endocrine3.ppt

7/29/2019 endocrine3.ppt

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Located near the midline inthe anterior portion of thethoracic cavity. Posterior to the sternum

and slightly superior to theheart. Function: important role inthe immune system.

Secretion: Thymosin whichstimulates maturation oflymphocytes into T cells ofthe immune system.


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Inflammation of the thymus gland.

Usually benign tumor derived from the tissue of thethymus.

Rare malignant tumor of the thymus gland.


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Surgical removal of the thymus gland.


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Located in the centralportion of the brain. Function: known toinfluence the sleep wakefulness cycle.

Secretion: Melatonininfluences the sleep andwakefulness portions ofthe circadian cycle.

Circadian cycle: refersto the biologic functionsthat occur within a 24-hour period.


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Any disorder of the pineal gland.


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Surgical removal of the pineal body.


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Female: ovaries Male: testicles Gamete-producing glands Gamete: reproductive

cell which is the sperm inmale and ova in female.Gonadotropic hormone

(gonadotropin): hormonethat stimulates the gonads.


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Function: secrete hormones responsible for thedevelopment of secondary sex characteristics.

Secondary sex characteristics are traits thatdistinguish the two sexes of a species, but that are not

directly part of the reproductive system.

Female: enlarged breasts, lower height than men, widerhips than shoulders, less facial hair, functional mammary

glands, more subcutaneous fat, fat deposits mainly aroundthe buttocks, thighs and hips.


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Testosterone stimulates the development of male

secondary sex characteristics.


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Ovaries: estrogen/progesterone

ESTROGEN:- development and maintenance of female secondary sexcharacteristics and regulation of menstrual cycle.


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Ovaries: estrogen/progesterone

PROGESTERONE:- hormone released during the 2nd half of menstrual cycle

by the corpus luteum in the ovary which complete thepreparations for pregnancy.- if pregnancy occurs, placenta takes over production ofprogesterone.

- if pregnancy does not occur, secretion of hormone stopsand is followed by the menstrual period.


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Organ formed during pregnancy

that allows exchange of nutrients,oxygen, waste products betweenmother and child. After birth, placenta isexpelled.Human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG): hormone secreted by theplacenta during pregnancy. HCG stimulates corpus luteum

to continue producing hormonesrequired to maintain pregnancy;also stimulates hormones requiredto stimulate lactation afterchildbirth.


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Condition of excessive secretion of hormones by the sexglands. Can appear either before or after puberty. Before puberty: actually prods puberty into action. After puberty: those diagnosed exhibit the same effects

as the prepubescent. Causes the same changes in both men and women, including:

increased acneadded musculature

unusual growth of body hairsudden mood swingsgrowth in the breasts

Rarer than hypogonadism


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Condition of deficient secretion of hormones by the sex

glands. Can appear either before or after puberty. Before puberty:

lack of menstruation & breast development in girls

lessened muscular & beard growth in boys infertility & shortened height in both sexes

After puberty: loss of menstruation & sudden onset of hot flashes

in girls breast enlargement, muscle degeneration, and loss

of beard in men infertility & lack of sexual desire in both sexes


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SurgeryRadiationGenetic and developmental disordersLiver and kidney disease

InfectionCertain autoimmune disordersTumors


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Condition of excessivemammary development inthe male. Caused by hormonalchanges during puberty Most of the time,treatment is not necessary

gyneco: femalemast: breast


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endocrine3.ppt