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ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
International Centre for Health and Society, UCL
Institute for Fiscal Studies and UCL Dept of Economics
National Centre for Social Research
University of Cambridge, East Anglia, Exeter, Imperial
Research TeamResearch Team
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Acknowledgements: The research teamAcknowledgements: The research team James Banks Richard Blundell Elizabeth Breeze Lisa Calderwood Laura Conway Kate Cox María Casanova Bob Erens Edlira Gjonça Elizabeth Hacker Felicia Huppert Martin Hyde Mary Janevic Roger Jowell Saffron Karlsen
Meena Kumari Michelle Lee Carli Lessof Anne McMunn Brenda McWilliams Michael Marmot David Melzer Hayley Mew James Nazroo Susan Nunn Zoë Oldfield Dan Philo Keeley Ribas Nicholas Steel Rebecca Taylor
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Consultants to the study David Blane Mike Hurd Jim Smith Beth Soldo Mike Wadsworth Bob Wallace Bob Willis
Advisory group Baroness Sally Greengross Sir Tony Atkinson Michael Bury Julian Farrand Tom Kirkwood Tom Ross Jacqui Smith Anthea Tinker Christina Victor Alan Walker
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Acknowledgements: FundersAcknowledgements: Funders
National Institute on Aging
Department for Education and Skills Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Department of Health Department of Trade and Industry Department for Work and Pensions HM Treasury Inland Revenue Office of the Deputy Prime Minister Office for National Statistics
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
ELSA is...ELSA is...
A study of people aged 50+ and their younger partners
Multi-disciplinary - health, economic and social circumstances
Longitudinal - change over time
Comparative - United States (HRS) and Europe (SHARE)
Policy relevant - applied research with long term aims
Funding - National Institute on Aging, UK Government Depts
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Research QuestionsResearch Questions
What explains who has good health in later life and who does not?
When do people retire and how do they plan for their retirement?
Do people have enough savings to provide for their older age?
How do changes in memory and concentration affect well being?
What is the relationship between all the factors involved in ageing?
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
The English Longitudinal Study of AgeingThe English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Sample DesignSample Design
Sample is representative of population aged 50 and over,
living in private households in England
Drawn from Health Survey for England (HSE)
Three years of HSE used - 1998, 1999 & 2001
HSE is an annual cross-section of c.16,000 adults
It has a core content, supplemented by varying modules
Health measures provide ‘pre-baseline’ information
Household response - HSE (74% to 76%)
Individual adult response - HSE (67% to 70%)
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
HSE Content for ELSA BaselineHSE Content for ELSA Baseline General health Use of health services MRC respiratory questionnaire, chest pain, CVD Physical activity Eating habits, smoking, drinking Height and weight (collected in interview) Waist and hip, demi-span (by nurse) Parental history GHQ12 Blood pressure; blood sample Prescribed drugs; vitamins; nicotine replacements Household composition, housing, job, income
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Linkage to administrative data at HSELinkage to administrative data at HSE
NHS Central Register
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
ELSA Wave One 2002/3Core Interview (12,100 respondents)
ELSA Wave One 2002/3Core Interview (12,100 respondents)
The English Longitudinal Study of AgeingThe English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Eligibility for the Study at Wave 1Eligibility for the Study at Wave 1
Core sample members born on or before 29th Feb 1952
In household sector in England at baseline (ELSA W1)
Younger partners cohabiting with core sample at HSE
New partners who joined household since HSE
Some data about other household and family members
No interviews in institutions or outside England at baseline
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Interview Content and StructureInterview Content and Structure Household demographics
Individual demographics Health Social participation Work and pensions
Income and assets Housing and consumption
Cognitive function Psychosocial health Expectations Final questions
Timed walk Self-completion
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Interview Content and StructureInterview Content and Structure Household demographics Answered once per household
Individual demographics] Health ] Answered by all Social participation ] Can be conducted concurrently Work and pensions ]
Income and assets Answered once per financial unit Housing and consumption Answered once per household
Cognitive function ] Psychosocial health ] Answered by all Expectations ] Should be answered in private Final questions ]
Timed walk Answered by 60+, floating block Self-completion Can be left behind or switched
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Linkage to administrative data at Wave 1Linkage to administrative data at Wave 1
NHS Central Register
New employers (for private pension plan details)
Hospital Episodes database
National Insurance contributions (post 1978)
Benefits (incl. state pension payments) and tax credits
(post 1999)
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
ResponseResponse Issued sample of ~11,600 households; ~18,800 individuals
Achieved sample of ~7,900 households; ~12,100 individuals
~11,400 interviews with core sample members
~640 interviews with partners under 50 and ~70 with new partners
Response among core sample members
Household response 70%
96% responding within households
Overall individual response rate of 67%
Individual response rate for new partners 68% Individual response rate for younger partners 63%
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Achieved Sample Size - All Sample TypesAchieved Sample Size - All Sample Types Numbers %
Age Men Women Total Men Women Total
Under 50 104 472 576 2 7 5
50-54 920 1156 2076 17 17 17
55-59 1030 1171 2201 19 17 18
60-64 813 883 1696 15 13 14
65-69 806 912 1718 15 13 14
70-74 680 797 1477 13 12 12
75-79 498 596 1094 9 9 9
80+ 485 777 1262 9 11 10
Total 5336 6764 12100 100 100 100
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Response and Weighting at Wave 1Response and Weighting at Wave 1
High response to elements within survey Housing 99.7% Income and assets 99.0% Self-completion 92.0%
Imputation for missing values in economic variables
Weighting to take account of household non-response Post-stratified to the relevant population using Census 2001 Applied at individual level
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
HSE 1998& Nurse Visit
ELSA Wave One 2002/3Core Interview (12,100 respondents)
ELSA Wave One 2002/3Core Interview (12,100 respondents)
ELSA Wave Two 2004/5Core Interview + Nurse Visit
ELSA Wave Two 2004/5Core Interview + Nurse Visit
The English Longitudinal Study of AgeingThe English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 1999& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
HSE 2001& Nurse Visit
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Survey Content at Wave 2Survey Content at Wave 2
Core modules remain
Repeat cross-sectional questions Dependent interviewing where prior data is available (Temporary) removal of some questions
Some additions to main questionnaire Date of onset of new conditions and quality of care Job change and retirement House moves Additional consumption questions Loneliness, life satisfaction
ELSAEnglish LongitudinalStudy of Ageing
Major Changes at Wave 2Major Changes at Wave 2 Nurse visit
sample members only blood pressure; blood samples; saliva sample height & weight; waist & hip; lung function physical performance measures
grip strength, balance, leg rise, chair raises experimental self-completion
Moves into institution
Exit interview
Change to following rules outside of England partners to be followed for at least one wave after splits