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Elsevier S&T Books • Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

This document includes general guidelines designed to help you meet Elsevier’s manuscript requirements, reducing queries and saving your time during the copyediting, typesetting and proofing of your book. If you have any queries or concerns in relation to these guidelines, please contact your Editorial Project Manager (EPM), who will be able to provide assistance. Your EPM will be in frequent contact as you write your manuscript – please follow the delivery schedule as outlined in your contract and let your EPM know immediately if you are unsure about or envisage any delay in your delivery schedule.

1. Who’s Who: The People Working On Your Elsevier Book ............................................................................................ 2

2. The Basics of Formatting Your Manuscript ............................................................................................................... 3

3. Text Formatting and Copyediting Guidelines .............................................................................................................. 5

4. Artwork and Table Guidelines .................................................................................................................................... 8

5. Abstracts and Keywords ......................................................................................................................................... 10

6. Additional Deliverables ........................................................................................................................................... 12

7. Permissions .............................................................................................................................................................. 13

8. References: Elsevier’s 9 Standard Reference Styles ................................................................................................... 17

9. Submission .............................................................................................................................................................. 28

10. Overview of the Production Process ..................................................................................................................... 29

11. Using EMSS ............................................................................................................................................................. 30

12. Chapter Template ................................................................................................................................................... 35

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1. WHO’S WHO: THE PEOPLE WORKING ON YOUR ELSEVIER BOOK

There will be several people working with you on your book at Elsevier. This page will explain what each of them does, and how to contact them.

ACQUISITIONS EDITOR OR “AE”

Your Acquisitions Editor, or “AE”, is the person responsible for your contract. They are probably the first person you discussed the book with at Elsevier, and they will have negotiated all the contract terms with you.

If you aren’t sure who your AE is, ask your EPM.

EDITORIAL PROJECT MANAGER OR “EPM”

Your Editorial Project Manager, or “EPM”, is your main contact at Elsevier while your book is being written. They are responsible for chasing your drafts, organising your cover, updating the submission site, and the day-to-day management of your book.

If you have a question and aren’t sure who to ask, email them! - they can put you in touch with the right person.

COPYRIGHTS COORDINATOR

Your Copyrights Coordinator, or “CC”, is an expert on Permissions and Rights. They can help with any queries regarding permissions and rights. You should also return your Permissions Log to them.

If you aren’t sure who your CC is, ask your EPM.

RIGHTS ASSOCIATE

Your Rights Associate, or “RA”, is responsible for sending out contractual documents including Contributor Agreements. They will be in touch to ask you to complete any contractual documents necessary to allow publication of your work.

If you aren’t sure who your CC is, ask your EPM.

PAYMENTS INFORMATION MANAGER (PIM)

Your Payments Information Manager (PIM), is responsible for setting up, and sending out, your payments. This may include royalties, as well as honorariums.

If you aren’t sure who your PIM is, ask your EPM.

PRODUCTION MANAGER (PM)

Your Production Manager, or PM, is responsible for making your manuscript into a physical book. Your EPM will introduce them to you once your book is in production. They will need feedback on proofs and other elements in order to complete your book.

If you aren’t sure who your PM is, ask your EPM.

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2. THE BASICS OF FORMATTING YOUR MANUSCRIPT This section outlines the most important aspects for laying out your manuscript. For more detail, please see the later sections. As always, if you are still uncertain after reading these guidelines, please contact your EPM, who will be happy to help.

SOFTWARE: WORD OR LATEX?

You may use either Microsoft Word or LaTeX to write your manuscript.

• Standard manuscripts should be written in Microsoft Word. • LaTeX should be used for manuscripts which are equation-intensive. • For LaTeX manuscripts, please email your EPM to request a copy of our LaTeX Template and instruction before

you start work. • When submitting LaTeX manuscripts, you must submit a PDF copy of the manuscript alongside your zipped

folder of source files. Both Editorial and Production will use this to run important checks and to ensure the book is laid out correctly.

If you wish to use any other software, please consult your editor at Elsevier before starting work. There are other resources here: https://vtex-soft.github.io/texsupport.elsevier-book/ you can use in order to create and compile the latex files for submission. Please remember to submit a PDF with the final files.

YOUR MANUSCRIPT FILES AND FIGURES

Please save each element (Preface, Chapter, Appendix, etc.) as a separate file.

• Save files using a logical, sequential file name, e.g. Ch01.doc. • Do not use spaces or special characters (e.g. #?!%) in file names.

Figures should be provided as separate files, not embedded in the manuscript. This is to ensure the quality is preserved in print.

• Save each figure as a separate file with the chapter and figure number, e.g. “Fig.1.2.tif” would indicate Figure 2, in Chapter 1.

• Figures should be uploaded to the “Figures” tab on the EMSS chapter page. • Indicate the appropriate position for figures, tables, computer code, etc., by inserting a phrase into the MS at the

correct point, e.g. ‘FIGURE 2.1 HERE’. • Only provide 1 example of each figure; two copies of a single figure can create confusion and delay at production

stage. • You must obtain permissions for any 3rd-party figures used; please see References and Permissions for more

information. Equations, tables, and/or text boxes should be embedded in the text, not uploaded as separate files in EMSS.

• Equations should be generated using MathType or MathML and imported individually into your text. If you wish to use any other software, please consult your EPM before starting work.

• Tables should be numbered within the text using the same format as figures, i.e. Table 1.1, 1.2, etc. • Text boxes can be used to highlight key information. These should also be numbered sequentially, e.g. Box 1.1,

1.2 etc. and kept within the manuscript (do not submit in image formats). • The start and the end of text boxes should also be noted to allow for easier typesetting.

SPELLING

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Be consistent with spelling.

• US English is preferred but UK English is also acceptable.

• Please tell your EPM if you are unable to provide your manuscript in either US or UK English.

HEADINGS

Do not attempt to style your manuscript to make it look like a final typeset, printed book. • Please do use consistent formatting (e.g. bold, font size) across the manuscript to indicate different heading

levels, e.g.

First level heading Second level heading

Third level heading

Please see the Chapter Template for an example of how to lay out your manuscript so that it is ready for typesetting.

REFERENCES AND PERMISSIONS

You must reference any published work which you have referred to, used as a source, or directly quoted from. We are not able to publish a book without accurate references, and failure to include them will result in your manuscript being returned for editing.

• List your references at the end of each chapter. Any references not directly cited in the text of the chapter will be collated by our copyeditors, and printed at the end of the book, in a list entitled “Further Reading”.

• You should use one of Elsevier’s 9 Standard Reference Styles. A guide to each of these is included in this document. Please refer to your editor or Elsevier contact (if applicable) to find out which one of these to use.

• You should use the same reference style throughout the book. • You must include all publication information for your sources; please see References for details of the

information which must be included. • Avoid the use of cross-references and footnotes. • For further information on Permissions, please refer to that section in this document.

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3. TEXT FORMATTING AND COPYEDITING GUIDELINES

The subsequent guidelines will be followed by the copyeditor working on your project to ensure global consistency within Elsevier products. If you have strong objections to any of the listed points, please notify your Elsevier contact upon receipt of this document to discuss any deviations for your project.

Please follow these guidelines for formatting your work as far as you can, to minimise rework at production stage.

In this guide information is provided under the following six key headings:

1. Headings 2. Names and Affiliations 3. Spelling and Capitalisation 4. Punctuation 5. Abbreviations 6. Units of measurement and time

NOTE ON RACISM AND SEXISM

Please be aware of the possible effects of any racist or sexist language in your text and modify it.

Do not make generalizations on the grounds of race, nationality or sex. Use ‘he or she’ in full rather than ‘s/he’ or ‘she/he’ (the same applies for ‘him or her’). Repeated use of ‘he or she’ can be cumbersome so try to rework the text to avoid this, e.g. the sentence can usually be reworked using a person’s name or job title (e.g. ‘the doctor’, ‘the user’) or using the plural (‘they’ ‘them’ etc.). It is not acceptable to use ‘he’ throughout the text with a disclaimer in the prelims stating that for ‘he’ read ‘he/she’.

Job titles are frequently discriminatory. The suffixes ‘ette’ and ‘ess’ are often unnecessary, e.g. use ‘manager’ rather than ‘manageress’. Alternatively, a different term can be used, e.g. ‘flight attendant’ rather than ‘air hostess’.

1. HEADINGS

Do not attempt to style your manuscript to make it look like a final typeset, printed book.

• Please do use consistent formatting (e.g. bold, font size) across the manuscript to indicate different heading levels, e.g.

First level heading Second level heading

Third level heading

Use of italic or bold for emphasis within the text is discouraged. Italic may be used to introduce new terms, but such use should be kept to a minimum. In all instances, observe the conventions of Latin binomials (italics, initial capital for genus, lowercase italics for species). Use italic for foreign phrases but not those that have become familiar through constant use (e.g., “in situ,” “via,” “in vitro”).

Please see the Chapter Template for an example of how to lay out your manuscript so that it is ready for typesetting.

2. NAMES AND AFFILIATIONS

Names and affiliations should appear in English and in the following form:

• Name, as provided by the author (should initials be present they should be followed by periods with no space between multiple initials), including all contributors involved in the chapter.

• Department/division names (if supplied). • Institution/organization, city, state/province/territory (for United States/Canada two-letter postal service

format, Australia three-letter format), and country (written out in full).

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For Health Science titles, qualifications and academic position/role, should be included in the order supplied by the author.

3. SPELLING AND CAPITALISATION

If you are unable to deliver your manuscript in the UK/US spelling convention specified, please make your Elsevier contact aware.

Capitalization should be kept to a minimum.

• Use initial capitals for specific features in the book itself (e.g., “Fig. 1.1,” “Table 4-1,” “Chapter 3”). “Figure,” “Chapter,” “Box,” “Plate” and “Table” should begin with a capital letter only if they appear with a number.

• Proprietary drug names begin with a capital letter (e.g., Aldomet, Marcain, Ventolin), as do registered trade names (e.g., Formica, Perspex, Teflon). However, a generic drug name (e.g., paracetamol) is lowercase. Present the generic name first, followed by the proprietary name in parentheses, for example “diazepam (Valium)”.

• Do not use register marks or trademarks (i.e., ™ and ®) unless a MATLAB or NCLEX title. Using the proper spelling and capitalization of the name of the product is sufficient for publications that are not advertising or sales materials.

Grammar usage should be consistent.

• Use plurals correctly and consistently. Although the trend is toward English plurals, some words have only a Latin plural or the Latin plural is preferred (e.g., “vertebra”/“vertebrae”). Consider these variations and advise your Elsevier contact of your preference.

• Some words have both “-ic” and “-ical” endings, depending on their meaning. Please state whether you have a preference.

• The term “patient” is preferred over “client” in most instances. If your preferred terminology is different for example in social-work texts, please advise your Elsevier contact.

• Eponyms (possessive or plain) are variable depending on the field of study and author preference. For medical material, do not use possessive eponyms.

References: please see further detail here.

• Ensure that all Hyperlinks are active. • Footnotes and endnotes are discouraged within body text. If the presence of footnotes or endnotes within the

chapter is unavoidable, please flag this with your Elsevier contact. • When Cross-references appear within the text of a chapter, it is recommended they are structured to specific

content using a chapter number and the nearest main heading (e.g., “see Chapter 1, Climate Variability”) rather than referencing a page number.

• Use superscript, lowercase, roman letters (a,b,c) to indicate references to footnotes in a table body. • Uncited references present in Science and Technology reference lists but not cited within the text will be

moved to a separate section entitled Further Reading.

4. PUNCTUATION

In general, punctuation will be corrected by our copyediting team in Production.

Do not use commas in 4-digit numbers except when needed for alignment in tables.

Do not use a comma between a figure number and part letter when referring to figures in the text (e.g., “In Fig. 4.4B”).

• Use “Fig.” referring to “Figure” followed by a figure number and “Eq.” referring to “Equation” followed by an equation number, even at the beginning of sentences. Use “Figs.” and “Eqs.” for reference to multiple figures/equations unless you are using UK English where a period should not be used after a contraction.

US style uses “double” quotation marks, with periods and commas inside quotation marks and other punctuation placed outside, unless they are part of the text being quoted, and ‘single’ marks for quotes within quotes. UK and Australian styles use ‘single’ quotation marks, with closing punctuation outside marks (unless it belongs to the quoted material) and “double” marks for quotes within quotes.

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5. ABBREVIATIONS

Where possible please supply a list of abbreviations to ensure consistency throughout the work.

• Use “Fig.” referring to “Figure” followed by a figure number and “Eq.” referring to “Equation” followed by an equation number, even at the beginning of sentences. Use “Figs.” and “Eqs.” for reference to multiple figures/equations unless you are using UK English where a period should not be used after a contraction.

• Avoid abbreviations in headings. • Abbreviations and acronyms should be capitals and closed up, with no periods (e.g., WHO, BBC, UNESCO,

NMR, UV, IR, ESR, CAT, AIDS, DNA, RNA). A few abbreviations contain all lowercase letters (e.g., “tid”) or a mixture of capitals and lowercase letters (e.g., BSc, PhD).

• The following are exceptions to no periods in abbreviations/acronyms: o Initials of a person or company used in text (e.g., R.R. Donnelly, R.D. Laing). o p. and pp. (in text), although page numbers are discouraged. o Abbreviations of a genus and species (H. influenzae).

• If a term is plural, use the plural version of the abbreviation (e.g., “WBCs” for white blood cells [nb, no apostrophe]).

6. UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS OF TIME

Units:

• Spell percent as one word (“percent” not “per cent”). Use of the percent symbol (%) is preferred after Arabic numerals in scientific writing. Percentage ranges should always use % after both numbers in the range e.g., 10%–15%, 10% to 15%.

• In technical and scientific writing, only numbers below 10 should be spelled out, and then only if they are not units of measure or time. Usages such as “24/7,” “365 days/year,” “12h/day,” “12 hours a day,” “24 hours a day,” or “365 days a year” are all acceptable as long as they are used consistently.

• Use the degree sign (“°”) for temperature and the word “degree” for angle measurements. • Ranges of dosages should be represented as “a dosage of 2–5 mg.” • Simple fractions are hyphenated: “two-thirds,” “one-quarter,” “one-fourth.” • Use numerals, not words, to express ages, percentages, temperatures, addresses, dates, units of measure,

times, sums of money, and page numbers, except when a number begins a sentence. If a number must be written out, so should the unit of measure that follows (e.g., “Five milligrams”).

• Decimal points should be on the line. Decimals below one should always carry a zero before the decimal point, except in contexts where decimal quantities must be 1.00 or less, as in probabilities, correlation coefficients, and so forth, in which a zero is typically omitted before the decimal point (e.g., “P < .5”).

• You may use any system of measurement, although SI units of measure are preferred, as long as the unit of measure is used consistently.

• There is no space in 25%, 45°C or 30°N. • The solidus (i.e., “/”) replacing “per” should be used only once in any expression (e.g., “mg/kg per day”). • Unit of volume: use uppercase “L” for liter (i.e., “L,” “mL”). • Do not shorten numerals in a range of values: “25–29 mg,” not “25–9 mg.” • If your material contains equations, make sure you have completed the “Equations Style Sheet Checklist” and

given a copy to your Elsevier contact.

Measurements of Time:

• If abbreviating “seconds,” “minutes,” and “hours” in the main text, use the following standard abbreviations: “s” for seconds, “min” for minutes and “h” for hours.

• Dates should be contracted (e.g., “1978–79,” not “1978–1979”) unless over the end of a century (e.g., “1978–2003”). An en dash should be used for date ranges. “BCE” (before common era) follows the date and “CE” (common era) precedes it, thus “850 BCE” but “CE 1989.” Should you wish to retain the use of “BC” (before Christ) and “AD” (anno domini) please advise your Elsevier contact. Avoid vague phrases that may date the book (e.g., “in the past decade,” “will soon be introduced”). It is better to replace these with specific dates.

Avoid quoting specific prices of goods and services; if these must be included, indicate the year for which these are valid.

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4. ARTWORK AND TABLE GUIDELINES

You may wish to include tables, photographs, graphs or other figures in your manuscript. This section will explain the requirements for those figures, how to format and submit the figures with your manuscript, and which figures require permissions.

FIGURE REQUIREMENTS

Figures, especially images, must be submitted with sufficient quality to be printed and appear professional in the finished book. Please check all figures before submitting to ensure they meet these standards, and contact your EPM if you are unsure.

• Acceptable file types for artwork include .eps, .jpg, and .tif. We cannot accept wb3, .3d, .rtf, .csv or .docm formats.

• Photographs and Halftones should be supplied with at least 300 dpi resolution.

• Line drawings should be supplied with 600 dpi.

• Screenshots must be at least 72 dpi.

• To check the dpi of your image (Office), open your “Pictures” gallery, right-click the file you wish to check, and select “Properties”. Select the tab labelled “Details”; the list will include “Horizontal resolution” and “Vertical resolution”, measured in dpi.

Unless agreed otherwise with your editor, figures will appear in black and white in the printed book, and (where applicable) in colour in the online version (ebook). Please ensure that all figures are suitable for the reader to understand in black and white.

Please only provide 1 example of each figure; two copies of a single figure can create confusion and delay at production stage.

FIGURE FORMATTING

Figures should be provided as separate files, not embedded in the manuscript. This is to ensure the quality is preserved in print.

• Number and refer to each figure sequentially, e.g. the fifth figure in chapter four would be Figure 4.5. Consider any type of photograph, line drawing or small ‘in-text’ image a figure and number accordingly.

• Figures should be uploaded to the “Figures” tab on the EMSS chapter page.

• Indicate clearly the appropriate position for content provided separately, e.g. figures, tables, computer code, etc., by inserting a phrase into the MS at the correct point, e.g. ‘FIGURE 2.1 HERE’.

• Identify figures within the text by figure number e.g. “as you can see in Figure 7.9” instead of “in the next figure” or “as you can see above”. Please ensure all Figures and Tables are mentioned in your manuscript.Please ensure that if you have figure parts - for example (a), (b) and (c) - they are also referred to and explained in the caption.

• If your book is a new edition, e.g. 2nd edition, and you are reusing any figures, you need to include the old figure number as well as the new. This allows the production team to identify them from the old edition files and ensures they place the correct figure in the correct place. The note in the manuscript would therefore read, e.g., “[Fig. 1.25 (old Fig. 1.23) Rolling element bearings].”

• Please confirm the spelling convention to be used in the book with your EPM before submitting your figures to ensure consistency.

Tables should be embedded in the text, not uploaded as separate files in EMSS.

• Tables should be numbered within the text using the same format as figures, i.e. Table 1.1, 1.2, etc.

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FIGURE PERMISSIONS

It is best to use original figures, tables and photographs if possible. If a figure, photograph or table has been taken or drawn by someone else, or published anywhere else, you will need to seek permission for its use. Please see the Permissions section for further information on obtaining permission. You can also contact your Copyrights Coordinator if you are unsure whether a figure requires permissions, or of the process to gain permissions.

If figures need to be redrawn from drafts or examples, please get in touch with your EPM who will be able to provide further guidance.

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5. ABSTRACTS AND KEYWORDS

As an author, editor, or contributor, you are required to prepare a short abstract and key word list for each chapter in your book, to be delivered along with each completed chapter.

1. WHY ARE ABSTRACTS AND KEYWORD LISTS REQUIRED?

• Abstracts and keywords help to classify and identify the content of your book, helping readers to find content more effectively, and assisting in the sales of your book.

• They are used to direct readers online to chapters and content of relevance to them. • They enable and improve the discovery of content through online searches. • They assist with the grouping of the content of your book with that from other Elsevier titles, which helps our

marketing and sales teams to target the needs of specific customers or sectors.

2. DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS

Abstracts and key word lists should be delivered with the other manuscript materials for your project.

• For an example of how they should be formatted within the manuscript, please consult the Chapter Template.

3. TIMING

It is important that your abstracts and keyword lists are delivered at the same time as the rest of your manuscript materials, so they can be worked on by Elsevier’s Production Department alongside the rest of your book.

4. GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING A CHAPTER ABSTRACT

A chapter abstract is a concise and factual summary of the content of each chapter within the book.

• Please Note: you should also prepare an abstract for appendices if they contain substantive text, data, or content that can be abstracted or summarized.

The suggested length for each chapter abstract is 100-150 words.

• It should provide a brief review of the main content and theme of the chapter. • Do not refer to any topics or material is not included in the chapter being abstracted. • Avoid non-standard language, terms and abbreviations if possible, and always define abbreviations at their first

mention in the abstract itself. Include the abstract in your manuscript at the start of each chapter, under the heading ‘Non-print items’ (see Chapter Template). This heading is used to indicate to the typesetter that the abstract is not to be included in the printed edition of your work.

5. GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING A CHAPTER KEYWORD LIST

A keyword is any significant word or phrase used to describe the contents of a chapter, or a significant or descriptive word or phrase used as a reference point for finding information on the topic of the chapter.

• Provide 5—10 keywords for each chapter. • Use American spelling. • Avoid general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, “and”, “of”). • Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field are eligible. • Provide the list of keywords in your manuscript, immediately below the abstract (see Chapter Template). • If you have any queries on the writing of abstracts or keywords please contact Elsevier.

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6. EXAMPLE OF ABSTRACT AND KEYWORDS PROVIDED IN MANUSCRIPT FORM

For an example of how to lay out your abstract and keywords within your manuscript, please see the Chapter Template.

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6. ADDITIONAL DELIVERABLES

The following additional text elements may be appropriate or desirable for provision with your manuscript.

Any that are included should be submitted alongside the final manuscript.

• Dedication and/or Acknowledgements • *Foreword Usually written by a prominent outside authority to place the book in the context of its field • *Preface or Introduction To provide an overview of the book, its organization and unique appeal • Glossary or Nomenclature list To list technical words, abbreviations or equations used in the book • Appendices Supporting material or material for inclusion that is beyond the scope of the main text • Ancillary or website content If previously agreed with your editor or included in your contract, ancillary or

website content to accompany your book should be provided with your final manuscript • *List of Authors with affiliation details for each author

*For Editor’s attention only

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7. PERMISSIONS

As an Elsevier book author, you are required contractually to represent and warrant that your work is original and previously unpublished except for third-party material for which you have obtained appropriate permission. You further must indemnify Elsevier if it turns out that these representations and warranties have been breached (e.g. if you haven’t obtained proper permission or have infringed or plagiarized a third-party rightsholder). Therefore, it is extremely important to identify correctly any and all third-party material which requires permission. We recommend you use original, unpublished artwork, tables and other content in your manuscript whenever possible. If you choose to reproduce previously published material, written permission must be obtained from the rightsholder for re-use in both print and electronic formats. This includes any published work which you have referred to, used as a source, or directly quoted from – even if you were the author of the work, and even if it was published by Elsevier previously. We are not able to publish a book without permissions and references, and failure to include them will result in your manuscript being returned for editing. Any work for which you required permissions must also be referenced in your work, including all relevant publication information; please see References for details of the information which must be included.

Permissions must be obtained by the author of the chapter. Unless otherwise stated in your contract, it is your responsibility as the author to obtain permission to use any third-party material, and to pay any associated permission fees. You will be contacted by your title’s Copyright Coordinator, who will provide you with a Permissions Log and an FAQ for the permissions process. You will need to complete this permission log documenting all material (both third-party and original) appearing in your contribution and provide the completed log and copies of all permission grant letters to the permissions coordinator along with your manuscript.

WHAT MATERIALS REQUIRE PERMISSIONS?

When you submit your manuscript, you must also include signed permission forms from the copyright holder (usually the publisher) for all borrowed material.

COMMON MATERIAL REQUIRING PERMISSION

• Photographs (unless, of course you actually took the photo yourself), line illustrations or other artwork (whether or not modified from the original source), quotes in excess of 300 words from a book-length source (or 150 words from a journal or 50 words from a newspaper).

• Some tables and charts may also require permission, if they are creative—that is more than simple collections of facts. Factual, non-creative tables and charts, such as lists of commonly used drugs, or survival rates for a certain surgical procedure, do not require permission. However, as with all borrowed materials, please be sure to include a credit line to the source. If you have any questions about whether a table requires permission, please contact your Copyrights Coordinator. If you have not requested permission for a table or chart because you believe that it does not require permission, please be sure to include a note to this effect in your manuscript so we know you haven’t simply overlooked it. Tables, citing only a single source, will need permission if the table is laid out in a substantially similar way to the graphical presentation of the same table. If there are two or more sources for data within a table, then these sources should be acknowledged.

• Any material borrowed from a source that should be credited in a courtesy line, unless the source is an individual, rather than an institution or another publisher.

MATERIAL IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN

• Some materials may be in the public domain, and thus do not require permission. In general, public domain materials fall into two categories: publications of the United States Government, and works whose copyright terms have expired (essentially everything published more than 75 years ago). Materials found on the Internet are NOT automatically in the public domain.

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PERMISSION TO USE ELSEVIER PUBLICATIONS Whenever possible, we recommend using material from other Elsevier publications. The following list shows all current Elsevier imprints:

Academic Press Amirsys Baillière Tindall Butterworth-Heinemann (US) Cell Press Chandos Publishing Churchill Livingstone CPM Resource Center Digital Press Elsevier BV/Inc/Ltd Elsevier Current Trends ExitCare Grune & Stratton Gulf Professional Publishing Gulf Publishing Company Hanley & Belfus Knovel Lancet Masson Medicine Publishing Morgan Kaufmann Mosby Mosby-Wolfe Newnes North-Holland Pergamon Press Saunders Syngress Urban & Fischer Verlag William Andrew Woodhead Publishing Wright of Bristol Yearbook

Applying for permission to use Elsevier material:

1. DataSearch: Use this site to search all of our Elsevier content for figures, table, data sets etc. This avoids high cost permission fees and allows you to apply through Rightslink for Elsevier figures hosted on ScienceDirect. Find DataSearch at https://datasearch.elsevier.com

2. Rightslink: Permission to reproduce material from another publisher in an Elsevier product can typically be obtained via Rightslink’s automated permission-granting service. For more information about using Rightslink to obtain permission, please visit our Obtaining Permission guide at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/copyright/permissions .

3. Permission Forms: For permission to reuse content which is not hosted on ScienceDirect please fill in the form at https://www.elsevier.com/authors/permission-request-form

PERMISSION TO USE NON-ELSEVIER PUBLICATIONS

Elsevier is part of a consortium of STM publishers who facilitate many routine permission requests among the group’s publisher signatories. For more information about the STM Permissions Guidelines, please visit http://www.stm-assoc.org/copyright-legal-affairs/permissions/permissions-guidelines/ .

NEW EDITIONS OF A PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED BOOK

If your manuscript is a revision of a previous edition, you must request permission again for any borrowed material, unless you have on file a permission letter granting unrestricted permission for use in all editions. Most publishers restrict permission to one edition (“one time use only”). Regrettably you may need to re-obtain permission for anything you are reusing, in order to adequately cover this and future editions and the terms of use for print and electronic media, etc.

CREDIT LINES

Please include the following in your credit line for each borrowed piece:

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Journal article: Article author(s), article title, name of journal, volume number, issue number, page number where item appears, year of publication

Book: Chapter author(s), chapter title, book editor(s), book title, page number where borrowed item appears, city of publication, publisher, year

A full citation must be provided for any material borrowed from any publication. A photocopy of the borrowed material must also be included for reference.

Data sources and credit lines should appear with the figure/table caption to which they refer. A credit line is always preceded by “Reproduced with permission from,” “Modified from,” “Data from,” “From,” “Based on,” or “Courtesy” (not “Courtesy of”) and may be followed by the page number.

For details on how to format these credit lines, please see References.

PERMISSION REQUEST FORMS

If you wish to re-use figures, tables, or other third-party material previously published in a book, journal, website, or other product, you must obtain written permission from the rightsholder (often but not always the copyright holder) of the material.

Permission should be obtained for “this and all subsequent editions, revisions, versions, derivative works, translations, ancillaries, adaptations, supplementary materials, and custom editions, in all languages, in all formats and media now known or hereafter developed, throughout the world and in perpetuity.”

If permission is not granted, or if permission is granted with unreasonable restrictions, the material cannot be used.

As the permission-seeking process can be lengthy, please allow a minimum of six to eight weeks, if not longer, to obtain permission for all items.

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8. REFERENCES: ELSEVIER’S 9 STANDARD REFERENCE STYLES The automatic conversion of authors’ unstructured references into consistent and correct XML references has been perfected by suppliers over the past decade. However, achieving this result, particularly in regard to punctuation, requires detailed programming. If a standard reference style is not adopted for a book and an unstructured (non- Elsevier standard) style is used, this would require new extensive programming for each new title. This approach proves inefficient, expensive and time consuming, therefore a fixed number of standard styles have been chosen for use in all of our books which are XML-rendered.

The following Elsevier standard reference styles are available:

1. Numbered Style – Numbered 2. Harvard Style – Name–date 3. Vancouver Style – Numbered 4. Embellished Vancouver Style – Numbered 5. APA style – Name–date 6. AMA Style – Numbered 7. Standard Saunders Style – Name–date 8. Numbered Saunders Style – Numbered 9. ACS – Numbered

9a. ACS – Superscript numbered 9b. ACS – Name-date

Further detail on each of these styles can be found below; please click each style to skip directly to a summary of Elsevier’s standard for that style. Note: These standard reference styles are versions developed for Elsevier’s needs, and may differ from the official version. Some of these styles are based on accepted international standards, such as Vancouver and APA (American Psychological Association) styles; others are based on traditional styles that have been in use for many years within specific disciplines.

1. NUMBERED STYLE

In-text citations Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.

Example: “..... as demonstrated [3, 6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ....”

Reference list Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

[1] A. Paivio, B. Jansen, L.J. Becker, Comparisons through the mind’s eye, Cognition 37 (2) (1975) 635–647.

References/citations in the text

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications should not be in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. Citation of a reference as “in press” implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Citing and listing web references

As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

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[2] A.W.C. Yuen, Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy, Epilepsia 35 (Suppl. 5) (1994) S33–S36. [3] R. Glaser, L. Bond (Eds.), Testing: Concepts and Research, American Psychologist 36 (10) (1981) (special issue). [4] N. Yasuda, S.-i. Takagi, A. Toriumi, Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films, in: T. Hattori, K. Wada, A. Hiraki (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Control of Semiconductor Interfaces, ISCSI-2, Karuizawa, Japan, October 28–November 1, 1997, Appl. Surf. Sci. 117–118 (June (II)) (1997) 216–220. [5] E.H.M. Assink, N. Verloop, Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties (Teaching part–whole relations), Pedagogische Studiën 54 (1977) 130–142 (in Dutch). [6] H1 Collaboration, Nucl. Phys. B 504 (1997) 3. [7] S. Weikert, D. Freyer, M. Weih, N. Isaev, C. Busch, J. Schultze, et al., Rapid Ca2+-dependentNO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence, Brain Res. 748 (1997) 1–11. [8] J.C. VanDecar, R.M. Russo, D.E. James, W.B. Ambeh, M. Franke, Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 2043, doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. [9] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., MacMillan, New York, 1979 (Chapter 4). [10] College Bound Seniors, College Board Publications, Princeton, NJ, 1979. [11] A.R. Luria, The Mind of a Mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.), Avon Books, New York, 1969 (Original w ork published 1965). [12] S. Letheridge, C.R. Cannon (Eds.), Bilingual Education: Teaching English as a Second Language, Praeger, New York, 1980. [13] T.E. Chaddock, Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet, in: E.E. Daniel (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility, ISGM4, 4–8 September 1973, Seattle, WA, Mitchell Press, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1974, pp. 83–92. [14] M.J. Adams, B.J. Briscoe, S.K. Sinha, Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications, in: D. Dowson, C.M. Taylor, T.H.C. Childs, M. Godet, G. Dalmas (Eds.), Dissipative Processes in Tribology, in: D. Dowson (Ed.), Tribology Series, vol. 27, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1994, pp. 223–234. [15] J.G. Wilson, F.C. Fraser (Eds.), Handbook of Teratology, vols. 1–4, Plenum Press, New York, 1977–1978. [16] C.E. Sluzki, J. Beavin, Symmetry and complementarity, in: P. Watzlawick, J.H. Weakland (Eds.), The Interactional View, Norton, New York, 1977, pp. 71–87. Reprinted from: Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latina, 11 (1965) 321–330. [17] F. Yu, X.-S. Wu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) 2996. Available from: <hep-th/9112009>. [18] F. Douglis, Th. Ball, Tracking and viewing changes on the web, in: Proc. 1996 USENIX Technical Conference, 1996. [19] See the references in: H.A. Buchdahl, The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics, first published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1966. Also available electronically as The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics (last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. [20] Cancer Research UK, Cancer statistics reports for the UK. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/>, 2003 (accessed 13.03.03).

2. NAME–DATE (HARVARD) STYLE

In-text citations All citations in the text should refer to:

1. Single author: the author’s name (without initials, unless there is ambiguity) and the year of publication; 2. Two authors: both authors‟ names and the year of publication; 3. Three or more authors: first author’s name followed by ‘et al.’ and the year of publication.

Citations may be made directly (or parenthetically). Groups of references should be listed first alphabetically, then chronologically.

Example: “as demonstrated (Allan, 2000a, 2000b, 1999; Allan and Jones, 1999). Kramer et al. (2010) have recently shown ....”

Reference list

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References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, etc., placed after the year of publication.

Paivio, A., Jansen, B., Becker, L.J., 1975. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 37 (2), 635–647. Yuen, A.W.C., 1994. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 35 (Suppl. 5), S33–S36. Glaser, R., Bond, L. (Eds.), 1981. Testing: Concepts and Research. American Psychologist 36 (10) (special issue). Yasuda, N., Takagi, S.-i., Toriumi, A., 1997. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. In: Hattori, T., Wada, K., Hiraki, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Control of Semiconductor Interfaces, ISCSI-2, Karuizawa, Japan, October 28–November 1, 1997. Appl. Surf. Sci. 117–118 (June (II)), 216–220. Assink, E.H.M., Verloop, N., 1977. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties (Teaching part–whole relations). Pedagogische Studiën 54, 130–142 (in Dutch). H1 Collaboration, 1997. Nucl. Phys. B 504, 3. Weikert, S., Freyer, D., Weih, M., Isaev, N., Busch, C., Schultze, J., et al., 1997. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res. 748, 1–11. Sheen, J., 1999a. C4 gene expression. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 50, 187–217. VanDecar, J.C., Russo, R.M., James, D.E., Ambeh, W.B., Franke, M., 2003. Aseismic continuation f the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 1979. The Elements of Style, third ed. MacMillan, New York (Chapter 4). Anon., 1979. College Bound Seniors. College Board Publications, Princeton, NJ. Luria, A.R., 1969. The Mind of a Mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.). Avon Books, New York (Original work published 1965). Letheridge, S., Cannon, C.R. (Eds.), 1980. Bilingual Education: Teaching English as a Second Language. Praeger, New York. Chaddock, T.E., 1974. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In: Daniel, E.E. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility. ISGM4, 4–8 September 1973, Seattle, WA. Mitchell Press, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, pp. 83–92. Adams, M.J., Briscoe, B.E., Sinha, S.K., 1994. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In: Dowson, D., Taylor, C.M., Childs, T.H.C., Godet, M., Dalmas, G. (Eds.), Dissipative Processes in Tribology. In: Dowson, D. (Ed.), Tribology Series, vol. 27. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 223–234. Wilson, J.G., Fraser, F.C. (Eds.), 1977–1978. Handbook of Teratology, vols. 1–4. Plenum Press, New York. Sluzki, C.E., Beavin, J., 1977. Symmetry and complementarity. In: Watzlawick, P., Weakland, J.H. (Eds.), The Interactional View. Norton, New York, pp. 71–87. Reprinted from: Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latin 11, 321–330 (1965). Yu, F., Wu, X.-S., 1992. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2996. Available from: <hep-th/9112009>. Douglis, F., Ball, Th., 1996. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In: Proc. 1996 USENIX Technical Conference. See the references in: Buchdahl, H.A., 1966. The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Also available electronically as The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics (last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. Cancer Research UK, 1975. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/> (accessed 13.03.03.).

3. VANCOUVER STYLE

In-text citations Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.

Reference list Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

[1] Paivio A, Jansen B, Becker LJ. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 1975;37(2):635–47. [2] Yuen AWC. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 1994;35(Suppl. 5):S33–6.

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[3] Glaser R, Bond L, editors. Testing: concepts and research. Am Psychol 1981;36(10) [special issue]. [4] Yasuda N, Takagi S-i, Toriumi A. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Appl Surf Sci 1997;117–118(June (II)):216–20. [5] Assink EHM, Verloop N. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën 1977;54:130–42 [in Dutch]. [6] H1 Collaboration. Nucl Phys B 1997;504:3. [7] Weikert S, Freyer D, Weih M, Isaev N, Busch C, Schultze J, et al. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res 1997;748:1–11. [8] VanDecar JC, Russo RM, James DE, Ambeh WB, Franke M. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J Geophys Res 2003;108:2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. [9] Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: MacMillan; 1979 [chapter 4]. [10] College bound seniors. Princeton (NJ): College Board Publications; 1979. [11] Luria AR. The mind of a mnemonist [Solotarof L, Trans.]. New York: Avon Books; 1969 [Original work published 1965]. [12] Letheridge S, Cannon CR, editors. Bilingual education: teaching English as a second language. New York: Praeger; 1980. [13] Chaddock TE. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In: Daniel EE, editor. Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on gastrointestinal motility. Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada): Mitchell Press; 1974. p. 83–92. [14] Adams MJ, Briscoe BE, Sinha SK. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In: Dowson D, Taylor CM, Childs THC, Godet M, Dalmas G, editors. Dissipative processes in tribology. Dowson D, editor. Tribology series, vol. 27. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994. p. 223–34. [15] Wilson JG, Fraser FC, editors. Handbook of teratology, vols. 1–4. New York: Plenum Press; 1977–78. [16] Sluzki CE, Beavin J. Symmetry and complementarity. In: Watzlawick P, Weakland JH, editors. The interactional view. New York: Norton; 1977. p. 71–87. Reprinted from Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 1965;11:321–30. [17] Yu F, Wu X-S. Phys Rev Lett 1992;68:2996. Available from: hep-th/9112009. [18] Douglis F, Ball Th. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In: Proc. 1996 USENIX technical conference; 1996. [19] See the references in: Buchdahl HA. The concepts of classical thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 1966. Also available electronically as The concepts of classical thermodynamics [Last updated 1999]. This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. [20] Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/>; 2003 [accessed 13.03.03].

Please Note: the shortened form for last page number. e.g., 51–9, and that for more than 6 authors, the first 6 should be listed followed by ‘et al.’ For further details, you are referred to ‘Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals’(J Am Med Assoc 1997; 277: 927–34), see also http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html

4. EMBELLISHED VANCOUVER STYLE

In-text citations Indicate references by superscript numbers in the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.

Reference list Number the references in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

1. Paivio A, Jansen B, Becker LJ. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 1975; 37 (2): 635–47. 2. Yuen AWC. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 1994; 35 (Suppl. 5): S33–6. 3. Glaser R, Bond L, editors. Testing: concepts and research. Am Psychol 1981; 36 (10) [special issue].

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4. Yasuda N, Takagi S-i, Toriumi A. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Appl Surf Sci 1997; 117–118 (June (II)):216–20. 5. Assink EHM, Verloop N. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën 1977; 54: 130–42 [in Dutch]. 6. H1 Collaboration. Nucl Phys B 1997; 504: 3. 7. Weikert S, Freyer D, Weih M, Isaev N, Busch C, Schultze J, et al. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res 1997; 748: 1–11. 8. VanDecar JC, Russo RM, James DE, Ambeh WB, Franke M. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J Geophys Res 2003; 108: 2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. 9. Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: MacMillan; 1979 [chapter 4]. 10. College bound seniors. Princeton (NJ): College Board Publications; 1979. 11. Luria AR. The mind of a mnemonist [Solotarof L, Trans.]. New York: Avon Books; 1969 [Original work published 1965]. 12. Letheridge S, Cannon CR, editors. Bilingual education: teaching English as a second language. New York: Praeger; 1980. 13. Chaddock TE. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In: Daniel EE, editor. Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on gastrointestinal motility. Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada): Mitchell Press; 1974. p. 83–92. 14. Adams MJ, Briscoe BE, Sinha SK. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In: Dowson D, Taylor CM, Childs THC, Godet M, Dalmas G, editors. Dissipative processes in tribology. Dowson D, editor. Tribology series, vol. 27. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994. p. 223–34. 15. Wilson JG, Fraser FC, editors. Handbook of teratology, vols. 1–4. New York: Plenum Press; 1977–78. 16. Sluzki CE, Beavin J. Symmetry and complementarity. In: Watzlawick P, Weakland JH, editors. The interactional view. New York: Norton; 1977. p. 71–87. Reprinted from Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 1965; 11: 321–30. 17. Yu F, Wu X-S. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 68: 2996. Available from: hep-th/9112009. 18. Douglis F, Ball Th. Tracking and viewing changes on the web, In: Proc. 1996 USENIX technical conference; 1996. 19. See the references in: Buchdahl HA. The concepts of classical thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press; 1966. Also available electronically as The concepts of classical thermodynamics [Last updated 1999]. This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. 20. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/>; 2003 [accessed 13.03.03].

Please Note: the shortened form for last page number. e.g., 51–9, and that for more than 6 authors, the first 6 should be listed followed by ‘et al.’ For further details, you are referred to ‘Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals’(J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:927–34), see also http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html

5. APA STYLE

In-text citations Citations in the text should follow the referencing style used by the American Psychological Association. You are referred to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Edition, ISBN 978-1-4338-0561-5, copies of which may be ordered from http://books.apa.org/books.cfm?id=4200067 or APA Order Dept., P.O.B. 2710, Hyattsville, MD 20784, USA. or APA, 3 Henrietta Street, London, WC3E 8LU, UK.

Reference list References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters „a‟, „b‟, „c‟, etc., placed after the year of publication.

Paivio, A., Jansen, B., & Becker, L. J. (1975). Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition, 37(2), 635–647. Yuen, A. W. C. (1994). Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia, 35(Suppl. 5), S33–S36. Glaser, R., & Bond, L. (Eds.), (1981). Testing: concepts and research [Special issue]. American Psychologist, 36(10).

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Yasuda, N., Takagi, S.-I., & Toriumi, A. (1997). Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Applied Surface Science, 117–118(June (II)), 216–220. Assink, E. H. M., & Verloop, N. (1977). Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën, 54, 130–142 (in Dutch). H1 Collaboration. (1997). Nuclear Physics B, 504, 3. Weikert, S., Freyer, D., Weih, M., Isaev, N., Busch, C., Schultze, J., et al. (1997). Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Research, 748, 1–11. Sheen, J. (1999a). C4 gene expression. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 50, 187–217. VanDecar, J. C., Russo, R. M., James, D. E., Ambeh, W. B., & Franke, M. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. Strunk, W., Jr., & White, E. B. (1979). The elements of style (3rd ed.). New York: MacMillan. College bound seniors. (1979). Princeton, NJ: College Board Publications. Luria, A. R. (1969). The mind of a mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.). New York: Avon Books (Original work published 1965). Letheridge, S., & Cannon, C. R. (Eds.), (1980). Bilingual education: Teaching English as a second language. New York: Praeger. Chaddock, T. E. (1974). Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In E. E. Daniel (Ed.), Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on gastrointestinal motility (pp. 83–92). Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Mitchell Press. Adams, M. J., Briscoe, B. E., & Sinha, S. K. (1994). Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In D. Dowson (Series Ed.) & D. Dawson, C. M. Taylor, T. H. C. Childs, M. Godet, & G. Dalmas (Vol. Eds.), Tribology series: Vol. 27. Dissipative processes in tribology (pp. 233–234). Amsterdam: Elsevier. Wilson, J. G., & Fraser, F. C. (1977–1978). Handbook of teratology (Vols. 1–4). New York: Plenum Press. Sluzki, C. E., & Beavin, J. (1977). Symmetry and complementarity. In P. Watzlawick & J. H. Weakland (Eds.), The interactional view (pp. 71–87). New York: Norton. (Reprinted from Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latin, 11, 321–330 (1965)). Yu, F., & Wu, X.-S. (1992). Physical Review Letters, 68, 2996. Available from hep-th/9112009. Douglis, F., & Ball, Th. (1996). Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In: Proceedings of the 1996 USENIX technical conference. See the references in: Buchdahl, H. A. (1966). The concepts of classical thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press. Also available electronically as The concepts of classical thermodynamics (Last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. (2003). <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/> Accessed 13.03.03.

6. AMA STYLE

In-text citations Indicate references by (consecutive) superscript arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text. The numerals are to be used outside periods and commas, inside colons and semicolons. For further detail and examples you are referred to the AMA Manual of Style, A Guide for Authors and Editors, Ninth Edition, ISBN 0-683- 40206-4, copies of which may be ordered from Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (http://www.lww.com/index.html).

Reference list Number the references in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

1. Paivio A, Jansen B, Becker LJ. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition. 1975;37(2):635-647. 2. Yuen AWC. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia. 1994;35(suppl 5):S33-S36. 3. Glaser R, Bond L, eds. Testing: concepts and research. Am Psychol. 1981;36 [special issue]. 4. Yasuda N, Takagi S-i, Toriumi A. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Appl Surf Sci. 1997;117-118(June (II)):216-220. 5. Assink EHM, Verloop N. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën. 1977;54:130-142 [in Dutch]. 6. H1 Collaboration. Nucl Phys B. 1997;504:3.

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7. Weikert S, Freyer D, Weih D, et al. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res. 1997;748:1-11. 8. VanDecar JC, Russo RM, James DE, Ambeh WB, Franke M. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J Geophys Res. 2003;108:2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. 9. Strunk Jr W, White EB. The Elements of Style. 3rd ed. New York: MacMillan; 1979 [chapter 4]. 10. College Bound Seniors. Princeton, NJ: College Board Publications; 1979. 11. Luria AR. The Mind of a Mnemonist [Solotarof L, Trans.]. New York: Avon Books; 1969 [Original work published 1965]. 12. Letheridge S, Cannon CR, eds. Bilingual Education: Teaching English as a Second Language. New York: Praeger; 1980. 13. Chaddock TE. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In: Daniel EE, ed. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Mitchell Press; 1974:83-92. 14. Adams MJ, Briscoe BE, Sinha SK. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In: Dowson D, Taylor CM, Childs THC, Godet M, Dalmas G, eds. Dissipative Processes in Tribology. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994:223-234. Dowson D, ed. Tribology Series; vol. 27. 15. Wilson JG, Fraser FC, eds. Handbook of Teratology. Vols 1-4. New York: Plenum Press; 1977-1978. 16. Sluzki CE, Beavin J. Symmetry and complementarity. In: Watzlawick P, Weakland JH, eds. The Interactional View. New York: Norton; 1977:71-87. Reprinted from: Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1965;11:321-330. 17. Yu F, Wu X-S. Phys Rev Lett. 1992;68:2996. Available from: hep-th/9112009. 18. Douglis F, Ball Th. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In: Proc. 1996 USENIX Technical Conference; 1996. 19. See the references in: Buchdahl HA. The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press; 1966. Also available electronically as The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics [Last updated 1999]. This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. 20. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/>; 2003 Accessed 13.03.03.

7. STANDARD SAUNDERS STYLE

In-text citations All citations in the text should refer to:

1. Single author: the author’s name (without initials, unless there is ambiguity) and the year of publication; 2. Two authors: both authors’ names and the year of publication; 3. Three or more authors: first author’s name followed by ‘et al.’ and the year of publication.

Citations may be made directly (or parenthetically). Groups of references should be listed first alphabetically, then chronologically.

Examples: “as demonstrated (Allan, 2000a, 2000b, 1999; Allan and Jones, 1999). Kramer et al. (2010) have recently shown ....”.

Reference list References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, etc., placed after the year of publication.

Adams MJ, Briscoe BE, Sinha SK: Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In Dowson D, Taylor CM, Childs THC, et al, editors: Dissipative processes in tribology, vol 27, Amsterdam, 1994, Elsevier, pp 223–234. Assink EHM, Verloop N: Her aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part-whole relations], Pedagog Stud 54:130– 142, 1977. Chaddock TE: Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In Daniel EE, editor: Proceedings of the first international symposium on gastrointestinal motility, Vancouver, 1974, Mitchell Press, pp 83–92. College bound seniors, Princeton, 1979, College Board Publications.

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Douglis F, Ball T: Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In Proceedings of the 1996 USENIX technical conference, Amsterdam, 1996, Elsevier. Glaser R, Bond L, editors: Testing: Concepts and Research (special issue), Am Psychol 36(10):412–417, 1981. H1 Collaboration: Measurement of deeply virtual Compton scattering at HERA, Eur Physical J C 44(1):1–11, 2005. Kirkman RL, Mitford EL, Luskin RS: The New England Organ Bank: lessons from running a regional bank, Clin Transplant 37(2):317–324, 1993. Letheridge S, Cannon CR, editors: Bilingual education: teaching English as a second language, New York, 1980, Praeger. Luria AR: The mind of a mnemonist (Solotarof L, translator), New York, 1969, Avon Books. Sickle Cell Disease Association of America: Break the sickle cycle (website). www.sicklecelldisease.org/ default.htm. Accessed February 12, 2004. Sluzki CD, Beavin J: Symmetry and complementarity. In Watzlawick P, Weakland JH, editors: The interactional view, New York, 1977, Norton, pp 71–87. (Reprinted from Acta psiquiatrica y psicologica de America Latina 11:321–330.) Strunk W Jr, White EB: The elements of style, ed 3, New York, 1979, Macmillan. Wang J-T, Savinell RF: A H2/O2 fuel cell using acid doped polybenzimidazole as polymer electrolyte, Electrochim Acta 41:193–197, 1996. Weikert S, Freyer D, Weih M, et al: Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence, Brain Res 748:1–11, 1997. Wilson JG, Fraser FC: Handbook of teratology (vols 1–4), New York, 1977–1978, Plenum Press. Yasuda N, Takagi S-I, Toriumi A: Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films, Appl Surface Sci 117–118 (June): 216–220, 1997. Yu F, Wu X-S: Nonlinear W current algebra in the SL (2,R)/U(1) coset model, Physical Rev Lett 68: 2996–2999, 1992. Available from <hep-th/9112009>. Yuen AWC: Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy, Epilepsia 35 (Suppl 5): S33–S36, 1994.

Please Note: in medical and most nursing books, abbreviate the names of journals (without periods) according to the Cumulated Index Medicus (CIM), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, or the International Nursing Index.

8. NUMBERED SAUNDERS STYLE

In-text citations:

Indicate references by superscript numbers in the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given. Reference list: Number the references in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

1. Paivio A, Jansen B, Becker LJ: Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 37:635-647, 1975. 2. Yuen AWC: Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 35(suppl 5):S33-S36, 1994. 3. Glaser R, Bond L, eds: Testing: concepts and research. Am Psychol 36, 1981 [special issue]. 4. Yasuda N, Takagi S-i, Toriumi A: Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Appl Surf Sci 117-118(June (II)):216-220, 1997. 5. Assink EHM, Verloop N: Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën 54:130-142, 1977 [in Dutch]. 6. H1 Collaboration. Nucl Phys B 504:3, 1997. 7. Weikert S, Freyer D, Weih D, et al.: Rapid Ca2+-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res 748:1-11, 1997. 8. VanDecar JC, Russo RM, James DE, Ambeh WB, Franke M: Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J Geophys Res 108:2043, 2003. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. 9. Strunk Jr W, White EB: The Elements of Style, ed 3, New York, 1979, MacMillan [chapter 4]. 10. College Bound Seniors Princeton, NJ: College Board Publications, 1979. 11. Luria AR: The Mind of a Mnemonist [Solotarof L, Trans.] New York, 1969, Avon Books [Original work published 1965]. 12. Letheridge S, Cannon CR, editors: Bilingual Education: Teaching English as a Second Language, New York, 1980, Praeger.

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13. Chaddock TE: Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In Daniel EE, editor: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1978, Mitchell Press, pp 83-92. 14. Adams MJ, Briscoe BE, Sinha SK: Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In Dowson D, Taylor CM, Childs THC, Godet M, Dalmas G, editors: Dissipative Processes in Tribology, Amsterdam, 1994, Elsevier, pp 223-234. Dowson D, editor: Tribology Series, vol. 27. 15. Wilson JG, Fraser FC, editors: Handbook of Teratology Vols 1-4, New York, 1977-1978, Plenum Press. 16. Sluzki CE, Beavin J: Symmetry and complementarity. In Watzlawick P, Weakland JH, editors: The Interactional View, New York, 1977, Norton, pp 71-87. Reprinted from: Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 11:321-330, 1965. 17. Yu F, Wu X-S: Phys Rev Lett 68:2996, 1992. Available from: hep-th/9112009. 18. Douglis F, Ball Th: Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In Proc. 1996 USENIX Technical Conference, 1996. 19. See the references in: Buchdahl HA: The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, 1966. Also available electronically as The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics [Last updated 1999]. This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. 20. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK.

<http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/>; 2003 Accessed 13.03.03.

Please Note: in medical and most nursing books, abbreviate the names of journals (without periods) according to the Cumulated Index Medicus (CIM), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, or the International Nursing Index.

9. ACS NUMBERED STYLE

In-text citations:

References in the text should be cited by number. References should be in italics and numbered sequentially. If a reference is cited more than once, it does not receive a new number. If citing more than one reference at a time, include reference numbers in increasing order separated by commas.

Example: ...preparing N-(p-nitroaryl)amides (2).

Reference list: The list of references appears at the end of the paper in numerical order when cited by numbers.

1. Paivio, A.; Jansen, B.; Becker, L. J. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 1975, 37, 635–647. 2. Yuen, A. W. C. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 1994, 35(Suppl. 5), S33–S36. 3. Glaser, R.; Bond, L.; Eds., Testing: concepts and research [Special issue]. American Psychologist 1981, 36. 4. Yasuda, N.; Takagi, S.-I.; Toriumi, A. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Applied Surface Science 1997, 117–118(June (II)), 216–220. 5. Assink, E. H. M.; Verloop, N. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën, 1977, 54, 130–142 (in Dutch). 6. H1 Collaboration. Nuclear Physics B, 1997, 504, 3. 7. Weikert, S.; Freyer, D.; Weih, M.; Isaev, N.; Busch, C.; Schultze, J. et al. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NOproduction from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Research 1997, 748, 1–11. 8. VanDecar, J. C.; Russo, R. M.; James, D. E.; Ambeh, W. B.; Franke, M. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research 2003, 108, 2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. 9. Strunk, W. Jr.; White, E. B. The Elements of Style; 3rd Ed; MacMillan: New York, 1979. 10. College Bound Seniors; Princeton, NJ: College Board Publications, 1979. 11. Luria, A. R. The Mind of a Mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.); Avon Books: New York, 1969 (Original work published 1965). 12. Letheridge, S.; Cannon, C. R., Eds. Bilingual education: Teaching English as a second language. Praeger: New York, 1980.

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13. Chaddock, T. E. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on gastrointestinal motility. Daniel, E. E., Ed. Mitchell Press: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1974; pp 83–92. 14. Adams, M. J.; Briscoe, B. E. and Sinha, S. K. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In Tribology series: Vol. 27. Dissipative processes in tribology. Dowson, D., Series Ed. and Dawson, D., Taylor, C. M. Childs, T. H. C., Godet, M. and Dalmas, G. Vol. Eds. Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1994; pp 233–234. 15. Wilson, J. G., Fraser, F. C. Handbook of teratology; Vols. 1–4; Plenum Press: New York, 1977–1978. 16. Sluzki, C. E. and Beavin, J. Symmetry and complementarity. In The interactional view. Watzlawick, P. and Weakland, J. H., Eds. Norton: New York, 1977; pp 71–87. (Reprinted from Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latin, 11, 321–330, 1965). 17. Yu, F.; Wu, X.-S. Physical Review Letters, 1992, 68, 2996. Available from hep-th/9112009. 18. Douglis, F. and Ball, Th. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In Proceedings of the 1996 USENIX technical conference, 1996 19. See the references in: Buchdahl, H. A. The concepts of classical thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, 1996. Also available electronically as The concepts of classical thermodynamics (Last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. 20. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, 2003. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/> Accessed 13.03.03.

9.A. ACS SUPERSCRIPT NUMBER STYLE

In-text citations References in the text should be cited by number. References should be in superscript and numbered sequentially. The number is placed after relevant full stops and commas, and before relevant colons and semicolons. If a reference is cited more than once, it does not receive a new number. If citing more than one reference at a time, include reference numbers in increasing order separated by commas. Example: ...preparing N-(p-nitroaryl)amides2.

Reference list: The list of references appears at the end of the paper in numerical order when cited by numbers.

Please see ACS numbered style (Style 9) for the reference list examples.

9.B. ACS NAME-DATE STYLE

In-text citations: References in the text should be cited by author name and date.

Example: ...preparing N-(p-nitroaryl)amides (Stern and Cheng, 1995). Reference list: The list of references appears at the end of the paper in alphabetical order if cited by author and date.

Paivio, A.; Jansen, B.; Becker, L. J. Comparisons through the mind’s eye. Cognition 1975, 37, 635–647. Yuen, A. W. C. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 1994, 35(Suppl. 5), S33–S36. Glaser, R.; Bond, L.; Eds., Testing: concepts and research [Special issue]. American Psychologist 1981, 36. Yasuda, N.; Takagi, S.-I.; Toriumi, A. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. Applied Surface Science 1997, 117–118(June (II)), 216–220. Assink, E. H. M.; Verloop, N. Het aanleren van deel–geheel relaties [Teaching part–whole relations]. Pedagogische Studiën, 1977, 54, 130–142 (in Dutch). H1 Collaboration. Nuclear Physics B, 1997, 504, 3. Weikert, S.; Freyer, D.; Weih, M.; Isaev, N.; Busch, C.; Schultze, J. et al. Rapid Ca2+-dependent NOproduction from

27

central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO-nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Research 1997, 748, 1–11. VanDecar, J. C.; Russo, R. M.; James, D. E.; Ambeh, W. B.; Franke, M. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research 2003, 108, 2043. doi:10.1029/2001JB000884. Strunk, W. Jr.; White, E. B. The Elements of Style; 3rd Ed; MacMillan: New York, 1979. College Bound Seniors; Princeton, NJ: College Board Publications, 1979. Luria, A. R. The Mind of a Mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.); Avon Books: New York, 1969 (Original work published 1965). Letheridge, S.; Cannon, C. R., Eds. Bilingual education: Teaching English as a second language. Praeger: New York, 1980. Chaddock, T. E. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on gastrointestinal motility. Daniel, E. E., Ed. Mitchell Press: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1974; pp 83–92. Adams, M. J.; Briscoe, B. E. and Sinha, S. K. Interface friction and energy dissipation in soft solid processing applications. In Tribology series: Vol. 27. Dissipative processes in tribology. Dowson, D., Series Ed. and Dawson, D., Taylor, C. M. Childs, T. H. C., Godet, M. and Dalmas, G. Vol. Eds. Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1994; pp 233–234. Wilson, J. G., Fraser, F. C. Handbook of teratology; Vols. 1–4; Plenum Press: New York, 1977–1978. Sluzki, C. E. and Beavin, J. Symmetry and complementarity. In The interactional view. Watzlawick, P. and Weakland, J. H., Eds. Norton: New York, 1977; pp 71–87. (Reprinted from Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latin, 11, 321– 330, 1965). Yu, F.; Wu, X.-S. Physical Review Letters, 1992, 68, 2996. Available from hep-th/9112009. Douglis, F. and Ball, Th. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In Proceedings of the 1996 USENIX technical conference, 1996 See the references in: Buchdahl, H. A. The concepts of classical thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, 1996. Also available electronically as The concepts of classical thermodynamics (Last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, 2003. <http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/> Accessed 13.03.03.

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9. SUBMISSION

• Please submit a sample chapter following these guidelines as early as possible in your writing. We will evaluate the chapter and make any necessary suggestions to assist smooth production of your book.

• Please submit a final Table of Contents and confirm the title of the book and names of the authors/editors as you would like them to appear in the book as early as possible.

• At final delivery, your material must be in final form. Further alterations will not be possible once the material has been put into production. If you wish to deliver your manuscript in batches, please discuss this with your editor before starting your work.

• Discuss any required change to the number of words or figures originally agreed as early as possible with your editor.

• Submission will be via the Elsevier Electronic Manuscript Submission System (EMSS). Please see Using EMSS for information about using this system.

Please let your Editor know immediately if you are unsure about or envisage any delay in your delivery schedule.

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10. OVERVIEW OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS

When your manuscript is ready to enter the production process, it is assessed by a production manager. The production manager is responsible for seeing your book safely through the production process (copyediting, typesetting, proofreading, indexing and manufacturing) and they will be an important point of contact from delivery of your manuscript until publication. The proofs of your project should be sent to you approximately 8-9 weeks after handover of the final manuscript.

The production manager will analyze the files for any missing figures, tables, references, etc., and will flag these for your attention. Below is a breakdown of the different steps involved in your manuscript’s production.

Copy-editing

Your book will be copy-edited electronically, to the appropriate level and US/UK English style. Our copy-editors are validated and chosen for their reliability, expertise and subject specialty.

Typesetting

After copy-editing is completed the typesetter will style and produce page proofs, for print and online formats. The project manager will liaise closely with the typesetter, and provide the author with a firm expected date for page proofs by email.

The layout template used will be one of our standard designs or will be custom designed by our team of designers. Artwork may be redrawn at this stage if required. Elsevier has a select number of specialist typesetters, all of whom are validated and closely monitored.

Proof Central

Our method for delivering proofs to you. You will receive a link to Proof Central where you will be able to edit the PDF version of your proof.

Proofreading

As soon as the book has been typeset, page proofs will be sent to the corresponding author through Proof Central. This usually happens approximately 7-8 weeks after we receive the completed manuscript; this is dependent on the number of contributors and completion of the manuscript. At the same time, the page proofs are sent to a professional proofreader for checking.

Accurate proofreading and clear marking of corrections are essential for the production of a quality title. Please note that careful checking is your responsibility but a professional proofreader will also be checking the proofs. Please mark any necessary corrections to the actual PDF in a distinct manner by annotating the PDF file of the proof using Acrobat’s commenting tool (you will need Acrobat Reader 7 or upwards to be able to use the commenting tool).

Indexing

At the same time as the author and proofreader receive their proofs for checking, the indexing process will begin. This will be carried out by subject-expertise indexers who will read the entire text (entries are selected manually, rather than being produced automatically by indexing software). Once the index entries are compiled, the document will be sent to the author for checking. Indexing is automatically done to a medium standard. If you require your indexing to be at a higher level, please let your editorial contact know.

Manufacturing

Elsevier has expert printing suppliers across the globe. The final print files will be sent to a pre-designated printer, and copies distributed as organized by the Production Manager. Author / contributor print and electronic complimentary copies will also be distributed upon publication (print copies will take approximately five weeks to arrive). The title will also be published on Elsevier’s online portal, ScienceDirect, and will be made available for various online formats.

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11. USING EMSS

5 EASY STEPS TO USE EMSS

1. CREATE A PROFILE

• Go to https://editorial.elsevier.com • Log in to the site (no download necessary) and change your password. Please note you will need to log in as a

‘new user’ upon first use. • Fill out the contact information. • Click the save button.

2. GO TO YOUR PROJECT

Choose your project from the dropdown menu (if you only have one project with us, you will only see one project in the dropdown).

3. CHECK YOUR TO-DO LIST

Any chapters that are currently assigned to you and require your attention (need to be written or returned with queries from the editor) will be in your to-do list. You can also see the status of other chapters that are assigned to you in the “All Other Chapters Assigned to Me” tab.

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4. UPLOAD YOUR MANUSCRIPT

Once you’ve clicked on your Chapter from your Home page, you will be brought to the Manuscript page where you can upload the manuscript and figures, download other versions of the manuscript, write and read Notes to and from the Editor, and pass the manuscript on to the Editor. You will:

• Upload your chapter by clicking on Manuscript tab. • Upload figures by clicking on the Figures tab where you can arrange them in sequential order. • Enter abstract and key words in the word document below the chapter title and affiliations of your contributors.

Refer to Chapter Template for a structure guide. • Once you are done, send your chapter to the editor by choosing “Editor” in the dropdown menu in the Actions

section of the page and then click on “Select and Save” or you can just “Submit to Editor.”

5. RECEIVE E-MAILS AND CHECK STATUS

• EMSS will email you when something has been moved to your To-Do list, but you can also continue to check the site to see the status of your chapters and write notes to your editor.

• Now there is no need to worry that e-mails didn’t get to the intended recipient, or keep track of when you sent which files. EMSS will archive all previous versions of the manuscript, and keep track of all Notes and correspondence.

TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS

Once you’ve moved your chapter to the next step, you will be unable to work with it. If your editor has told you it needs to be edited, but you can’t access it, please check with your editor to make sure they have moved it back to your step in the workflow. If that still doesn’t work, contact your EPM.

MORE INFORMATION

To view a short video that will walk you through the process, please visit: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nYxz7MgMstE

LOGGING INTO EMSS

The EMSS system (Electronic Manuscript Submission System) is found at:

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https://editorial.elsevier.com

IF YOU ARE A NEW USER:

When you log in the first time, you will be taken to your Profile, where you will need to do the following:

• Change your password. • Double-check your first and last names. • Enter your phone number (required). • Enter your degrees (required). • Enter your affiliations (you may have up to four, but the first one is required). • Enter your preferred mailing address (required). • Enter any assistant information (optional, but encouraged). • Link to the ORCID site to pull your existing ORCID, or one you create for the first time, to your EMSS profile

(optional, but encouraged). • Save what you have entered by scrolling to the bottom of the page and clicking the Save button.

IF YOU HAVE BEEN ON THE SITE BEFORE:

• Your username will be your email address. • You will have changed your password already.

If you cannot remember your password and need a new one, you can request one from the login page. E-mail messages coming from EMSS will originate from the address notify@editorial.elsevier.com. To ensure you receive these messages, please add this address to your email safe senders list.

Once you have logged in:

Authors and Editors should be able to see all the details for their book, including the Table of Contents, and all the chapters available.

Contributors should be able to see the Table of Contents and the full details for any chapters they are writing.

Please note that your chapter number may change throughout the editorial process as new chapters/authors are added or removed. If your chapter number does change then our production team will ensure your manuscript is adjusted accordingly. If your final chapter title differs from what has been listed on EMSS, please amend it within EMSS.

HOW TO UPLOAD YOUR CHAPTER

To upload a chapter to the website, go to the chapter detail page, by clicking on the chapter title from the home page where your “to-do” list is located. Scroll to the bottom of the page and click on the orange “upload new file” button:

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A box will appear that looks like this:

Hit the “browse” button. Locate the chapter on your own computer, highlight it, and click “open”. You will be taken back to the box above with the file name listed in the blank space. Click “Upload” to upload your chapter on the site. When you have successfully uploaded your chapter, you will be redirected to a page telling you that your chapter has been uploaded. Please also upload your figures (if applicable) by clicking on the figure tab and following the instructions. The system will happily upload or download multiple files. If you wish to re-use figures or tables that have been previously published, don’t forget to get the necessary Permissions. Once you are happy with your chapter please submit it to your editor by clicking the “submit to Editor” button in the actions box at the top of the page.

If you have any problems or queries with using this system then please contact your Editorial Project Manager.

THE NOTE FUNCTION

You can use the note function to leave a note to your Editorial Project Manager (DE) and/or your volume editor. The note function is available both within the manuscript and figures tab. You can email your note directly to the recipient by ticking their name in the ”cc by email” list. Once you have written your note, click post to publish it to the rest of the team.

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12. CHAPTER TEMPLATE

[ChNum]

[ChTitle]

[Author Name(s)]

[Author Affiliaton(s)]

[NON PRINT ITEMS]

Abstract:

Key Words:

[Chapter Starts Here]

[H1 Title]

[H2 Title]

*** Insert Figure x.x ***

Caption:

Credit:

[Chapter References]