trung ng

central voter register list: danhsch ghi danh c tri trungng/chnh

centralized voter registrationdatabase (CVR): c s d liu ghi

danh c tri c gp chung (CVR) certificate: chng nhn, giy chng

nhn

certificate of circulator: chngnhn ca nhn vin lu hnh

certificate of election: chng chbu c, giy chng nhn bu c

certificate of error: chng ch saist, giy chng nhn sai st

certificate of nomination: chngch c, giy chng nhn c

certificate of nominee: giy chngnhn ca ngi c c

certificate of permanent disability:

giy chng nhn tnh trng khuyt ttvnh vin

certificate of registration: giy

chng nhn ghi danh certificate of restoration: giy

chng nhn phc hi

certification: schng nhn

See also: state certification, nationalcertification testing

Definition: Procedure by which a thirdparty gives written assurance that aproduct, process or service conforms


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to specified requirements.

certification of election: chng nhnbu c

certification of official election

results: chng nhn chnh thc v ktqu bu c

certification of signatures: chngnhn ch k

certification requirements: cc qui nhv schng nhn

certification testing: kim tra chngnhn

See also: conformance testing

Definition: Testing performed under eithernational or state certification processes toverify voting system conformance torequirements.

Example: This voting system has gonethrough the required state certificationtesting for use in this election. (V D: H

thng b phiu ny qua th tc kimtra chng nhn bt buc ca tiu bang c s dng trong cuc bu c ny.)

certified election results: kt qu buc c chng nhn

certify: chng nhn

chad: cc mu giy c l

See also: paper ballot, hanging chads

Definition: A small piece of waste paperproduced by punching a hole in punchedcard or tape.

Example: The chad was not completelyseparated from the ballot. (V D: Minggiy clkhng hon ton tch khi lphiu.)

chairman: ch tch

chairwoman: n ch tch

challenge: kh khn, phn ii,thch thc

challenged ballot: l phiu khngc tha nhn

See also: provisional ballot

Definition: Ballot provided toindividuals who claim they areregistered and eligible to vote butwhose eligibility or registration statuscannot be confirmed when theypresent themselves to vote. Oncevoted , such ballots must be kept

separate from other ballots and arenot included in the tabulation untilafter the voters eligibility isconfirmed. Michigan is an exception inthat they determine voter eligibilitybefore a ballot is issued.

Example: The voter was provided achallenged ballot since his eligibility tovote could not be determined. (V D:C tri c nhn mt l phiu khngtha nhn" v khng th xc nhnc t cch b phiu ca c tri .)

challenged voter: c tri khngc tha nhn

challenger: ngi phn i, khngtha nhn

change in political affiliation:thay i s lin kt chnh tr

See also: affiliation, party affiliation

change of address: thay i a ch

change of name: thay i tn

change of party: thay i chnh ng

changes in election procedures:thay i v cc th tc bu c

changes in voting laws: thay i vlut bu c

charter: hin chng


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charter amendment: tu chnh hinchng

See also: as amended, constitutionalamendment

charter commission: y ban lp hinchng

charter commissioner: y vin vhin chng

charter member: thnh vin sng lp

charter president: ch tch sng lp

charter reform: ci t phn hiu

charter school: trng t

check: nh du

check the box: nh du vo

checkmark: du kim

chief election officer: trng ban tuync

chief inspector: thanh tra trng

chief justice: thm phn trng

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:

Thm Phn Trng ca Ti Cao Php Vin

chief of police: cnh st trng

chief state election officer: trng bantuyn c ca tiu bang

choice: la chn

choose: la chn ( ng t)

circuit court of appeals: ta khngco lu ng

circulate: lu hnh

circulation: s lu hnh

circulator: ngi lu hnh

citizen: cng dn

citizen initiatives: cc d lut cngdn

citizen-sponsored: do c dn ti tr,do c dn bo tr

city auditor: thanh tra vin thnhph, kim ton vin thnh ph

city bonds: tri phiu thnh ph

city charter: hin chng thnh ph

city clerk: th k thnh ph city commissioner: y vin hi ng

thnh ph

city controller: gim c ti chnhthnh ph

city council: hi ng thnh ph

city council member: thnh vin hing thnh ph

city councilman: nam y vin hing thnh ph

city councilperson: y vin hi ngthnh ph

city councilwoman: n y vin hing thnh ph

city election code: b lut tuyn cthnh ph

city elections: cc cuc bu c cathnh ph

city general municipal election:cuc tng tuyn c thnh ph

city government: chnh quyn thnhph

city ordinance: sc lnh thnh ph

city special municipal election:

cuc bu c c bit ca thnh ph


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city treasurer: th qu thnh ph

civic duty: ngha v cng dn

civic responsibility: trch nhim cngdn

Civil Rights Division, U.S.

Department of Justice: Ban DnQuyn, B T Php Hoa K

civil rights: dn quyn

Civil Rights Act of 1964: o Lut vQuyn Cng Dn ban hnh nm 1964

claim: khiu ni, i yu sch

claim board: y ban khiu ni

claim of conformance: xc nhn v tnhtrng tun th

Definition: Statement by a vendordeclaring that a specific product conformsto a particular standard or set of standardprofiles; for voting systems, NASEDqualification or EAC certification provides

independent verification of a claim.

claimant: ngi i yu sch, ngixc nhn, nguyn n

clerk: th k

clerk of absentee voting: th k phtrch b phiu khim din

See also: clerk

clerk of courts: th k ta

See also: clerk

clerk of the Supreme Court: th kca Ti Cao Php Vin

See also: clerk

click here: bm vo y

close of registration: kt thc ghi danh

closed primary: k bu c s b kn

Definition: Primary election in which

voters receive a ballot listing onlythose candidates running for office inthe political party with which thevoters are affiliated. In some states,non-partisan contests and ballot issuesmay be included. In some cases,political parties may allow unaffiliatedvoters to vote in their partys primary.

code: b lut

code of conduct: ni qui v hnh

kim o c code of conduct of elected

officials: ni qui v hnh kim oc ca cc vin chc dn c

Code of Federal Regulations: BLut Cc Qui Ch Lin Bang

collect: truy thu

collector: nhn vin truy thu

column: ct

commercial off-the-shelf (COTS):

thit b in ton COTS

Definition: Commercial, readilyavailable hardware devices (such ascard readers, printers or personalcomputers) or software products (suchas operating systems, programminglanguage compilers, or databasemanagement systems).

commission: y ban

commissioner: y vin

committee: y ban

committee member: thnh vin yban

See also: committee

committeeman: y vin nam


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See also: committee

committeewoman: y vin n

See also: committee

Common Industry Format (CIF):Dng Cng Nghip Thng Dng (CIF)

Definition: Refers to the format describedin ANSI/INCITS 354-2001 "CommonIndustry Format (CIF) for Usability TestReports.

Communist Party: ng Cng Sn

complete: hon tt, y

Example: 1. complete a voter registrationform; 2. after you have completedvoting...; 3. the complete instructions onhow to vote are available... (V D: 1.hon tt n ghi danh b phiu; 2. sau khi hon tt b phiu...; 3. c hng dny v cch thc b phiu...)

compliance: s tun hnh

comply with: tun theo

component: thnh phn

See also: voting system

Definition: Element within a largersystem; a component can be hardware orsoftware. For hardware, it is a physicalpart of a subsystem that can be used tocompose larger systems (e.g., circuitboards, internal modems, processors,computer memory). For software, it is amodule of executable code that performsa well-defined function and interacts withother components.

Example: Voting systems are made up ofmultiple components. (V D: Cc hthng b phiu bao gm nhiu thnhphn.)

comptroller: gim c qun l ti chnh

compulsory: bt buc

computer judge: trng ti ph trchmy in ton

concerned citizen: cng dn c quantm

conduct an election: thc hin mtcuc bu c

configuration management: qun lthng s thit lp

Definition: Discipline applying technicaland administrative direction andsurveillance to identify and document

functional and physical characteristicsof a configuration item, controlchanges to these characteristics,record and report change processingand implementation status, and verifycompliance with specifiedrequirements.

configuration management plan:

chng trnh qun l thng s thit lp

Definition: Document detailing theprocess for identifying, controlling and

managing various released items (suchas code, hardware and documentation).

configuration status accounting:

danh sch v tnh trng thit lp

Definition: An element of configurationmanagement, consisting of therecording and reporting of informationneeded to manage a configurationeffectively. This includes a listing ofthe approved configurationidentification, the status of proposedchanges to the configuration, and theimplementation status of approvedchanges.

confirm: xc nhn

confirmation: s xc nhn

confirmation mailing: gi th xcnhn

See also: confirmation


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confirmation notice: thng bo xcnhn

See also: confirmation

conflict between measures: mu thungia cc d lut

conformance: ph hp vi qui nh

Definition: Fulfillment of specifiedrequirements by a product, process orservice.

conformance testing: kim tra tnh

trng ph hp vi qui nhSee also: certification testing

Definition: Process of testing animplementation against the requirementsspecified in one or more standards. Theoutcomes of a conformance test aregenerally a pass or fail result, possiblyincluding reports of problems encounteredduring the execution. Also known ascertification testing.

Example: The voting system was certifiedfor use after it successfully completedconformance testing. (V D: H thng bphiu c chng nhn cho s dng saukhi hon tt thnh cng th tc kimtra tnh trng ph hp vi qui nh.)

Congress: Quc Hi

Congressional: thuc quc hi (tnh t)

See also: congress

congressional district: khu vc quc hi

See also: congress

congressional election: cuc bu cca quc hi

See also: congress

congressman: ngh s, dn biu

See also: congress

congresswoman: ngh s/dn biu

See also:congress

connect the arrow: ni mi tn

consent decree: ngh nh ngthun

conservative: bo th

consolidated election: cuc bu ckt hp

consolidated primaries: cc cuc

bu c s b kt hp constable: cnh st

constituency: cc c tri

See also: house of representatives,representation system

Example: Candidates depend on thesupport of their constituency to winelections. (V D: Ccng c vin cns ng h ca cc c tri thng c.)

constituent: c tri bu c

constitution: hin php

Constitution Party: ng Lp Hin

constitutional: hin php (tnh t)

constitutional amendment: tu chnhhin php

See also: as amended, charteramendment

constitutional resolutions: cc nghquyt v hin php

See also: constitution

constitutional rights: quyn hinphp

See also: constitution


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contest: tranh c, tranh ot

Definition: Decision to be made within anelection, which may be a contest for office

or a referendum, proposition and/orquestion. A single ballot may contain oneor more contests.

contested races: cc vng tranh c

contests of candidacy: cc vng tranhc ca ng c vin

contests of election: cc vng tranh cca cuc bu c

continue voting: tip tc b phiu continue voting on next page: tip tc

b phiu trang sau

contribution: ng gp

contribution limit: cc gii hn nggp

contributions and expenses reports:cc khon ng gp v bo co v chi tiu

contributions and spending limits:cc khon ng gp v gii hn chi tiu

controller: gim c qun l ti chnh

controller general: tng gim c qunl ti chnh

convene: triu tp

convention: hi ngh

coroner: bc sgio nghim

correct: ng

correct mark: nh du ng

corrective action: bin php khc phc

Definition: Action taken to eliminatethe causes of an existing deficiency orother undesirable situation in order toprevent recurrence.

council: hi ng

council action: bin php thi hnhca hi ng

See also: council

council approval: s chp thun cahi ng

See also: council

council district: hi ng thnh phqun, hi ng a ht

See also: council

council member: thnh vin hi ng

See also: council

council seats: ghtrong hi ng

See also: council

councilman: y vin hi ng, nam

See also: council

councilperson: y vin hi ng

See also: council

councilwoman: y vin hi ng, n

See also: council

count: m, tnh

See also: tabulation

Definition: Process of totaling votes.Version 1.0 Volume I: Voting SystemPerformance Guidelines Appendix A:Glossary A-8

counted ballot: l phiu c tnh

Definition: Ballot that has beenprocessed and whose votes areincluded in the candidates andmeasures vote totals.


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county: qun

county assessor: gim nh vin qun

county attorney: lut s qun

county auditor: thanh tra vin ca qun,kim ton vin ca qun

county board of supervisors: hi nggim st qun

county board of election: y ban/hing tuyn c qun

county clerk: th k qun

county commission: y ban qun

county commissioner: y vin qun

county committee: y ban qun

county coroner: bc s gio nghim caqun

county council: hi ng qun

county district: khu vc qun

county election commission: yban tuyn c ca qun

county election officer: vin chctuyn c ca qun

county election precinct: phn khu buc ca qun

county elections officials: cc vinchc tuyn c ca qun

county government: chnh quyn qun

county measure: d lut ca qun

county of residence: qun ni c ng

county office: vn phng qun

county seat: gh/chn trong qun

county special district: c khu ca qun

county superintendent of schools:gim th hc khu ca qun

county supervisor: gim st vin

qun

county tax assessor: gim nh vinthuca qun

county tax collector: vin chc thuthu ca qun

county water commissioner: yvin ph trch ty thy cc ca qun

county water district: ty thy cc

ca qun court: ta n

court-approved: c ta n chpthun

court judge: thm phn ta n

court of appeal: ta khng co

court of justice: ta n php l

courthouse: tr s ta n

courts competency order: lnh tacho rng mt ngi c nng lc tr tu ra hu to

cross-filing: xc nhn/tn thnh giacc bn

Definition: Endorsement of a singlecandidate or slate of candidates bymore than one political party. Thecandidate or slate appears on theballot representing each endorsingpolitical party. Also referred to ascross-party endorsement.

crossover voting: b phiu cho ngkhng thuc ng mnh

cryptographic key: kha mt m

Definition: Value used to controlcryptographic operations, such as


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decryption, encryption, signaturegeneration or signature verification.

cryptography: mt m

See also: decryption, encryption

Definition: Discipline that embodies theprinciples, means, and methods for thetransformation of data in order to hidetheir semantic content, prevent theirunauthorized use, prevent theirundetected modification and establishtheir authenticity.

Example: The use of cryptography is

necessary to protect the election's datafrom unauthorized use or sabotage. (VD: Vic s dng h thng kha m l cnthit bo v d liu ca cuc bu ctrnh cc trng hp ph hoi hoc sdng tri php.)

curbside voting: b phiu ni gn/thuntin nht

current: hin ti

current law: lut hin hnh

current resident address: a ch ctr hin ti

D data accuracy: mc chnh xc ca

d liu

See also: minimum standard for accuracyof records, accuracy for voting systems,logic and accuracy (L&A) testing

Definition: minimum standard for accuracyof records, accuracy for voting systems,logic and accuracy (L&A) testing

data integrity: s ton vn ca dliu

Definition: Invulnerability of the

system to accidental intervention ordeliberate, fraudulent manipulationthat would result in errors in theprocessing of data. It is distinguishedfrom data accuracy that encompassesinternal, system-generated errors.

data security: bo m d liu

deadline: thi hn, hn cht

deadline for voting: hn cht b

phiu deceased candidate: ng c vin

qua i

decertification: thu hi s chngnhn

See also: certification testing,certification requirements, votingsystem certification

Definition: Revocation of national or

state certification of voting systemhardware and software.

Example: Process for decertification ofa voting system. (V D: Th tc thuhi s chng nhn cho mt h thngb phiu.)

declaration of assistance to vote:tuyn b v tr gip b phiu

declaration of candidacy: tuyn btranh c

declaration of intent: tuyn b v nh

declaration of intent to solicit andreceive contributions: tuyn b v nh xin v tip nhn cc khon tinng gp

declaration of intention: tuyn b nh


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declaration of intention to run foroffice: tuyn b v nh tranh c

decline to: t chi

decryption: gii m

Definition: Process of changing encryptedtext into plain text.

defeat: thua

defective ballot: l phiu b li

delegate: i biu

See also:

representative, representationsystem, elected officials

Example: The delegates to the nationalconvention. (V D: Cc i biu d hingh quc gia.)

delegation: on i biu

delete: xa

democracy: dn ch

Democrat: Dn Ch, ng vin ng dnch

Democratic Party: ng Dn Ch democratic process: tin trnh dn ch

See also: democracy

democratic reforms: cc ci t vdn ch

See also: democracy

Department of State: B Ngoi Giao

Department of Transportation: B VnChuyn

deputy: ph, ph t

deputy attorney general: ph chng l

deputy mayor: ph t th trng

description of state ballotmeasures: phn trnh by v cc dlut l phiu ca tiu bang

designate (verb): ch nh, b nhim(ng t)

designate (adj): ch nh, b nhim(tnh t)

Example: The governor designate. (VD: Thng c b nhim, Thng cc ch nh.)

designation: s ch nh

detach: tch ri

detach here: tch ri y

device: my mc, thit b

Definition: Functional unit thatperforms its assigned tasks as anintegrated whole.

digital paper ballot system: hthng b l phiu giy bng k thut

s

digital signature: ch k in t

Definition: An asymmetric key operationwhere the private key is used to digitallysign an electronic document and thepublic key is used to verify thesignature. Digital signatures providedata authentication and integrityprotection.

direct democracy: dn ch trc tip

direct primary: cuc bu c s btrc tip

direct recording: ghi trc tip

direct recording electronic (DRE):ghi trc tip qua mng in t (DRE)

direct recording electronic (DRE)voting system: h thng b phiuin t ghi trc tip (DRE)


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Definition: An electronic voting systemthat utilizes electronic components for thefunctions of ballot presentation, votecapture, vote recording, and tabulation

which are logically and physicallyintegrated into a single unit. A DREproduces a tabulation of the voting datastored in a removable memory componentand in printed hardcopy. Version 1.0Volume I: Voting System PerformanceGuidelines Appendix A: Glossary A-9

direct recording equipment: my ghitrc tip

direct response electronic voting

machines: cc my b phiu in tphn hi trc tip

directly verifiable: directly verifiable

Definition: Voting system feature thatallows the voter to verify at least onerepresentation of his or her ballot withhis/her own senses, not using anysoftware or hardware intermediary.Examples include a Marksense paperballot and a DRE with a voter verifiablepaper record feature.

director: gim c

disability: tnh trng khuyt tt

Definition: With respect to an individual:(1) a physical or mental impairment thatsubstantially limits one or more of themajor life activities of such individual; (2)a record of such an impairment; (3) beingregarded as having such an impairment(definition from the Americans withDisabilities Act).

disabled: b khuyt tt

disabled voters: cc c tri khuyt tt

See also: voters with disabilities,Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA),handicapped, wheelchair accessible

disclosure: tit l, cng b

discrimination: phn bit i x, kth

See also: Civil Rights Act of 1964

displaced voters: cc c tri sai aim

display: hin th, trng by

disqualification: khng hi iukin

disqualify: khng hi iu kin, bloi v khng hi iu kin

disqualifying: khng hi iu kin distribution of contributions: phn

b cc khon tin ng gp

district: qun, ht

district assembly: hi ng qun ht

district attorney: cng t vin, binl

district bonds: cng kh phiu qun

ht

district committee: y ban qun ht

district judge: thm phn qun ht

district lines: cc ng ranh gii caqun ht

district manager: qun l vin caqun ht

district map: s ca qun ht

district no. #: qun ht s #

district office: vn phng qun ht

district special bond election: cucbu c c bit v cng kh phiu caqun ht

district superintendent: gim th aht


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division: phn ban

division of motor vehicles: ban l vn

do not vote on this page: khng bphiu trong trang ny

dotted line: cc ng chm

double-check: kim tra hai ln

double voting: b phiu hai ln

download the form: ti xung mu in

downloadable forms: cc mu in c

th ti xung driver's license: bng li xe

drop-down menu: bng chn th xung

due: ti hn

due date: ngy ht hn, ngy o hn

duplicate ballot: l phiu trng lp

duplicate records: h s trng lp

duplicate registrations: cc trng hpghi danh trng lp

duty station: trm trc

dynamic voting system software: phnmm h thng b phiu linh hot

See also: voting system software

Definition: Software that changes overtime once it is installed on the votingequipment.

E early voting: b phiu sm

Definition: Broadly, voting conductedbefore election day where the votercompletes the ballot in person at acounty office or other designated

polling place or ballot drop site prior toelection day.

early voting ballot board: y banc trch v vic b phiu sm

See also: early voting

early voting by touch screen: bphiu trc ngy bu c bng mnhnh chm


early voting clerk: th k ph trchvic b phiu sm


early voting touch-screen sites: cca im b phiu trc ngy bu cbng mn hnh chm


elderly voters: cc c tri cao nin

elect: bu chn

elected: c bu chn

elected member: thnh vin cbu chn

elected officials campaign

activity: hot ng tranh c ca vinchc dn c

elected officials: cc vin chc dnc

elected to fill unexpired term: cbu chn gi nhim k cha hthn

election: cuc bu c

Definition: A formal process ofselecting a person for public office or


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of accepting or rejecting a politicalproposition by voting.

election administration process: thtc iu hnh cuc bu c

election assessment: nh gi cuc buc, gim nh cuc bu c

election authority: nh chc trch buc

election ballot: l phiu tuyn c

election board: y ban tuyn c

See also: board

election calendar: lch trnh bu c

election campaign: vn ng bu c

election clerk: th k ph trch tuyn c

election code: b lut bu c

election commission: y ban bu c

election contest: vng tranh c trong

cuc bu c

election contribution: s ng gp chocuc bu c

election databases: cc c s d liuca cuc bu c

Definition: Data file or set of files thatcontain geographic information aboutpolitical subdivisions and boundaries, allcontests and questions to be included inan election, and the candidates for eachcontest.

Election Day; election day: NgyBu C; ngy bu c

election definition: nh ngha vcuc bu c

Definition: Definition of the contests andquestions that will appear on the ballot fora specific election.

election district: qun ht bu c

Definition: Contiguous geographic arearepresented by a public official who is

elected by voters residing within thedistrict boundaries. The district maycover an entire state or politicalsubdivision, may be a portion of thestate or political subdivision, or mayinclude portions of more than onepolitical subdivision.

election division: ban tuyn c

election equipment: dng c dng bu c

election form: dng/n bu c

election fraud: gian ln bu c

election inspector: thanh tra vinbu c

election judge: trng ban bu c

election kit: b h s bu c

election law: lut bu c

election management system: hthng qun l bu c

Definition: Set of processing functionsand databases within a voting systemthat defines, develops and maintainselection databases, performs electiondefinitions and setup functions, formatballots, count votes, consolidates andreport results, and maintains audittrails. Version 1.0 Volume I: VotingSystem Performance GuidelinesAppendix A: Glossary A-10

election materials: cc ti liu buc

election night tabulation: kimphiu vo bui ti cho cuc bu c

See also: election results, results

election officer: vin chc ph trch


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bu c

election officials: cc vin chc lo vbu c

Definition: The people associated withadministering and conducting elections,including government personnel and pollworkers.

election officials training: hun luynca cc vin chc bu c

election order: lnh bu c

election precinct: khu bu c

election precinct officer: vin chc phtrch phn khu bu c

election programming: lp trnh bu c

Definition: Process by which electionofficials or their designees use votingsystem software to logically define theballot for a specific election.

election results: kt qu bu c

election returns: s phiu bu

election seals: cc con du ca cuc buc

election system: h thng bu c

electioneer: ngi vn ng bu c

elections administrator: qun tr vinph trch tuyn c

elections by mail: cc cuc bu c quath

election process: th tc bu c

See also: election system

election registrar: nhn vin ghidanh c tri

election supervisor: gim st vinph trch tuyn c

elective office: chc tuyn c

elector: i biu c tri, c tri

elector candidates: cc ng c vinca i biu c tri

electoral board: y ban tuyn c

Electoral College: i C Tri on

See also: electoral process

Example: A presidential candidatemust receive a majority of 270Electoral College votes to win the

election. (V D: ng c vin tngthng phi nhn c a s phiutrong s 270 phiu bu i C Trion thng c.)

electoral cycle: chu k tuyn c

electoral fraud statutes: cc olut v gian ln trong bu c

electoral process: tin trnh bu c

See also: Electoral College

electoral votes: cc l phiu bu c

electorate: ton b c tri, khu bu c

electro-mechanical voting system:

h thng b phiu bng my in t

electronic cast vote record: h sphiu bu in t

Definition: An electronic version of thecast vote record.

electronic poll book: s ghi chpbng in tca quy phiu

See also: poll book, poll book station

electronic record: h s in t

electronic reporting and trackingsystem (ERTS): h thng theo di vbo co in t (ERTS)


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electronic storage: lu tr trn mngin t, lu tr in t

electronic voter interface: giao dintip xc vi c tri qua mng in t

Definition: Subsystem within a votingsystem which communicates ballotinformation to a voter in video, audio orother alternative format which allows thevoter to select candidates and issues bymeans of vocalization or physical actions.

electronic voter verification: xc minhc tri qua mng in t

electronic voting: b phiu qua mngin t

See also: adjust the contrast of yourballot, electronic voting machine

electronic voting counter: chng trnhm l phiu in t

electronic voting machine: my bphiu in t

See also: voting equipment, voting

system, adjust the contrast of your ballot,electronic voting

Definition: Any system that utilizes anelectronic component. Term is generallyused to refer to DREs.

electronic voting system: h thng bphiu in t

Definition: An electronic voting system isone or more integrated devices that utilizean electronic component for one or more ofthe following functions: ballot presentation,vote capture, vote recording, andtabulation. A DRE is a functionally andphysically integrated electronic votingsystem which provides all four functionselectronically in a single device. An opticalscan (also known as Marksense) systemwhere the voter marks a paper ballot with amarking instrument and then deposits theballot in a tabulation device is partiallyelectronic in that the paper ballot provides

the presentation, vote capture and voterecording functions. An optical scansystem employing a ballot markingdevice adds a second electronic

component for ballot presentation andvote capture functions.

electronically tabulated totals: tngs phiu c m qua mng

eligibility for office: tnh trng hi iu kin gi chc

eligible: hi iu kin

eligible candidates: cc ng c vin

hi iu kin eligible citizens: cc cng dn hi

iu kin

eligible to vote: hi iu kin bphiu

Definition: Same as eligibility to vote.

emergency ballot: l phiu khn cp

emergency slot: khe khn cp

enact: ban hnh

enactment: s ban hnh

enclose: km theo, gi km

encryption: m ha

See also: cryptography and decryption

Definition: Process of obscuringinformation by changing plain text intociphertext for the purpose of securityor privacy.

Example: Voting systems use encryptionto secure election information. (V D:Cc h thng b phiu s dng m s bo mt thng tin v cuc bu c.)

enroll: ghi danh, ng k tham gia

enrollment: s ghi danh


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enrollment statistics: cc d liu thngk v ghi danh

entry: nhp, s ghi vo, s tip nhn

envelope: b th, phong b

equipment: my mc, dng c

See also: voting equipment, votingmachine

erasure: s xa b

error correcting code: m kim tra saist

Definition: Coding system that allows databeing read or transmitted to be checkedfor errors and, when detected, correctsthose errors.

error rate standards: cc tiu chun vmc sai st

established by law: theo lut, theo quinh ca lut php

ethical standards of conduct: cc tiu

chun v hnh vi o c

ethics: o c, cch x th

e-voting: b phiu bng in t

executive branch: nghnh hnh php

exempt: min

exit poll: sthm d cc c tri khi h riphng b phiu ( c lng kt qu buc)

expect a receipt: yu cu giy bin nhn

See also: receipt

Example: After casting a provisional ballotexpect a receipt with information on howto determine if your vote was counted ornot. (V D: Sau khi b l phiu tm, yucu giy bin nhn c thng tin v cchthc xc nh xem l phiu c c

tnh hay khng.)

expedite voting: b phiu nhanh

expenditures: cc khon chi tiu

expense: chi ph, chi tiu

expense report: bo co chi ph, boco v chi tiu

expired: ht hn

extended hours: gi gia hn

extension: gia hn, ko di

EZ Voter Registration: Ghi Danh BPhiu EZ

See also: voter registration, register tovote

Example: The new EZ VoterRegistration allows individuals toregister to vote online. (V D: ThTc Ghi Danh C Tri EZ (EZ VoterRegistration) mi cho php ngi dnghi danh b phiu trc tuyn)

F fail-safe ballot: l phiu cho c tri

chuyn khu vc bu c

fail-safe voter: ctri di ch vcha ghi danh li

fail-safe voting: vic b phiu ca ctri di ch v cha ghi danh li

Fair Ballot Access Act: o Lut SDng L Phiu Cng Bng

Federal: Lin Bang

Federal Court of Appeals: Ta khng


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co lin bang

Federal Discretionary Funds: Ngn quty nghi s dng ca lin bang

Federal District Court: Ta n qun htca lin bang

Federal Election: Cuc bu c lin bang

Federal Election Campaign Act(FECA):) o lut v vn ng tuyn cca lin bang (FECA)

See also: Act of Congress, Help AmericaVote Act (HAVA)

Federal Election Commission (FEC):y ban tuyn c lin bang (FEC)

Federal election inspector: thanh travin tuyn c lin bang

Federal examiner: kim tra vin linbang

See also: federal observer

Federal Information Processing

Standards (FIPS): Cc tiu chun x lthng tin lin bang (FIPS)

Definition: Standards for federal computersystems developed by NIST. Thesestandards are developed when there areno existing industry standards to addressfederal requirements for systeminteroperability, portability of data andsoftware, and computer security.

Federal law: Lut lin bang

Federal observer: Quan st vin ca linbang

See also: federal examiner

Federal office: Vn phng lin bang

Federal Postcard Application (FPCA):

n xin dng bu thip ca lin bang(FPCA)

Federal service voters: Cc c triphc v lin bang

See also: overseas voter, Uniformed

and Overseas Citizens Absentee VotingAct (UOCAVA)

Federal services ballot: L phiucho ctri phc v lin bang

Federal voting assistance: Tr gipb phiu trong cuc bu c lin bang

Federal Voting Assistance

Program: Chng trnh tr gip bphiu trong cuc bu c lin bang

Federal Voting Rights Act: o lutv cc quyn b phiu ca lin bang

Federal Voting Systems Standards

(FVSS): Cc tiu chun v h thngb phiu lin bang (FVSS)

Federal Write-in Absentee

Ballot (FWAB): L phiu khim dincho ng c vin c b sung tn calin bang (FWAB)

Federalist: Ngi ng h ch linbang

federally recognized tribes: cc btc c lin bang cng nhn

felony: trng ti, i hnh

file: h s, np, lp h s (ng t)

file for office: np n tranh c

filing deadline: thi hn cht np hs

See also: deadline

filing electronically: np n quamng in t

filing fees: l ph np n

filing petitions: np n kin ngh


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filing with paper forms: np n bngmu n giy

fill: in, t kn

fill in the oval: t kn trn

fill out: in

finalize your vote: hon thnh th tcb phiu ca qu v

financial disclosure reports: cc boco tit l ti chnh

find your polling location: tm a im

b phiu ca qu vSee also: polling place, poll

fine: tin pht

fire chief: trng nha cu ha

fire commissioner: y vin nha cu ha

firmware: phn cng

Definition: Computer programming stored

in programmable read-only memory thusbecoming a permanent part of thecomputing device. It is created and testedlike software.

first-time registrant: ngi ghi danh bphiu ln u tin

first-time voter: c tri ln u tin ibu

fiscal: ti kha

fiscal statement: bn kt ton ti chnh

fixed resident: thng tr nhn

flap: vt, vnh

fold: gp

fold each ballot: gp mi l phiu

for Election Day use only: ch dnh

s dng trong Ngy Bu C

for voting by mail: dnh cho bphiu qua th

form: mu

formal complaint: khiu ni chnhthc

See also: voter concern form

Example: The voter filed a formalcomplaint. (V D: C trinp nkhiu nichnh thc.)

forms of identification: cc hnhthc giy t nhn dng

See also: identifying documents, showidentification, voter identification card

Example: A voter needs to provide oneof the following forms of identificationwhen registering to vote. (V D: C tricn cung cp mt trong cc loi giyt nhn dng sau y khi ghi danh bphiu.)

fraud: gian ln

fraud hotline: ng dy khn bo v sgian ln

fraudulent: gian ln (tnh t)

fraudulently registering to vote:ghi danh b phiu mt cch gian ln

free from coercion or intimidation:khng b p buc hay e da

See also: Civil Rights Act of 1964

Example: A voter's experience at thepolls should be free from coercion orintimidation. (V D: Khi c mt tiquy phiu, c tri s khng b p buchoce da.)

Freedom Socialist Party: ng XHi T Do


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full representation: i din hon ton

full-screen: trn mn hnh, ton b mnhnh

Functional Configuration Audit (FCA):

Kim tra thc dng thng s cu hnh

Definition: Exhaustive verification of everysystem function and combination offunctions cited in the vendorsdocumentation. The FCA verifies theaccuracy and completeness of thesystems voter manual, operationsprocedures, maintenance procedures, anddiagnostic testing procedures. Version 1.0

Volume I: Voting System PerformanceGuidelines Appendix A: Glossary A-11

functional test: kim tra tnh nng

Definition: Test performed to verify orvalidate the accomplishment of a functionor a series of functions.

functions: cc tnh nng

fund: qu, ti tr

fundraising: gy qu

See also: running for office, campaign

G general: tng qut

general assembly: i hi ng lp php

general election: cuc tng tuyn c

general election review: duyt xt vcuc tng tuyn c

general municipal election: cuc tngtuyn c thnh ph

general primary: cuc tng tuyn cs b

general provisions: cc iu khonqui nh tng qut

general registrar: nhn vin ghidanh tng qut

gerrymandering: ssp xp khu vcbu c ginh phn thng trong cuctuyn c

governing board: y ban iu hnh,hi ng qun tr

governing body: t chc iu hnh

governing member: thnh vin baniu hnh

government: chnh ph

governor: thng c

Green Independent: ng Xanh cLp

Green Party: ng Xanh

grounds for recall: cc l do minnhim, cc l do bi chc

group affidavit: bn chng th theonhm

gubernatorial: thuc thng c

See also: governor

gubernatorial election: cuc bu cthng c bang

gubernatorial general election:cuc tng tuyn c thng c bang

gubernatorial primary election:cuc bu c s b thng c bang

guidelines: hng dn, cc qui nhhng dn

See also: policy


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Example: The state provides generalguidelines for administering elections. (VD: Tiu bang c cc qui nh hng dntng qut v th tc iu hnh cc cucbu c).

H handicapped: khuyt tt

See also: Americans with Disabilities Act(ADA), wheelchair accessible, disabledvoters

hanging chads: cc mu giy c l cndnh li

See also: chad, punch card

Example: Hanging chads occur when avote is not punched through completely.(V D: Trng hp cc mu giy clcn dnh li xy ra khi mt l phiu khng

c c thng hon ton.)

hard money: tin vt v kim c

hash: hm bm

Definition: Algorithm that maps a bitstring of arbitrary length to a fixed-lengthbit string

hash function: hm bm (t d cho nkhi no c kt qu)

Definition: A function that maps a bitstring of arbitrary length to a fixed-lengthbit string. Approved hash functions satisfythe following properties: 1. (one-way) It iscomputationally infeasible to find anyinput that maps to any pre-specifiedoutput, and 2. (collision-resistant) It iscomputationally infeasible to find any twodistinct inputs that map to the sameoutput.

hearing: thnh gic, iu trn

Example: The election board conducteda

Documents

Eng-Vietnamese Election Glossary_Election